4892 | 4892 | ORDER | ORDER GRUIFORMES | PHY | Long recognized to be an artificial assemblage of taxa, the core Gruiformes is now restricted to flufftails, finfoots, rails, trumpeters, cranes, and Limpkin (Hackett et al. 2008; Prum et al. 2015). | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4893 | 4893 | Family | Finfoots | Family Heliornithidae | PHY | The finfoots (Heliornithidae) and flufftails (Sarothruridae) are sister taxa (Hackett et al. 2008). | ||
4894 | 4894 | Genus | Podica | Lesson, RP, 1831 | ||||
4895 | 4895 | Species | African Finfoot | Podica senegalensis | (Vieillot, 1817) | AF : widespread | ||
4896 | 4896 | ssp | P. s. camerunensis | Sjöstedt, 1893 | s Cameroon to DR Congo | |||
4897 | 4897 | ssp | P. s. petersii | Hartlaub, 1852 | Angola to Mozambique s to South Africa | |||
4898 | 4898 | ssp | P. s. senegalensis | (Vieillot, 1817) | Gambia and Senegal to Nigeria and Ethiopia to n DR Congo, Uganda and nw Tanzania | |||
4899 | 4899 | ssp | P. s. somereni | Chapin, 1954 | Kenya and ne Tanzania | |||
4900 | 4900 | Genus | Heliopais | Sharpe, 1893 | ||||
4901 | 4901 | Species | Masked Finfoot | Heliopais personatus | (Gray, GR, 1849) | OR : ne India and se Asia | ||
4902 | 4902 | Genus | Heliornis | Bonnaterre, 1791 | ||||
4903 | 4903 | Species | Sungrebe | Heliornis fulica | (Boddaert, 1783) | MA, SA : se Mexico to ne Argentina | ||
4904 | 4904 | Blank | ||||||
4905 | 4905 | Family | Flufftails & Forest Rails | Family Sarothruridae | PHY | The flufftails (Sarothruridae) and extinct adzebills (Aptornithidae) are sister taxa related in turn to finfoots (Heliornithidae) (Hackett et al. 2008; Boast et al. 2019). | ||
4906 | 4906 | Genus | Mentocrex | Peters, JL, 1932 | PHY, TAX | Move both (9.2) Madagascan wood rails from unrelated Canirallus to Mentocrex (Boast et al. 2019). | ||
4907 | 4907 | Species | Madagascar Forest Rail | Mentocrex kioloides | (Pucheran, 1845) | AF : nw, e Madagascar | ENG | Change English name of Mentocrex kioloides from Madagascar Wood Rail to Madagascar Forest Rail to align with the Rallicula "forest" rails that are also within Sarothruridae, and to avoid conflict with the Aramides "wood" rails that are in a different family, Rallidae. This aligns with eBird/Clements. |
4908 | 4908 | ssp | M. k. berliozi | Salomonsen, 1934 | nw Madagascar | |||
4909 | 4909 | ssp | M. k. kioloides | (Pucheran, 1845) | e Madagascar | |||
4910 | 4910 | Species | Tsingy Forest Rail | Mentocrex beankaensis | Goodman, Raherilalao & Block, 2011 | AF : wc Madagascar | AS, ENG | Newly described species: Goodman et al., 2011. Change English name of Mentocrex beankaensis from Tsingy Wood Rail to Tsingy Forest Rail (see M. kioloides). |
4911 | 4911 | Genus | Sarothrura | Heine, 1890 | ||||
4912 | 4912 | Species | White-spotted Flufftail | Sarothrura pulchra | (Gray, JE, 1829) | AF : w, wc, c | ||
4913 | 4913 | ssp | S. p. batesi | Bannerman, 1922 | s Cameroon | |||
4914 | 4914 | ssp | S. p. centralis | Neumann, 1908 | Gabon to s Sudan south to n Angola and nw Zambia | |||
4915 | 4915 | ssp | S. p. pulchra | (Gray, JE, 1829) | Gambia and Senegal to n Cameroon | |||
4916 | 4916 | ssp | S. p. zenkeri | Neumann, 1908 | se Nigeria, w Cameroon and n Gabon | |||
4917 | 4917 | Species | Buff-spotted Flufftail | Sarothrura elegans | (Smith, A, 1839) | AF : widespread | ||
4918 | 4918 | ssp | S. e. reichenovi | (Sharpe, 1894) | Sierra Leone to Uganda and n Angola | |||
4919 | 4919 | ssp | S. e. elegans | (Smith, A, 1839) | Ethiopia and Somalia to South Africa | |||
4920 | 4920 | Species | Red-chested Flufftail | Sarothrura rufa | (Vieillot, 1819) | AF : widespread | ||
4921 | 4921 | ssp | S. r. bonapartii | (Bonaparte, 1856) | Sierra Leone to Gabon and Congo | |||
4922 | 4922 | ssp | S. r. elizabethae | Van Someren, 1919 | Central African Republic to Ethiopia south to DR Congo, Uganda and w Kenya | |||
4923 | 4923 | ssp | S. r. rufa | (Vieillot, 1819) | c Kenya and ne Tanzania to South Africa | |||
4924 | 4924 | Species | Chestnut-headed Flufftail | Sarothrura lugens | (Böhm, 1884) | AF : c, sc | ||
4925 | 4925 | ssp | S. l. lugens | (Böhm, 1884) | Cameroon to DR Congo and w Tanzania | |||
4926 | 4926 | ssp | S. l. lynesi | Grant, CHB & Mackworth-Praed, 1934 | c Angola to Zimbabwe | |||
4927 | 4927 | Species | Streaky-breasted Flufftail | Sarothrura boehmi | Reichenow, 1900 | AF : Cameroon to Kenya and south to Zimbabwe | ||
4928 | 4928 | Species | White-winged Flufftail | Sarothrura ayresi | (Gurney, JH Sr, 1877) | AF : Ethiopia, Zimbabwe and e South Africa | ||
4929 | 4929 | Species | Striped Flufftail | Sarothrura affinis | (Smith, A, 1828) | AF : e, s | ||
4930 | 4930 | ssp | S. a. antonii | Madarász, G & Neumann, 1911 | s Sudan to e Zimbabwe | |||
4931 | 4931 | ssp | S. a. affinis | (Smith, A, 1828) | South Africa | |||
4932 | 4932 | Species | Madagascar Flufftail | Sarothrura insularis | (Sharpe, 1870) | AF : c, e Madagascar | ||
4933 | 4933 | Species | Slender-billed Flufftail | Sarothrura watersi | (Bartlett, E, 1880) | AF : montane e Madagascar (patchy, rare) | ||
4934 | 4934 | Genus | Rallicula | Schlegel, 1871 | TAX, PHY | MOVE the following four species from Rallina to Rallicula (Christidis & Boles 2008); Rallicula rails form a clade with flufftails and Mentocrex rails in the Sarothruridae (Livezey 1998; Garcia-R et al. 2020). | ||
4935 | 4935 | Species | Chestnut Forest Rail | Rallicula rubra | Schlegel, 1871 | AU : montane Bird's Head (nw New Guinea) and w to ec New Guinea | ENG | Change English name of Rallicula (Rallina) rubra to Chestnut Forest Rail (Gregory 2009). |
4936 | 4936 | ssp | R. r. rubra | Schlegel, 1871 | Arfak Mts., Bird's Head (nw New Guinea) | |||
4937 | 4937 | ssp | R. r. klossi | Ogilvie-Grant, 1913 | montane wc, c New Guinea | SSP | Includes telefolminensis (Beehler & Pratt 2016). | |
4938 | 4938 | Species | White-striped Forest Rail | Rallicula leucospila | (Salvadori, 1876) | AU : montane Bird's Head (nw New Guinea) | ENG | Change English name of Rallicula (Rallina) leucospila to White-striped Forest Rail (Gregory 2009). |
4939 | 4939 | Species | Forbes's Forest Rail | Rallicula forbesi | Sharpe, 1887 | AU : montane wc to ne (Adelbert Range and Huon Pen.) and se New Guinea | ENG | Change English name of Rallicula (Rallina) forbesi to Forbes's Forest Rail (Gregory 2009). |
4940 | 4940 | ssp | R. f. parva | Pratt, 1982 | Adelbert Range (ne New Guinea) | |||
4941 | 4941 | ssp | R. f. forbesi | Sharpe, 1887 | wc, ne (Huon Pen.) and se New Guinea | SSP | Includes steini and dryas (Beehler & Pratt 2016). | |
4942 | 4942 | Species | Mayr's Forest Rail | Rallicula mayri | Hartert, EJO, 1930 | AU : montane nc New Guinea | ENG | Change English name of Rallicula (Rallina) mayri to Mayr's Forest Rail (Gregory 2009). |
4943 | 4943 | ssp | R. m. mayri | Hartert, EJO, 1930 | Cyclops Mts. (nc New Guinea) | |||
4944 | 4944 | ssp | R. m. carmichaeli | Diamond, 1969 | Foja, Bewani and Torricelli mts. (nc New Guinea) | |||
4945 | 4945 | Blank | ||||||
4946 | 4946 | Family | Rails, Crakes & Coots | Family Rallidae | PHY | Sequence of Rallidae follows Garcia-R et al. (2020; with modifications from Kirchman 2012; Garcia-R et al. 2014; Boast et al. 2019; Stervander et al. 2019; Brown et al. 2022; Clements 2023). | ||
4947 | 4947 | Genus | Canirallus | Bonaparte, 1856 | ||||
4948 | 4948 | Species | Grey-throated Rail | Canirallus oculeus | (Hartlaub, 1855) | AF : Sierra Leone to Ghana, s Nigeria to Uganda and DR Congo | PHY, SEQ, SSP | Resequence (9.2) Grey-throated Rail (Canirallus oculeus) as a basal species of the Rallidae, not related to the Madagascar Wood Rails (Mentocrex) (Boast et al. 2019). Treat as monotypic; includes batesi (Urban et al. 1986). |
4949 | 4949 | Genus | Pardirallus | Bonaparte, 1856 | ||||
4950 | 4950 | Species | Spotted Rail | Pardirallus maculatus | (Boddaert, 1783) | MA, SA : widespread, also Caribbean | ||
4951 | 4951 | ssp | P. m. insolitus | (Bangs & Peck, 1908) | Mexico to Costa Rica | |||
4952 | 4952 | ssp | P. m. maculatus | (Boddaert, 1783) | Colombia to e Brazil s to Peru and Argentina, Caribbean is. | |||
4953 | 4953 | Species | Blackish Rail | Pardirallus nigricans | (Vieillot, 1819) | SA : w Amazonia, e, se | ||
4954 | 4954 | ssp | P. n. caucae | (Conover, 1949) | sw Colombia | |||
4955 | 4955 | ssp | P. n. nigricans | (Vieillot, 1819) | e Ecuador and Peru to e Brazil and ne Argentina | |||
4956 | 4956 | Species | Plumbeous Rail | Pardirallus sanguinolentus | (Swainson, 1838) | SA : s, w | ||
4957 | 4957 | ssp | P. s. simonsi | Chubb, C, 1918 | s Ecuador, w Peru and n Chile | |||
4958 | 4958 | ssp | P. s. tschudii | Chubb, C, 1919 | Peru, c and se Bolivia | |||
4959 | 4959 | ssp | P. s. zelebori | (Pelzeln, 1865) | se Brazil | |||
4960 | 4960 | ssp | P. s. sanguinolentus | (Swainson, 1838) | se Brazil to Paraguay, n Argentina and Uruguay | |||
4961 | 4961 | ssp | P. s. landbecki | (Hellmayr, 1932) | c Chile and sw Argentina | |||
