| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | AA | |
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1 | Study/Release | Test Type | Infected (%) | Undercount/ Ascertainment Bias | Regional IFR (%) | Population | Link | ||||||||||||||||||||
2 | Belgium study | Serological | 6.40 | Hospital workers, students etc | https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2767382?guestAccessKey=2c09fc03-d85b-4333-82c7-effc17189baf&utm_source=silverchair&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=article_alert-jama&utm_content=olf&utm_term=061520 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | Geneva study | Serological | 7.90 | Household survey | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620313040?via%3Dihub | ||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | Israeli Study | Serological | 2.50 | 10.00 | 0.14 | Israeli Population | http://archive.is/5RIOw | ||||||||||||||||||||
5 | UK Survey (ONS) | PCR | 2.40 | Random households with multiple tests per household | https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/bulletins/coronaviruscovid19infectionsurveypilot/28may2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | UK Survey (ONS) | Serological | 6.78 | Random households with multiple tests per household | https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/bulletins/coronaviruscovid19infectionsurveypilot/28may2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
7 | IFR Extrapolation from NYC Data | Serological | 25.00 | 25.00 | 0.86 | NYC extrapolated to US | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3590771 | ||||||||||||||||||||
8 | NYC Antibody Respons Study | Serological | 50.00 | 21.00 | 0.39 | NYC self-selected antibody testing | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.23.20111427v1.full.pdf | ||||||||||||||||||||
9 | Swedish Continuous Study | Serological | 5.00 | 42.00 | 0.23 | Swedish Citizens | https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/nyheter-och-press/nyhetsarkiv/2020/maj/forsta-resultaten-fran-pagaende-undersokning-av-antikroppar-for-covid-19-virus/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
10 | LA County | Serological | 4.65 | 43.00 | 0.07 | LA County | https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2766367 | ||||||||||||||||||||
11 | Milan Study | Serological | 10.80 | 7.30 | 1.19 | Milan Population | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.11.20098442v1.full | ||||||||||||||||||||
12 | Global IFR Estimate | Meta-analysis | 0.38 | 6.29 | 1.04 | Global meta-analysis of data | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.11.20098780v1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
13 | Luxembourg Study | Serological | 1.97 | 3.50 | 0.71 | Luxembourg Population | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.11.20092916v1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
14 | French Study | Serological/PCR | 4.40 | 15.00 | 0.70 | French Population | https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/05/12/science.abc3517 | ||||||||||||||||||||
15 | IUPUI Study | Serological | 2.80 | 7.39 | 0.58 | Hoosier Population | https://news.iu.edu/stories/2020/05/iupui/releases/13-preliminary-findings-impact-covid-19-indiana-coronavirus.html | ||||||||||||||||||||
16 | Continuous Spanish Study | Serological | 5.50 | 10.05 | 0.80 | Whole Spanish Population | https://www.isciii.es/Noticias/Noticias/Paginas/Noticias/PrimerosDatosEstudioENECOVID19.aspx | ||||||||||||||||||||
17 | London HCW Screening | PCR | 7.10 | 35.00 | 0.54 | London Health Care Workers | https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)31100-4/fulltext | ||||||||||||||||||||
18 | Second Switzerland Study | Serological | 9.70 | 9.55 | 0.50 | Geneva | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.02.20088898v1.full.pdf | ||||||||||||||||||||
19 | SF Study | PCR | 1.40 | 7.04 | 0.25 | Mission District Latinx Population | https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2020/05/417356/initial-results-mission-district-covid-19-testing-announced | ||||||||||||||||||||
