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TopicSOK YearPresenterSubjectEt al.URL
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Cultural: Wolf Night1993Paul Marks & Paul Jackson, et al.1993 #11
Wolf Moiety night
Ross leads with a song that starts dance. Money blanket;
Soft focus until 2:10
4:00 group leader (Ketchikan & Saxman) invites conference to their communities. Forest DeWitt. 8:00 Andy Hope expresses thanks -- planning for 1.5 years, incredible planning committee.
8:55 Richard Jackson accepts clan conf.
11:00 Wifred Jackson, notes father raised in Klukwan, family of 14; intros memorial song.
14:30 Esther Shay to mic: intros dance led by Esther’s sister’s grandson.
21:00 Dance ends
21:10 Harold Jacobs (in Tlingit)
23:40 in English explains Tlingit intro
25:00 Naming of Harry Morris (inland) and Steve Henrikson
26:25 Naming of Harry Morris
27:45 Naming of Steve Henrikson
3:30 Austin Hammond (name is to be said 4 times)
Ross Soboleff; Forrest DeWitt; Andy Hope; Richard Jackson, Esther Shay, Roy Jackson; https://youtu.be/wcri9QtEY-w
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1993Sergei Kan1993 #4
Sergei Kan “Tlingit Source Bibliography”

Opens with Andy Hope intro Sergei
0:45 Sergei, born in Russia, came to US 20 years before; long ambition to come to Alaska due to the Russian connection/Russian Church.
2:00 Came to Sitka, met Andy at SCA, very friendly. Through Andy, met the Littlefields, adopted into the Box House (Kaagwaantaan), my family, my clan.
3:35 Met Mark Jacobs Jr, who decided with his brother Harvey to give Sergei a Killer Whale name
3:50 intro to his presentation on list of oral/written sources on Tlingit history. Now have a substantial personal archive.
5:00 Sitka Russian church archives -- Tlingit names and given Russian names. Sergei met with old timers, read them the names and find connections.
6:00 Why were there two Sikat Russian orthodox brotherhoods: priest didn’t know or wouldn’t talk about it. But St. Gabriel Brotherhood and St Michael of different clans, brotherhoods reflected Sitka social structure why the Russian church made much more sense to the Tlingits at that time late 1800s.
7:30 Tried same at Angoon: with Jimmie & Lydia George, Matthew Fred, Bessie & George Jim, etc. Tried to fill in the gaps with the written record. Possible to reconstruct the names.
9:30 about criticism of past ethnographers: lets not throw out the baby with the bathwater. What they recorded can be of help: one of the reasons for this conference.
10:40 an annotated bibliography with explanatory notes (were they adopted, were they conversant in the culture).
11:30 What was the attitude of the researcher to Native people: mentions one (Kaminsky) who was a good observer, but had biases. Compares him to St. Innocent (who was much more open minded). So in my introduction to the book how to separate own judgmental, inappropriate comments from historical details.
13:00 mention of a staff given as a gift that has context. (in the St. Petersburg museum) -- has detail of the provenance of the staff when given at which koo.eex, all the way down to a distant Sitka koo.eex. With these details we can put up with his commentary on language which he did not understand.
15:30 abruptly cuts off at mention of the Kraus book.




https://youtu.be/JYedQS3SzvM
6
1993Jeff Leer1993 #7
Waterman Papers by Jeff Leer

Rosita Worl intros Jeff Leer, how he got involved as a youngster in learning Tlingit, how he met Nora Dauenhauer & Rosita.
1:24 Leer comes to the mic, intros Waterman Papers
Waterman Manuscript by Thomas E Waterman, working for Bureau of Ethnology in early 1900s. 41st annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology reports Waterman’s assignment to Alaska in March 1922, with instructions to assess Native towns (totems and monuments), also entered place names, mostly around Ketchikan/Saxman area. He worked with Pete Williams of the Tongass Tribe, related to Frank Williams (who Leer worked with).
Waterman used the spelling system of Boaz.
4:25 Took great pains to understand the names (their component parts); about 900 place names (did not include Heenya area).
5:40 place names are descriptive, so fairly easy to figure out. But some are so old they are not transparent and may be Tsimshian in origin (especially those on the mainland)
6:44 consulted with Emma Williams.
7:00 C-1992 sat with Esther Shayfor a couple of hours, and she knew quite a few of the names. We can recover about 3/4 of the names.
8:40 names that may be Tlingit. or Tsimshian
9:30 Places where many clan names are taken, like near Ketchikan, apparent Kiks.adi name is taken, and others (place of origin?)
10:55 May have been the site of the earliest Tlingit prolonged habitation. These (place names) are very important to understanding the prehistory of the Tlingit
Rosita Worlhttps://youtu.be/fCNs6JRu1VM
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Chief Shakes House1993Andy Hope & Jonathan DeWitt1993 #5 mp.4
Jonathan DeWitt presentation re: Restoration of Chief Shakes House

Andy Hope: intros, gives recommendations for future conferences; intros Shakes Island as an example of survival skills
3:22 Emmonds map of clan houses in Wrangell
5:10 Outlines 3 hour forum for elders panel
5:40 Jonathan DeWitt; remembers mother telling him about organizing for restoring Shakes: ANB/ANS. Mother compared it to White House. Memories of playing on the island.

https://youtu.be/-CHyePxvPqo
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1993Dick Stokes1993 #9
Dick Stokes re Chief Shakes House restoration

Dick Stokes comes to mic; Tlingit name, said to be “Voice of the Sea Lion.”
Refers to Chief Shakes as the Tribal House.
late 1960s, early 1970s, City wanted to take over.
1:34 Chamber of Commerce wanted to build gridirons and a new bridge to accommodate cars and trucks.
1:54 ANB member on the Chamber, opposed the projects.
2:17 ANB delegated two to approach Gov Egan, who agreed, told Comm George Easly, directed $50k for restoration. Many original CCC worker and tools used.
3:16 Complete restoration followed by a big celebration. At later date, house poles removed to controlled environment (stabilization)
4:00 Photographer allowed to spend the night in Chief Shakes to record house posts.
5:00 photos used for grants ($4k) to restore house posts.
6:24 Led to the formation of the Wrangell Cultural Heritage Society, and Margaret Sturdevant is the president.
7:35 Asks Andy to schedule in April (due to ferry schedule)
https://youtu.be/ER9Vgsc4bNE
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Resource Atlas1993Tom Thornton#3 Tlingit Resource Atlas