4962 | 4962 | ssp | P. s. luridus | (Peale, 1849) | s Chile and s Argentina | |||
4963 | 4963 | Genus | Mustelirallus | Bonaparte, 1856 | TAX, PHY | Mustelirallus is resurrected for Ash-throated Crake, formerly included in Porzana, but which is closest to Neocrex and other members of the Aramides clade (Garcia-R et al. 2014; SACC 650). Expand Mustelirallus to include species formerly assigned to Neocrex and Cyanolimnas which is supported by phylogenetic analyses and some morphological features (Garcia-R et al. 2014, 2021; Brown et al. 2022; Depino et al. 2023; Chesser et al. 2023). | ||
4964 | 4964 | Species | Ash-throated Crake | Mustelirallus albicollis | (Vieillot, 1819) | SA : n, sc, se | TAX, PHY | Move from Porzana to resurrected Mustelirallus (Garcia-R et al. 2014; SACC 650). |
4965 | 4965 | ssp | M. a. typhoeca | (Peters, JL, 1932) | Colombia to the Guianas and n Brazil | SSP | M. a. typhoeca (Peters, JL, 1932) replaces M. a. olivacea (Vieillot, 1819) which is likely not attributable to this form (Hellmayr & Conover 1942; H&M 4:158). | |
4966 | 4966 | ssp | M. a. albicollis | (Vieillot, 1819) | e Brazil to e Bolivia, Paraguay and n Argentina | |||
4967 | 4967 | Species | Zapata Rail | Mustelirallus cerverai | (Barbour & Peters, JL, 1927) | NA : Cuba | TAX, PHY | Zapata Rail was formerly assigned to the monotypic genus Cyanolimnas. Phylogenetic analysis confirms that Cyanolimnas is sister to the genus Neocrex and both are sister to Mustelirallus (Brown et al. 2022). Merge Cyanolimnas (along with Neocrex) into Mustelirallus following Brown et al. (2022) and Chesser et al. (2023). |
4968 | 4968 | Species | Colombian Crake | Mustelirallus colombianus | (Bangs, 1898) | MA, SA : Panama to Ecuador | TAX | Although not genetically tested, move Colombian Crake from Neocrex to Mustelirallus as done for the presumably closely related Paint-billed Crake (Kirchman et al. 2021; Chesser et al. 2023). Note change in gender. |
4969 | 4969 | ssp | M. c. ripleyi | (Wetmore, 1967) | c Panama to nw Colombia | |||
4970 | 4970 | ssp | M. c. colombianus | (Bangs, 1898) | nm w Colombia and w Ecuador | |||
4971 | 4971 | Species | Paint-billed Crake | Mustelirallus erythrops | (Sclater, PL, 1867) | SA : widespread | TAX, PHY | Paint-billed Crake was formerly assigned to Neocrex but phylogenetic data show that Neocrex is closely related to Mustelirallus with which it is reasonably merged (Garcia-R et al. 2014, 2021; Kirchman et al. 2021; Depino et al. 2023; Chesser et al. 2023). |
4972 | 4972 | ssp | M. e. olivascens | (Chubb, C, 1918) | Panama to the Guianas s through Brazil to n Argentina | |||
4973 | 4973 | ssp | M. e. erythrops | (Sclater, PL, 1867) | Galápagos and coastal Peru | |||
4974 | 4974 | Genus | Amaurolimnas | Sharpe, 1893 | ||||
4975 | 4975 | Species | Uniform Crake | Amaurolimnas concolor | (Gosse, 1847) | MA, SA : widespread | ||
4976 | 4976 | ssp | A. c. concolor | (Gosse, 1847) | Jamaica | |||
4977 | 4977 | ssp | A. c. guatemalensis | (Lawrence, 1863) | s Mexico to Ecuador | |||
4978 | 4978 | ssp | A. c. castaneus | (Pucheran, 1851) | Venezuela, the Guianas, Brazil, e Peru and e Bolivia | |||
4979 | 4979 | Genus | Aramides | Pucheran, 1845 | ||||
4980 | 4980 | Species | Rufous-necked Wood Rail | Aramides axillaris | Lawrence, 1863 | MA, SA : Mexico to Ecuador, Belize and n SA | ||
4981 | 4981 | Species | Little Wood Rail | Aramides mangle | (Spix, 1825) | SA : e Brazil | ||
4982 | 4982 | Species | Russet-naped Wood Rail | Aramides albiventris | Lawrence, 1868 | MA : e Mexico to ne Costa Rica | AS, ENG | Russet-naped Wood Rail is split from Grey-cowled Wood Rail A. cajaneus (Marcondes & Silveira 2015; English name follows Chesser et al. 2016). |
4983 | 4983 | ssp | A. a. mexicanus | Bangs, 1907 | e Mexico | |||
4984 | 4984 | ssp | A. a. vanrossemi | Dickey, 1929 | s Mexico to sw Guatemala and w El Salvador | |||
4985 | 4985 | ssp | A. a. albiventris | Lawrence, 1868 | Yucatán Pen., Belize and n Guatemala | |||
4986 | 4986 | ssp | A. a. pacificus | Miller, W & Griscom, 1921 | Honduras and Nicaragua | |||
4987 | 4987 | ssp | A. a. plumbeicollis | Zeledón, 1892 | ne Costa Rica | |||
4988 | 4988 | Species | Grey-cowled Wood Rail | Aramides cajaneus | (Müller, PLS, 1776) | MA, SA : Costa Rica to n Argentina | ENG | Change English name from Grey-necked Wood Rail to Grey-cowled Wood Rail (Chesser et al. 2016; SACC 797). |
4989 | 4989 | ssp | A. c. cajaneus | (Müller, PLS, 1776) | Costa Rica to the Guianas, Paraguay and n Argentina | SSP | Includes latens and morrisoni (Marcones & Silveira 2015). | |
4990 | 4990 | ssp | A. c. avicenniae | Stotz, 1992 | coastal se Brazil | PS | Marcondes & Silveira (2015) propose specific recognition of Plumbeous-backed Wood Rail A. avicenniae. | |
4991 | 4991 | Species | Brown Wood Rail | Aramides wolfi | Berlepsch & Taczanowski, 1884 | SA : Colombia to Peru | ||
4992 | 4992 | Species | Giant Wood Rail | Aramides ypecaha | (Vieillot, 1819) | SA : e Paraguay to se Brazil, Uruguay and ne Argentina | ||
4993 | 4993 | Species | Red-winged Wood Rail | Aramides calopterus | Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1878 | SA : w Amazonia | ||
4994 | 4994 | Species | Slaty-breasted Wood Rail | Aramides saracura | (Spix, 1825) | SA : se Brazil to e Paraguay and ne Argentina | ||
4995 | 4995 | Genus | Rallus | Linnaeus, 1758 | ||||
4996 | 4996 | Species | Ridgway's Rail | Rallus obsoletus | Ridgway, 1874 | NA, MA: sw USA to Baja California | AS | Ridgway's Rail is split from Mangrove [Clapper] Rail R. longirostris (Maley & Brumfield 2013; NACC 2014-A-5). |
4997 | 4997 | ssp | R. o. obsoletus | Ridgway, 1874 | wc California (USA) | |||
4998 | 4998 | ssp | R. o. levipes | Bangs, 1899 | sw California (USA) to n Baja California (Mexico) | |||
4999 | 4999 | ssp | R. o. yumanensis | Dickey, 1923 | se California and s Arizona (USA) to nw Mexico | SSP | Includes rhizophorae, nayaritensis. | |
5000 | 5000 | ssp | R. o. beldingi | Ridgway, 1882 | s Baja California (Mexico) | |||
5001 | 5001 | Species | Clapper Rail | Rallus crepitans | Gmelin, JF, 1789 | NA, MA: e coast of USA to Caribbean and coastal Belize | ||
5002 | 5002 | ssp | R. c. crepitans | Gmelin, JF, 1789 | coastal Connecticut to ne North Carolina (USA) | |||
5003 | 5003 | ssp | R. c. waynei | Brewster, 1899 | coastal se USA | |||
5004 | 5004 | ssp | R. c. saturatus | Ridgway, 1880 | Gulf Coast from sw Alabama to ne Mexico | |||
5005 | 5005 | ssp | R. c. scottii | Sennett, 1888 | coastal Florida (USA) | |||
5006 | 5006 | ssp | R. c. insularum | Brooks, WS, 1920 | Florida Keys (USA) | |||
5007 | 5007 | ssp | R. c. coryi | Maynard, 1887 | Bahamas | |||
5008 | 5008 | ssp | R. c. caribaeus | Ridgway, 1880 | Cuba to Puerto Rico, Lesser Antilles to Antigua and Guadeloupe | SSP | Includes leucophaeus (Rush et al. 2012). | |
5009 | 5009 | ssp | R. c. pallidus | Nelson, 1905 | n Yucatán Pen., islands off Quintana Roo (se Mexico), Ycacos Lagoon (Belize) | SSP | Includes grossi and belizensis (Rush et al. 2012). | |
5010 | 5010 | Species | Aztec Rail | Rallus tenuirostris | Ridgway, 1874 | MA: c Mexico | AS | Aztec Rail is split from King Rail Rallus elegans (Maley & Brumfield 2013; NACC 2014-A-5). |
5011 | 5011 | Species | Mangrove Rail | Rallus longirostris | Boddaert, 1783 | MA, SA: coasts of w MA and n SA s to nw Peru | ENG | Rename and restrict R. longirostris to SA ssp. longirostris, dillonripleyi, phelpsi, margaritae, pelodramus, cypereti and crassirostris; assign previous English name Clapper Rail to Rallus crepitans of eastern North America (Maley & Brumfield 2013; NACC 2014-A-5). |
5012 | 5012 | ssp | R. l. phelpsi | Wetmore, 1941 | ne Colombia and nw Venezuela | |||
5013 | 5013 | ssp | R. l. dillonripleyi | Phelps, WH Jr & Aveledo, 1987 | ne Venezuela | SSP | Add (Restall et al. 2006; Hilty 2003). | |
5014 | 5014 | ssp | R. l. margaritae | Zimmer, JT & Phelps, WH, 1944 | Margarita I. (Venezuela) | |||
5015 | 5015 | ssp | R. l. pelodramus | Oberholser, 1937 | Trinidad | |||
5016 | 5016 | ssp | R. l. longirostris | Boddaert, 1783 | coast of the Guianas | |||
5017 | 5017 | ssp | R. l. crassirostris | Lawrence, 1871 | coast of Brazil | |||
5018 | 5018 | ssp | R. l. cypereti | Taczanowski, 1878 | coastal sw Colombia to nw Peru | |||
5019 | 5019 | ssp | R. l. berryorum | Maley, McCormack, Tsai, Schwab, Van Dort, Juárez & Carling, 2016 | coastal w Honduras, possibly to w Nicaragua and nw Costa Rica | SSP | Newly described: Maley et al., 2016. | |
5020 | 5020 | Species | King Rail | Rallus elegans | Audubon, 1834 | NA, MA : e, c | ||
5021 | 5021 | ssp | R. e. elegans | Audubon, 1834 | e Canada and ne USA | |||
5022 | 5022 | ssp | R. e. ramsdeni | Riley, 1913 | Cuba and Isle of Pines | |||
5023 | 5023 | Species | Plain-flanked Rail | Rallus wetmorei | Zimmer, JT & Phelps, WH, 1944 | SA : Venezuela | ||
5024 | 5024 | Species | Virginia Rail | Rallus limicola | Vieillot, 1819 | NA : widespread | ||
5025 | 5025 | ssp | R. l. limicola | Vieillot, 1819 | s Canada and USA | |||