20 | Czech Study | Serological | 0.40 | 5.00 | 0.59 | Czech Population | https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-05-czech-covid-incidence-population.html | ||||||||||||||||||||
21 | Slovenia Study | Serological | 3.30 | 45.00 | 0.16 | Slovenian Population | https://www.gov.si/en/news/2020-05-06-first-study-carried-out-on-herd-immunity-of-the-population-in-the-whole-territory-of-slovenia/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
22 | Super-spreader Study | PCR | 15.50 | 5.00 | 0.36 | Super-spreader event in Germany | https://www.ukbonn.de/C12582D3002FD21D/vwLookupDownloads/Streeck_et_al_Infection_fatality_rate_of_SARS_CoV_2_infection2.pdf/%24FILE/Streeck_et_al_Infection_fatality_rate_of_SARS_CoV_2_infection2.pdf | ||||||||||||||||||||
23 | Swedish Serological Study | Serological | 10.00 | 25.00 | 0.18 | Stockholm | https://www.kth.se/aktuellt/nyheter/10-procent-av-stockholmarna-smittade-1.980727 | ||||||||||||||||||||
24 | Idaho Study | Serological/PCR | 1.79 | 13.00 | 0.17 | Boise Population | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.27.20082362v1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
25 | HCW Madrid Study | Serological/PCR | 11.20 | 31.00 | 0.56 | Madrid Hospital Workers | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.27.20082289v1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
26 | Iranian Study | Serological | 33.00 | 543.00 | 0.12 | Guilan province, Iran | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.26.20079244v1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
27 | Kobe Serology Study | Serological | 2.70 | 627.00 | 0.06 | Kobe, Japan | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.26.20079822v1.full.pdf | ||||||||||||||||||||
28 | Total COVID-19 Mortality in Italy | PCR | 67.00 | 35.00 | 0.50 | Italy extrapolated to NYC | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.15.20067074v2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
29 | Danish Blood Donor Study | Serological | 1.70 | 11.00 | 0.08 | Danish Blood Donors < 70 years old | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.24.20075291v1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
30 | Swedish Study | Serological | 20.00 | 105.00 | 0.11 | Swedish Hospital Workers | https://www.ds.se/om-oss/press2/#/pressreleases/var-femte-medarbetare-har-haft-covid-19-2994310 | ||||||||||||||||||||
31 | Continous New York State Study | Serological | 19.99 | 10.06 | 0.77 | New York City Residents | https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/amid-ongoing-covid-19-pandemic-governor-cuomo-announces-results-completed-antibody-testing | ||||||||||||||||||||
32 | Italian Epidemic Report | PCR | 10.70 | 30.00 | 0.40 | Italian Healthcare Workers | https://www.epicentro.iss.it/coronavirus/bollettino/Bollettino-sorveglianza-integrata-COVID-19_16-aprile-2020.pdf#page=13 | ||||||||||||||||||||
33 | International Medical Cluster Study | Serological | 10.00 | 50.00 | 0.03 | Moscow Residents | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-russia-antibodies/up-to-one-in-10-residents-of-moscow-may-have-had-coronavirus-infections-laboratory-idUSKCN2262Z7?utm_source=reddit.com | ||||||||||||||||||||
34 | Miami-Dade Study | Serological | 6.00 | 15.00 | 0.20 | Miami-Dade Residents | https://www.miamiherald.com/news/coronavirus/article242260406.html?fbclid=IwAR2svgTSw4gmNvTrCl35bG1lYQtmqkMXOc4Sre_92zLdJx1Uyr1T6FeaR2U | ||||||||||||||||||||
35 | New York Study | Serological | 13.90 | 11.20 | 0.56 | New York State Residents | https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/amid-ongoing-covid-19-pandemic-governor-cuomo-announces-statewide-antibody-testing-survey-will | ||||||||||||||||||||
36 | Northern France Study | Serological | 25.90 | 582.00 | 0.00 | Oise high school students | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.18.20071134v1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
