1 | Start Date | End Date | Headline | Text | Media | Media Credit | Media Caption | Media Thumbnail | Type | Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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3 | 1-Jan-1974 | A brief history of the European Science Foundation | Browse this visually rich timeline to learn about ESF's history and significant events worldwide. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9363508467/ | European Science Foundation | The ESF headquarters in Strasbourg | title | |||
4 | 2/1/1972 | 2/15/1972 | Meeting in Aarhus, Denmark | A meeting that was organised jointly by the research councils of the Nordic countries and the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (Nederlandse organisatie voor zuiver-wetenschappelijk - ZWO) took place in Aarhus to launch as discussion on how to promote efforts for the coordinating of basic research at the European level. This initiative was supported by the Commission of the European Communities with the aim to set up a foundation to stimulate cooperation of basic research. | Significant event | |||||
5 | 12/16/1972 | 12/16/1972 | Royal Society hosts European research organisations | The Royal Society (UK) hosted a meeting in London which was attended by a number of research organisations across Europe to discuss how this proposed common action could become a reality | Significant event | |||||
6 | 4/4/1973 | 4/4/1973 | A working group is formed in Munich | The project to set up an organisation to promote cooperation in basic research across Europe sees the light of day at a meeting hosted by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft in Munich, under the chairmanship of Professor Hubert Curien (France). The proposal is examined in view of submitting it to all European research organisations | Significant event | |||||
7 | 9/20/1973 | 9/20/1973 | 47 Research Organisations meet in Gif-sur-Yvette | At the invitation of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) representatives from 47 research organisations across Europe met in Gif-sur-Yvette and approved the principle of setting up a European Science Foundation | Significant event | |||||
8 | 10-Apr-1974 | Provisional Space Science Board for Europe | An expert group created under the auspices of the UK Royal Society met in April 1974 in London, under the chairmanship of Sir Harrie Massey (who became the first president of the ESSC the following year). The group informed ESF that it was ready to dissolve as soon as the ESF would create a similar committee, which indeed happened in 1975. In April 1974, the world population reached 4 billion. | Milestone | ||||||
9 | 4-May-1974 | 4-May-1973 | Strasbourg is chosen for the seat of ESF | It is at a meeting in Saltsjöbaden in Sweden, that Strasbourg is chosen to host the European Science Foundation | Significant event | |||||
10 | 18-Nov-1974 | 18-Nov-1974 | 1974 - ESF is created | The ESF is officially established at a meeting held in the Palais des Rohan in Strasbourg. 42 academies and research councils make up the founding Member Organisations from 15 countries. | http://40years.esf.org/fileadmin/share_your_memories/ESF_Logos/1974-1976.png | Significant event | ||||
11 | 1-Dec-1974 | Working Groups set up on Astronomy and Space Science | The role of the working group on Astronomy is to make observations and subsequent recommendations to the ESF aiming to improve the quality of individual projects and avoid duplication and to ensure optimum participation of scientists, research councils and countries. The working group on Space Science would study the problems raised by spatial research due to the complexity and increasing costs, and to maintain close links between European and American scientists and agencies. | |||||||
12 | 1-Dec-1974 | Preparatory Committees for Working Groups created for Astronomy, Recombinant DNA and Social Sciences | Setting up the archaeology preparatory committee - which began by studying scientific techniques for use in archaeological digs - was one of the first initiatives to show that ESF intended to develop its activities in the humanities. The group on recombinant DNA was to define the European attitude regarding the responsibility of scientists, as well as the rules to be respected to minimise all risk through experimentation by genetic manipulation. The social sciences preparatory committeee drew up an inventory of all existing exchange programmes, international studies, bilateral and multilateral agreements in view of creating a European community in the social sciences. | |||||||
13 | 1-Jan-1975 | 31-Dec-1979 | Brian Flowers, President | Lord Flowers (Brian Hilton Flowers, FRS (1924-2010) was ESF's first President, from 1974 to 1979. He was a British nuclear physicist of international standing, with a deep vocation for bettering the human condition, notably in the management of the earth's resources. He became a fellow of the Royal Society in 1961 and was an outstanding scientific and academic administrator of his generation, culminating in 12 years as Rector of Imperial College London, followed by five years as Vice-Chancellor of London University. He chaired a number of public bodies and became a member of the House of Lords in 1979 as Baron Flowers. Brian Flowers received many international honours, including becoming Officier de la Légion d'Honneur in 1981. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9362318023/ | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Flowers,_Baron_Flowers | Brian Flowers, United Kingdom | People | ||
14 | 1-Jan-1975 | 31-Dec-1979 | Friedrich Schneider, Secretary General | Dr. Friedrich Schneider (1913-1981) was the first Secretary General of ESF, from 1975 to 1979. He was Secretary General of the Wissenschatsrates (German Science Council) in Cologne from 1958 to 1966 and obtained his PhD from the University of Cologne 1960. Before moving to Munich to become Secretary General of the Max-Planck Society, a position he occupied from 1966 to 1976, he was a member of the German delegation to OECD. He received the Légion d'Honneur in 1980. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/11115168973/ | from the University of Cologne | People | |||
15 | 1-Jan-1975 | The National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF) | The NHRF joined the ESF, bringing the number of Member Organisations up to 43. | http://www.eie.gr/nhrf/layout/slider_banner_eie.jpg | Milestone | |||||
16 | 1-Jan-1975 | 1-Jan-1975 | Altair 8800 is released, sparking the era of the microcomputer | The Altair is widely recognized as the spark that ignited the microcomputer revolution. The computer bus designed for the Altair was to become a de facto standard in the form of the S-100 bus, and the first programming language for the machine was Microsoft's founding product, Altair BASIC. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Altair_8800_Computer.jpg/664px-Altair_8800_Computer.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altair_8800 | Significant Events | |||
17 | 4-Apr-1975 | 4-Apr-1975 | "Micro Soft" is born in Albuquerque, New Mexico | Bill Gates and Paul Allen form a company at this time called Micro Soft in Albuquerque, New Mexico, to develop and sell BASIC interpreter software for the Altair 8800. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4f/1981BillPaul.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft | Significant Events | |||
18 | 1-Jun-1975 | The European Space Sciences Committee is established | The European Space Sciences Committee, established in 1975, grew out of the need for a collaborative effort that would ensure European space scientists made their voices heard on the other side of the Atlantic, in an era when successive Apollo and space science missions had thrust the idea of space exploration into the collective conscious for the first time. | http://www.esf.org/fileadmin/Public_documents/Publications/ExpCttee_essc.pdf | Milestone | |||||
19 | 8-Aug-1975 | 8-Aug-1975 | The term global warming is probably first used in its modern sense by Wallace Smith Broecker | In 1975, Broecker coined the phrase global warming when he published a paper titled: “Climate Change: Are we on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? Global warming refers to an unequivocal and continuing rise in the average temperature of Earth's climate system. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/GISS_temperature_2000-09_lrg.png/800px-GISS_temperature_2000-09_lrg.png | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming | Significant Events | |||
20 | 20-Aug-1975 | 20-Aug-1975 | NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars. | Viking 1 was the first of two spacecraft (along with Viking 2) sent to Mars as part of NASA's Viking program. It was the first spacecraft to successfully land on Mars and perform its mission, and held the record for the longest Mars surface mission of 2307 days or 2245 sols (from landing until surface mission termination, Earth time) until that record was broken by the Opportunity Rover on May 19, 2010. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Viking_spacecraft.jpg/800px-Viking_spacecraft.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_1 | Significant Events | |||
21 | 1-Sep-1975 | 1-Sep-1975 | Benoit Mandelbrot coins the term fractal. | A fractal is a mathematical set that typically displays self-similar patterns, which means it is "the same from near as from far". Using the newly developed IBM computers at his disposal, Mandelbrot was able to create fractal images using graphic computer code, images that an interviewer described as looking like "the delirious exuberance of the 1960s psychedelic art with forms hauntingly reminiscent of nature and the human body." | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Newton-lplane-Mandelbrot.jpg/750px-Newton-lplane-Mandelbrot.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benoit_Mandelbrot | Significant Events | |||
22 | 1-Oct-1975 | 1-Oct-1975 | Lyme disease first recognised at Lyme, Connecticut. | Lyme disease (Lyme borreliosis) is an infectious disease caused by at least three species of bacteria belonging to the genus Borrelia.Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto[is the main cause of Lyme disease in North America, whereas Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii cause most European cases. The disease is named after the towns of Lyme and Old Lyme, Connecticut, US, where a number of cases were identified in 1975. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Adult_deer_tick.jpg/534px-Adult_deer_tick.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease | Significant Events | |||
23 | 1-Jan-1976 | 31-Dec-1980 | ESF New Logo | http://40years.esf.org/fileadmin/share_your_memories/ESF_Logos/1976-1980.png | Milestone | |||||