5026 | 5026 | ssp | R. l. friedmanni | Dickerman, 1966 | sc, se Mexico | |||
5027 | 5027 | Species | Bogota Rail | Rallus semiplumbeus | Sclater, PL, 1856 | SA : Colombia | ||
5028 | 5028 | ssp | R. s. semiplumbeus | Sclater, PL, 1856 | e Colombia | |||
5029 | 5029 | ssp | R. s. peruvianus | Taczanowski, 1886 | Peru | |||
5030 | 5030 | Species | Ecuadorian Rail | Rallus aequatorialis | Sharpe, 1894 | SA : sw Colombia to sw Peru | AS | Ecuadorian Rail R. aequatorialis is split from Virginia Rail R. limicola (Ridgely et al. 2001); SACC needs proposal. |
5031 | 5031 | ssp | R. a. aequatorialis | Sharpe, 1894 | sw Colombia and Ecuador | |||
5032 | 5032 | ssp | R. a. meyerdeschauenseei | Fjeldså, 1990 | coastal Peru | |||
5033 | 5033 | Species | Austral Rail | Rallus antarcticus | King, PP, 1828 | SA : s Chile and s Argentina | ||
5034 | 5034 | Species | Water Rail | Rallus aquaticus | Linnaeus, 1758 | PAL : w Europe to c Asia | ||
5035 | 5035 | ssp | R. a. hibernans | Salomonsen, 1931 | Iceland | |||
5036 | 5036 | ssp | R. a. aquaticus | Linnaeus, 1758 | Europe, n Africa and w Asia | |||
5037 | 5037 | ssp | R. a. korejewi | Zarudny, 1905 | Aral Sea and Iran to nw China and Kashmir | |||
5038 | 5038 | Species | Brown-cheeked Rail | Rallus indicus | Blyth, 1849 | PAL : e Siberia to Japan | AS | Rallus indicus is split from R. aquaticus (Livezey 1998; Rasmussen & Anderton 2005; Tavares et al. 2010). |
5039 | 5039 | Species | African Rail | Rallus caerulescens | Gmelin, JF, 1789 | AF : e, sc, se, s | ||
5040 | 5040 | Species | Madagascar Rail | Rallus madagascariensis | Verreaux, J, 1833 | AF : e Madagascar | TAX | Based on morphology, Livezey (1998) suggested this species is sufficiently divergent from the rest of Rallus to merit recognition as an endemic, monotypic genus Biensis Pucheran, 1845. |
5041 | 5041 | Genus | Crecopsis | Sharpe, 1893 | ||||
5042 | 5042 | Species | African Crake | Crecopsis egregia | (Peters, W, 1854) | AF : widespread | TAX, PHY | African Crake is not sister to Corn Crake but rather forms a subclade with Rouget's Rail with internal branch lengths comparable to other separate genera within Rallidae. Move from Crex to monotypic genus Crecopsis (Garcia-R et al. 2020). |
5043 | 5043 | Genus | Rougetius | Bonaparte, 1856 | ||||
5044 | 5044 | Species | Rouget's Rail | Rougetius rougetii | (Guérin-Méneville, 1843) | AF : montane Eritrea and Ethiopia | ||
5045 | 5045 | Genus | Dryolimnas | Sharpe, 1893 | ||||
5046 | 5046 | Species | White-throated Rail | Dryolimnas cuvieri | (Pucheran, 1845) | AF, IO : Malagasy region: Aldabra group (sw Seychelles), Madagascar and Mauritius (c Mascarenes) | ||
5047 | 5047 | ssp | D. c. cuvieri | (Pucheran, 1845) | Madagascar and Mauritius (c Mascarenes) | |||
5048 | 5048 | ssp | D. c. aldabranus | (Günther, 1879) | Aldabra (w Aldabra group, sw Seychelles) | PS | van de Crommenacker et al. (2019) recommend treating this endemic flightless taxon at species rank, as Aldabra Rail. | |
5049 | 5049 | ssp | D. c. abbotti | (Ridgway, 1894) | Assumption (sw Aldabra group, sw Seychelles) | |||
5050 | 5050 | Species | Reunion Rail | Dryolimnas augusti | Mourer-Chauviré, Bour, Ribes & Moutou, 1999 | IO : Réunion (Mascarenes) | EXT | See Cheke & Hume (2008). |
5051 | 5051 | Genus | Crex | Bechstein, 1803 | ||||
5052 | 5052 | Species | Corn Crake | Crex crex | (Linnaeus, 1758) | PAL : Europe to c Siberia and nw China | ||
5053 | 5053 | Genus | Aramidopsis | Sharpe, 1893 | ||||
5054 | 5054 | Species | Snoring Rail | Aramidopsis plateni | (Blasius, W, 1886) | AU : Sulawesi | ||
5055 | 5055 | Genus | Lewinia | Gray, GR, 1855 | ||||
5056 | 5056 | Species | Slaty-breasted Rail | Lewinia striata | (Linnaeus, 1766) | OR, AU : widespread | TAX, PHY | Move to Lewinia. Formerly in Gallirallus but sister to other species within Lewinia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). Note gender. |
5057 | 5057 | ssp | L. s. albiventer | (Swainson, 1838) | India and Sri Lanka to s China and Thailand | |||
5058 | 5058 | ssp | L. s. obscurior | (Hume, 1874) | Andaman and Nicobar Is. | |||
5059 | 5059 | ssp | L. s. jouyi | (Stejneger, 1887) | se China and Hainan | |||
5060 | 5060 | ssp | L. s. taiwana | (Yamashina, 1932) | Taiwan | |||
5061 | 5061 | ssp | L. s. gularis | (Horsfield, 1821) | Malaysia to Indochina, Sumatra, Java, s Borneo and Flores (c Lesser Sundas) | |||
5062 | 5062 | ssp | L. s. striata | (Linnaeus, 1766) | n Borneo, Philippines and n Sulawesi | |||
5063 | 5063 | Species | Brown-banded Rail | Lewinia mirifica | (Parkes & Amadon, 1959) | OR : montane Luzon (Philippines) | ||
5064 | 5064 | Species | Lewin's Rail | Lewinia pectoralis | (Temminck, 1831) | AU : c Lesser Sundas, New Guinea and e Australia | ||
5065 | 5065 | ssp | L. p. exsul | (Hartert, EJO, 1898) | Flores (c Lesser Sundas) | |||
5066 | 5066 | ssp | L. p. mayri | (Hartert, EJO, 1930) | montane nw to ec New Guinea | SSP | Includes connectens and capta (Beehler & Pratt 2016). | |
5067 | 5067 | ssp | L. p. alberti | (Rothschild & Hartert, EJO, 1907) | montane se New Guinea | SSP | Includes insulsa (Beehler & Pratt 2016). | |
5068 | 5068 | ssp | L. p. clelandi | (Mathews, 1911) | sw WA (sw Australia) | |||
5069 | 5069 | ssp | L. p. pectoralis | (Temminck, 1831) | se QLD to se SA (e, se Australia) | |||
5070 | 5070 | ssp | L. p. brachipus | (Swainson, 1838) | Tasmania (se Australia) | |||
5071 | 5071 | Species | Auckland Rail | Lewinia muelleri | (Rothschild, 1893) | AU : Adams and Disappointment is. (Auckland Is., s of South I., New Zealand) | ||
5072 | 5072 | Genus | Diaphorapteryx | Forbes, HO, 1892 | ||||
5073 | 5073 | Species | Hawkins's Rail | Diaphorapteryx hawkinsi | (Forbes, HO, 1892) | AU : Chatham Is. (e of South I., New Zealand) | EXT | Evidence suggests the species survived well into the 19th C (Cooper & Tennyson 2004). |
5074 | 5074 | Genus | Aptenorallus | Kirchman, McInerney, Giarla, Olson, Slikas & Fleischer, RC, 2021 | PHY | Gen. nov.: Aptenorallus is a newly described genus for the phylogenetically distinct Calayan Rail formerly placed in Gallirallus (Kirchman et al. 2021; Kirchman 2021). | ||
5075 | 5075 | Species | Calayan Rail | Aptenorallus calayanensis | (Allen, D, Oliveros, Española, Broad & Gonzalez, 2004) | OR : Calayan (far n Philippines) | PHY | Recently described species: Allen et al., 2004. Sequence in Kirchman (2012) places this species outside of Gallirallus s.s. Move from Gallirallus to Aptenorallus gen. nov. Kirchman et al.: 2021. |
5076 | 5076 | Genus | Habroptila | Gray, GR, 1861 | ||||
5077 | 5077 | Species | Invisible Rail | Habroptila wallacii | Gray, GR, 1861 | AU : Halmahera (n Moluccas) | ||
5078 | 5078 | Genus | Gallirallus | Lafresnaye, 1841 | ||||
5079 | 5079 | Species | Weka | Gallirallus australis | (Sparrman, 1786) | AU : North, South, Stewart and satellites (New Zealand) | ||
5080 | 5080 | ssp | G. a. greyi | (Buller, 1888) | North I. (New Zealand) | |||
5081 | 5081 | ssp | G. a. australis | (Sparrman, 1786) | n, sw South I. and satellites (New Zealand) | |||
5082 | 5082 | ssp | G. a. hectori | (Hutton, FW, 1874) | e South I. (where extinct) and Chatham Is. (introduced; e of South I.; New Zealand) | |||
5083 | 5083 | ssp | G. a. scotti | (Ogilvie-Grant, 1905) | Stewart and satellites Solander and Codfish (=Whenua Hou, nw of Stewart I.; New Zealand) | |||
5084 | 5084 | Genus | Eulabeornis | Gould, 1844 | ||||
5085 | 5085 | Species | Chestnut Rail | Eulabeornis castaneoventris | Gould, 1844 | AU : Aru Is. (sw of New Guinea) and coastal n Australia | ||
5086 | 5086 | ssp | E. c. sharpei | Rothschild, 1906 | Aru Is. (sw of New Guinea) | |||
5087 | 5087 | ssp | E. c. castaneoventris | Gould, 1844 | coastal ne WA to nw QLD (nc Australia) | |||
5088 | 5088 | Genus | Cabalus | Hutton, FW, 1874 | TAX, PHY | Recognition of this genus and its order in the sequence follows Kirchman (2012) and Dickinson & Remsen (2013). May be embedded within Hypotaenidia (Boast et al. 2019). | ||
5089 | 5089 | Species | New Caledonian Rail | Cabalus lafresnayanus | (Verreaux, J & des Murs, 1860) | AU : Grande Terre (New Caledonia; perhaps extinct) | TAX, PHY | New Caldedonian Rail is sister to Chatham Rail (Kirchman 2012). Move from Gallirallus to Cabalus contra Dickinson & Remsen (2013). |
5090 | 5090 | Species | Chatham Rail | Cabalus modestus | (Hutton, FW, 1872) | AU : Chatham Is. | TAX, PHY | Move from Gallirallus to Cabalus (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5091 | 5091 | Genus | Hypotaenidia | Reichenbach, 1853 | TAX, PHY | The species in Hypotaenidia are often included in Gallirallus s.l., but the sequence in Kirchman (2012) shows them to be paraphyletic to Gallirallus s.s. Recognition follows Dickinson & Remsen (2013). Includes Nesoclopeus. | ||