37 | Northern France Study | Serological | 3.00 | 69.00 | 0.50 | Oise blood donors | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.18.20071134v1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
38 | Ohio Prison Data | PCR | 66.00 | 0.57 | Marion Correctional Institution | https://drc.ohio.gov/Portals/0/DRC%20COVID-19%20Information%2005-03-2020%201253.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||||
39 | Ohio Prison Data | PCR | 73.00 | 1.44 | Pickaway Correctional Institution | https://drc.ohio.gov/Portals/0/DRC%20COVID-19%20Information%2005-03-2020%201253.pdf | |||||||||||||||||||||
40 | Greek Repatriation Flights | PCR | 6.30 | 59.65 | 0.15 | Repatriated Barcelonians | https://academic.oup.com/jtm/article/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa054/5820895 | ||||||||||||||||||||
41 | Switzerland Study | Serological | 5.50 | 10.00 | 0.40 | Geneva | https://www.hug-ge.ch/medias/communique-presse/seroprevalence-covid-19-premiere-estimation | ||||||||||||||||||||
42 | LA County Flu Surveillance | PCR | 5.00 | 100.00 | 0.01 | LA Flu Surveillance | https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764137?guestAccessKey=525fc308-4cd3-4670-ad73-15b8b019f2a8&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=033120&fbclid=IwAR002a6aaBUV-_4OMIzIofWAjp_DAbB8hZejGVA5BLOvrEUR68tVb1prP8A | ||||||||||||||||||||
43 | Wuhan Hospital | Serological | 10.00 | 22.10 | 0.36 | Wuhan Region | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jmv.25904 | ||||||||||||||||||||
44 | Chelesa Data | Serological | 33.00 | 30.10 | 0.71 | Chelesa Street Survey | https://www.bostonglobe.com/2020/04/17/business/nearly-third-200-blood-samples-taken-chelsea-show-exposure-coronavirus/?fbclid=IwAR3XQlYzGz7cMfc3nmQSAbG8jTICJ7nkG8ZMfH-fObf8QmQ2FYthvSiAEkQ | ||||||||||||||||||||
45 | Santa Clara County | Serological | 2.80 | 24.50 | 0.17 | Santa Clara County | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.14.20062463v2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
46 | Flu-like Surveillance | PCR | 10.00 | 100.00 | 0.05 | Flu Surveillance | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.01.20050542v2?fbclid=IwAR0ccDKohage1txFGvJ7kSZavLbhx1xUg_-UcxT_Kjq43rAKXh2GB-0Ttxc | ||||||||||||||||||||
47 | Dutch Survey | Serological | 3.00 | 31.00 | 0.67 | Netherlands | https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-25862/v1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
48 | German Survey | Serological | 14.00 | 20.00 | 0.37 | Gangelt | https://www.uni-bonn.de/news/111-2020?set_language=en | ||||||||||||||||||||
49 | Iceland Continous Sampling | PCR | 1.00 | 0.28 | Iceland | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2006100 | |||||||||||||||||||||
50 | Finnish Institute | Serological | 3.40 | 6.00 | 0.39 | Helsinki | https://thl.fi/en/web/thlfi-en/-/number-of-people-with-coronavirus-infections-may-be-dozens-of-times-higher-than-the-number-of-confirmed-cases?fbclid=IwAR3bDYNRIQBQFxhJdrmjypoHtbk_thqb5E_ayR9IUU3FUGeXrP3oc6GwpS0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
51 | Scottish Blood Donors | Serological | 0.60 | 20.00 | Scotland | https://figshare.com/articles/Serological_analysis_of_1000_Scottish_blood_donor_samples_for_anti-SARSCoV2_antibodies_collected_in_March_2020/12116778/2?fbclid=IwAR1wkF1QVZeAt6jDNmeWVJwBmK6Bo8zYPnBRJruvfOYqYO9qFEXuMndjpI8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
52 | Homeless Sample | PCR | 36.00 | 37.00 | 0.08 | Boston Homeless | https://www.wbur.org/commonhealth/2020/04/14/coronavirus-boston-homeless-testing?fbclid=IwAR0Ai5luXYXKOGLB8Y-znlk0yXakg5Q_R_mowEV1bU8AGt15VaC2a99Ft7g | ||||||||||||||||||||
53 | Pregnant Sample | PCR | 14.00 | 17.00 | 0.53 | Pregnant Women in NYC | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2009316?fbclid=IwAR0MOuMrCb3xe0lfiNMZwND4FN_HSDimM_fLdBrmDXuWeJzLVc4bnKlH48M | ||||||||||||||||||||
