ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXY
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GROUP A (tropical)
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Every month at 18C or higher with significant preciptation for at least some of the year
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Preciptation
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SummerWinter
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Tropical rainforestAfWet (>60mm)Wet (>60mm)
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Tropical monsoonAmDry (<60mm)
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SavannahAw/AsDry (<60mm)
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GROUP B (arid)
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Significant low precipitation year round
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TemperaturePrecipitation
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SummerWinter
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Hot desertBWhHot (>18C)Hot (>18C)Very low
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Cold desertBWkVariableMild-cold (<18C)Very low
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Hot semi-aridBShHot (>18C)Hot (>18C)Low
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Cold semi-aridBSkVariableMild-cold (<18C)Low
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GROUP C (temperate)
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Mild temperatures, low variation year around
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This group can be further subdivided depending on precipitation variation throughout the year:
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Cs group (Mediterranean)
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Dry summer, mild, rainy winter
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TemperaturePrecipitation
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SummerWinterSummerWinter
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Hot-summer MediterraneanCsa>22C18 - -3CLow3 x summer"Mediterranean" in the Climate Cookbook
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Cool-summer MediterraneanCsb<22C18 - -3C
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A cold winter variant, Csc (coldest month below either 0 or -3C) also exists. This is very rare, confined to small areas, and not shown on the Sena map.
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Cw group (monsoon influenced)
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Large variances in precipitation between summer and winter
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TemperaturePrecipitation
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SummerWinterSummerWinter
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Monsoon subtropicalCwa>22C18C - 0CWetDry"Temperate Monsoon" in the Climate Cookbook
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Monsoon temperateCwb<22C>0C
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Monsoon subpolarCwcMild-cold
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Cf group (oceanic)
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No significant variation between summer and winter precipitation
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TemperaturePrecipitation
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SummerWinterSummerWinter
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Humid subtropicalCfa>22C18C - 0CNo significant difference"Maritime East Coast" in the Climate Cookbook
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Temperate oceanicCfb<22C>0C"Maritime West Coast" in the Climate Cookbook
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Subpolar oceanicCfcMild-cold
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GROUP D (continental)
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High temperature variation with at least one month averaging <0C and at least one averaging >10C
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As with group C, this group may be subdivided along preciptation lines
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Ds group (Mediterranean-influenced)
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Continental versions of the Cs group - dry summer, wet winter
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TemperaturePrecipitation
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SummerWinterSummerWinter
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MI hot summer HCDsa>22C<0CLow3 x summer
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MI warm summer HCDsb<22C
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MI subarctic continentalDscMild-cold
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There may also be an "extremely cold" variant, Dsd - summer as with DSc, coldest month averaging below -38C. This is not shown on the Sena map.
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Dw group (monsoon-influenced)
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Continental versions of the Cw group
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TemperaturePrecipitation
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SummerWinterSummerWinter
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MsI hot summer HCDwa>22C<0CWetDry"Manchurian" in the Climate Cookbook
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MsI warm summer HCDwb<22C
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MsI subarctic continentalDwcMild-cold"Subarctic east" in the Climate Cookbook
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As with the Ds group, an "extremnely cold" variant with >-38C average coldest month may exist but is not on the Sena map.
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Df group (regular continental)
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As with the Cf group, these climates do not have a significant enough precipitation difference to fit into the Ds or Dw groups
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TemperaturePrecipitation
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SummerWinterSummerWinter
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Hot summer humid CDfa>22C<0CNo significant difference"Laurentian" in the Climate Cookbook
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Warm summer humid CDfb<22C
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SubarcticDfcMild-cold
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The extreme cold variant here is Dfd, again not shown on the Sena map.
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GROUP E (Polar/alpine)
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Defined by low temperatures never exceeding an average of 10C. Precipitation does not matter.
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Temperature
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SummerWinter
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TundraET>10C>0C
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IceEF>0C>0C