5092 | 5092 | Species | Okinawa Rail | Hypotaenidia okinawae | (Yamashina & Mano, 1981) | PAL : n Okinawa (Ryukyu Is., Japan) | TAX, PHY | Formerly in Gallirallus. Move to Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5093 | 5093 | Species | Barred Rail | Hypotaenidia torquata | (Linnaeus, 1766) | AU : Philippines, islets off Sabah (Malaysia), Sulawesi and satellites and w New Guinea | TAX, PHY | Formerly in Gallirallus. Move to Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). Note gender. |
5094 | 5094 | ssp | H. t. torquata | (Linnaeus, 1766) | Pom Pom (=Pulau Pompong) and Selingan (e of ne Borneo) and Philippines | |||
5095 | 5095 | ssp | H. t. celebensis | (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832) | Sulawesi and satellites | |||
5096 | 5096 | ssp | H. t. sulcirostris | (Wallace, 1863) | Banggai and Sula is. (e of Sulawesi) | |||
5097 | 5097 | ssp | H. t. kuehni | Rothschild, 1902 | Tukangbesi Is. (se of se Sulawesi) | |||
5098 | 5098 | ssp | H. t. limaria | (Peters, JL, 1934) | Salawati (Raja Ampat Is., nw of New Guinea) and nw New Guinea | SSP | Subspecies name limarius (Peters, JL, 1934) replaced saturatus (Sclater, PL, 1880) when both taxa were in Rallus. Name saturatus now permanently invalid under ICZN Art. 59.3 (H&M 4:154). | |
5099 | 5099 | Species | Buff-banded Rail | Hypotaenidia philippensis | (Linnaeus, 1766) | AU, PO : widespread, also Philippines | TAX, PHY | Formerly in Gallirallus. Move to Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). Note gender. |
5100 | 5100 | ssp | H. p. andrewsi | (Mathews, 1911) | Cocos (Keeling) I. (se Indian Ocean) | |||
5101 | 5101 | ssp | H. p. xerophila | van Bemmel & Hoogerwerf, 1940 | Gunungapi Wetar (Banda Sea) | |||
5102 | 5102 | ssp | H. p. wilkinsoni | (Mathews, 1911) | Flores (c Lesser Sundas) | |||
5103 | 5103 | ssp | H. p. philippensis | (Linnaeus, 1766) | Philippines (except Palawan, and Zamboanga Pen. through Sulu Arch.), Borneo, Sulawesi and satellites, Bali and Lesser Sundas | |||
5104 | 5104 | ssp | H. p. pelewensis | Mayr, 1933 | Palau (w Caroline Is., w Micronesia) | |||
5105 | 5105 | ssp | H. p. anachoretae | (Mayr, 1949) | Kaniet Is. (=Anchorite Is., nw of Manus, Admiralty Is., nw Bismarck Arch.) | |||
5106 | 5106 | ssp | H. p. admiralitatis | Stresemann, 1929 | Admiralty Is. (nw Bismarck Arch.) | |||
5107 | 5107 | ssp | H. p. praedo | (Mayr, 1949) | Skoki (Admiralty Is., nw Bismarck Arch.) | |||
5108 | 5108 | ssp | H. p. lesouefi | (Mathews, 1911) | New Hanover (=Lavongai), New Ireland, Tabar and Tanga (ne Bismarck Arch.) | |||
5109 | 5109 | ssp | H. p. meyeri | Hartert, EJO, 1930 | Witu and New Britain (se Bismarck Arch.) | |||
5110 | 5110 | ssp | H. p. christophori | (Mayr, 1938) | Solomon Is. | |||
5111 | 5111 | ssp | H. p. sethsmithi | (Mathews, 1911) | Vanuatu and Fiji (probably extinct Viti Levu and Vanua Levu; sw Polynesia) | |||
5112 | 5112 | ssp | H. p. swindellsi | (Mathews, 1911) | New Caledonia including Loyalty Is. | |||
5113 | 5113 | ssp | H. p. goodsoni | (Mathews, 1911) | Samoa and Niue (sc Polynesia) | |||
5114 | 5114 | ssp | H. p. ecaudata | (Miller, JF, 1783) | Tonga (sc Polynesia) | |||
5115 | 5115 | ssp | H. p. assimilis | (Gray, GR, 1843) | n North, n South and satellites of Stewart is. (New Zealand) | |||
5116 | 5116 | ssp | H. p. macquariensis | (Hutton, FW, 1879) | Macquarie I. (far se of Australia) | |||
5117 | 5117 | ssp | H. p. lacustris | (Mayr, 1938) | nw, ne, c, se New Guinea and Long I. (n of ne New Guinea) | SSP | Includes reducta and wahgiensis (Beehler & Pratt 2016). | |
5118 | 5118 | ssp | H. p. tounelieri | (Schodde & Naurois, 1982) | Coral Sea Is. (se New Guinea to n New Caledonia) | |||
5119 | 5119 | ssp | H. p. mellori | (Mathews, 1912) | Moluccas, nw, s New Guinea, Australia (except c, Tasmania) and Norfolk I. (far e of Australia) | SSP | Includes randi (Beehler & Pratt 2016). | |
5120 | 5120 | Species | Guam Rail | Hypotaenidia owstoni | Rothschild, 1895 | PO : Guam (s Mariana Is., extinct in the wild); reintroduced Rota (s Northern Mariana Is., w Micronesia) and Cocos I. (s of Guam) | TAX, PHY | Formerly in Gallirallus. Move to Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5121 | 5121 | Species | Pink-legged Rail | Hypotaenidia insignis | (Sclater, PL, 1880) | AU : New Britain (se Bismarck Arch.) | TAX, PHY | Formerly in Gallirallus. Move to Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5122 | 5122 | Species | Roviana Rail | Hypotaenidia rovianae | (Diamond, 1991) | AU : New Georgia group (wc Solomon Is.) | TAX, PHY | Formerly in Gallirallus. Move to Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5123 | 5123 | Species | Woodford's Rail | Hypotaenidia woodfordi | (Ogilvie-Grant, 1889) | AU : Solomon Is. | TAX, PHY | Formerly in Nesoclopeus but that genus is embedded in Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). Note gender. |
5124 | 5124 | ssp | H. w. tertia | (Mayr, 1949) | Buka and Bougainville (n Solomon Is.) | |||
5125 | 5125 | ssp | H. w. woodfordi | (Ogilvie-Grant, 1889) | Guadalcanal (sc Solomon Is.) | |||
5126 | 5126 | ssp | H. w. immaculata | (Mayr, 1949) | Isabel (c Solomon Is.) | SSP | Add (Dutson 2011). | |
5127 | 5127 | Species | Bar-winged Rail | Hypotaenidia poeciloptera | (Hartlaub, 1866) | PO : Viti Levu and Ovalau (Lomaiviti group, w Fiji, sw Polynesia) | TAX | Formerly in Nesoclopeus but that genus is embedded in Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). Note gender. |
5128 | 5128 | Species | Lord Howe Woodhen | Hypotaenidia sylvestris | (Sclater, PL, 1870) | AU : Lord Howe I. (far e of Australia) | TAX, PHY | Formerly in Gallirallus. Move to Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5129 | 5129 | Species | Dieffenbach's Rail | Hypotaenidia dieffenbachii | (Gray, GR, 1843) | AU : Chatham Is. | TAX, PHY | Formerly in Gallirallus. Move to Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5130 | 5130 | Species | Tahiti Rail | Hypotaenidia pacifica | (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | PO : Tahiti and Mehetia (e Society Is., e Polynesia) | TAX, PHY | Formerly in Gallirallus. Move to Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). Note gender. |
5131 | 5131 | Species | Wake Island Rail | Hypotaenidia wakensis | Rothschild, 1903 | PO : Wake (ne Micronesia) | TAX, PHY | Formerly in Gallirallus. Move to Hypotaenidia (Kirchman 2012; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5132 | 5132 | Genus | Porphyriops | Pucheran, 1845 | ||||
5133 | 5133 | Species | Spot-flanked Gallinule | Porphyriops melanops | (Vieillot, 1819) | SA : e, s | TAX | Resurrect monotypic Porphyriops for Spot-flanked Gallinule, previously in Gallinula (SACC 651; Sangster et al. 2015). |
5134 | 5134 | ssp | P. m. bogotensis | Chapman, 1914 | c Colombia | |||
5135 | 5135 | ssp | P. m. crassirostris | (Gray, JE, 1829) | Argentina and Chile | |||
5136 | 5136 | ssp | P. m. melanops | (Vieillot, 1819) | Peru to e Bolivia, e Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay and ne Argentina | |||
5137 | 5137 | Genus | Porzana | Vieillot, 1816 | PHY, TAX | Revisions of Porzana crakes include separation of twelve species to Zapornia, and others to Mustelirallus, Laterallus and Poliolimnas (Slikas et al. 2002; H&M 4; Garcia-R et al. 2014, 2020; Boast et al. 2019; Stervander et al. 2019; SACC 650). | ||
5138 | 5138 | Species | Sora | Porzana carolina | (Linnaeus, 1758) | NA : widespread | ||
5139 | 5139 | Species | Spotted Crake | Porzana porzana | (Linnaeus, 1766) | PAL : w Europe to c Asia | ||
5140 | 5140 | Species | Australian Crake | Porzana fluminea | Gould, 1843 | AU : Australia (except n, sc) | ||
5141 | 5141 | Genus | Tribonyx | Du Bus de Gisignies, 1840 | TAX | Two species of nativehen are moved from Gallinula to Tribonyx (Livezey 1998; Christidis & Boles 2008). | ||
5142 | 5142 | Species | Black-tailed Nativehen | Tribonyx ventralis | (Gould, 1837) | AU : Australia (except n, sc, Tasmania) | ||
5143 | 5143 | Species | Tasmanian Nativehen | Tribonyx mortierii | Du Bus de Gisignies, 1840 | AU : Tasmania (se Australia) | ||
5144 | 5144 | Genus | Paragallinula | Sangster, Garcia-R & Trewick, 2015 | TAX | Move Lesser Moorhen from Gallinula to monotypic Paragallinula (García-R et al. 2014; Sangster et al. 2015). | ||
5145 | 5145 | Species | Lesser Moorhen | Paragallinula angulata | (Sundevall, 1850) | AF : widespread | ||
5146 | 5146 | Genus | Gallinula | Brisson, 1760 | ||||
5147 | 5147 | Species | Dusky Moorhen | Gallinula tenebrosa | Gould, 1846 | AU : Wallacea, New Guinea, e Australia, Tasmania, New Britain (se Bismarck Arch.) and New Caledonia | ||
5148 | 5148 | ssp | G. t. frontata | Wallace, 1863 | se Borneo (formerly) to Sulawesi region, c, s Moluccas, Lesser Sundas and w, se New Guinea | |||
5149 | 5149 | ssp | G. t. neumanni | Hartert, EJO, 1930 | n New Guinea | |||
5150 | 5150 | ssp | G. t. tenebrosa | Gould, 1846 | far sw WA, ec QLD to se SA and n Tasmania (sw, e Australia) | |||
5151 | 5151 | Species | Common Gallinule | Gallinula galeata | (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1818) | NA, SA, PO : widespread | AS | Common Gallinule of Western Hemisphere is split from Common Moorhen on the basis of morphological, genetic, and vocal differences (Rasmussen & Anderton 2005; Groenenberg et al. 2008; SACC 416; NACC-2010-10). |