Thomas Thornton presentation
Andy Hope cites document found by Chuck Smythe, that documents how much “Our people really moved around.” A document from 1910, speaks about Chief Johnson pole and describes Elders Panel.
2:00 Intro to Tom Thornton
2:10 Tom Thornton says he is to introduction to a planned project: Tlingit Resource Atlas
3:35 Intros self: works for ADF&G, studying ethnogeology/native place names
4:20 the atlas is borne out of frustration for lack of such resources.
8:48 the concept of in-habitation. Dominant culture does recognize the people being part of an environment.
12:40 envisions a process at local level, where the group would decide how to represent the resources in an area.
16:05 Map done by George Davidson, UofC geographer, came here in 1860s to map area for US. Came here (Klukwan) and got together with Kohklux. Describes the process by with Kohklux and two wives drew the (now famous) map. Amusing article by Davidson describes the drawing (pencils but no erasers). A poignant cross culture encounter. Davidson remaerked that when they were done, took the pencil, and wrote down the names (leader was impressed that writing could preserve the names -- the beginning of reading and writing).
21:00 Potential content of a resource atlas: there are some prototypes (the Zuni Atlas).
22:00 ingredients (maps), ethno geography, Tlingit geography, intro Kwaan as a geographic concept (little known in SE generally) Goldschmidt and Hass did this.
23:44 Kwaan is a place name
24:00 Waterman manuscript, over 900 placenames, tlingit names are much more descriptive than English names.
24:50 Kadashan statement to Gov Brady: we know the names, why the country belongs to us. Heard there were no Tlingit names for Glacier Bay, only Lituya Bay. Found many more Tlingit names.
26:00 Cosmology: how you see the world/universe. The nature of the cosmose: motive is deep rooted needs to understand the world.
27:00 Waterman: Mr. Place Name. Lot of work in California.
28:00 the Raven story cyle - Cosmology. You could place this: places Raven created; geography of the flood, specific mountains; migration patterns of clans.
29:30 good reason for not publishing some information.
30:00 how many names end with Nu (fort)? Another dimension, how people made a living: harvest areas. Which villages sent workers to which canneries. Just some of the ideas relevant to a resource atlas -- not just traditional but modern as well.
31:41 Tom ends.
32:00 Andy closes: speaks of 20 years of working on crest book. Looking for description of land Tlingits inhabited: not just SE Alaska. Raven Creator Bioregion? Not useful due to Athabascan/Nahvajo connections. Canadian and US maps: white spaces on the other nation.
33:30 organizational details


















https://youtu.be/-HpHDM7KMUQ
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Welcome: Peace Treaty1993Walter Soboleff1993 #1
OPENING at Klukwan & TREATY
00:00 prayer by Walter Soboleff
2:55 Andy Hope, program changes A.N.S.
5:00 Ruth Kasko giving credit to those assisting
8:15 Joe Hotch about the Wrangell (Stikine) and Chilkat treaty of 1878
10:45 (unidentified woman) Introduces the actual treaty procured in 1988 at by a Sante Fe collector; authentified; George Dalton remembered (almost word for word).
13:00 Elder speaks of his appreciation
Kim Strong, Ruth and Ed Kasko, Joe Hotchhttps://youtu.be/QQqj0ti8kLA
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Welcome: Peace Treaty1993Joe Hotch1993 #2
Ceremonial Opening
Joe Hotch & Ed Kasko welcome in regalia •Ruth Kasko closes
00:00 Grandmother and grandfather told me I would forget how to greet people.
00:42 (the Kaskos) have held me up
2:00 Ed Kasko welcome on behalf of Killer Whale Fin House
2:45 Ruth Kasko welcome
Ruth and Ed Kasko, Joe Hotchhttps://youtu.be/b7tO3tPZmW4
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Naming: post contact1993Ellen Hope Hays1993 #6
Ellen Hope Hays presentation: Tlingit names in the year 2000

1:40 Naming in the future, year 2000
2:30 Intros herself, family roots in Sitka. Kiks.adi Clan; Point House. Tlingit name: “Raven Looking Forward.” About migrations down river valleys.
4:40 Cavanaugh connection to Kake, and family on both sides.
7:45 Tribal and clan naming in the year 2000
8:00 have to get together as clans to decide on naming.
8:30 Mentions Ann Katzeek: naming after significant historical events.
10:00 Requires alertness to events affecting clan -- all life, other people,
12:00 translation of name; meaning in English; naming dynamic
14:00 change brought by the coming of explorers
16:00 Sense of place, places and events
18:00 Tlingit spelling, how long in use -- 30 years (common modern spelling/not linguistic style)
19:00 So important to gain momentum in naming, support one another.









https://youtu.be/idMjwf7nA4M
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Traditions & Transitions1993Richard Jackson & Paul Marks1993 #8
Traditions & Transitions
Richard Jackson & Paul Marks presentation

Andy Hope: intros, speaks of (1878?) treaty between Naanyani and Kaagwaantan
1:55 Richard Jackson intros topic; audio scratchy until:
17:22 audio better
18:00 audio good: Paul Marks, about reclaiming traditions; how so few could talk Tlingit of his age group. His peers were “hungry for our ways.”		https://youtu.be/uYlbIyWaqqM
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1993 SOK: edited1993Austin Hammond, et al.1993 #12
Combined Program Wolf & Raven

May 8: Saturday Evening Eagle and Raven
Opens w Prayer by David Katzeek - Grand Entrance - Austin Hammond - Joe Hotch - Paul Jackson - Richard Jackson - George Ramos ends

0:38 David Katzeek opening prayer
1:36 zoom to Paul Jackson who calls dancers
2:20 Dance begins
3:00 Lighting becomes acceptable
5:45 Dancers fill the stage
8:30 Dance ends; Austin Hammond comes to the mic (speaks in Tlingit)
12:30 Ed Hotch comes to the mic, speaks Tlingit
15:45 Speaks English: The tide is coming up on us; the other culture is beneath us;
17:00 Paul Jackson back on mic (gives direction)
17:30 Dance begins
21:15 Dance ends; Paul Jackson returns
22:07 Richard Jackson
27:15 Paul Jackson: section reserved for the veterans
28:00 George Ramos, Sik’nax.adi clan. About the Strong Man legend
33:00 new dance begins
36:50 dance ends
37:35 Paul Jackson asks all veterans to come forward for presentation of the US flag ceremony
49:00 Paul Marks sings song.
50:16 Paul Jackson back at mic
51:00 Joe (?) talks about the dance that he hopes will help with healing of veterans’ wounds
52:00 all veterans welcome, dance begins
53:17 dance ends; Paul Jackson to mic
53:46 [lighting goes too bright], people go silent
57:45 Paul Jackson announces next dances
58:30 Balance is needed, ancestors need to be recognized
58:45 Jon behalf of conference organizers, erry Hope intros himself
1:01:00 Anna Katzeek intros in Tlingit then in English
1:02:00 Thunderbird clan sing, Jerry announces memory donatiosn
1:07:00 Austin Hammond, thinking way back to what we lost; good to see how (we) used to be... I want to sing (my grandfather’s song) rather than thinking about me all the time; think about the song you are singing. We’ll sing this song with great respect for my grandpa, sing it for the last time.
1:08:50 song begins (Jerry Hope continues memory donations)
1:13:20 Paul Jackson to mic -- now we switch to the happy side. Calls Eagle Nakani to take over
1:14:00 Richard Jackson to mic
1:15:00 Andy Hope, 60 hours of raw video (invites requests for video). Two hour tapes = $25
1:17:45 Haida woman to he mic, thanks for being invited; speaks in Haida to 1:18:26
1:18:30 Helen Sanderson to mic thanks for invitation to the Haida people; speaks in Haida (about 30 secs)
1:19:40 Mona Jackson brief comments of thanks in Haida as well.
1:20:45 Woman speaks Haida
1:21:46 Ross Soboleff intros song and leads Haida song
1:24:00 Ross intros himself, about college. Next song for aunties, a lullaby for aunties.		David Katzeek, Ed Hotch, Paul Jackson, Richard Jackson, George Ramos, Gerry Hope, Anna & David Katzeek, Mona Jacksonhttps://youtu.be/9ImLAzMHXqo