54 | Pregnant Sample | PCR | 7.00 | 143.00 | 0.05 | Pregnant Women in Sweden | https://www.svt.se/nyheter/inrikes/coronatestar-alla-gravida-pa-forlossningen-sju-procent-smittade?fbclid=IwAR2nGl4OLF0rduQVKr3YF4C1K54s45jIym8Y0eEpQTNlfriIkGKrDveCcG0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
55 | Madrid Study | PCR | 11.60 | 31.00 | 0.54 | Madrid Hospital Workers | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.07.20055723v1?fbclid=IwAR0mg2DXxFZUNuzYuGuQOkwgQySH5_bUpwODJdWeWFONjCAbheml28hxPCs | ||||||||||||||||||||
56 | Swedish Study | PCR | 2.50 | 20.00 | 0.08 | Stockholm | https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/nyheter-och-press/nyhetsarkiv/2020/april/resultat-fran-undersokning-av-forekomsten-av-covid-19-i-region-stockholm/?fbclid=IwAR2YDRAod3hXJ8CB0-2n3VB2ei30LFB3jsN6Ek9MolXitelycNv6ZpIrm-g | ||||||||||||||||||||
57 | Denmark Study | Serological | 70.00 | 0.05 | Capital Region | https://www.sst.dk/-/media/Udgivelser/2020/Corona/Status-og-strategi/COVID19_Status-6-uge.ashx?la=da&hash=6819E71BFEAAB5ACA55BD6161F38B75F1EB05999&fbclid=IwAR0yF9-CVqtvldch1wRB0d2esxDwzH-rjv3XRJq62Qt1WWAkR48BIMauvbI | |||||||||||||||||||||
58 | Gibraltar Study | PCR | 2.00 | 7.00 | 0.00 | Gibraltar Region | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FnlMRUWSX2Q&fbclid=IwAR1UO7j5YD_QQnaBwCJRyk1fxr1j0_Vkr7pLJCmqvbvXHPt1FMB82BpYr0U | ||||||||||||||||||||
59 | Private SF Study | Serological | 0.50 | 10.00 | 0.15 | Self-Selected SF Residents | https://twitter.com/friedberg/status/1245461209542868992?s=20&fbclid=IwAR2gmBbFnTMcp4pl2d-x8nkvQDXVRB3q-4h3Og3etHmxXZ4W5-g_NbyaABE | ||||||||||||||||||||
60 | Italy Town Sample | PCR | 70.00 | 10.00 | 1.00 | Sample of whole Italian town | https://www.lastampa.it/topnews/primo-piano/2020/04/02/news/coronavirus-castiglione-d-adda-e-un-caso-di-studio-il-70-dei-donatori-di-sangue-e-positivo-1.38666481?fbclid=IwAR2w8-93Obhq4uRHpZYbbn-yEO_LjmCPMtQdXQ-wkkmCInIj9rxXJeEAwJc | ||||||||||||||||||||
61 | San Miguel Sample | Serological | 2.00 | 15.00 | 0.00 | Sample of whole Colorado town | https://www.sanmiguelcountyco.gov/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=511&fbclid=IwAR3XfQkv1OCSuOY-w1FkDCu0BDGnG07yf-D9_Ilne_Bd8oYAnJ80S6w2QZU | ||||||||||||||||||||
62 | Italian Analysis | PCR | 5.00 | 1.00 | Repatriation Data | https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(20)30227-9/fulltext?fbclid=IwAR3b9eOpxeQLbUxmxjFHGK2b2M2tM7dRerS0Y5cWPV6H6B1QPqZsN_GzDX0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
63 | Wuhan Repatriation | PCR | 34.00 | 46.00 | 0.12 | Repatriation Flights | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.12.20022434v2?fbclid=IwAR0xX_0fZLr2K0DCh9X8uIlbE1GJPnRpDikxBrah3UD14vRP21yI3kHDBR8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
64 | Wuhan Flu Surveillance | PCR | 1.40 | 20.00 | Wuhan Flu Data | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-020-0713-1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
65 | Covid-19 Simulation | PCR | 0.60 | Repatriation Data | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.09.20033357v1.full.pdf?fbclid=IwAR3ATHWmq2CQRMGy95V-YV6LZ4hBZcXt2WJuKhmEBxuvcoHY9mdNM-HsB8E | ||||||||||||||||||||||
66 | Covid-19 Simulation | PCR | 5.00 | Simulation | https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/03/24/science.abb3221.full?fbclid=IwAR3NQ_ybQnjzyysGQPvLsb-9zfKOoHYY22CJMMbry7-mCGEC1LYcTjQf0Z0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
67 | Early French Analysis | PCR | 8.00 | 0.80 | Simulation | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.22.20040915v4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
68 | Median Averages | 20.00 | 0.38 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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70 | Scientific analysis of these studies | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.13.20101253v1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
71 | CDC use of 0.4% IFR for planning | https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/planning-scenarios.html | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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