5152 | 5152 | ssp | G. g. sandvicensis | Streets, 1877 | Hawaiian Is. | |||
5153 | 5153 | ssp | G. g. cachinnans | Bangs, 1915 | se Canada, USA to w Panama, Bermuda and Galápagos | |||
5154 | 5154 | ssp | G. g. cerceris | Bangs, 1910 | Greater and Lesser Antilles | |||
5155 | 5155 | ssp | G. g. barbadensis | Bond, J, 1954 | Barbados | |||
5156 | 5156 | ssp | G. g. pauxilla | Bangs, 1915 | e Panama, n and w Colombia and w Ecuador to sw Peru and n Chile | |||
5157 | 5157 | ssp | G. g. garmani | Allen, JA, 1876 | Andes of Peru, Chile, Bolivia and Argentina | |||
5158 | 5158 | ssp | G. g. galeata | (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1818) | Trinidad, the Guianas south to Uruguay and n Argentina | |||
5159 | 5159 | Species | Common Moorhen | Gallinula chloropus | (Linnaeus, 1758) | PAL, AF, IO, OR, PO : widespread | ||
5160 | 5160 | ssp | G. c. chloropus | (Linnaeus, 1758) | Europe and n Africa to Japan and se Asia | |||
5161 | 5161 | ssp | G. c. meridionalis | (Brehm, CL, 1831) | Africa s of the Sahara and St. Helena (tropical se Atlantic Ocean) | |||
5162 | 5162 | ssp | G. c. pyrrhorrhoa | Newton, A, 1861 | Comoros, Madagascar, Réunion and Mauritius (w, c Mascarenes) | |||
5163 | 5163 | ssp | G. c. orientalis | Horsfield, 1821 | Inner Is. (ne Seychelles), Andamans, Malay Pen., Greater and Lesser Sundas, Sulawesi region and Philippines | |||
5164 | 5164 | ssp | G. c. guami | Hartert, EJO, 1917 | n Mariana Is. and Guam (w Micronesia) | |||
5165 | 5165 | Species | Tristan Moorhen | Gallinula nesiotis | Sclater, PL, 1861 | AO : Tristan da Cunha | ||
5166 | 5166 | Species | Gough Moorhen | Gallinula comeri | (Allen, JA, 1892) | AO : Gough Is. | AS, ENG | Gallinula comeri is split from its (extinct) flightless relative G. nesiotis (Collar & Stuart 1985); BLI recognizes. Change name to traditional "moorhen" (P. Ryan). |
5167 | 5167 | Species | Makira Woodhen | Gallinula silvestris | (Mayr, 1933) | AU : Makira (se Solomon Is.; perhaps extinct) | ||
5168 | 5168 | Species | Samoan Woodhen | Gallinula pacifica | (Hartlaub & Finsch, 1871) | PO : Savaii (w Samoa, c Polynesia) | ||
5169 | 5169 | Genus | Fulica | Linnaeus, 1758 | ||||
5170 | 5170 | Species | Red-fronted Coot | Fulica rufifrons | Philippi & Landbeck, 1861 | SA : Southern Cone | ||
5171 | 5171 | Species | Horned Coot | Fulica cornuta | Bonaparte, 1853 | SA : n Chile to nw Argentina | ||
5172 | 5172 | Species | Giant Coot | Fulica gigantea | Eydoux & Souleyet, 1841 | SA : Peru to nw Argentina | ||
5173 | 5173 | Species | Red-gartered Coot | Fulica armillata | Vieillot, 1817 | SA : Southern Cone | ||
5174 | 5174 | Species | Eurasian Coot | Fulica atra | Linnaeus, 1758 | PAL, OR, AU : widespread | ||
5175 | 5175 | ssp | F. a. atra | Linnaeus, 1758 | Europe and n Africa to Japan, India, se Asia, and Borneo | |||
5176 | 5176 | ssp | F. a. lugubris | Müller, S, 1847 | Java (formerly), Bali, Lesser Sundas and nw New Guinea | |||
5177 | 5177 | ssp | F. a. novaeguineae | Rand, 1940 | c New Guinea | SSP | Add (Taylor 1996, 1998). | |
5178 | 5178 | ssp | F. a. australis | Gould, 1845 | Australia, Tasmania, North and South Is. (New Zealand) and probably e Lesser Sundas | |||
5179 | 5179 | Species | Red-knobbed Coot | Fulica cristata | Gmelin, JF, 1789 | PAL, AF : s Spain and Morocco, Ethiopia to Angola, Namibia and South Africa, Madagascar | ||
5180 | 5180 | Species | Mascarene Coot | Fulica newtonii | Milne-Edwards, 1867 | IO : Réunion and Mauritius (w, c Mascarenes) | EXT | See Cheke & Hume (2008). |
5181 | 5181 | Species | Hawaiian Coot | Fulica alai | Peale, 1849 | PO : Hawaiian Is. | ||
5182 | 5182 | Species | American Coot | Fulica americana | Gmelin, JF, 1789 | NA, MA, SA : Alaska and Canada to Costa Rica, also n South America | AL | Includes Caribbean Coot Fulica caribaea, a white-shielded color morph of American Coot (HBW Alive; Donegan et al. 2015; NACC 2016-A-9). |
5183 | 5183 | ssp | F. a. americana | Gmelin, JF, 1789 | se Alaska and Canada to Costa Rica and the West Indies | |||
5184 | 5184 | ssp | F. a. columbiana | Chapman, 1914 | Colombia and n Ecuador | |||
5185 | 5185 | Species | Andean Coot | Fulica ardesiaca | Tschudi, 1843 | SA : Colombia to nw Argentina | ||
5186 | 5186 | ssp | F. a. atrura | Fjeldså, 1983 | s Colombia to nw Peru | |||
5187 | 5187 | ssp | F. a. ardesiaca | Tschudi, 1843 | c Peru to n Chile and nw Argentina | SSP | Includes peruviana as a synonym; a color morph (Gill 1964; Taylor 1998). | |
5188 | 5188 | Species | White-winged Coot | Fulica leucoptera | Vieillot, 1817 | SA : sc, Southern Cone | ||
5189 | 5189 | Genus | Porphyrio | Brisson, 1760 | ||||
5190 | 5190 | Species | Allen's Gallinule | Porphyrio alleni | Thomson, 1842 | AF : widespread | ||
5191 | 5191 | Species | Purple Gallinule | Porphyrio martinica | (Linnaeus, 1766) | NA, MA, SA : se USA to n Argentina | TAX | Species epithet treated as a noun in apposition, thus invariable (Schodde & Bock 2016). |
5192 | 5192 | Species | Azure Gallinule | Porphyrio flavirostris | (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | SA : n, Amazonia, sc | ||
5193 | 5193 | Species | Western Swamphen | Porphyrio porphyrio | (Linnaeus, 1758) | PAL, AF : sw Europe and nw Africa | TAX, ENG | Change English name of Purple Swamphen to Western Swamphen, following splits (5.3) of this species complex (Sangster 1998; Garcia-R & Trewick 2015). |
5194 | 5194 | Species | African Swamphen | Porphyrio madagascariensis | (Latham, 1801) | AF : Africa and Madagascar | AS | African Swamphen is split (1.0) from Purple Swamphen. |
5195 | 5195 | Species | Grey-headed Swamphen | Porphyrio poliocephalus | (Latham, 1801) | PAL, OR : Middle East and Indian subcontinent to s China, n Thailand, Andaman and Nicobar Is. and s Myanmar to c and s Indochina to the Malay Pen. | AS | Grey-headed Swamphen is split from Western [Purple] Swamphen P. porphyrio (Sangster 1998; Garcia-R & Trewick 2015). |
5196 | 5196 | ssp | P. p. seistanicus | Zarudny & Härms, 1911 | se Turkey to the Caspian Sea, nw Iran, Iraq to Pakistan and nw India | SSP | Includes caspius (Garcia-R & Trewick 2015; Roselaar in litt.). | |
5197 | 5197 | ssp | P. p. poliocephalus | (Latham, 1801) | India and Sri Lanka to sw China and n Thailand, Andaman and Nicobar Is. | |||
5198 | 5198 | ssp | P. p. viridis | Begbie, 1834 | s Myanmar to c, s Indochina, Malay Pen. and n Sumatra | SSP | SE Asian populations [treated as subspecies viridis] complex variable, poorly understood, intermediate between poliocephalus and indicus (Sangster 1998; Taylor 1998), and variable in mantle color and greyness of head sides (Wells 1999). Long placed in the “indicus” group (i.e. Ripley 1977; Roselaar in Cramp et al. 1980; Sangster 1998, Garcia-R. & Trewick 2015), but very like or inseparable from poliocephalus. Thus, assignment to indicus seems arbitrary. Not included in Garcia-R. & Trewick (2015). Tentatively treated here as a subspecies of poliocephalus. | |
5199 | 5199 | Species | Black-backed Swamphen | Porphyrio indicus | Horsfield, 1821 | OR, AU : Sumatra, Java, se Borneo, sw Sulawesi and s Philippines | AS, SSP | Black-backed Swamphen is split from Western [Purple] Swamphen P. porphyrio (Sangster 1998; Garcia-R & Trewick 2015). Subspecies viridis tentatively assigned to P. poliocephalus, which see for details. Treat as monotypic. |
5200 | 5200 | Species | Philippine Swamphen | Porphyrio pulverulentus | Temminck, 1826 | OR : Philippines (except most West Visayas and Palawan group) | AS | Philippine Swamphen is split from Western [Purple] Swamphen P. porphyrio (Sangster 1998; Garcia-R & Trewick 2015). |
5201 | 5201 | Species | Australasian Swamphen | Porphyrio melanotus | Temminck, 1820 | AU, PO : widespread | AS | Australian Swamphen is split from Western [Purple] Swamphen P. porphyrio (Sangster 1998; Garcia-R & Trewick 2015). |
5202 | 5202 | ssp | P. m. melanopterus | Bonaparte, 1856 | n, se Sulawesi, Moluccas, Lesser Sundas and New Guinea region | |||
5203 | 5203 | ssp | P. m. pelewensis | Hartlaub & Finsch, 1872 | Palau (w Caroline Is., w Micronesia) | |||
5204 | 5204 | ssp | P. m. melanotus | Temminck, 1820 | n, e Australia, Tasmania, Lord Howe and Norfolk is. (far e of Australia) and North, South, Stewart, Kermadec (ne of North I.) and Chatham is. (e of South I.; New Zealand) | SSP | Includes chathamensis (Gill 2010). | |
5205 | 5205 | ssp | P. m. bellus | Gould, 1841 | far sw WA (sw Australia) | |||
5206 | 5206 | ssp | P. m. samoensis | Peale, 1849 | Admiralty Is. to New Caledonia, Solomon Is., Fiji and Samoa | |||
5207 | 5207 | Species | White Swamphen | Porphyrio albus | (Shaw, 1790) | AU : Lord Howe I. (Australia) | ||
5208 | 5208 | Species | North Island Takahe | Porphyrio mantelli | (Owen, 1848) | AU : North I. (New Zealand) | EXT, ENG | Specifically distinct from P. hochstetteri (Trewick 1996). Change English name from Mohoau to North Island Takahe. |