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19936/21/20221993 #13
May 8 Herb Hope: Kiks.adi Survival March
2:40 attitude towards religion
3:00 about conference;
3:32 battle/survival march from perspective of Kiks.adi		https://youtu.be/ROaC5ZIW3ME
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Culture: Elders speak1993Walter Soboleff, et al.1993 #10
Elders Panel Discussion

Amy Marvin opens in Tlingit w Walter Soboleff translating to English (See Ishmael Hope’s transcription)
17:38 Amy begins song; Anna Katzeek translates
27:30 Anna intros herself in English.
28:45 explains shamans “medicine person,” counselor, seer.
34:00 Explains life in Chilkat Valley;
41:00 talks about Jerry White, had money in the bank, asked what he could do with it. How Anna was brought up (in relation to gifts). Speaks of the beautiful wife of her Uncle Joe.
43:15 Uncle Joe decided to build a Thurderbird House (looks like a ranch style, but inside like a tradition house).
51:45 I wear the sun blanket; talks of James Tlanaugt.
56:00 appreciation of my father’s people, speaks of tapes of stories and love songs.
59:00 speaks Tlingit, says David Katzeeks name, given by her dad, an old name. Dan Katzeek told me the story saying in Klukwan (in Tlingit) “Show your hospitality”; saw these people across the river did not have a canoe;
1:10:50 Intro’s chief Tlanaught’s grandson Richard Dixon (?) from the grandson of my dad’s mother’s uncle, he is of the Killer Whale. Related to Skookum Jim (James Mason) who was married to my aunt, Mary Cesar is named after her.
1:16:00 Horace Marks and Salvation Army; “As long as Tlanaught’s descendants live” want US to make sure they are not mistreated.

1:17:0 Matthew Fred thanks Andrew Hope; quotes scripture “The young men will be fishing and the old me will dream dreams.” audio issues
1:21:00 Creation of Salmon Beings; Dog Salmon Hat, but no song.
1:21:45 sings song
1:25:30 communicating with the animals through the medium of the shaman.
1:29:45 Tlingit law and traditions; penalties so high in most cases, people thought long and hard before committing a crime.
1:34:00 how we became individual clans; at Tenakee, one of the nobleman’s nephews, while seal hunting, capsized and drowned (so we gave that clan Tenakee Inlet) an expression of love to relinguish ownership.
1:38:40 list of ownership houses in Angoon
1:42:00 About copper shields (worth a million) very few, but very valuable.
1:43:00 splitting of a clan: in a house, always two sides.
1:46:30 Our historians tell us the women folk were helping each other. [This becomes a story of how a clan split over slander]
1:48:20 Throwing copper shield overboard, it became a place of honor instead of a place of shame due to slander.
1:49:00 How the Raven House occupied.
1:54:00 About Basket Bay
1:58:00 Signs off

1:58:50 Elizabeth Nyman speaking Tlingit
2:00:00 Anna Katzeek interprets about Taku; about meeting whitemen; mentioned Jeff Leer as student, now will begin talking about the culture.
2:01:45 Elizabeth in Tlingit; Jeff Leer interprets; about area flooded when geese comes in: what Taku means.
2:03:00 White people sort of know, but Nyman wants to make the meaning clear. Anna K says; The flooding, and the geese (in Tlingit)
2:04:00 My mother in law and father in law would tell me to bre of good courage and tell these things; The White people will pull your land and possessions from under you, so don’t forget these things. From the beginning we were the People of the Taku River; there is a place between Taku and Juneau where we made our winter house. They asked the leader, what should we make our house out of, and there was hemlock growing there.When the house was done, had a house warming ceremony, invited from as far away as Prince Rupert, nephews of the leader; nephews ask what to name the house, named after hemlock as was the clan Yanyeidi.
2:10:15 they had many houses, one where the Taku Lodge is now. Another, Big House, near Pt. Bishop; and then the original Hemlock House
2:11:00 signs off

2:12:00 Jeff Leer intros and interprets for a Tlingit speaking man from the interior, the leader of the Kùkhhittàn, the Pit House People. Cites name of first leader. They migrated from the coast to the interior where they multiplied and became numerous.
2:14:00 The (other) Interior group, grandchildren of the Kùkhhittàn
2:15:00 my grandfather was from Angoon.
2:16:00 Thanks honored ladies and gentlemen

2:16:15 Antonia Jack intros herself in Tlingit then in English, about her early life, being sent to school, thought she know all, but didn’t.
Speaks in Tlingit then self-interprets, talks about family life, all sibs now passed on. My grandmother came up Taku River, we were Kùkhhittàn,
2:21:o5 My father in law, his mother came from Telegraph Creek, his father from Taku. They taught me a lot. My mother in law told me, Never brag about yourself! People can see who you are. I never think I am any better than my people.
2:22:00 I spent ten years in the bush with my in-laws, husband ran traps.
2:24:15 About father in law trapping; thinks there may be a competitor, he hears a sound, looks across the river, sees something, it is a beaver with mouth wide open, that is what he hear, a beaver singing. He looked at it really good: he told us that story.
2:26:24 End

























2:15		Amy Marvin, Anna Katzeek, Matthew Fred, Elizabeth Nyman, Antonia Jack, Jeff Leerhttps://youtu.be/d_WgJPvuPag
17
Plenary: Conference2007Andy Hope, et al.2007 SOK Vol 1 (a) Plenary Welcome & Introduction

Andy Hope (intro to 5:09); P
Peter Metcalfe about video recording (to 13:00);
Andy more intro (about Vern Metcalfe) to 14:50;
Steve Henrikson (about conference agenda/Mark Jacobs)
Andy to 28:30; George Bennett about clan panel to 37:40

38:00 Marilyn Jensen (Carcross Tagish) Intro to Tagish group to 49:00

from 49:10 Norman James, Representative for Tagish

David Katzeek about traditional leadership from 1:05:00 to 1:12:00

George Ramos
1:13:00 to 1:23:00 clan leadership/ origin stories

Andy Gamble 1:22:00 to 1:24:00

Ray Wilson 1:25:00 to 1:36:00 clan leadership/ how things are to be done relative to opposites		Peter Metcalfe, Steve Henrikson, George Bennett, George Ramos, Andy Gamble, Ray Wilson, Marilyn Jensen (Carcross Tagish), Norman James, David Katzeekhttps://youtu.be/3Ep1RbrLR0A
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First Nations: Tlingit2007https://youtu.be/3Ep1RbrLR0A
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Clan leadership2007Edwell John Jr. 2007 SOK Vol 1 (b) Plenary: Becoming a Clan House Leader

Edwell John Jr. of the Killer Whale House (Angoon) -- preemptive apologies. How I became a house leader. Expresses appreciation to organizers and host clans. 3:10 first slide: becoming a clan house leader; grateful to Mark Jacobs as a mentor. 4:33 LHis maternal line lineage. 6:30 mother’s brother Dan Brown Jr. &:15 List of caretakers of Dakl’aweidi from 1947: John Nelson, Robert Jamestown; Dan Brown; Edwell John 9:15: Confirmation process; 10:40 Clan property, who inherits? 18:00 George Bennett intros next speaker. 19:22 David Katzeek adds nakani cautionary note, nakanee’s function is a go between, not the individual like MC.