24 | 1-Jan-1976 | A Working Group on Synchrotron Radiation is set up | In 1975 a proposal was put before the ESF to consider improvements in European collaboration in the field of synchrotron radiation research and an ESF working group was set up in 1976. This activity paved the way to the eventual construction of the ESRF in Grenoble. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Esrf_grenoble.jpg/800px-Esrf_grenoble.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Esrf_grenoble.jpg | Milestone | ||||
25 | 1-Jan-1976 | The Humanities Working Group is set up | The Member Organisations agreed that the role of Humanities in ESF should be explored. | Milestone | ||||||
26 | 1-Jan-1976 | Ad hoc Committees were established | The concept of ad hoc Committees was introduced, in the field of Mathematics. The preparatory committees on Recombinant DNA, Astronomy, Space Science, Social Sciences and Archaeology, all became ESF ad hoc committees. | http://www.unodc.org/images/southeasterneurope//AdHocPSC_1.jpg | http://www.unodc.org/images/southeasterneurope//AdHocPSC_1.jpg | Milestone | ||||
27 | 1-Jan-1976 | EMRC becomes a Standing Committee of ESF | The EMRC (European Medical Research Councils) continues to pursue and initate its own activities while undertaking others at the request of ESF. | Milestone | ||||||
28 | 1-Jan-1976 | ESRC becomes a Standing Committee of ESF | The ESRC (European Science Research Councils) was established in 1972 and became a Standing Committee of the ESF in 1976, most of its members comprising ESF Member Organisations with an interest in natural sciences. Its secretariat is moved from Stockholm to Strasbourg in spring 1977. | Milestone | ||||||
29 | 21-Jan-1976 | 21-Jan-1976 | Concorde begins commercial flights | First flown in 1969, Concorde entered service in 1976 and continued commercial flights for 27 years. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/British_Airways_Concorde_G-BOAC_03.jpg/800px-British_Airways_Concorde_G-BOAC_03.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concorde | Significant Events | |||
30 | 1-Apr-1976 | 1-Apr-1976 | Apple Computer Company is formed by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak | Apple was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne on April 1, 1976 to develop and sell personal computers. It was incorporated as Apple Computer, Inc. on January 3, 1977, and was renamed as Apple Inc. on January 9, 2007 to reflect its shifted focus towards consumer electronics. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Apple_I.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Computer | The Apple I, Apple's first product, was sold as an assembled circuit board and lacked basic features such as a keyboard, monitor, and case. The owner of this unit added a keyboard and a wooden case. | Significant Events | ||
31 | 1-Sep-1976 | 1-Sep-1976 | The Ebolavirus first emerges in outbreaks of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in Zaire and Sudan | Ebola virus disease (EVD) or Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) is the human disease that may be caused by any of four of the five known ebola viruses. The name comes from the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where it was first found. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Ebola_virus_virion.jpg/800px-Ebola_virus_virion.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola | Electron micrograph of an Ebola virus virion | Significant Events | ||
32 | 1-Oct-1976 | 1-Oct-1976 | Richard Dawkins publishes The Selfish Gene | Clinton Richard Dawkins (born 26 March 1941) is an English ethologist, evolutionary biologist, and author. Dawkins came to prominence with his 1976 book The Selfish Gene, which popularised the gene-centred view of evolution and introduced the term meme. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a2/The_Selfish_Gene3.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Selfish_Gene | Significant Events | |||
33 | 1-Jun-1976 | 31-Dec-1981 | Astronomy Standing Committee is set up | The ESF Executive Council recommends that the working group on Astronomy becomes an ESF Standing Committee. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/600px-Crab_Nebula.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Crab_Nebula.jpg | A giant Hubble mosaic of the Crab Nebula, a supernova remnant | Milestone | ||
34 | 25-May-1977 | 25-May-1977 | Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope' is released | appears on screens worldwide. A 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas. It is the first installment in the Star Wars series. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/87/StarWarsMoviePoster1977.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Wars_(film) | Significant Events | |||
35 | 1-Sep-1977 | 31-Dec-1991 | Brain and Behaviour Research | A new Additional Activity was set up on European Brain and Behaviour Research ETPBBR, a programme created in 1969 by the OECD and transferred from The Hague to Strasbourg. The ETPBBR attempts to improve scientific standards in the domain and, in particular, provide the necessary international collaboration for such an interdisciplinary field. A scheme was therefore devised to put in place different types of grants - its activities included training awards, winter and summer schools, twinning and travel grants. The ETP ended its activities in December 1991 having provided valuable service in forging a commuity of European researchers in the neurosciences. | Milestone | |||||
36 | 1-Jan-1977 | ESF adopts IHES as an Additional Activity | The ESF adopted the international scientific programme of the Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES) as an 'Additional Activity' (a new instrument) to assist IHES in the preparation of the European Mathematical Federation. The ESF support would replace previous non-French contributions given on an ad hoc basis and thus secure a greater stability for the institute. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/IHES_main_building.jpg | Milestone | |||||
37 | 5-Sep-1977 | 5-Sep-1977 | Voyager 1 is launched into space | A 722-kilogram space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977 to study the outer Solar System. Operating for 36 years, 6 months and 28 days as of 2 April 2014, the spacecraft communicates with the Deep Space Network to receive routine commands and return data. At a distance of about 127.22 AU (1.903×1010 km) from the Earth as of 2 April 2014, it is the farthest man-made object from Earth. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Voyager.jpg/766px-Voyager.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyager_1 | Significant Events | |||
38 | 1-Nov-1977 | Two Standing Committees established | The 1977 Assembly decided to set up the Standing Committee for the Humanities, chaired by Professor Bengt Algot Soerensen (Denmark), and the Standing Committee for the Social Sciences, chaired by Professor Jean-Jacques Salomon (France). This was a recognition by the scientific community that both disciplines were an integral par of scientific endeavour. An efficient liaison between the two Standing Committees was put in place and the two chairmen would attend each other's meetings. In addition, joint membership of some sub-groups was envisaged. | Milestone | ||||||
39 | 31-Dec-1978 | European Neuroscience Association is founded | The ETP programme initiated the foundation of the European Neuroscience Association (ENA), a fully independent ans self-supporting umbrella organisation in the neurosciences. | Milestone | ||||||
40 | 1-Jan-1979 | Polymer Science | An ESF ad hoc Committee on Polymer Science was set up to further the work of the European community of polymer scientists. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Polyacetylene-3D-balls.png/800px-Polyacetylene-3D-balls.png | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_science | Ball and stick model of a section of a polymer chain of polyacetylene | Milestone | |||
41 | 1-Sep-1979 | Study on Mobility | The Commission of the European Communities (CEC) sponsored the ESF to carry out a study on mobility of researchers and employment opportunities for young scientists as part of its attempt to define a new common R&D policy to address the challenges that would rise in the 1980s. The subsequent report served as background information for a conference that would be organised by the CEC in Strasbourg in October 1980. | Milestone | ||||||
42 | 1-Sep-1979 | EMRC Secretariat transfers to Strasbourg | In order to allow for a better integration of EMRC affairs into ESF, it was decided to transfer the Secretariat to Strasbourg. | Milestone | ||||||
43 | 24-Dec-1979 | 24-Dec-1979 | First Ariane 1 launch | The first European launcher lifts off from the Centre Spatial Guyanais (Kourou, French Guyana) | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ariane_1_Le_Bourget_FRA_001.jpg/399px-Ariane_1_Le_Bourget_FRA_001.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariane_(rocket_family) | Ariane 1 mock-up (Photo taken at Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace, Le Bourget, France) | Significant Events | ||
44 | 1-Jan-1980 | 31-Dec-1986 | ESF New Logo | http://40years.esf.org/fileadmin/share_your_memories/ESF_Logos/1980-1986.png | Milestone | |||||
45 | 1-Jan-1980 | 31-Dec-1984 | Hubert Curien, President | Professor Hubert Curien (1924-2005) was one of the founders of the European Science Foundation, and its President from 1979 to 1984. He was a French physicist and key figure in European science politics, including positions of Director General of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and the French space agency. He was first chairman of the board of ESA from 1981 to 1984 and Presidents of Academia Europæa and the Fondation de France. Curien was the Minister of Research of France from 1984 to 1986 and from 1988 to 1993. He entered the French Academy of Sciences in 1994. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9365093814/in/set-72157634784599581 | European Science Foundation | Hubert Curien, France | People | ||
46 | 1-Jan-1980 | 31-Dec-1986 | John Goormaghtigh, Secretary General | Dr. John Goormaghtigh (1919-2003) was Secretary General of the ESF from 1979 until 1986. He received his Doctor of Laws from Brussels University in 1941. He was active in the resistance movement of the Second World War and from 1942 to 1945 as a political prisoner in Dachau, a period in his life that reinforced his belief that a truly international programme could help create a more tolerant and peaceful world and intercultural understanding. His professional activities included the directorship of the European Centre of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the International Political Science Association and the Centre for Research on International Institutions. He was Chairman of the Board of the International School in Geneva from 1964 to 1982 and Chairman of the International Baccalaureate Office. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9366097250/ | European Science Foundation | John Goormaghtigh, Belgium | People | ||