5209 | 5209 | Species | South Island Takahe | Porphyrio hochstetteri | (Meyer, AB, 1883) | AU : montane sw South I.; reintroduced to satellites (New Zealand) | ENG | Change name to South Island Takahe to match North Island Takahe. |
5210 | 5210 | Genus | Micropygia | Bonaparte, 1856 | ||||
5211 | 5211 | Species | Ocellated Crake | Micropygia schomburgkii | (Schomburgk, 1848) | SA : n, sc, se | ||
5212 | 5212 | ssp | M. s. schomburgkii | (Schomburgk, 1848) | s Costa Rica, e Colombia, Venezuela and the Guianas | |||
5213 | 5213 | ssp | M. s. chapmani | (Naumburg, 1930) | se Peru, n Bolivia, c and se Brazil and e Paraguay | |||
5214 | 5214 | Genus | Rufirallus | Bonaparte, 1856 | TAX, PHY | The genus Rufirallus Bonaparte, 1856 has priority over Anurolimnas Sharpe, 1893 when Chestnut-headed Crake and Russet-crowned Crake are treated as congeneric (Dickinson & Remsen 2013; HBW; Garcia-R et al. 2020). | ||
5215 | 5215 | Species | Russet-crowned Crake | Rufirallus viridis | (Müller, PLS, 1776) | SA : Amazonia | TAX, PHY | Russet-crowned Crake was formerly assigned to Laterallus. Here treated as congeneric with Chestnut-headed Crake, formerly assigned to Anurolimnas. Rufirallus has priority as the generic name for this clade (Dickinson & Remsen 2013; HBW; Garcia-R et al. 2020). |
5216 | 5216 | ssp | R. v. brunnescens | (Todd, 1932) | nc Colombia | |||
5217 | 5217 | ssp | R. v. viridis | (Müller, PLS, 1776) | e Colombia, s Venezuela through the Guianas and Amazonian Brazil to e Peru and n Bolivia | |||
5218 | 5218 | Species | Chestnut-headed Crake | Rufirallus castaneiceps | (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1869) | SA : s Colombia to nw Bolivia | TAX, PHY | Chestnut-headed Crake was formerly assigned to Anurolimnas. Here treated as congeneric with Russet-crowned Crake, formerly assigned to Laterallus. Rufirallus has priority as the generic name for this clade (Dickinson & Remsen 2013; HBW; Garcia-R et al. 2020). |
5219 | 5219 | ssp | R. c. coccineipes | (Olson, 1973) | s Colombia, ne Ecuador | |||
5220 | 5220 | ssp | R. c. castaneiceps | (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1869) | e Ecuador, e Peru, sw Brazil and nw Bolivia | |||
5221 | 5221 | Genus | Coturnicops | Gray, GR, 1855 | ||||
5222 | 5222 | Species | Swinhoe's Rail | Coturnicops exquisitus | (Swinhoe, 1873) | PAL : e Siberia and ne China | ||
5223 | 5223 | Species | Yellow Rail | Coturnicops noveboracensis | (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | NA : e, c | ||
5224 | 5224 | ssp | C. n. noveboracensis | (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | Canada and n USA | |||
5225 | 5225 | ssp | C. n. goldmani | (Nelson, 1904) | c Mexico | |||
5226 | 5226 | Species | Speckled Rail | Coturnicops notatus | (Gould, 1841) | SA : Paraguay and s Brazil to ec Argentina | ||
5227 | 5227 | Genus | Laterallus | Gray, GR, 1855 | Recent phylogenies show that Laterallus is paraphyletic relative to Yellow-breasted Crake (Garcia-R et al. 2014; Stervander et al. 2019). One solution is to treat Yellow-breasted Crake in its own monotypic genus Hapalocrex Ridgway, 1920 and separate out the "American Black" clade of Laterallus (which includes jamaicensis, spilonota, spiloptera, and rogersi) as Creciscus Cabanis, 1857 (Stervander et al. 2019). | |||
5228 | 5228 | Species | Yellow-breasted Crake | Laterallus flaviventer | (Boddaert, 1783) | NA, MA, SA : Caribbean and s Mexico to se SA | PHY, TAX | Tentatively reassign Yellow-breasted Crake from Porzana to Laterallus (Stervander et al. 2019). Placed in Hapalocrex by NACC (2016-B-4) but if so, then non-monophyletic with respect to other Laterallus. |
5229 | 5229 | ssp | L. f. gossii | (Bonaparte, 1856) | Cuba and Jamaica | |||
5230 | 5230 | ssp | L. f. hendersoni | (Bartsch, 1917) | Hispaniola and Puerto Rico | |||
5231 | 5231 | ssp | L. f. woodi | (Van Rossem, 1934) | c Mexico to nw Costa Rica | |||
5232 | 5232 | ssp | L. f. bangsi | (Darlington, 1931) | n Colombia | |||
5233 | 5233 | ssp | L. f. flaviventer | (Boddaert, 1783) | Panama to the Guianas s through Brazil to n Argentina | |||
5234 | 5234 | Species | Black Rail | Laterallus jamaicensis | (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | NA, MA, SA : USA, Greater Antilles to w SA | TAX | Laterallus jamaicensis includes subspecies salinasi, which may be better recognized as a species (Jaramillo 2003); SACC needs proposal to split. |
5235 | 5235 | ssp | L. j. coturniculus | (Ridgway, 1874) | wc California (USA) to Baja California (Mexico) | |||
5236 | 5236 | ssp | L. j. jamaicensis | (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | e USA and e Central America | |||
5237 | 5237 | ssp | L. j. murivagans | (Riley, 1916) | w Peru | |||
5238 | 5238 | ssp | L. j. salinasi | (Philippi, 1857) | c Chile | |||
5239 | 5239 | ssp | L. j. tuerosi | Fjeldså, 1983 | Peru | AL | Junin Crake L. tuerosi best treated as a subspecies of Black Rail (SACC 536). | |
5240 | 5240 | Species | Galapagos Crake | Laterallus spilonota | (Gould, 1841) | SA : Galápagos | ||
5241 | 5241 | Species | Dot-winged Crake | Laterallus spiloptera | (Durnford, 1877) | SA : s Uruguay and ne Argentina | Dot-winged Crake is a member of "American Black" clade of the Laterallus rails. Reassign to Laterallus from Porzana (Stervander et al. 2019). | |
5242 | 5242 | Species | Inaccessible Island Rail | Laterallus rogersi | (Lowe, 1923) | AO : Inaccessible I. | PHY, TAX | Inaccessible Island Rail is a member of New World Laterallus rails. Reassign to Laterallus from monotypic Atlantisia (Stervander et al. 2019; Garcia-R et al. 2020). |
5243 | 5243 | Species | Ruddy Crake | Laterallus ruber | (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1860) | MA : e Mexico to Costa Rica | ||
5244 | 5244 | Species | Rufous-sided Crake | Laterallus melanophaius | (Vieillot, 1819) | SA : widespread | ||
5245 | 5245 | ssp | L. m. oenops | (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1880) | se Colombia, e Ecuador and e Peru, w Brazil | |||
5246 | 5246 | ssp | L. m. melanophaius | (Vieillot, 1819) | ne Venezuela to Suriname south to n Argentina | |||
5247 | 5247 | Species | Rusty-flanked Crake | Laterallus levraudi | (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1869) | SA : Venezuela | ||
5248 | 5248 | Species | Rufous-faced Crake | Laterallus xenopterus | Conover, 1934 | SA : sc Brazil and c Paraguay | ||
5249 | 5249 | Species | Red-and-white Crake | Laterallus leucopyrrhus | (Vieillot, 1819) | SA : se | ||
5250 | 5250 | Species | Grey-breasted Crake | Laterallus exilis | (Temminck, 1831) | MA, SA : Guatemala through Amazonia and se SA | ||
5251 | 5251 | Species | White-throated Crake | Laterallus albigularis | (Lawrence, 1861) | MA, SA : Nicaragua to Ecuador | ||
5252 | 5252 | ssp | L. a. cinereiceps | (Lawrence, 1875) | se Honduras to nw Panama | |||
5253 | 5253 | ssp | L. a. albigularis | (Lawrence, 1861) | sw Costa Rica to w Ecuador | |||
5254 | 5254 | ssp | L. a. cerdaleus | Wetmore, 1958 | nc, n Colombia and nw Venezuela | |||
5255 | 5255 | Species | Black-banded Crake | Laterallus fasciatus | (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1868) | SA : w Amazonia | TAX | Retain in Laterallus based on Stervander et al. (2019). |
5256 | 5256 | Genus | Mundia | Bourne, Ashmole & Simmons, 2003 | ||||
5257 | 5257 | Species | Ascension Crake | Mundia elpenor | (Olson, 1973) | AO : Ascension I. (sc Atlantic Ocean) | EXT, TAX | See Fuller (2002); Bourne et al. (2003). Possibly part of the Laterallus clade (Garcia-R et al. 2020). May be sister to Laterallus (Atlantisia) rogersi (Stervander et al. 2019). |
5258 | 5258 | Genus | Aphanocrex | Wetmore, 1963 | EXT, TAX | Aphanocrex is included in Zapornia by HBW. | ||
5259 | 5259 | Species | St. Helena Rail | Aphanocrex podarces | Wetmore, 1963 | AO : St. Helena (tropical se Atlantic Ocean) | EXT | See BirdLife International (2012). |
5260 | 5260 | Genus | Zapornia | Leach, 1816 | TAX, PHY | Zapornia includes species formerly assigned to Porzana and Amaurornis (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013; Stervander et al. 2019, Garcia-R et al. 2014; Boast et al. 2019). | ||
5261 | 5261 | Species | Black Crake | Zapornia flavirostra | (Swainson, 1837) | AF : widespread | TAX, PHY | Move from genus Amaurornis to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). Depth of genetic divergence from other taxa within Zapornia suggests that flavirostra (and possibly olivieri) might be better placed in Limnocorax Peters, W, 1854. |
5262 | 5262 | Species | Sakalava Rail | Zapornia olivieri | (Grandidier, G & Berlioz, 1929) | AF : patchily wc Madagascar (rare) | TAX, PHY | Move from genus Amaurornis to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5263 | 5263 | Species | Ruddy-breasted Crake | Zapornia fusca | (Linnaeus, 1766) | OR : widespread, also e Asia | TAX, PHY | Move from genus Porzana to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). Z. fusca and Z. paykullii form a distinct clade sister to other Zapornia taxa (Garcia-R et al. 2014; 2019) for which Limnobaenus Sundevall, 1873 is available (Croxall, pers. comm.). |