22:00 George Bennett intros subject of clan property.
22:50 Irene Dundas: reserearch for Saanyuaa Kwhaan & Taant’a Kwhaan. Harriman repatriation. 25:40 42 foot totem, in Saxman Community Hall. 26:00 transfer of property, how it is done physically. 26:20 Consultation, consultation, consultation. 27:30 M.O.U. 29:00 succession plan. 31:30 Irene’s family lineage.

32:00 George Bennett intros Andy Hope--wants to talk about repatriated clan property. Speaks about Harold Jacobs. When the objects came back, no place to house them except the State Museum. A need for the respective items: need to have proper agreements.
34:40 Avoid at all cost a key person agreement; dependent on one person with everything in his head; when that person disappears, what happens? A lot of hard feelings.
37:00 cites example of father’s clan with key person problem.
38:30 one of the biggest factors in breaking Tlingit law has been Anglo probate where all property goes to the father’s line; havoc with matrilineal common law. My sermon for today: don’t be dependent on Key Man, layout the rules.
39:30 end

39:42 George Bennett the honorable way to treat Tlingit property. The problem of intellectual property rights when owned by a group of individuals, not one. Western property law does not protect us. 46:00 turns over to Harold Jacobs

46:25 Harold Jacobs In Tlingit Haida Repatriation Office we have repatriated 155 objects.
48:55 My father was a caretaker, I can’t assume those as my property; invites Wrangell Clans to flank him.
51:30 Harold’s lineage. Invites museum personal who had not received Tlingit names to join him: including Lucy Fowler Williams and Eric Hollinger, Harold Jacobs drumming.
58:40 Eric H directed to retrive shamanic objects.
59:18 Eric and another lift a lather painted shawl?
1:00:10 young museum women holding rattle.
1:02:04 Harold, George Bennett and Kenny Grant confer, need to balance killer whale song with one from Rave side. Invites Lillian Hillman to sing.
1:06:00 song.
1:06:40 Kenny Grant makes remarks.
1:07:10 George Bennett ends, thanks panelists and invites people to look at repatriated items.		George Bennett, David Katzeek, Irene Dundas, Andy Hope, Lucy Fowler Williams, Eric Hollinger, Kenny Grant, George Bennetthttps://youtu.be/b2Z-o3Qm_v8
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Language: Discussion2007Alice Taff6/4/20236/4/20232007 SOK Vol 2 Endangered Languages

Alice Taff intros herself in Tlingit: a world view of endangered languages and language retention: so you know not a problem limited to Alaska.
1:59 first image: world map.
3:27 world map locating native language groups: Sammi 2,000 speakers; Zulus about 9 million; group in Guatamala w 12 speakers.
4:42 speakers, an unbroken chain from beginning.
5:10 6,000 languages, most endangered, meaning those that may no longer have speakers. 96% of the world population 4% of the languages.
6:44 In N America, 187 languages, 80% moribund. 8:35 grim but promising.
9:19 cites “White Earth Elder”, Joe Auginaush, Ojibwe, “We are not losing languages, languages are losing us.
11:45 terms: Language retention; restoration; revitalization, preservation; documentation, the purpose of all is perpetuation.
12:31 Now we go to St. Paul Island.
13:10 St Paul Island video of native speakers.
16:43 intros NSF grant to UAS for recording everyday conversations Tlingit.

18:30 end

Marsha Hotch 18:50 intros herself in Tlingit. I grew up with the language. 18:35 speaks in Tlingit to 21:05; then intros herself in English. Works for Chilkat Indian Village language program. Explains program. 22:03 presents book: “How to Keep Your Language Alive.” 22:07 image of Native panelists at workshops: Jenney Thlanauht visit in 2004. 23:53 points out panelists. 24:20 names: recorded over 200 names. 26:22 video of Katrina Hotch. 27:01:
27:55 First get together of elementary school students, people in the community in Haines, UAS students -- after six years, even younger speakers teaching older students to pronounce.
Ends at 29:00

29:27 Paul Jackson Sr., intros himself in Tlngit to 30:25 then in English, Raven, Sockeye, born Alsek River, clan house ?? or Raven House; child of Chookuneidi, etc. 32:00 we are losing our way. 35:13 long ago our ancestors came together in Sitka (elders conf that’s why Celebration was born. 37:00 How are we teaching the language 38:45 speaks about variations in accents, how important it is to retain. 42:10 How to we reach the parents. 48:55 speaks about help from ANCSA corps. 47:03 intros young lady started wanting to play dolls, now in college. They have learned to run the cultural camp.
Ends 48:010

49:20 Jessica Chester intros herself in Tlingit to 51:00 intro in English, mother’s mother was Aleutiiq. 52:54 language creates identity. Good quote from Michael Krauss. 54:50 Slide linguistic relativism. 55:10 Assimilation. 55:26 ANB slide: Creating Dissonance; 56:10 Linguist Insecurity. “irreparable damange... to mental health. 57:24 Cultural Insecurity; 58:33 slide Psychological Improvisation. 59:08 Revitalization of the Lingit Langauge. 59:29 slide Learning Lingit Language & Culture. 1:00:00 Speak Lingit Everyday. Ends

1:02:00 Mary Folletti introductions (in Tlingit to 1:14:00) tehre is a story of five women who came from Sitka, moved to the Klukwan area and married into the Ravens, that is why I say I am from Sitka and Klukwan: five families, Strong, Lindhoff, Thlanaught and my own. 1:05:00 Cultural Camp, got me on my path; Austin Hammond started the camp 1:06:00 beginnings of camp. 1:07:00 my first teacher, Pauline Phillips is Kaagwaantaan, who taught me pronunciation; more photos of camp; 1:09:00 about Mt Edgecumbe high school - heard many Alaska Native languages, but not Tlingit. 1:11:00 UAS, path I found; 11:12:00 not honorable to talk of one’s self, but this is to encourage others, 1:13:00 First Immersion language camp; 2002 was the beginning.

1:26:00 Vivian Mork intros herself in Tlingit to 1:27; 1:29:30 working in the culture can be lonely; 1:30:52 I learned from the Maori people, World Indigenous People’s Conference on Education, a life changing event for me; 1:33 Language Revitalization Tips; 1:36:00 multigenerational affects: speak you language as much as you can. 1:42:00 about websites for language.End 1:44:00

1:44:30 Vida Davis intros herself, an Inupiaq raised by Tlingit parents. 1:45:40 Mentor was Mary Marshall, my father thought I could learn Tlingit and English. 1:47:38 Since leaving my home, Pilot Point Alaska, my maiden name was Spoon, finding many relative

1:55:10 John Pugh, Chancellor UAS: an exciting new program; personal heritage Welsh and French, 30+ years, 28 of those years in Alaska.
1:56:30 We have three funds: Emma Marks Memorial for Alaska Native Languages, a fund we want to grow; Native Oratory Support fund;
1:58:00 our oldest fund, for over 50 years, our Selina Peratrovich Fund.
1:59:60 ends;
we came from an era your mothers, your fathers died, we were uprotted to different orphanages until I came to Mt. Edgecumbe. My clan mother, Lillian Hillman, 1:48:30 if you have something to share share it. 1:49:30 other mentor, had to do what she told me, I’m younger than her ???, she was our elder. 1:52:00 you have to do it now; are you going to visit the grave and ask what was it you were saying?
1:54:10 Alice Taff ending remarks		 Marsha Hotch, Paul Jackson Sr., Mary Folletti, Vivian Mork, Vida Davis, John Pughhttps://youtu.be/lwesowdDaQY
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Regalia: Artist intros2007Megan Smetzer2007 SOK Vol 3 Ceremonial Regalia
Megan Smetzer introduction of artists and scholars. Introduction with background of Clarissa Hudson and Donna Foulkes 2:25		https://youtu.be/09l93AKZkTI