47 | 6-Jun-1980 | 6-Jun-1980 | Luis and Walter Alvarez with Frank Asaro and Helen Michels propose the Alvarez hypothesis | That hypothesis states that the mass extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by the impact of a large asteroid 66 million years ago, the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Impact_event.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cretaceous%E2%80%93Paleogene_extinction_event | Significant Events | |||
48 | 2-Sep-1980 | 2-Sep-1980 | First commercial MRI whole body scanner manufactured | Manufactured by Oxford Instruments for installation at Hammersmith Hospital, London. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/MRI-Philips.JPG/657px-MRI-Philips.JPG | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_resonance_imaging | Significant Events | |||
49 | 1-Jan-1981 | An ad hoc Committee on the European Geotraverse (EGT) is set up | Plans were made to set up a coordinated European study of the Earth's crust and upper mantle in different European countries, with a view to elaborating a description of the profile of a strip stretching from Northern Scandinavia to Northern Africa. | |||||||
50 | 1-Jan-1981 | The Academy of Finland | Finland is represented in the ESF with the admission of the Academy of Finland, making a total of 18 countries present with 47 Member Organisations. | Milestone | ||||||
51 | 7-Jan-1982 | 7-Jan-1982 | The Commodore 64 8-bit home computer is launched by Commodore International | Released in August, the Commodore 64, commonly called C64, C=64 (after the graphic logo on the case), occasionally CBM 64 (for Commodore Business Machines), or VIC-64, is an 8-bit home computer introduced in January 1982 by Commodore International. It became the all-time best-selling single personal computer model. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Commodore-64-Computer.png/800px-Commodore-64-Computer.png | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodore_64 | Significant Events | |||
52 | 14-Oct-1982 | 14-Oct-1982 | Halley's Comet: First spotted in the sky after 70 year return. | Halley's Comet or Comet Halley, officially designated 1P/Halley, is the best-known of the short-period comets and is visible from Earth every 75–76 years. Halley is the only short-period comet that is clearly visible to the naked eye from Earth, and the only naked-eye comet that might appear twice in a human lifetime. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Lspn_comet_halley.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet | Halley's Comet on 8 March 1986 | Significant Events | ||
53 | 1-Jan-1983 | New Member Organisation from Switzerland | The Conference of the Swiss Scientific Academies becomes the second Member Organisation from Switzerland represented in the ESF, bringing to 48 the total number of MOs. | Milestone | ||||||
54 | 1-Mar-1983 | ODP | The National Science Foundation (USA) proposed to the ESF that smaller European countries should join the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) under a consortium represented by a single umbrella organisation. | Milestone | ||||||
55 | 1-Jan-1984 | Danish Member Organisations change their administration | The six Member Organisations from Denmark are from now on administered by the Forskningssekretriatet. | Milestone | ||||||
56 | 17-Sep-1984 | Conference of Ministers | The ESF was invited to assist in the preparations for a conference of Ministers, held in Paris under the auspices of the Council of Europe. The ESF was asked to assess proposals for the strengthening of existing scientific "networks" in Europe. On the basis of ESF's report, the conference adopted a Resolution that retained 25 proposals. | Milestone | ||||||
57 | 1-Jan-1985 | 31-Dec-1990 | Eugen Seibold, President | Professor Eugen Seibold (1918- 2013) was President of ESF from 1985 to 1990 and President of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft from 1980 to 1985. He was first and foremost a passionate marine geologist, and as President of the ESF, during an era of both global and European change, he was a visionary who saw the implications these changes could have on European science. He placed great importance and emphasis on the need to attract young scientists so that European research would grow, as well as on the need for excellent communication and information through cooperation and common publications. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9362317521/in/set-72157634784599581 | European Science Foundation | Eugen Seibold, Germany | People | ||
58 | 1-Jan-1985 | Scientific Networks are introduced | The first ESF Scientific Networks were initiated in Longitudinal Studies on Individual Development; Earth Science Study Centres; Transport, Communications and Mobility; Polar Science and a History of European Expansion. There were three stages in the life of a Network: the preparatory stage where an exploratory workshop is held to determine whether the proposal is of serious interest; an initial two-year period (Phase 1) where the Network is financed by a seed fund for workshop and seminar activities; and a possible three-year extension (Phase 2) that includes workshops, project activities, fellowship schemes, laboratory and field experiments. | |||||||
59 | 1-Jan-1986 | 31-Dec-2005 | ESF New Logo | http://40years.esf.org/fileadmin/share_your_memories/ESF_Logos/1986-2005.png | Milestone | |||||
60 | 1-Jan-1986 | ENEA becomes the 49th Member Organisation of ESF | The Basic Intersectorial Technologies Department of the Italian Commission for Nuclear and Alternative Energy Sources (ENEA) joins the ESF, bringing the total number of Member Organisations to 49. | http://www.enea.it/en/logo.jpg | http://www.enea.it/ | Milestone | ||||
61 | 1-Jan-1986 | 1-Jun-1993 | Michael Posner, Secretary General | Michael Posner (1931-2006) was Secretary General from1986 to 1993. An eminent economist, he occupied various positions at Cambridge University from 1958 to 1978. He was member of numerous commissions in the UK (Energy and the Environment, under the chairmanship of Lord Flowers, the Bank of England, Treasury Committee on Policy Optimisation, Post Office British Railways Boards.) Before taking the helm of ESF, he was Chairman of the UK Social Science Research Council. During his term at the ESF, he persevered to persuade Member Organisations to increase their contributions to the ESF which he saw as an essential counterweight to the power of the European Commission to fund (and influence) research. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/11115257273/ | European Science Foundation | Michael Posner, United Kingdom | People | ||
62 | 1-Jun-1986 | ECOD becomes a full partner in the ODP | The ESF Consortium for Ocean Drilling (ECOD) becomes a full partner in the international Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) as well as a member of the Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling (JOIDES). Along with France, the Federal Republic of Germany and the UK, who are already full partners in the ODP, the presence of ECOD helps to ensure that Europe plays a significant role in this international programme. | Milestone | ||||||
63 | 6-Jul-1987 | 8-Jul-1987 | ESF hosts COSOD II in Strasbourg | On behalf of the European members of the ODP, the ESF hosted the Second Conference on Scioentific Ocean Drilling (COSOD II) in Strasbourg to review the achievements of the ODP and redeine its major objectives for the second half of the programme's lifespan (1990s to the end of the century). Around 340 participants from 20 countries were present. | Milestone | |||||
64 | 1-Jan-1988 | Norwegian Research Council for Applied Social Sciences joins ESF membership | The Norwegian Research Council for Applied Social Sciences is admitted to ESF membership. | Significant Events | ||||||
65 | 1-Jan-1988 | 31-Dec-1988 | CRAF an Associated Committee of ESF | An Expert Committee on Radio Astronomy Frequencies (CRAF) was set up to coordinate the radioastronomy case in Europe in discussions with the major public and private telecommunications agencies, to act as the European voice in concert with other groups of radio astronomers in discussions within the international bodies that allocate frequencies, to initiate and encourage scientific studies aimed at reducing interference at source, as well as the effects of interference. | Milestone | |||||
66 | 16-Dec-1988 | ESRF is created | An intergovernmental convention is signed on 16 December 1988 in Paris by the following 12 European countries : Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. On 12 January 1989, this signed convention results in the creation of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), the largest and most powerful source of synchrotron radiation in Europe. | https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7201/13577543024_8571a94183_b.jpg | European Science Foundation | Professor Hubert Curien signs the convention to launch the ESRF | Milestone | |||
67 | 1-Jan-1989 | Three new Member Organisations | Three new Member Organisations are admitted to ESF's membership: the Association of National Research Centres of the Federal Republic of Germany, the General Secretariat of the National Plan for Scientific Research and Technological Development in Spain, and the Icelandic Council of Science, which also brings a new country represented in the ESF. | Significant Events | ||||||
68 | 9-Nov-1989 | 9-Nov-1989 | Fall of the Berlin Wall | ended a period of tensions between the Eastern and Western parts of Europe. For scientists, the Cold War period was actually an opportunity to create fora where they could exchange views in a relatively relaxed manner (e.g. COSPAR in space sciences.) | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1990-0105-029%2C_Berlin%2C_Loch_in_Mauer_am_Reichstag.jpg/423px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1990-0105-029%2C_Berlin%2C_Loch_in_Mauer_am_Reichstag.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Wall | West Germans peer at East German border guards through a hole in the wall. 5 January 1990 | Significant Events | ||
69 | 1-Jan-1990 | Hungary is represented in the ESF | The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, together with the Institut Français pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER, France) and the Agricultural Research Council of Norway join ESF's membership, bringing the total number of Member Organisations to 56. | Milestone | ||||||