5264 | 5264 | ssp | Z. f. fusca | (Linnaeus, 1766) | Pakistan and n India to Malaysia, Indonesian Arch. and Philippines (except Palawan group and Sulu Arch.) | SSP | Includes bakeri (Taylor 1996, 1998). | |
5265 | 5265 | ssp | Z. f. zeylonica | (Baker, ECS, 1927) | w, sw India and Sri Lanka | |||
5266 | 5266 | ssp | Z. f. phaeopyga | (Stejneger, 1887) | Ryukyu Is. (s Japan) | |||
5267 | 5267 | ssp | Z. f. erythrothorax | (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) | se Siberia to ne China, Korea and Japan, Taiwan | |||
5268 | 5268 | Species | Band-bellied Crake | Zapornia paykullii | (Ljungh, 1813) | PAL : e Siberia, Korea and ne China | TAX, PHY | Move from genus Porzana to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5269 | 5269 | Species | Black-tailed Crake | Zapornia bicolor | (Walden, 1872) | OR : ne India to sc China | TAX, PHY | Move from genus Porzana to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5270 | 5270 | Species | Brown Crake | Zapornia akool | (Sykes, 1832) | OR : India to se China | ENG, TAX | Change English name of Zapornia (Amaurornis) akool to widely adopted Brown Crake. Move from genus Amaurornis to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5271 | 5271 | ssp | Z. a. akool | (Sykes, 1832) | India, Bangladesh and w Myanmar | |||
5272 | 5272 | ssp | Z. a. coccineipes | (Slater, HH, 1891) | se China to ne Vietnam | |||
5273 | 5273 | Species | Baillon's Crake | Zapornia pusilla | (Pallas, 1776) | PAL, AF, OR, AU : widespread | TAX, PHY | Move from genus Porzana to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5274 | 5274 | ssp | Z. p. intermedia | (Hermann, 1804) | w Europe to Asia Minor; n, e, s Africa and Madagascar | SSP | Includes obscura (Taylor 1996, 1998; Hockey et al. 2005). | |
5275 | 5275 | ssp | Z. p. pusilla | (Pallas, 1776) | e Europe to c, e Asia | |||
5276 | 5276 | ssp | Z. p. mira | (Riley, 1938) | Borneo | |||
5277 | 5277 | ssp | Z. p. mayri | (Junge, 1952) | wc, ec New Guinea | |||
5278 | 5278 | ssp | Z. p. palustris | (Gould, 1843) | se New Guinea and Australia (except ne, sc, Tasmania) | |||
5279 | 5279 | ssp | Z. p. affinis | (Gray, GR, 1845) | North, South and Stewart is. (New Zealand); formerly Chatham Is. (e of South I.) | |||
5280 | 5280 | Species | St. Helena Crake | Zapornia astrictocarpus | (Olson, 1973) | AO : St. Helena (tropical se Atlantic Ocean) | EXT, TAX | BirdLife International (2012) IUCN Red List. Tentatively moved to Zapornia from Porzana based on Olson's original description: (Olson, 1973). |
5281 | 5281 | Species | Little Crake | Zapornia parva | (Scopoli, 1769) | PAL : s and c Europe to nw China | TAX, PHY | Move from genus Porzana to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5282 | 5282 | Species | Spotless Crake | Zapornia tabuensis | (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | OR, AU : Luzon and Mindoro (n Philippines), Timor (e Lesser Sundas), Australasian region and Oceania | SSP, TAX, PHY | Move from genus Porzana to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5283 | 5283 | Species | Kosrae Crake | Zapornia monasa | (Kittlitz, 1858) | PO : Kosrae (e Caroline Is., c Micronesia) | EXT, TAX, PHY | See Walters (1988). |
5284 | 5284 | Species | Tahiti Crake | Zapornia nigra | (Miller, JF, 1784) | PO : Tahiti (e Society Is., e Polynesia) | ||
5285 | 5285 | Species | Henderson Crake | Zapornia atra | (North, 1908) | PO : Henderson (c Pitcairn group, se Polynesia) | ENG, TAX, PHY | Change English name of Porzana atra from Red-eyed Crake to established Henderson Crake. Move from genus Porzana to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5286 | 5286 | Species | Hawaiian Rail | Zapornia sandwichensis | (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | PO : Hawaii (Hawaiian Is.) | EXT, TAX, PHY | Move from genus Porzana to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5287 | 5287 | Species | Laysan Rail | Zapornia palmeri | (Frohawk, 1892) | PO : Laysan (Northwestern Hawaiian Is.) | EXT, TAX, PHY | Move from genus Porzana to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; Dickinson & Remsen 2013). |
5288 | 5288 | Genus | Rallina | Gray, GR, 1846 | ||||
5289 | 5289 | Species | Slaty-legged Crake | Rallina eurizonoides | (Lafresnaye, 1845) | OR, AU : widespread | ||
5290 | 5290 | ssp | R. e. amauroptera | (Jerdon, 1864) | nw Pakistan, India | |||
5291 | 5291 | ssp | R. e. telmatophila | Hume, 1878 | Myanmar to se China and Indochina | |||
5292 | 5292 | ssp | R. e. sepiaria | (Stejneger, 1887) | Ryukyu Is. (s Japan) | |||
5293 | 5293 | ssp | R. e. alvarezi | Kennedy, RS & Ross, CA, 1987 | Batan Is. (far n Philippines) | |||
5294 | 5294 | ssp | R. e. formosana | Seebohm, 1894 | Taiwan, including Lanyu I. | |||
5295 | 5295 | ssp | R. e. eurizonoides | (Lafresnaye, 1845) | Philippines (except Batan and Palawan group) and Palau (w Caroline Is., w Micronesia) | |||
5296 | 5296 | ssp | R. e. minahasa | Wallace, 1863 | Sulawesi, Banggai and Sula is. (e of Sulawesi) | |||
5297 | 5297 | Species | Andaman Crake | Rallina canningi | (Blyth, 1863) | OR : Andaman Is. | ||
5298 | 5298 | Species | Red-legged Crake | Rallina fasciata | (Raffles, 1822) | OR : s Myanmar to Indonesian Arch. and Philippines (except East Visayas and Mindanao) | ||
5299 | 5299 | Species | Red-necked Crake | Rallina tricolor | Gray, GR, 1858 | AU : Talaud Is. (ne of ne Sulawesi), n, s Moluccas, New Guinea and satellites, Mussau, Lavongai (=New Hanover), New Ireland (ne Bismarck Arch.) and ne Cape York Pen., ne QLD (ne Australia) | ||
5300 | 5300 | Genus | Gymnocrex | Salvadori, 1875 | ||||
5301 | 5301 | Species | Blue-faced Rail | Gymnocrex rosenbergii | (Schlegel, 1866) | AU : Sulawesi, Togian Is. (between ne and ec Sulawesi) and Banggai Is. (e of Sulawesi) | ||
5302 | 5302 | Species | Talaud Rail | Gymnocrex talaudensis | Lambert, 1998 | AU : Karakelong (Talaud Is., ne of ne Sulawesi) | ||
5303 | 5303 | Species | Bare-eyed Rail | Gymnocrex plumbeiventris | (Gray, GR, 1862) | AU : n Moluccas and New Guinea | ||
5304 | 5304 | ssp | G. p. plumbeiventris | (Gray, GR, 1862) | n Moluccas, Misool (Raja Ampat Is., nw of New Guinea), Aru Is., (sw of New Guinea), Biak (Geelvink Bay is., nw New Guinea), New Guinea, Karkar (n of ne New Guinea) and New Ireland (ne Bismarck Arch.) | SSP | Includes hoeveni (Beehler & Pratt 2016). | |
5305 | 5305 | ssp | G. p. intactus | (Sclater, PL, 1869) | ? Solomon Is. | SSP | G. plumbeiventris intactus is recognized based on Knox & Walters (1994). Often synonymized with nominate, but morphologically distinct. | |
5306 | 5306 | Genus | Himantornis | Hartlaub, 1855 | ||||
5307 | 5307 | Species | Nkulengu Rail | Himantornis haematopus | Hartlaub, 1855 | AF : Sierra Leone to Uganda and c DR Congo | ||
5308 | 5308 | Genus | Megacrex | D'Albertis & Salvadori, 1879 | ||||
5309 | 5309 | Species | New Guinea Flightless Rail | Megacrex inepta | D'Albertis & Salvadori, 1879 | AU : wc to ec New Guinea | ENG | Change English name of Megacrex inepta to New Guinea Flightless Rail (Gregory 2009). |
5310 | 5310 | ssp | M. i. pallida | Rand, 1938 | nc New Guinea | |||
5311 | 5311 | ssp | M. i. inepta | D'Albertis & Salvadori, 1879 | sc New Guinea | |||
5312 | 5312 | Genus | Poliolimnas | Sharpe, 1893 | ||||
5313 | 5313 | Species | White-browed Crake | Poliolimnas cinereus | (Vieillot, 1819) | OR, AU : ne India, s se Asia, Malay Pen., Indonesian Arch. and Philippines, New Guinea and some satellites, n Australia to wc Polynesia | PHY, TAX | Formerly placed in Porzana. More recently included by some in Amaurornis but recent studies show it to be close to Megacrex. Place in the monotypic genus Poliolimnas (Garcia-R et al. 2020). Note gender. |
5314 | 5314 | Genus | Aenigmatolimnas | Peters, JL, 1932 | ||||
5315 | 5315 | Species | Striped Crake | Aenigmatolimnas marginalis | (Hartlaub, 1857) | AF : Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon to c DR Congo and Gabon | PHY, TAX | Placed by some in Amaurornis (Slikas et al. 2002; H&M 4), but recent phylogenies are consistent with retaining it in a monotypic genus (Garcia-R et al. 2020). |
5316 | 5316 | Genus | Gallicrex | Blyth, 1852 | PHY | Sequence between Aenigmatolimnas and Amaurornis is consistent with recent phylogenetic studies (Garcia-R et al. 2020). | ||
5317 | 5317 | Species | Watercock | Gallicrex cinerea | (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | OR : Pakistan and Maldives through ne China, Korean Pen., Ryukyu Is. (Japan) through Philippines and Greater Sundas | ||
5318 | 5318 | Genus | Amaurornis | Reichenbach, 1853 | PHY, TAX | Revision of three species of Amaurornis (akool, flavirostra, olivieri) to Zapornia (Slikas et al. 2002; H&M 4; Stervander et al. 2019). | ||