22
Regalia: Research2007Clarissa Hudson (Rizal) & Donna Foulke2007 SOK Vol 3 Ceremonial Regalia
Regalia Research
3:04 Clarissa Hudson opens with intro to “We Wear Our History” -- integrating photography, mentions mentors; need to document regalia in other than just dance settings; who made it, images of historic Southeast. Met Donna in Navajo country. Found out Donna is a photographer; Donna Foulke talks about how they met. 6:67 story of their hats. How the styles changed through trading. *:08 Hoonah historic images. 9:10 our regalia allows us to transition between the then and now. 11:08 Clarissa mentions Delores Churchill. 11:50 Donna my grandfather Amos and his brother Lincoln Wallace were carvers. Surrounded by regalia; slide 13:45 “We wear our history,” Austin Hammond said. 2004 Celebration photo tent. 15:30 Clairssa steps away from mic to describe photos of regalia. 16:35 photo of Myrna Gardner; 18:40 video interview of Myrna. 20:00 Inupiat lady and daughter part Cheynne: video interview. 21:23 view interview of Non-Native woman in regalia. 22:51 Young woman (J’amieann?) in regalia and boxing gloves. 23:48 images of people in regalia at DC during opening of National Museum of Native Americans. www.foulkeart.com 25:43 video of Teresa Ryan explaining regalia. 26:30 video Tommie Jimmie regalia should record the struggle we have overcome 27:22 ends		https://youtu.be/09l93AKZkTI

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Weaving: Tunics2007 Emily Moore 2007 SOK Vol 3 Ceremonial Regalia
“Chilkiat Tunics: Towards a Re-evaluation of the Configurative”
27:45 Megan Smetzer intros graduate student in the history of art, Emily Moore. Raised in Ketchikan, special interest in Tlingit art of the 19th Century.
27:53 title slide.
28:44 Emily Moore appreciation for Joe Hotch. 30:07 tantalizing evidence of the relationship between tunic design and house posts.
31:51 comparisons of configurative design (Brown Bear tunic), and distributive design (Killer Whale tunic).
33:18 Quotes by Emmons (appreciative) and Boas (harsh: degenerative).
36:07 Slide: UPenn figurative tunic; Klukwan men in distributive tunics.
36:35 Emmons quote: like body armor.
37:35 Ties of all tunics Emily has seen tie on the right side of the tunic, like body armor.
38:45 pattern boards. 3
9:29 Brown Bear tunic of Situk Jim of Yakutat.
40:12 Two Door house tunics (3)
41:55 Wormwood post in Klukwan.
43:03 Painted, carved, and woven art -- Boas believed the design field of the blanket followed that of the bentwood box.
43:35 Cheryl Samuel striking similarity between the house post and the tunic design.
44:00 slide of tunic front and back at AMNH -- reverse a wave pattern.
44:50 Ghost face.
45:30 Naayaa.heen posts replicated by Steve Brown.
48:29 slide “Repeating Wolf” design: two posts & tunic.
47:29 Bear Screen of Chief Shakes: first noted by Bill Holm.
48:22 wa view of Chief Shakes: points out x-ray image: ribs and backbone of the Brown Bear.
48:30 Joe Hotch holding tunic with back bone pattern.
49:00 End

https://youtu.be/09l93AKZkTI

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Weaving: Appreciation2007Evelyn Vanderhoop 2007 SOK Vol 3 Ceremonial Regalia
Chilkat Appreciation
49:02 Evelyn Vanderhoop references Anna Brown and her desire to speak of Chilkat Appreciation, which Eveylyn, being a weaver of Chilkat blankets, speaks to. 49:41 slide: Thigh spinning. The first step my mother taught me. Old days, mountain goat wool and yellow cedar bark. 50:48: photo of young woman. Delores Churchill (Evelyn’s mother and teacher -- Selina Peratrovich is Delores’s mother). The photo showing young woman starting a blanket, she is like one of my teachers. 54:11 slide mountain goat wool; cedar bark, Chilkats had to trade for it. Had to trade with Haidas and Tsimshians for cedar bark; with interior for lichen to produce yellow color. 56:48 gender roles (men paint pattern board, woman transposes to fabric). 57:07 slide of cedar bark robe, pre-contact attire. 58:52 replica of robe collected by Cook with Raven’s Tail top and bottom edges. 58:33 Raven’s Tail robe of pure mountain goat. Cheryl Samuel (see Taven Tail’s book by Samuel). 58:22 slide early Raven’s tail/formline design. 59:51: Argeillite figures with Chilkat aprons. I agree with Emily: aprons earliest woven with Chilkat technic. 1:00:30 Smithsonian Shaman’s apron. 1:42:00 Klinkwan Haida men in regalia (previously identified as Tlingit men). 1:02:00 men in regalia at 1904 potlatch. 1:04:00 Hazelton Chief’s regalia. 1:07:00 Sitka Chief’s regalia. 1:08:00 Tsimshian painted tunic, then 1948 button tunic; 1:09:05 Evelyn’s father Alfred Adams in Edward Curtis photo: he wears a wig, much to his disgust.; Chilkat robe worn by Alfred Adams. 1:10:00 Naaxiin Tunic, next slide modeled by Evelyn. 1:11:00 woman (appears to be Andy Ebona’s cousin Mary) may be the first time a tunic danced by a woman (Mary got permission). 11:05:00 slide of Delores Churchill, Cheryl Samuel, and Ernestine Hanlon collaborating on weaving the first Raven Tails robe in 300 years. 1:11:26 model wearing Evelyn’s first Raven’s Tail project. 1:11:56 Carrie Vanderhoop, Harvard grad wearing her headdress project. 1:12:00 End.






https://youtu.be/09l93AKZkTI

25
Regalia: collections20073.5. Megan Smetzer “Opening the Drawer: Unpacking Tlingit Beadwork in Museums and Beyond.”2007 SOK Vol 3 Ceremonial Regalia
1:12:15 Megan Smetzer, PhD candidate in Art History. Thanks to elders; acknowledge SHI; 14:00 invited by Aldona Jonaitis to explore beadwork collections at UAS Museum. Found Octopus bags. To learn more, changed study to Tlingit Beadwork. 14:40 images of people wearing (1904) regalia, and women selling beaded moccasins (1900 Yakutat?): rare any study on beadwork. 1:16:50 list of museum collections including beadwork.1:19:20 my hope is that my research compliments that of Clarissa and Donna. 1:20:10 Examples of beadwork collected by George Emmons. 1:24:20 Beadwork examples collected by Louis Shotridge. 1:22:10 Portland Museum collections; 1:23:20 pieces collected by Pruell’s Gift Shop in Ketchikan. 1:25:30 List of beaders whose work is in Museum collections. 1:27:02 Vincent Soboleff photo of Sam Davis in Kootznoowoo store with Octopus bags. 1:29:20 Tourist trade: smoke screen for making traditional designs. 1:31:02 strong statements of continuity and resistance: collar as reference to Tlingit armor. 1:31:00 economic and continuance of culture. 1:33:00 Florence Shakely, Fran Ulmber and Megan Smetzer. 1:35:00 gift giving, acceptance indicates flexibilty of Tlingit people. 1:35:45 Attention must be paid: accommodation, resilience and inventiveness. 1:36:15 End. Q&A Delores Churchill statement (hard to hear) 1:38:47 Mike Jackson about porcupine quills. Megan Smetzer replies: has a lot to do with Russian Orthodox church: earliest octopus bags 1869. Earliest may be from Telegraph Creek/Chilkat Valley. 1:49:10 Tiny Barrill Tlingit introduction. Speaks to C-2004, and the photo tent. Brother opposed, but if we don’t perpetuate the design they may die. Anecdote about Seattle, pictures for sale. Apologizes for not participating in the photo tent. 1:44:00 Donna Foulke replies. 1:44:40 Clarissa Hudson (Rezal) replies, then stands at the podium to address the sensitive subject of photographing regalia. Ends at 1:46:30



