Spark Microgrants CEA [Public Version]

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1	SPARK CEA OVERVIEW AND DESCRIPTION
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3	Model Output:
4	Benefit per dollar donated:	$28.23
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6	Model Description:
7	- This CEA focuses on the impact over 10 years of about 80% of villages' investment decision to purchase livestock, and focuses on the context of Rwanda.
8	- In this CEA, we assume the village consists of subsistence-oriented farmers that buy domestic pigs, based on conversations with David Kitt at Spark Microgrants.
9	- The estimated cost-effectiveness does not account for health benefits from increased meals, nor the various intangible benefits that Spark claims to impart (e.g., social capital).
10	- This spreadsheet contains two sheets. "Dynamic CEA model" (the primary model) and "Crop inputs," described below.
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12	Dynamic CEA model:
13	Crop yield	First, we estimate crop production as well as pigs' crop consumption and manure production, the latter of which improves crop yield.
14	Crop consumption	Second, we estimate villagers' crop consumption and compare consumption of meals before and after the Spark intervention, where surveys have indicated that meals doubled from 1 to 2 meals per day per villager. From this exercise, we derive a value of the increased consumption by villagers, assuming meals are valued at $0.20 in line with feedback from village stakeholders. We do not consider any additional value beyond the monetary cost of a meal (e.g., to villagers' health).
15	Pig stock management	Third, we consider the dynamics of pig reproduction and the pig replacement rate that would maintain the crop benefits from manure to feed the village, assuming that any excess piglets are sold on the market (in line with Spark's anecdotal evidence).
16	Farm revenue	Based on households' and pigs' consumption, we calculate any revenue from sales of excess crop and pigs, and derive an estimated discounted benefit of revenue over ten years.
17	Farm costs	Farm costs include the costs for setup, equipment, and maintenance of pigs, as well as costs of food purchased off-farm.
18	Program costs	Fourth, to ensure we are remaining within the budget constraint, we calculate total program costs, which are incurred in years 1 and 2 only.
19	Program returns	Finally, we divide the net present value of benefits by the program costs to derive the cost-effectiveness estimate.
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21	Crop inputs:
22	This sheet does deeper analysis based on data-backed assumptions about villages' crop diversification to better estimate their consumption and excess for market sale.
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