Professor Richard Ellis CBE FRS

For motivating numerous advances in telescopes and instrumentation, and exploited these facilities to revolutionise the understanding of cosmological evolution.

Dr Stephen West FMedSci FRS

For discovering and determining the function of the key enzymes that are essential for recombination, repair and the maintenance of genomes.

Professor Geoffrey Hinton CC FRS

For pioneering work on algorithms that learn distributed representations in artificial neural networks and their application to speech and vision, leading to a transformation of the international information technology industry.

Professor Michael Green FRS

For crucial and influential contributions to the development of string theory over a long period, including the discovery of anomaly cancellation.

For the discovery of foetal DNA in maternal plasma, developing non-invasive prenatal testing, and making foundational contributions for other types of liquid biopsies. He has made a major impact on pre-natal diagnosis.

Sir Colin Humphreys CBE FREng FRS

For excelling in basic and applied science, university-industry collaboration, technology development and transfer, academic leadership, promotion of public understanding of science, and advising on science to public bodies.

He has been at the forefront of research in fluid mechanics. As an applied mathematician he has consistently developed highly original analysis of key natural and industrial processes.

She has elucidated molecular mechanisms underlying seasonal timing in plants, thus discovering fundamental processes of plant developmental timing and the epigenetic basis of vernalizatio

He extended knowledge of liquid crystals and applied this successfully to invent novel LCDs. He developed commercial diabetes test strips, which have revolutionised the control and therefore the lives of diabetics worldwide

For her pioneering work on structural biology improving the understanding of proteins, their interactions and functional regulation.

For identifying and characterising assembled tau protein and alpha-synuclein and showing that they form the inclusions of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.

For her leading research on the reduction of combustion, aerodynamic noise and the design of aircraft, and her distinguished services to engineering.

For his contributions to our understanding of volcanoes, including evaluating their risks and mitigating their hazards

for his research on morphogenesis and pattern formation that led to the concept of positional information in embryonic development.

Shankar Balasubramanian and David Klenerman

For their co-development of DNA sequencing techniques transforming biology and genomic medicine.

For his major contributions to laser physics and the development of the field of attosecond science

Peter Grant and Rosemary Grant

For their research on the ecology and evolution of Darwin’s finches on the Galapagos, demonstrating that natural selection occurs frequently and that evolution is rapid as a result

For his research on surface antigens of normal and leukaemic cells that defined the cellular lineage of different leukaemias and led to procedures now in routine clinical use

For his pioneering work within catalytic chemistry, in particular on single-site heterogeneous catalysts, which have had a major impact on green chemistry, clean technology and sustainability

For her innovative work within the field of mouse embryology and development, establishing the pathways involved in early body planning of the mammalian embryo

For his major advances and discoveries of new forms of matter and materials, in particular the development of chiral liquid crystals

For her pivotal contribution in observing, analysing & understanding pulsars, one of the most important astronomical discoveries of the 20th century.

Christopher Llewellyn Smith

For his major contributions to the development of the Standard Model, particularly his success in making the case for the building the LHC.