https://youtu.be/09l93AKZkTI
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Teslin2007Norma Shorty2007 SOK Vol 4 Teslin Council
presenting in the Sheet'ka Kwaan Naa Kahidi Tribal Community House.
3:05 pass the mic; elders speak;
1:09:00 Russian scholar;
1:10:00 Kenny Grant; more speakers;
ends at 1:30:00		https://youtu.be/Xnm-uhb-6Cw
27
Art: contemporary2007Jan Steinbright 2007 SOK Vol 5 The Artists Speak
Into by Jan Steinbright intro to 5:42		https://youtu.be/cnmp11rGiTA
28
Art: contemporary2007Nicolas Galatin 2007 SOK Vol 5 The Artists Speak
6:30 Nicolas Galatin inntroduces himself; slides 8:00 museum storage; modern technology (3-D scanning) and concepts (Native people represented in books); 18:45 silver bracelet & woven basket; 19:00; 20:30 slides of masks he has crafted; No Indians or Dogs Allowed (original sign?); 25:00 video of solo modern interpretation of Native dancing 26:00 video of more traditional dance; video of rapid images of Native art; END 28:30		https://youtu.be/cnmp11rGiTA
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Art: contemporary2007Tanis Maria S’eiltin2007 SOK Vol 5 The Artists Speak
Messages of Resistance and Hope
28:52 Tanis Maria S’eiltin lives and works in Bellingham WA, from Haines. 30:00 slide: reat grand parents (Wilson & Mary Berry), Tanis is Coho Clan and Whale House of Yakutat; great-grandfather member of Thunderbird Clan/Klukwan; my mother Marie Ackerman Miller weaving;slide: 33:00slides of installation”Resisting Acts of Distillation”; 41:00 slides of installation “The Naming”; 46:00 slide of great grandmother, (eloped to Klukwan.radical for her time. work including those illustrating blood quantum issue; ends 48:00		https://youtu.be/cnmp11rGiTA
30
Fabric Art2007Teri Rofkar2007 SOK Vol 5 The Artists Speak
A Weaver’s Journey: Baskets in roots, bark, pine needles, and wool
Teri Rofkar 49:00 - 50:30 sound issue (sort of) resolved. shows work including Ravens Tail robes
52:00 slides “20 years”
55:45 slides resume with pine needle baskets;
56:00 first Raven’s Tail robe, Red Tide; cedar bailer & mats ;
57:00 robes;
59:00 Lituya Bay Robe;
1:00:00 NY City Fellowship followed by slides of tiny spruce root baskets w beads;
1:01:30 spruce root cooking basket, Herring Robe, Spring herring spawn;
1:03:40 Tobacco box, nesting baskets, fern designs.
1:04:30 Earthquake of 1964 robe; slides of berry baskets, etc.
1:09:00 most challenging robe (largest)
1:15:00 End		https://youtu.be/cnmp11rGiTA
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Fabric Art: Contemporary2007Evelyn Vanderhoop2007 SOK Vol 5 The Artists Speak
Evelyn Vanderhoop 1:15:15:00 discusses mentors (mothers, aunts) 1:15:30 slide Selina Peratrovich and Delores Churchill. 1:16:00 Mother, a bookkeeper retired at 40, helped her mother with weaving.1:17:30 slide Delores with Cheryl Samuelson and Ernestine Hanlon, first Raven’s Tail robe in 200 years. 1:18:30 slides Delores w five granddaughters, Evelyn w complete Bear tunic; 1:34:00 slide first Chilkat robe, a replica (feel the robe, in addition to mother, Cheryl, etc.) is my teacher. 1:35:45 slide, daughter Carrie with woven headpiece she made (masters of ed. Harvard); 1:38:00 slide of grandmother and mother “so important to continue our traditions.” 1:39:00 end