70 | 1-Jan-1990 | 1-Jan-1990 | EURESCO - the first ESF research conferences | Scientists had been urging the ESF to initiate a coherent European programme of research conferences in order to provide the European scientific community with a research tool comparable to that of the Gordon Conferences in the USA. The European research conference scheme was thus launched with the support of the Member Organisations and the European Commission. The first EURESCO Conference was held in Italy, followed by five others. A further 23 conferences were planned to take place in 1991. | Milestone | |||||
71 | 1-Jan-1990 | NuPECC is established | The Nuclear Physics European Collaboration Committee was set up as an Associated Committee of the ESF and became an ESF Expert Committee in 2000. Its aims are to strengthen European collaboration in nuclear physics, define a network of complementary facilities within Europe and encourage optimisation of their usage, provide a forum for the discussion of the provision of future facilities and instrumentation, issue recommendations on the development, organisation, and support of European nuclear physics, and of particular projects. | http://www.esf.org/fileadmin/Public_documents/Publications/ExpCttee_nupecc.pdf | European Science Foundation | Milestone | ||||
72 | 6-Apr-1990 | 6-Apr-1990 | The Human Genome Project is founded | The Human Genome Project (HGP) is an international scientific research project with the goal of determining the sequence of chemical base pairs which make up human DNA, and of identifying and mapping all of the genes of the human genome from both a physical and functional standpoint.It remains the worlds largest collaborative biological project. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Dna-split.png | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Genome_Project | DNA replication | Significant Events | ||
73 | 24-Apr-1990 | 24-Apr-1990 | The Space Shuttle Discovery places the Hubble Space Telescope into orbit | The Hubble Space Telescope is a space telescope that was carried into orbit by a Space Shuttle in 1990 and remains in operation. A 2.4-meter aperture telescope in low Earth orbit, Hubble's four main instruments observe in the near ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared spectra. The telescope is named after the astronomer Edwin Hubble. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/HST-SM4.jpeg/799px-HST-SM4.jpeg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope | The Hubble Space Telescope as seen from the departing Space Shuttle Atlantis, flying Servicing Mission 4 (STS-125), the fifth and latest human spaceflight to it. | Significant Events | ||
74 | 12-Nov-1990 | 12-Nov-1990 | Tim Berners-Lee publishes a more formal proposal for the World Wide Web | Sir Timothy John "Tim" Berners-Lee, (born 8 June 1955), also known as "TimBL," is a British computer scientist, best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web. He made a proposal for an information management system in March 1989, and he implemented the first successful communication between a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client and server via the Internet sometime around mid November. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Tim_Berners-Lee_2012.jpg/549px-Tim_Berners-Lee_2012.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee | Berners-Lee in 2012 | Significant Events | ||
75 | 13-Nov-1990 | 13-Nov-1990 | The first known web page is written | The World Wide Web (abbreviated as WWW or W3, commonly known as the web) is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them via hyperlinks. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/WorldWideWebAroundWikipedia.png/800px-WorldWideWebAroundWikipedia.png | Graphic representation of a minute fraction of the WWW, demonstrating hyperlinks | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web | Significant Events | ||
76 | 1-Jan-1991 | 31-Dec-1993 | Umberto Colombo, President | Professor Umberto Colombo (1927- 2006) was President from 1991-1993. He was an Italian chemical engineer, academic and the minister of universities, science and technology of Italy. He served as Minister of universities, science and technology from 1993 to 1994 and assumed various posts such as chairman of ENEA (Italian national agency for new technology, energy and the environment from) (1983-1993), chairman of the United Nations's advisory committee on science and technology for development (1984-1986) and president of the European institute research management association. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9365093792/in/set-72157634784599581 | European Science Foundation | Umberto Colombo, Italy | People | ||
77 | 1-Jan-1991 | 31-Dec-1991 | Poland joins the ESF | The Polish Academy of Sciences becomes a Member Organisation bringing the number of countries represented in the ESF to 21 | Milestone | |||||
78 | 15-Jun-1991 | 17-Jun-1991 | Language Typology | The first Plenary Conference on Language Typology was held in Il Giocco, Italy. This major event was attended by 98 linguists from 20 European countries, as well as scholars from Israel, the USA and Australia. | Milestone | |||||
79 | Nov 1991 | Nov 1991 | ESF and ICSU co-sponsor conference | A major conference 'An Agenda of Science for Environment and Development into the 21st Century' was held in Vienna, co-sponsored by ESF and ICSU, the aim of which was to provide an important input for the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) which was held in June 1992 in Brazil | Milestone | |||||
80 | 1-Jan-1992 | 30-Jun-1992 | EUROPROBE | Scientists working for the scientific programme 'EUROPROBE' made a proposal for an in-depth study of several lithosphere structures straddling Western and Eastern Europe from the Atlantic to the Urals | Milestone | |||||
81 | 1-Jun-1992 | 31-Oct-1992 | GRIP | By drilling down 3 kilometers into the ice, this project was able to extract ice cores that revealed the annual development of the Earth's climate, and man's impact on it, over half a million years. Drilling resumed in 1992 from a depth of 2321 meters reached in 1991 and progressed regularly until it reached bed at 3080 meters. Analysis of the ice core would enable environmental and climate history to be reconstructed back 200 000 years. This important scientific and technical achievement was reported extensively in the media. All the recovered ice core is stored in a new cold storage facility provided by the University of Copenhagen. | Milestone | |||||
82 | 1-Jun-1992 | 31-Dec-1992 | European Neuroscience Programme | The EMRC Member Organisations gave top priority to research into diseases of the human brain and the nervous system. The ENP programme is therefore based on European research collaborations on priority topics in neuroscience (molecular and cellular neurobiology). The programme allowed for 10 pre-doctoral fellowships of 3 years, European Research Grants, short-term fellowships, and one School per year. | Milestone | |||||
83 | 1-Jan-1992 | 31-Dec-1992 | Environment, Science and Society | This pioneering programme (ESS) addressed the fields of both the environment and the social sciences, encouraging the development of environmental economics at the European level, bringing together political scientists, lawyers and sociologists to study 'institutional responsiveness' to environmental challenges. The ESS was influential in the development of the CEC's programme on social and economic environmental research. | Milestone | |||||
84 | 1-Jun-1993 | 1-Jun-1998 | Peter Fricker, Secretary General | Professor Peter Fricker was Secretary General from 1993 to 1998. He gained his PhD in geology from the University of Zürich in 1959 and after several fellowships and academic positions in the USA (McGill, Stanford Universities, NASA) he became Secretary General of the Swiss National Science Foundation, a position he held from 1970 to 1992. Before taking up the direction at ESF, he was a member of its Executive Council on 2occasions, from 1975 to 1981 and 1998 to 1992. He was also chairman of the ESRC for 4 years when it became an ESF Standing Committee and chairman of the ESF working group 'European Geotraverse'. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9362317817/in/set-72157634784594527 | European Science Foundation | Peter Fricker, Switzerland | People | ||
85 | 1-Jan-1993 | 31-Dec-1993 | The Evolution of Chemistry in Europe | At the end of the 18th century, chemistry moved from being an 'alchimist's art' to a fully-fledged science. The programme studied 3 main themes in the historical development of chemistry: the role and importance of Lavoisier's nomenclatura; the change in the academic and social status of the chemist; and the contribution that chemistry has made to public health and welfare. | Milestone | |||||
86 | 1-Jan-1993 | 31-Dec-1993 | Relativistic Effects in Heavy Element Chemistry and Physics (REHE) | This scientific programme enables European scientists to share in the forthcoming developments in Relativistic Quantum Chemistry and Relativistic Molecular Physics, thus bringing togeter the expertise of workers in different branches of the field and thereby overcoming communication barriers. | Milestone | |||||
87 | 1-Jan-1994 | 31-Dec-1999 | Dai Rees, President | Sir Dai Rees served as President of ESF from 1994 to 1999, having previously chaired the ESF Standing Committee for the European Medical Research Councils (EMRC) from 1990 to 1994. He earned his doctorate from Edinburgh University in 1970. Dai was the Chief Executive of the UK Medical Research Council from 1987 until 1996, was a founder Director of the MRC Collaborative Centre in Mill Hill and Associate Director of the MRC Cell Biophysics Unit at Kings' College London. He held a number of positions at Unilever Research, eventually becoming Principal Scientist and Science Policy Executive. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9362318057/in/set-72157634784599581 | European Science Foundation | Dai Rees, United Kingdom | People | ||
88 | 1-Jan-1994 | 31-Dec-1994 | Beliefs in Government | Under the auspices of the Standing Committee for the Social Sciences, ESF's scientific programme on Beliefs in Government (BiG) studies the structure of, and changes in, the orientation of Western European states towards their liberal-democratic modes of government. The programme was the first example of a comparative European research study that relied entirely upon secondary analysis of data collected at the national level on public attitudes to government | Milestone | |||||
89 | 19-Sep-1994 | 19-Sep-1994 | Andrew Wiles proves Fermat's Last Theorem | Sir Andrew John Wiles, KBE, FRS (born 11 April 1953)[1] is a British mathematician and a Royal Society Research Professor at Oxford University, specializing in number theory. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Andrew_wiles1-3.jpg/449px-Andrew_wiles1-3.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Wiles | Significant Events | |||