5319 | 5319 | Species | White-breasted Waterhen | Amaurornis phoenicurus | (Pennant, 1769) | OR, AU : Pakistan and Maldives through e China, Philippines, Wallacea and Indonesian Arch. | SSP | Subspecies taxonomy unsettled. Treatment here follows Ripley (1977). |
5320 | 5320 | ssp | A. p. phoenicurus | (Pennant, 1769) | s Asia, Malay Arch., Sangihe and Talaud (n of ne Sulawesi) and Philippines | SSP | Includes chinensis, javanica, maldiva. | |
5321 | 5321 | ssp | A. p. insularis | Sharpe, 1894 | Andaman and Nicobar Is. (except Car Nibobar and c Nicobar Is.) | SSP | s Nicobar population is tentatively assigned to this subspecies. | |
5322 | 5322 | ssp | A. p. leucocephalus | Abdulali, 1964 | Car Nicobar I.. | SSP | Recognize following Praveen & Khot (2023). | |
5323 | 5323 | ssp | A. p. midnicobarica | Abdulali, 1979 | c Nicobar Is. | SSP | Recognize following Taylor (1996) and Rasmussen & Anderton (2012). | |
5324 | 5324 | ssp | A. p. leucomelana | (Müller, S, 1842) | Sulawesi and satellites, Sula Is. (e of Sulawesi), Moluccas and Lesser Sundas | SSP | Includes variabilis. | |
5325 | 5325 | Species | Plain Bush-hen | Amaurornis olivacea | (Meyen, 1834) | OR : Philippines (except Palawan group) | ||
5326 | 5326 | Species | Talaud Bush-hen | Amaurornis magnirostris | Lambert, 1998 | AU : Karakelong (Talaud Is., ne of ne Sulawesi) | ||
5327 | 5327 | Species | Isabelline Bush-hen | Amaurornis isabellina | (Schlegel, 1865) | AU : Sulawesi | ||
5328 | 5328 | Species | Pale-vented Bush-hen | Amaurornis moluccana | (Wallace, 1865) | AU : Sangihe (n of ne Sulawesi), Sula Is. (e of Sulawesi) and Moluccas to New Guinea and satellites, Australia and Solomon Is. | AS | Amaurornis moluccana is split from A. olivacea (Livezey 1998; Christidis & Boles 2008; BLI 1.0). |
5329 | 5329 | ssp | A. m. moluccana | (Wallace, 1865) | Sangihe (n of ne Sulawesi), Moluccas, Misool (Raja Ampat Is., nw of New Guinea) and w, n New Guinea | |||
5330 | 5330 | ssp | A. m. nigrifrons | (Hartert, EJO, 1926) | Bismarck Arch. and w Solomon Is. | |||
5331 | 5331 | ssp | A. m. ultima | Mayr, 1949 | e Solomon Is. | |||
5332 | 5332 | ssp | A. m. ruficrissa | (Gould, 1869) | s, e New Guinea and ne WA to ne NSW (n, ne Australia) | |||
5333 | 5333 | Genus | Aphanapteryx | Frauenfeld, 1868 | ||||
5334 | 5334 | Species | Red Rail | Aphanapteryx bonasia | (de Sélys-Longchamps, 1848) | IO : Mauritius (c Mascarenes) | EXT | See Fuller (2001, 2002; Cheke & Hume 2008). |
5335 | 5335 | Genus | Erythromachus | Milne-Edwards, 1873 | ||||
5336 | 5336 | Species | Rodrigues Rail | Erythromachus leguati | Milne-Edwards, 1873 | IO : Rodrigues I. | EXT | See Fuller (2001, 2002; Cheke & Hume 2008). |
5337 | 5337 | Blank | ||||||
5338 | 5338 | Family | Trumpeters | Family Psophiidae | PS | Proposed revision of trumpeter species taxonomy under review (Ribas et al. 2012; SACC 607). | ||
5339 | 5339 | Genus | Psophia | Linnaeus, 1758 | ||||
5340 | 5340 | Species | Grey-winged Trumpeter | Psophia crepitans | Linnaeus, 1758 | SA : n Amazonia | ||
5341 | 5341 | ssp | P. c. crepitans | Linnaeus, 1758 | Venezuela and se Colombia through the Guianas and n Brazil | |||
5342 | 5342 | ssp | P. c. napensis | Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1873 | se Colombia to ne Peru and nw Brazil | |||
5343 | 5343 | ssp | P. c. ochroptera | Pelzeln, 1857 | nc Brazil | SSP | Transfer to P. crepitans from P. leucoptera to avoid paraphyly (Ribas et al. 2012; SACC 607). | |
5344 | 5344 | Species | Pale-winged Trumpeter | Psophia leucoptera | Spix, 1825 | SA : w Amazonia | SSP | Treat as monotypic (Ribas et al. 2012; SACC 607). |
5345 | 5345 | Species | Dark-winged Trumpeter | Psophia viridis | Spix, 1825 | SA : s Amazonia | PS | Three subspecies of Dark-winged Trumpeter may deserve species status (Oppenheimer & Silveira 2009). |
5346 | 5346 | ssp | P. v. viridis | Spix, 1825 | from Rio Madeira to Rio Tapajós (c Brazil) | |||
5347 | 5347 | ssp | P. v. dextralis | Conover, 1934 | from Rio Tapajós to Rio Tocantins (ec Brazil) | |||
5348 | 5348 | ssp | P. v. obscura | Pelzeln, 1857 | from Rio Tocantins through ne Pará (ne Brazil) | |||
5349 | 5349 | Blank | ||||||
5350 | 5350 | Family | Cranes | Family Gruidae | PHY, TAX | Classification follows Krajewski et al. (2010); H&M 4. | ||
5351 | 5351 | Genus | Balearica | Brisson, 1760 | ||||
5352 | 5352 | Species | Grey Crowned Crane | Balearica regulorum | (Bennett, ET, 1834) | AF : e, se | ||
5353 | 5353 | ssp | B. r. gibbericeps | Reichenow, 1892 | s Uganda and Kenya to n Zimbabwe and n Mozambique | |||
5354 | 5354 | ssp | B. r. regulorum | (Bennett, ET, 1834) | s Angola and n Namibia to Zimbabwe and e South Africa | |||
5355 | 5355 | Species | Black Crowned Crane | Balearica pavonina | (Linnaeus, 1758) | AF : ne, c, w | ||
5356 | 5356 | ssp | B. p. ceciliae | Mitchell, PC, 1904 | sw Chad to w Ethiopia to nw Kenya and n Uganda | |||
5357 | 5357 | ssp | B. p. pavonina | (Linnaeus, 1758) | Senegal and Gambia to Chad | |||
5358 | 5358 | Genus | Leucogeranus | Bonaparte, 1855 | PHY, TAX | Move Siberian Crane from Grus to Leucogeranus (Krajewski et al. 2010). | ||
5359 | 5359 | Species | Siberian Crane | Leucogeranus leucogeranus | (Pallas, 1773) | PAL : nw, ec Siberia | ||
5360 | 5360 | Genus | Antigone | Reichenbach, 1853 | PHY, TAX | Move canadensis clade of Grus cranes to genus Antigone (Krajewski et al. 2010; NACC 2016-C-4). | ||
5361 | 5361 | Species | Sandhill Crane | Antigone canadensis | (Linnaeus, 1758) | NA : widespread | ||
5362 | 5362 | ssp | A. c. canadensis | (Linnaeus, 1758) | ne Siberia through Alaska and n Canada to Baffin I. | |||
5363 | 5363 | ssp | A. c. tabida | (Peters, JL, 1925) | s Canada and w, c USA | SSP | Includes rowani; clinal, with insignificant genetic differentiation (Rhymer et al. 2001). | |
5364 | 5364 | ssp | A. c. pratensis | (Meyer, FAA, 1794) | Georgia and Florida (USA) | |||
5365 | 5365 | ssp | A. c. pulla | (Aldrich, 1972) | Mississippi (USA) | |||
5366 | 5366 | ssp | A. c. nesiotes | (Bangs & Zappey, 1905) | Cuba and Isle of Pines | |||
5367 | 5367 | Species | White-naped Crane | Antigone vipio | (Pallas, 1811) | PAL : se Siberia, ne Mongolia and ne China | ||
5368 | 5368 | Species | Sarus Crane | Antigone antigone | (Linnaeus, 1758) | OR, AU : n India, se Asia and n Australia | SSP | The status of the extinct Philippine population A. a. luzonica Hachisuka, 1941 is unsettled. Usually treated as synonymous with A. a. sharpii, but recent genetic analyses suggest that it may be subspecifically distinct (Nevard et al. 2020). |
5369 | 5369 | ssp | A. a. antigone | (Linnaeus, 1758) | n India, Nepal and Bangladesh | |||
5370 | 5370 | ssp | A. a. sharpii | (Blanford, 1895) | Cambodia and s Laos (extinct Philippines) | |||
5371 | 5371 | ssp | A. a. gillae | (Schodde, Blackman & Haffenden, 1989) | n QLD (ne Australia) | |||
5372 | 5372 | Species | Brolga | Antigone rubicunda | (Perry, 1810) | AU : Trans-Fly (sc New Guinea) and n, c, e Australia | ||
5373 | 5373 | Genus | Grus | Brisson, 1760 | PHY, TAX, SEQ | Grus includes embedded genera Anthropoides (paradiseus, virgo) and Bugeranus (carunculatus) following H&M 4; but see Krajewski et al. (2010). | ||
5374 | 5374 | Species | Wattled Crane | Grus carunculata | (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | AF : DR Congo and Tanzania to Botswana, Zimbabwe and South Africa | PHY, TAX | Perhaps best separated into Bugeranus (Krajewski et al. 2010; BLI)? |
5375 | 5375 | Species | Blue Crane | Grus paradisea | (Lichtenstein, AAH, 1793) | AF : South Africa | PHY, TAX | Perhaps best separated into Anthropoides (Krajewski et al. 2010; BLI)? |
5376 | 5376 | Species | Demoiselle Crane | Grus virgo | (Linnaeus, 1758) | PAL : nw Africa, e Turkey, sw Russia to n China | PHY, TAX | Perhaps best separated into Anthropoides (Krajewski et al. 2010; BLI)? |
5377 | 5377 | Species | Red-crowned Crane | Grus japonensis | (Müller, PLS, 1776) | PAL : se Siberia, ne China and Japan | ||
5378 | 5378 | Species | Whooping Crane | Grus americana | (Linnaeus, 1758) | NA : c Canada and c USA | ||
5379 | 5379 | Species | Common Crane | Grus grus | (Linnaeus, 1758) | PAL : widespread | SSP | Treated as monotypic following Archibald & Meine (1996); includes lilfordi and archibaldi. |
5380 | 5380 | Species | Hooded Crane | Grus monacha | Temminck, 1835 | PAL : se Siberia and n China | ||
5381 | 5381 | Species | Black-necked Crane | Grus nigricollis | Przevalski, 1876 | PAL : Tibet and wc China | ||
5382 | 5382 | Blank | ||||||
5383 | 5383 | Family | Limpkin | Family Aramidae | ||||
5384 | 5384 | Genus | Aramus | Vieillot, 1816 | ||||
5385 | 5385 | Species | Limpkin | Aramus guarauna | (Linnaeus, 1766) | NA, MA, SA : se USA to Argentina | ||
5386 | 5386 | ssp | A. g. pictus | (Meyer, FAA, 1794) | Florida (USA), Cuba and Jamaica | |||
5387 | 5387 | ssp | A. g. elucus | Peters, JL, 1925 | Hispaniola and Puerto Rico | |||
5388 | 5388 | ssp | A. g. dolosus | Peters, JL, 1925 | se Mexico to Panama | |||
5389 | 5389 | ssp | A. g. guarauna | (Linnaeus, 1766) | n South America to Paraguay and Argentina | |||
5390 | 5390 | Blank |