https://youtu.be/cnmp11rGiTA
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Art: contemporary2007Nick Galatin, et al.2007 SOK Vol 5 The Artists Speak
Q&A 1:40:00 Nick Galatin; Mike Jackson, Clarissa Rizal, Tanis Maria S’eiltin		Mike Jackson, Clarissa Rizal, Tanis Maria S’eiltinhttps://youtu.be/cnmp11rGiTA
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TEK: gull egg collection2007Mary Beth Moss2007 SOK Vol 6 Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Kenny Grant intros Mary Beth Moss to 1:30; Mary Beth (hangliding accident reset her career); 2:39 gull egg collection; ends 24:33		Kenny Grant https://youtu.be/3JYETBXhnTc
34
TEK: Storytelling2007Bert Adams2007 SOK Vol 6 Traditional Ecological Knowledge
24:54 Bert Adams intro in Tlingit; 25:41 the Story of the Birth of Raven (Dry Bay story); 38:11 images of Yakutat area related to Raven		https://youtu.be/3JYETBXhnTc
35
TEK: potatoes2007Elizabeth Kunibe2007 SOK Vol 6 Traditional Ecological Knowledge
55:31 Moss intro to Betsy Kunubi: Traditional gardening projects.
56:05 Betsy intros herself in Tlingit; 56:44 potato gardening; 57:00 Marie’s potato, Haida potato; 58:00 more than 6,000 varieties in S. America 1:15:00		https://youtu.be/3JYETBXhnTc
36
Sacred Sites2007Bob Sam2007 SOK Vol 7 Sacred and Historic Sites
Bob Sam: intros himself in Tlingit. Raven/Dog Salmon Clan, son of a Wolf and grandchild of a Killer Whale. Family is from Juneau, mother Bessie Kitka born at Auke Bay, of the Áak’w Khwáan. Bob raised in Sitka.
2:20 USFS drafting policy on the subject of sacred sites.
5:00 Why the USFS wanted after 50 years of logging: why a policy so late: most sacred places 50 years ago were intact.
6:50 a thriving living culture in the Tongass.
8:30 we are not being consulted (review of sacred sites) by federal and state agencies.
11:00 a skull that had been taken from a desecrated shaman grave ... (Bob’s advice on how to resolve)
14:45 Women are often in charge and the difficulty in dealing with sacred sites (trained to deal with subjects among men).
18:30 struggle to put together a presentation on this subject.
19:45 ablutions before going to a site.
22:30 offended by professionals who investigate sites without permission
27:30 clean up to removed human scent and tracks, careful about who to show these sites: canoe haul-outs, clam gardens, cemeteries often in plain view.
30:00 Mr. Charles (?) invited to talk about a burial site removal. Double headed Raven/Dog Salmon child of Kaagwaantaan. Speaks about invasion and theft of a shaman’s grave and the deathly consequences.
31:30 at age 21, in a logging camp on Ore Island (near Latouche?): the owners treated me with the highest respect, as if their son. [speaks about a trunk (?)] such a beautiful thing -- they took it from the Shaman’s grave. I went from camp to Craig. Reported to elders Ralph James and ___ Thomas. They gave me a message to the owners. Without return within three days, he will die. Directions to properly restore the Shaman remains. More consequences if not returned. (:”Curly” ??? The trunck possessor) did not return for Sunday dinner. Only circling skiff found. Warned “Blackie” of continuing consequences. Laughed. 16 year old daughter died. Yarding machine, expensive, destroyed. Replaced with another by personal income. Brand new: after getting it to the top of the mountain, lines broke, yarnding machine tumbled done the mountain to the beach.
41:00 More equipment destroyed. Massive debacle. I barely survived. [Bob signals to stop]
46:00 Bob recounts experience with graves/sacred/historic sites.
50:15 need for policy for sacred sites.
51:15 audience question about gravesites -- scattered, why not a central location?
52:00 each cemetery unique. Over 25 cemeteries in Sitka, many clan owned.
53:30 audience concern: from Ketchikan, about tour ships and so many passengers: fear of desecration.
59:15 Lillian Petershoare (of USFS) tribal gov. specialist. (off mic but audio OK). Explains USFS plans and public comments. Background on recent efforts. Carol Jorgenson’s efforts in Washington DC on behalf of tribes.
1:06:00 USFS wants to hire Native youths and collaborate.
1:07:00 Terry Fifield USFS archeologist on POW. his USFS colleagues want Natives in leadership position on this issue.
1:08:00 New Tongass Mngt plan, consultation (mentioned often). Much different than 50 years ago. Now is the time.
1:10:00 Describes On Your Knees Cave project/video. Internship program. Info disseminated in the communities, acceptance. Consultation. It works. Haven’t done things before, now much better.
1:12:30 Ida ___ talks of being invited to Skagway, USFS sacred sites meeting. Pleased she was asked to attend. Talks of trunks received from Russians. Cremated, remains in trunks. Mother asked to be taken to graves, could not find spirit house (of all the family members) at Dyea River (someone told me where the trunks are after being removed due to change of course. Much washed away).
1:19:00 Doris McLean from Whitehorse YT. Dakl’aweidi Clan. Our sacred places (in Canada) are afforded no respect. Concerned about Dyea graveyard, diverting of river.
1:21:00 we were taught for centuries: we need to assert our authority.
1:22:00 Bob about Dyea and clan leader: We made peace with the spirits there. River is eroding, complex situation.
1:24:00 audience member, from Sitka, two religions--lot of families that didn’t choose either religion.
1:25:00 Bob wraps up, thanks USFS, elders, etc. Praises Irene ??? your dignity (allowed me to not ask women to leave) to open my heart, and be narrow minded about gender.
1:27:00 asks for prayer. Harold Jacob’s mother steps to the mic.











































































https://youtu.be/jp9A6mQ6Hnw
37
Naming2007George Bennett 2007 SOK Vol 8 Tlingit Clan Naming Ceremony Workshop
Main stage at Nakahini Community House: George Bennett speaks about traditional name giving; introductory remarks to 5:54		https://youtu.be/qgSFfRybyQU
38
Naming2007David Katzeek2007 SOK Vol 8 Tlingit Clan Naming Ceremony Workshop
6:05 (occasionally speaks in Tlingit) ; families would discuss family names; discusses how his name was given; how his grandmother greeted him in Tlingit when he visited her at the Pioneers Home.		https://youtu.be/qgSFfRybyQU
39
Naming2007Doris McLean2007 SOK Vol 8 Tlingit Clan Naming Ceremony Workshop
16:00 Doris McClean: very important to know the name when received.		https://youtu.be/qgSFfRybyQU
40
Naming2007Herman Davis2007 SOK Vol 8 Tlingit Clan Naming Ceremony Workshop
18:30 Herman Davis: intros himself. gives lineage; describes a naming ceremony with a baby (in Tlingit); complains that non-Natives who receive names often never show up afterwards. Ends with Tlingit		https://youtu.be/qgSFfRybyQU
41
Naming2007Vida Davis2007 SOK Vol 8 Tlingit Clan Naming Ceremony Workshop
28:43 Vida Davis: Begins in Tlingit (40 secs) Heard Tlingit growing up 24/7; language you have to keep learning; never too old to learn; 		https://youtu.be/qgSFfRybyQU
42
Naming2007George Bennett & Vida Davis2007 SOK Vol 8 Tlingit Clan Naming Ceremony Workshop
39:30 George Bennett: story about growing up in Hoonah. Every time I went out with a girl I’d get corrected if she wasn’t the right clan; ended up marrying an Eskimo woman. 46:46b hands off to Vida Davis		https://youtu.be/qgSFfRybyQU
43
Naming2007George Bennett2007 SOK Vol 8 Tlingit Clan Naming Ceremony Workshop
Q&A
45:10 George directs Q&A
1:22:00 end		David Katzeek, Herman Davishttps://youtu.be/qgSFfRybyQU
44
Naming2007Harold Jacobs, et al.2007 SOK Vol 8 Tlingit Clan Naming Ceremony Workshop
1:22:30 Harold Jacobs: misc speakers: Nora Dauenhauer, David Katzeek, George Bennet		Nora Dauenhauer, David Katzeek, George Bennethttps://youtu.be/qgSFfRybyQU
45
Naming2007Harold Jacobs & David Katzeek2007 SOK Vol 8 Tlingit Clan Naming Ceremony Workshop
1:23:00 Harold Jacobs takes a survey of father clans
Several speakers: Nora Dauenhauer, David Katzeek, George Bennett