90 | 1-Jan-1995 | 31-Dec-2012 | The ESRC splits into two Standing Committees | The Standing Committee for the European Science Research Councils divided into two new Standing Committees: the Life and Environmental Sciences Standing Committee, chaired by Professor Werner Rathmayer (Germany) and the Physical and Engineering Sciences Standing Committee, chaired by Professor Jens-Erik Fenstad (Norway). | Milestone | |||||
91 | 1-Jan-1995 | 31-Dec-1995 | Two new Member Organisations from Slovenia | Two new members join the ESF from Slovenia - the Slovenian Science Foundation and the Slovenian Academy of Sciences | Milestone | |||||
92 | 1-Jan-1995 | 31-Dec-1995 | Asian Studies | The ESF Asia Committee was set up to develop interdisciplinary collaborative projects in the broad field of Asian Studies. A post-doc fellowship programme was launched along with a scheme to support high quality workshops with an emphasis onn collaboration and joint initiatives with scholars and institutions from Asia and the USA | Milestone | |||||
93 | 1-Oct-1995 | EMaPS is setup by ESF and the European Commission | A forum for European marine and polar sciences arose from the concept of 'Grand Challenges' by the joint ESF-EC advisory panel ECOPS (the European Committee for Ocean and Polar Sciences) and in October 1995 the joint European Marine and Polar Science boards (EMaPS) were established as associated boards of the ESF. Their main objectives included to become the European voice for the European marine and polar research organisations and to facilitate cooperation between European research organisations involved in marine and polar sciences. A review of EMaPS in 1998 advocated a change in the terms of reference to encompass four principal objectives categorised as Forum, Strategy, Voice, Harmonisation. | Milestone | ||||||
94 | 1-Jan-1996 | 31-Dec-1996 | EPICA a project of complex logistics and scientific cooperation | Geographical location, ice thickness and climatology combine to make Antartica the storehouse of hte longest and most representative proxy data for the composition and temperature of ancient atmospheres. EPICA is the first 'Grand Challenge' identified by the European Committee for Ocean and Polar Sciences (ECOPS). It will help scientists answer key questions about environmental change, including whether climatic variations are always triggered by activities in the northern hemisphere and whether the stability of the climate over the last 10,000 years is an environmental anomoly. | Milestone | |||||
95 | 1-Jan-1996 | 31-Dec-1996 | ENHE | A joint intiative between the ESF, the European Commission and the World Health Organisation is put into operation to draw up a coherent European R&TD plan for presentation at the 1999 Intergovernmental Conference on Environment and Health. It focuses on identifying research priorities in support of policy formulation and on improvint the range of tools available for environmental health management. | Milestone | |||||
96 | 1-Jan-1997 | 31-Dec-1997 | "Star Wars II" | The battle to protect radio-astronomy against the corrupting effects of telecommunications satellites moved into a new orbit when the Associated Committee CRAF published the second edition of an influential handbook and radio emissions from satellites could drown out weaker cosmic signals | Milestone | |||||
97 | 1-Jan-1997 | 31-Dec-1997 | Cloning technologies are prohibited | The ESF's consultant on bioethics is involved in the formulation of a new protocol drafted by the Council's Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, specifying that the use of cloning technologies to create genetically identical human beings is prohibited | Milestone | |||||
98 | 1-Jan-1997 | 31-Dec-1997 | Plant Adaptation | A scientific programme which aims to take advantage of recent advances in the fields of ecology, genetics, molecular biology and physiology to study issues ranging from climactic adaptation and the genetic basis of adaptation through to understanding and quantifying natural selection | Milestone | |||||
99 | 1-Jan-1997 | 31-Dec-1997 | Stars and Stripes' | The ESF European Space Science Committee and the Space Studies Board of the US National Research Council carry out a joint study to identify lessons to be learnt from over 50 years of cooperation in space sciences and drew up a set of recommendations for improving future collaboration. The report of the study is published in 1998 and the findings presented to the European Space Agency and NASA. | Milestone | |||||
100 | 1-Mar-1998 | 31-Dec-1998 | New series of EURESCO Conferences | A new series of the successful EURESCO Conferences on 'Surface Engineering for the Protection of Metals and Alloys' - could contribute towards helping power plants and other industries in their combat of corrosion, a problem that costs them billions each year | Milestone | |||||
101 | 1-Jun-1998 | 31-Dec-2003 | Enric Banda becomes Secretary General | Professor Enric Banda was Secretary General of the ESF from 1998 to 2003. He completed his doctoral studies at the Federal Polytechnic School (ETH) in Zurich and received his PhD in physics from the University of Barcelona in 1979. During his active career he has been research professor at the Spanish National Research Council, director of the Earth Sciences Institute in Barcelona, secretary general of the Spanish National R&D Plan, Secretary of State for Universities and Research (1995), director of the Catalan Foundation for Research and Innovation and of the Catalan Institute for Advanced Studies, and director of innovation and environment at La Seda de Barcelona. Since 2009 he has been director of science, research and environment at “la Caixa” Foundation. | Milestone | |||||
102 | 1-Sep-1998 | 31-Dec-1998 | The Foundation expands its advisory role | Suggested research priorities to help alleviate the impact of environmental degradation on health were put together for the Third Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, due to be held in London in 1999. The proposals, jointly submitted by the ESF, WHO and the EC, drew on the expertise of more than 200 leading scientists, from neurologists to epidemiologists. | Milestone | |||||
103 | 27-May-1998 | 27-May-1998 | First "light" for the VLT | The first of the four units of Europe's Very Large Telescope starts to operate in Chile, in the Atacama desert, at the the European Southern Observatory 2nd observatory (Paranal). VLT is the world's most advanced optical instrument. ESO entered into force in 1962 and created the first observatory site in Chile (la Silla) in the mid-1960s. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Aerial_View_of_the_VLTI_with_Tunnels_Superimposed.jpg/800px-Aerial_View_of_the_VLTI_with_Tunnels_Superimposed.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very_Large_Telescope | The four Unit Telescopes that form the VLT together with the Auxiliary Telescopes | Significant Events | ||
104 | 1-Jun-1998 | 30-Sep-1998 | ESF-Industry agreement protects radio astronomy | A threat to radio astronomers' ability to study the births and deaths of stars and other interstellar events has been partly lifted following an agreement between ESF and its Associated Committee on Radio Astronomy Frequencies (CRAF) and one of the world's largest telecommunications company | Significant Events | |||||
105 | 1-Jan-1998 | 31-Dec-1998 | Musical Life in Europe | The complexities of European music and its evolution mirrored many of the developments of European society, notably growing internationalisation. The MLE research programme concentrates on the internationalisation of musical practices and tastes as well as resistance to the phenomenon as well as the rise of nationalism. | Milestone | |||||
106 | 1-Jan-1998 | 31-Dec-1999 | Exploratory Grant / Workshop Scheme in the Social Sciences | This grant scheme was set up to offer 'seed money' to social scientists to help build up and strengthen existing research contacts, to test innovative ideas and to develop potential research projects. | Milestone | |||||
107 | 1-Jan-1999 | 31-Dec-1999 | ESF celebrates its 25th Anniversary | http://40years.esf.org/fileadmin/share_your_memories/ESF_Logos/1999.png | Milestone | |||||
108 | 14-Jun-1999 | 15-Jun-1999 | Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health | During their third conference on Environment and Health, European Ministers agreed that the research priorities co-developed by the ESF, WHO and the EC within the Environment and Health Programme (ENHE) should be implemented, with particular reference to political behaviour in relation to health. | Milestone | |||||
109 | 21-Jun-1999 | EMaPS splits into the Marine Board and Polar Board | EMaPS becomes two separate boards: the Marine Board and the Polar Board. | |||||||
110 | 15-Oct-1999 | 15-Oct-1999 | ESSC-ESF in ESA Ministerial Council | The European Space Sciences Committee becomes the 'science 'observer' in the ESA Council at Ministerial level that met every 4-5 years. | Significant Events | |||||
111 | 20-Oct-1999 | 15-Nov-1999 | Transatlantic cooperation in transport | During a conference in the USA on 'Social Change and Sustainable Trnasport', social scientists from Europe and North America join forces to tackle the mounting problems facing their regions' transport systems. The conference is jointly funded by the ESF and the US National Science Foundation. | Milestone | |||||
112 | 25-Nov-1999 | First European Latsis Prize awarded in the field of 'Research and / or Innovation in Education' | Professor Jürgen Baumert, of the Max Planck Institute for Human Development in Berlin, Germany, was the recipient of the first European Latsis Prize, for his outstanding achievements in 'Research and / or Innovation in Education'. The European Latsis Prize, of a value of 100 000 Swiss Francs, was awarded by the Latsis Foundation, through the European Science Foundation, to a scientist or research group in recognition of outstanding and innovative contributions in a selected field of research. A different theme for the European LatsisPrize is identified each year in order that the prize reflects the importanceand breadth of activity of the ESF and thus scientific excellence. | http://www.presse.uni-wuerzburg.de/typo3temp/pics/44d5a5c4aa.jpg | Professor Jürgen Baumert | Milestone | ||||
113 | 1-Jan-2000 | 31-Dec-2005 | Reinder van Duinen, President | Reinder van Duinen was President of ESF from 2000 to 2005. At the start of his presidency, he was the President of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), one of ESF's Member Organisations in the Netherlands. He is a physicist by training and, prior to his position at NWO, he was first Head of the Space Division of Fokker Royal Aircraft Factories and then member of its Executive Board. Today he continues his independent consultancy business which he began in 2002. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9365094278/in/set-72157634784599581 | European Science Foundation | Reinder van Duinen, Netherlands | People | ||
114 | 1-Jan-2000 | 31-Dec-2000 | The EUROCORES Scheme is ready to be launched | EUROCORES - the European Science Foundation Collaborative Research Programmes - are ready to be launched. The scheme is set up to address the challenge of creating a system to fund research at the European level which can address emerging scientific priorities. It brings together national funding agencies, national research organisations and their analogues. The idea is to go a step further from organising scientific networks and programmes to developing a network of funding agencies in support of a defined area of priority research. | Milestone | |||||
115 | 15-Jun-2000 | Lisbon Agenda / Strategy 2000 | The Portuguese presidency of the EC set the goal of a European Research Area, along with the economic goal of setting aside 3% of GDP for R&D spending (never attained - the Lisbon Agenda is considered a failure now and 'replaced' by Europe 2020.) | Significant Events | ||||||
116 | 20-Sep-2000 | 22-Sep-2000 | Strasbourg hosts major conference on Research Infrastructures | More than 400 science policy makers and infrastrucutre providers and users from the research community met in Strasbourg. The event was jointly organised by the European Commission, the French Ministry of Education, Research and Technology, and the ESF. The main outcome of the conference was a statement from the conference's steering committee entitled 'Infrastructure declaration'. The declaration re-stated the importance of a research infrastructure for European research projects and emphasised that research infrastructures span a complex network of information activities and research facilities from machines to databases. | Milestone | |||||
117 | 23-Nov-2000 | 23-Nov-2000 | European Latsis Prize 2000 'Molecular Structure' | Professor Kenneth Holmes, Director of the Max-Planck Institut für medizinische Forschung in Heidelberg, Germany, was awarded the European Latsis Prize for his outstanding contributions to structural biology, studies of great scientific and social signficance for European progress. | http://www.ucol.mx/acerca/coordinaciones/cgic/si/muscular/fotos/personajes/holmes.JPG | Professor Kenneth Holmes | Significant Events | |||
118 | 25-Nov-2000 | 30-Nov-2000 | Towards a European Research Area | In its response to the European Commission's communication 'Towards a European Research Area' the ESF calls for a new commitment to basic research in Europe. It is imperative that the ERA covers the whole spectrum of research from the humanities to high energy physics. The ESF advocates a single European patenting system to encourage th flow of information and the development of innovation. | Milestone | |||||
119 | 1-Dec-2000 | 1-Dec-2000 | Policy on Animal Experimentation | A high level expert group is set up to review a series of key topics of considerable ethical concern under the heading of 'Biology and Society'. The first of these studies looked at the use of animal experiments and set out a series of balanced and reasonable policy recommendations. | Milestone | |||||
120 | 1-Dec-2000 | 31-Dec-2000 | Functional Genomics | Following the exponentially growing amount of genomic sequence data from the human genome project and other related projects, the challenge is to unravel gene functions from DNA sequence information. This new discipline is known as 'functional genomics' and the programme brings together a wide range of functional genomics experts and covers experimental and in silico domains. | Milestone | |||||
121 | 1-Jan-2001 | 1-Jan-2001 | The first draft of the human genome is completed | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Karyotype.png/557px-Karyotype.png | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genome | Significant Events | ||||
122 | 22-Nov-2001 | European Latsis Prize 2001 'Climate Research' | Professor André Berger, of the Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics Georges Lemaitre of the Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium, is awarded the European Latsis Prize for his outstanding contributions to the understanding of the Ice Age climate. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/AB_pic.jpg/689px-AB_pic.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Berger | Professor André Berger | Significant Events | |||
123 | 26-May-2002 | ESF's website gets a facelift | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9365678044/ | European Science Foundation | Milestone | |||||
124 | 28-Nov-2002 | European Latsis Prize 2002 'Cognitive Sciences' | Professor Annette Karmiloff-Smith, Head of the Neurocognitive Development Unit at the Institute of Child Health of the University of London, is awarded the European Latsis Prize for her outstanding contribution to the understanding of cognitive and language development in children with genetic disorders. | http://www.iupsys.net/dotAsset/73ec55d8-6c45-4265-8ffb-c76dd1b9fa7b.png | M. Huizinga, Amsterdam | Professor Annette Karmiloff-Smith | Significant Events | |||
125 | 1-Jan-2003 | The EUROCORES Scheme is launched | An instrument which promotes collaborative research in Europe with an absolute bottom-up approach. | http://youtu.be/DGhc5ybyTpc | European Science Foundation | Milestone | ||||
126 | 1-Jul-2003 | ESF and COST | COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) supports cooperation among scientists and researchers across Europe. In July 2003 a contract was signed with the European Commission whereby the ESF becomes the implementing agent for COST. | http://www.le-notre.org/public/images/elf/cost-esf-logo2.jpg | Milestone | |||||
127 | 27-Nov-2003 | European Latsis Prize 2003 'Archaeology' | Professor Colin Renfrew of the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research of the University of Cambridge (UK), is awarded the European Latsis Prize for his outstanding contribution to the understanding of early European culture and history. | http://shanghaiarchaeologyforum.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/colin-renfrew-photo.jpg | Professor Colin Renfrew | Significant Events | ||||
128 | 28-Nov-2003 | Setting up the EURYI Scheme | This award scheme is a precursor to the European Research Council's Starting Grant scheme. | Milestone | ||||||
129 | 1-Jan-2004 | 28-Feb-2007 | Bertil Andersson, Chief Executive | Professor Bertil Andersson was Chief Executive of the ESF from 2004 to 2007. He received his BSc and MSc at Umeå University and his PhD and DSc at Lund University. He started his research career at Lund University, after which he became a Professor of Biochemistry at Stockholm University, Sweden, in 1986. From 1996 to 1999, he served as the Dean of the Faculty of Chemical Sciences at Stockholm University. In 1999, Andersson became the Rector (President) of Linköping University, Sweden, where he served until the end of 2003. In 2007 he was apponted Rector for the Nanyang Technological University in Singapore and in 2012 was made President of NTU. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9362317683/in/set-72157634784594527 | European Science Foundation | Bertil Andersson, Sweden | People | ||
130 | 18-Nov-2004 | European Latsis Prize 2004 'Bioinformatics' | Professor Amos Bairoch from the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics in Geneva, is awarded the European Latsis Prize for his fundamental pioneering contribution to the development of bioinformatics. | http://web.expasy.org/images/people/Amos_Bairoch.jpg | Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics | Professor Amos Bairoch | Significant Events | |||
131 | 1-Jan-2005 | 31-Dec-2006 | ESF New Logo | http://40years.esf.org/fileadmin/share_your_memories/ESF_Logos/2005-2006.png | Milestone | |||||
132 | 1-Sep-2005 | Strasbourg road signs indicate the ESF | Bertil Andersson convinced the local authorities that road signs indicating the ESF be installed at strategic road junctions near to Quai Lezay-Marnésia. | http://www.esf.org/fileadmin/share_your_memories/2000s/10-03-2014_10-28-34.png | Milestone | |||||
133 | 24-Nov-2005 | European Latsis Prize 2005 'Nano-engineering' | Professor Donal Bradley, from Imperial College London, UK, is awarded the European Latsis Prize for his pioneering contributions to the development of conjugated polymers and related molecular semiconductors as materials with widesprread application potential. | https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3693/13536492653_b9a541de89_z.jpg | European Science Foundation | Professor Donal Bradley | Significant Events | |||
134 | 5-Dec-2005 | 2-Dec-2005 | European Social Survey (ESS) awarded the Descartes Research Prize | The five winners of the 1million euro 2005 Descartes Research Prize were announced at a ceremony at the Royal Society in London on 2 December, and included the first team of social scientists to be recognised with the EU's highest scientific honour. The European Social Survey (ESS), led by Professor Roger Jowell from City University London, developed a unique scientific methodology for mapping changes in social attitudes and behaviour in 26 European countries, providing an authoritative source of EU data for academics and policy makers. The other four Descartes Laureates were drawn from the fields of materials science, climate change, astronomy and disease management. | Milestone | |||||
135 | 1-Jan-2006 | 31-Dec-2010 | ESF New Logo | http://40years.esf.org/fileadmin/share_your_memories/ESF_Logos/2006-2010.png | Milestone | |||||
136 | 1-Jan-2006 | 31-Dec-2011 | Ian Halliday, President | Professor Ian Halliday served as ESF President from 2006 to 2011. He obtained his PhD in Physics from Cambridge University in 1964. After two years as an instructor at Princeton University he returned to the UK in 1966, first at Christ's College Cambridge, Imperial College as Professor of Theoretical Physics and Swansea University where he was Dean of the Graduate School (1993-1998). He was appointed Chief Executive of the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council in 1998 and remained in that post until 2005 when he retired. During this time he was the UK delegate for the CERN Council and is a Fellow of both the Institute of Physics and the Royal Society of Edinburgh. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9362317901/ | European Science Foundation | Ian Halliday, United Kingdom | People | ||
137 | 1-Jan-2006 | 30-Sep-2006 | 3rd EURYI Award Ceremony | 25 young researchers from across Europe meet in the Czech Republic to receive their diplomas and a guarantee of project funding for as much as 1.25 M Euros for research that has the potential to have a significant impact on our everyday lives. Nobel laureate Torsten Wiesel presented the awards. | Significant Events | |||||
138 | 1-Jan-2006 | 31-Dec-2006 | EuroQUASAR | The EUROCORES programme EuroQUASAR builds on European expertise to develop a new generation of quantum standards with unprecended performance, using latest developments such as quantum metrology and novel techniques of quantum engineering. EuroQUASAR will help pave the way to achieve optical clocks and inertial sensors of record precision as well as novel fundamental tests based on atomic and molecular quantum systems with well defined, unique and perpetual features. | Milestone | |||||
139 | 19-Oct-2006 | 20-Oct-2006 | European Forum on Nanoscience | The European Forum on Nanoscience is jointly organised by ESF, COST, STOA (European Parliament) and the ERA-NET Consortium on Nanoscience in the European Research Area in Brussels. The Forum aims to explore the wide range of new possibilities, underlining the international and disciplinary character of the field. | Milestone | |||||
140 | 1-Nov-2006 | 30-Nov-2006 | Navigating the Future III | The Marine Board (ESF expert committee) publishes the position paper 'Navigating the Future III' which summarises thematic priorities for marine research for future national strategies within the context of developments of the future European Maritime Policy. | Milestone | |||||
141 | 30-Nov-2006 | 30-Nov-2006 | European Latsis Prize 2006 'Immigration and Social Cohesion in Modern Societies' | Professor Rainer Bauböck from the Institute of European Integration Research in Austria, is awarded the European Latsis Prize for his contribution and in-depth research on migration issues. | http://eudo-citizenship.eu/docs/images/RB%20pic.jpg | EUDO Observatory on Citizenship | Professor Rainer Bauböck | Significant Events | ||
142 | 1-Dec-2006 | 31-Dec-2006 | EuroBioForum | EuroBioFund is an initative hosted by the ESF and funded by the EC 6th Framework Programme to facilitate the development of research programmes for emerging areas in the life sciences. The first annual EuroBioForum is held in Helsinki in December 2006. | Milestone | |||||
143 | 1-Feb-2007 | 28-Feb-2007 | European Launch of International Polar Year | The launch of the International Polar Year (IPY) marks the start of one of the largest and most ambitious globally-coordinated scientific efforts in the last half century. Policy makers and leading scientists from various fields met at the European Parliament in Strasbourg to discuss how the international scientific community could address the serious global threat of climate change, and explain why polar science is crucial to understanding how our planet works. | Milestone | |||||
144 | 1-Apr-2007 | 31-Dec-2007 | John Marks, Chief Executive | Dr. John Marks joined the ESF in 2004 as Director of Science and Strategy and in 2007 became Chief Executive on the departure of Bertil Andersson to Singapore. He holds a PhD in experimental low temperature physics from Leiden University. Before joining ESF, he was Director of Earth and Life Sciences at the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. From 1981 to 1998 he worked in the Netherlands’ Ministry of Education, Culture and Science in various positions in the field of Science Policy, including the responsiblity for setting up of a science foresight exercise for the government. From 1992 to 1993 he was acting Executive Director of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, based in Stockholm. He has been involved in a wide range of science policy activities at the international level. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9365094078/in/set-72157634784594527 | European Science Foundation | John Marks, Netherlands | People | ||
145 | 1-Jun-2007 | Making of the ERC | The European Research Council is officially launched in Berlin. The ERC is advocated by a number of actors, including the ESF, and finally implemented under the European Commissions 7th Framework Programme. This act probably bore the seeds of ESF's current evolution, amongst other factors. | Significant Events | ||||||
146 | 16-Sep-2007 | 19-Sep-2007 | First World Conference on Research Inttegrity | In an effort to address the urgent need to fight fraud, forgery and plagiarism in science world-wide, the first World Conference on Research Integrity is held in Lisbon, Portugal from 16 to 19 September 2007 to facilitate an unprecedented global effort to foster responsible research, organised jointly by the ESF and the US Office for Research Integrity (ORI), bringing together over 300 participants from 52 countries. | Milestone | |||||
147 | an ESF Expert Committee on Material Sciences and Engineering is set up. Its aims are to produce a scientific forecast report within three years of operation on the future research challenges to Materials Science and Engineering and related research activities and to make strategic and science policy recommendations to th ESF and to external European bodies. | |||||||||
148 | 11-Oct-2007 | 12-Oct-2007 | Humans in Outer Space | The ESF, the European Space Agency and the European Space Policy Institute co-host a conference in Vienna on 11-12 October 2007 to discuss human presence in space from non-traditional perspectives. The conference 'Humans in outer space - interdisciplinary odysseys' gave guiding insight into how - once we find a way to survive in outer space - we will also face issues that can be addressed in light of modern understanding of historical events. The conclusions are documented in a position paper entitled 'Vienna Vision on Humans in Outer Space'. | Milestone | |||||
149 | 29-Nov-2007 | Professor Willi Kalendar, Director of the Institute of Medical Physics at the Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany, is awarded the European Latsis Prize for his outstanding contribution to medical imaging. | http://www.uzh.ch/about/portrait/awards/hc/2011/med-1/Kalender.jpg | Universität Zürich | Professor Willi Kalender | Significant Events | ||||
150 | 1-Dec-2007 | 30-Dec-2007 | Nobel Peace Prize for IPCC | Awarding the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize to the Intergovrnmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) not only demonstrates a remarkable commitment to the dedication of the worldwide experts' efforts in climate change research, but also highlights the spirit of collaboration avidly embraced by the ESF since 1974. | Milestone | |||||
151 | 1-Jan-2008 | 31-Dec-2011 | Marja Makarow, Chief Executive | Professor Marja Makarow was Chief Executive of the ESF from 2008 until 2011. Prior to this, she was Vice-Rector for Research of the University of Helsinki, and Professor of Applied Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, also at the University of Helsinki. She was an advisor to the Finnish Government in the Council for Research and Innovation Policy, and to the European Commission in the European Research Area Board. She was President of the European Molecular Biology Conference and member of the Council of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory EMBL. The Rector of the University of Helsinki mandated her to create FIMM with its national partnerships and membership in the Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, the Board of which she chaired during its first three years. She chaired one of the European Research Council Starting Grant panels and served as expert for research funding organisations in Europe and beyond. On leaving the ESF, she returned to Helsinki and became Vice President for Research at the Academy of Finland . | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9362317735/ | European Science Foundation | Marja Makarow, Finland | People | ||
152 | 1-Jan-2008 | 31-Dec-2010 | CAREX - Life in Extreme Environments | Under the EU's Framework Programme projects, the ERA-NET scheme promotes the coordination and cooperation of national and regional programmes so as to overcome the traditional fragmentation of research efforts in the EU. The ESF is involved in a number of the ERA-NET programmes, for example, CAREX. The aims of this project are to strengthen the structure of the community involved in research in Europe on life in extreme environments by catalysing networking, interactions and exchange of best practices as well as to further the knowledge of life in extreme environments by developing a strategic research agenda for Europe in this field. | Milestone | |||||
153 | 1-May-2008 | 31-May-2008 | Marine Board Forum 'Marine Data, Marine Transport Challenges - from observation to information' | The first Marine Board Forum takes place at the newly inaugurated Marine Board offices in Ostend (Belgium). The Forum brought together directors and representatives of the leading European marine observation and data centres, researchers, national and European policy-makers and data-users from the marine transport and offshore industry sectors to discuss the main challenges in the development of pan-European marine observation. | Milestone | |||||
154 | 27-Nov-2008 | European Latsis Prize 2008 'Astrophysics' | Professor Simon White, Director at the Max-Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Germany, is awarded the European Latsis Prize for his outstanding contribution to the field of Astrophysics. | http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/~swhite/SWHITE.jpg | mpa-garching.mpg.de | Professor Simon D.M. White | Significant Events | |||
155 | 1-Jan-2009 | MatSEEC | An ESF Expert Committee on Material Sciences and Engineering is set up. Its aims are to produce a scientific forecast report within three years of operation on the future research challenges to Materials Science and Engineering and related research activities and to make strategic and science policy recommendations to th ESF and to external European bodies. | http://www.esf.org/fileadmin/Public_documents/Publications/ExpCttee_matseec.pdf | Significant Events | |||||
156 | 1-Mar-2009 | 31-Mar-2009 | EMRC Position Paper on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes | All the recommendations expressed in the document 'Proposal for a Directive on the Protection of Animals used for Scientific Purposes' were integrated in the draft directive and were endorsed by a large majority of the Members of the European Parliament. | Milestone | |||||
157 | 10-Sep-2009 | 11-Sep-2009 | Responses to and Societal Challenges for our Unstable Earth (RESCUE) | A conference launching the joint ESF/COST intitiative was held on 10-11 September 2009 in Rueil-Malmaison, France. The RESCUE programme which is interdisciplinary, will help address the societal and scientific challenges related to global change, including the human dimension, to stimulate an integrated response from natural, social and human sciences to such challenges. | Milestone | |||||
158 | 19-Nov-2009 | European Latsis Prize 2009 'The Human Brain - The Human Mind' | Professor Chris Frith and Professor Uta Frith of University College London, UK, are awarded the European Latsis Prize for their unique contribution, both individually and as a team, to understanding the human mind and brain. | https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2898/13536497083_8e3ef4a7fc_z.jpg | European Science Foundation | Professor Chris & Professor Uta Frith | Significant Events | |||
159 | 5-Jul-2009 | Lund Declaration | in view of the 'Grand Challenges' of the European Knowledge Society. | https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/4802433/the-lund-declaration-se2009eu | Significant Events | |||||
160 | 1-Jan-2010 | 31-Dec-2013 | ESF New Logo | http://40years.esf.org/fileadmin/share_your_memories/ESF_Logos/2013.png | Milestone | |||||
161 | 1-Jan-2010 | 31-Dec-2010 | Nanoscience and Engineering in Superconductivity | The research networking programme (NES) achieved a tripartite link with the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and the US National Science Foundation. The VORTEX series of research conferences in superconductivity provide a major focus for the NES community, with 130 participants from 25 countries. | Milestone | |||||
162 | 1-May-2010 | 31-May-2010 | Global Science Forum | A workshop organised by the EMRC Standing Committee facilitated cooperation between the German and Spanish governments and OECD, resulting in the OECD Global Science Forum which proposed the setting up of a working group to facilitate cooperation in international non-commercial clinical trials. The first workshop was held in Madrid in May 2010 under the Spanish EU presidency. | Milestone | |||||
163 | 1-Jul-2010 | 31-Jul-2010 | European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity | The European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity was launched in July 2010 on the occasion of the second World Conference on Research Integrity, held in Singapore. | Milestone | |||||
164 | 17-Nov-2010 | European Latsis Prize 2010 'Biodiversity' | Professor Ilkka Hanski of the University of Helsinki, Finland, is awarded the European Latsis Prize for his contributions to research concerning biodiversity, and on metapopulation biology in particular. | http://www.esf.org/typo3temp/pics/c60042d25d.jpg | European Science Foundation | Professor lkka Hanski | Significant Events | |||
165 | 22-Nov-2010 | 26-Nov-2010 | Water scarcity and pollution | A strategic workshop on how to account for water scarcity and pollution in the rules of international trade was held on 22-26 November 2010 in Amsterdam. It brought together leading experts in the areas of water and natural resources management, international trade and sustainable development, together with key policy makers, thus providing an interdisciplinary platform to share and integrate knowledge between the hitherto unconnected water conservation and trade communities. | Milestone | |||||
166 | 1-Dec-2010 | 31-Dec-2010 | ESF Forward Look 'European Food Systems in a Changing World | The final report from the joint ESF/COST Forward Look initiative was considered to be a valuable policy tool. Further contacts were established with the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nationals who acknowledged the approach represented in the report. | Milestone | |||||
167 | 23-Nov-2011 | European Latsis Prize 2011 'Demography' | Professor James W. Vaupel of the Max-Planck Institute for Demographic Research in Rostock, Germany, is awarded the European Latsis Prize for his contributions to research on ageing and lifespan, and his profound influence on demographic research. | https://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/13536393735/ | European Science Foundation | Professor James W. Vaupel | Significant Events | |||
168 | 1-Jan-2012 | Martin Hynes, Chief Executive | Martin Hynes became Chief Executive of the European Science Foundation in January 2012. Martin has a long standing association with the ESF, having previously occupied the position of Chair of Finance and Audit Committee. An Engineering and MBA Graduate, he has considerable commercial experience and also worked for several years in product line management with Westinghouse Electric. Prior to taking up the leadership at ESF, he was Director of the Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering and Technology (IRCSET), one of ESF's Member Organisations, and in this role he implemented a number of innovative funding schemes with a special focus on early career researchers. He was formerly Senior Science Advisor with Science Foundation Ireland and a Senior Policy Analyst with Forfás, the national policy and advisory board for enterprise, trade, science, technology and innovation. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9362317827/ | European Science Foundation | Martin Hynes, Ireland | People | |||
169 | 1-Jan-2012 | Pär Omling, President | Pär Omling has been President of ESF since January 2012, and is also Vice President of Science Europe. He obtained his PhD in Physics from Lund University in 1983. After his post-doc at Berkeley (USA) he returned to Lund and was appointed Full Professor in solid state physics in 1996. In 2001 he was appointed Director General of the Swedish Research Council, a position he remained in for 10 years. Omling and has been deeply involved in national and international research policy since the early 1990s and in 2009 played a key role in the Lund Declaration, which today is viewed as one of the cornerstones in the formation of the EU framework programmes on research and innovation. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeansciencefoundation/9365094162/ | European Science Foundation | Pär Omling, Sweden | People | |||
170 | 4-Jul-2012 | 4-Jul-2012 | Higgs boson is discovered at CERN (confirmed to 99.999% certainty) | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Candidate_Higgs_Events_in_ATLAS_and_CMS.png/461px-Candidate_Higgs_Events_in_ATLAS_and_CMS.png | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_boson | Significant Events | ||||
171 | 1-Aug-2012 | 31-Aug-2012 | Junior Water Summit | The ESF organised an interdisciplinary junior summit 'Water: unite and divide. Interdisciplinary approaches for a sustainable future' in Streas, Italy. A special issue on the summit was published in the Journal of Water Resource and Protection, an international peer-reviewed and open access journal. | Milestone | |||||
172 | 1-Oct-2012 | 31-Dec-2015 | Standing Committees cease to exist and are replaced by Scientific Review Groups (SRGs) | The SRGs support the ESF and the Chief Executive in the evaluation of scientific tasks linked to the continuation and winding down of running programmes. | Milestone | |||||
173 | 22-Nov-2012 | European Latsis Prize 2012 'Mathematics' | Professor Uffe Haagerup of the University of Copenhagen, Denmark, is awarded the European Latsis Prize for his outstanding research in mathematics and in particular in operator algebras. | http://www.science.ku.dk/finansiering/euh2020/haagerup.jpg | University of Copenhagen | Professor Uffe Haagerup | Significant Events | |||
174 | 1-Jan-2013 | 31-Dec-2013 | European Reference Index for the Humanities | The Norwegian National Council offered to provide the maintenance of ERIH lists as a part of the Norwegian National Social Science Data Service which is located in Bergen. | Milestone | |||||
175 | 15-Feb-2013 | 15-Feb-2013 | A 10-ton meteoroid impacts Chelyabinsk, Russia, injuring over 1,200 people. | The Chelyabinsk meteor was a near-Earth asteroid that entered Earth's atmosphere over Russia on 15 February 2013 at about 09:20 YEKT (03:20 UTC), with a speed of 19.16 +/- 0.15 kilometres per second (42,900 mph or 69,000 km/h), almost 60 times the speed of sound. It quickly became a brilliant superbolide meteor over the southern Ural region. The light from the meteor was brighter than the Sun, even at 100 km distance. It was observed over a wide area of the region and in neighbouring republics. Eyewitnesses also felt intense heat from the fireball. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/2_Cheljabinsk_meteorite_fragment.jpg/280px-2_Cheljabinsk_meteorite_fragment.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_Russian_meteor_event | Significant Events | |||
176 | 13-Mar-2013 | 13-Mar-2013 | The Atacama Large Millimeter Array becomes operational in Chile. | The Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) is an astronomical interferometer of radio telescopes in the Atacama desert of northern Chile. Consisting of 66 12 metres and 7 metres diameter radio telescopes observing at millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelengths, ALMA is expected to provide insight on star birth during the early universe and detailed imaging of local star and planet formation. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Still_from_2012_ALMA_Video_Compilation.jpg/800px-Still_from_2012_ALMA_Video_Compilation.jpg | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atacama_Large_Millimeter_Array | Significant Events | |||
177 | 1-May-2013 | 31-May-2013 | European Month of the Brain | A meeting was organised jointly by the European Brain Council, ESF and the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies at the European Parliament in Brussels to launch the ESF-FENS strategic report 'The Human Brain - from Cells to Society: Towards Better Mental Health in Europe' | Milestone | |||||
178 | 1-Oct-2013 | 31-Oct-2013 | Kick-off of the Graphene Flagship | The Graphene Flagship, one of the European Commission's 10-year, 1,000 million Euro FET flagships, officially started on 1 October 2013. Its mission is to take the new material graphene and related layered materials from academic laboratories and revolutionize multiple industries, thus creating economic growth in Europe. The ESF is a Flagship consortium partner in the 30-month ramp-up phase in the FP7 programme. | Milestone | |||||
179 | 1-Jan-2014 | 31-Dec-2014 | ESF celebrates its 40th Anniversary | A celebration of ESF's 40 years will take place in Strasbourg on 15 -16 May 2014. We wish to highlight the collaboration with our Member Organisations who have enabled us to support science across a wide spectrum of activities in all disciplines and through its coordinating role over the years, including instruments such as scientific network programmes, exploratory workshops or research conferences. | http://40years.esf.org/typo3temp/pics/E_e86fe68f24.png | Milestone |
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