1:26:30 Blanket dance begins
1:41:40 Harold announces money collected: $483.81

1:41:56 Name of Shaa Tlein given by George Ridley to his nephew Jimmy Hoff witnessed by Jimmy’s mother Tillie Hoff (confirmed by Ken Hoff). Several namings follow [valuable proceedings], Anita Rafferty says prayer.
End 2:12:49		https://youtu.be/qgSFfRybyQU
46
Naming2007George Ridley, et al.2007 SOK Vol 8 Tlingit Clan Naming Ceremony Workshop
1:41:56 Name of Shaa Tlein given by George Ridley to his nephew Jimmy Hoff witnessed by Jimmy’s mother Tillie Hoff (confirmed by Ken Hoff). Several namings follow [valuable proceedings], Anita Rafferty says prayer.
2:12:49		Jimmy Hoff, Herman Davis, Harold Jacobs, George Bennett, Anita Raffertyhttps://youtu.be/qgSFfRybyQU
47
Education: Place-based2007Andy Hope2007 SOK Vol 9 (a) Plenary: Placed-based Education Part I
Andy Hope introduces (explaining compromised sound of first day)
http://www.ankn.uaf.edu/tlingit/salmon (page no longer exists... but most is on Tlingit Haida and Tsimishian resources., Math inb Indigenous Weaving; Mentions Clarissa Hudson (Rizal); Tlingit Country poster; Weaving glossary by Emmons, transliterated by Nora Dauenhaur; About “Keet” project by Henry and Claribel Davis of SJS. to 28:20ww.ankn.uaf.edu/tlingit/salmon (page no longer exists... but most is on Tlingit Haida and Tsimishian resources., Math in Indigenous Weaving; Mentions Clarissa Hudson (Rizal); Tlingit Country poster; Weaving glossary by Emmons, transliterated by Nora Dauenhaur; About “Keet” project by Henry and Claribel Davis of SJS.
End at 28:00		https://youtu.be/4y0fbHY2BRk
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Education: Place-based2007Tom Thorton2007 SOK Vol 9 (a) Plenary: Placed-based Education Part I
23:34 Tom Thorton, reflective of research efforts, my own process of place-based education. About Celilo Falls in Oregon. Dalles Dam that flooded the falls. In place-based education you go there, people who lived there pointing out places well under water. Why study place names, a linguistic artifact. Resilient. Talks about Harold Martin. Talking to Kelly James, Frank Gordon; Harold moving his finger around the map.
53:31 end		https://youtu.be/4y0fbHY2BRk
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Education: Place-based20079.1.3 Placed-based Education2007 SOK Vol 9 (a) Plenary: Placed-based Education Part I
53:38 Harold Martin, speaks in Tlingit through to 54:09
Background; we liken Tlingit place names to at.oow, Tlingit artifacts.
https://youtu.be/4y0fbHY2BRk
50
Education: Place-based2007 Bambi Kraus2007 SOK Vol 9 (a) Plenary: Placed-based Education Part I
1:01:00 Bambi Kraus (admits she can’t intro herself in Tlngit), gives background (Tribal Historic Preservation Officers). Explains jurisdiction: villages have come to D.C. to talk with me about place names projects but not getting recognition.
1:04:09 end		https://youtu.be/4y0fbHY2BRk
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Education: Place-based2007Ishmael Hope2007 SOK Vol 9 (a) Plenary: Placed-based Education Part I
1:04:32 Ishmael Hope: recognizes Richard and Nora, Paul J, Selena E, Ethel L, Ray W, Nancy Eddy, Shgen George; etc.; explainsL Beyond Heritage -- pairing elders with youth (teenagers); Strong Man comic.		https://youtu.be/4y0fbHY2BRk
52
Education: Place-based2007Ted Wright2007 SOK Vol 9 (b) Plenary: Placed-based Education Part II
Ted Wright: background, name “The Wolf that Screams”; those of us redefining education through Rural Systemic initiative; place-based a state of mind; educators like Wes Jackson (Becoming Native to this Place); Rural Systemic Initiative (RSI) are leading; School-Community Leadership convince teachers & parents
25:00 end		https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6yUvwx_8Tc
53
Education: Place-based2007Steve Langdon2007 SOK Vol 9 (a) Plenary: Placed-based Education Part II
25:03 Steve Langdon - relationship with Andy Hope for 40 years. What place-based education is about as an experience (points to a petroglyph; giving students experiences in place. Experience is the foundation of place-based ed.
45:00 END		https://youtu.be/F6yUvwx_8Tc
54
Education: Place-based2007Clarissa Hudson (Rizal)2007 SOK Vol 9 (a) Plenary: Placed-based Education Part II
45:04 Clarissa Hudson (Rizal), intro to heritage; Tlingit, German, Jew, Finnish, Japanese, Tibetan; appreciation for SOK; so many attending at 8 am; her fourth day back in Alaska;
1:03:35		https://youtu.be/F6yUvwx_8Tc
55
Education: Place-based2007Richard Dauenhauer2007 SOK Vol 9 (a) Plenary: Placed-based Education Part II
1:03:40 Richard & Nora Dauenhauer: about higher education; advanced students, the Chesters, Lance, etc. only one course for the most advance students, started fund for those doing the teaching. Ax Handle & the Salmon Curriculum. What’s happening to the kids with a major outbreak of suicide? Books gathering dust. Have to get this into the lives of the young, otherwise nothing. Does great literature have anything to say to us, including indigenous. How to get it into the schools. Take themes, “conflict of loyalty” Glacier Bay story, “pride and arrogance” Strong Man -- wherever we find these themes with other literature. Ax Handle Academy -- a state of mind. 1:15:00 Nora Dauenhauer: elders educated us on how to live, how to predict the weather, the tides, the dangerous places, where to anchor; there wasn’t that much division of work -- both fished, both educated the young;
1:14:10 end		https://youtu.be/F6yUvwx_8Tc
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Education: Place-based2007 Nora Dauenhauer2007 SOK Vol 9 (a) Plenary: Placed-based Education Part II
1:14:08 Nora Dauenhauer: elders educated us on how to live, how to predict the weather, the tides, the dangerous places, where to anchor; there wasn’t that much division of work -- both fished, both educated the young;
1:16:40 end		https://youtu.be/F6yUvwx_8Tc
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Education: Place-based2007Lorretta Walton King2007 SOK Vol 9 (a) Plenary: Placed-based Education Part II
1:16:50 guests from Washington DC National Geographic Magazine. Loretta Walton King; grandparents Rudolph and Mary Walton , about migration patterns, mentions cousin Joyce Walton Shales & Dr. Spencer Wells; video “Journey of Man” by National Geographic, the deep ancestry of people. Glennis Spring (?) and Jason Lucesmith (?). Glennis (?) we are trying to understand who we are and how did we populate the planet. 1:25:00 Jason about the concept of geneology; the Legacy Fund.		Smithsonian Institution: Dr.Glennis Spring (?), Jason Lucesmith (?)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6yUvwx_8Tc&list=PL5JmUC9niijiPm7rsN_nGFK3ruOZ4Zwaq&index=11
58
Tribute: Mark Jacobs Jr.2007Gerry Hope2007 SOK Vol 10 Remembrance of Mark Jacobs
24:12 Gerry Hope as MC, recognizes Mark’s wife and son (Harold). 33:37 Martin Strand reads poem. 38:55 George Bennett - a big part of my interest in Native organizations. 45:45 Harold Jacobs thanks for recognition of his father; 46:50 Andy Gamble -- in Tlingit way, a brother.		https://youtu.be/_86szxY0kJk
59
Mythology2007David Katzeek2007 SOK Vol 10 The Wisdom and Healing of Mythology
David Katzeek: speaking in Tlingit through to 0:28 introduces “My tall Brother, Walter Porter”		https://youtu.be/_86szxY0kJk
60
Mythology2007Walter Porter2007 SOK Vol 10 The Wisdom and Healing of Mythology
3:10 Walter Porter: about his company -- Tlingi-Mo (my wife and I - Tlingit and Eskimo. Intros his showing of the “Box of Daylight” recording (Hunsinger & Simard production); similar stories all over the world (Raven, Coyote, Old Testament). The lazy boy/strong man story. The gifted ones: have a mind does spin all the time. Look at the lily, it neigther spins nor toils. The Cannibal story: what kind of prisons systems: nowhere but the West. Our stories teach us about forgiveness. The gateway to the spirit world
24:00 End		https://youtu.be/_86szxY0kJk
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Regalia: conservation2007Scott Carrlee2007 SOK Vol 11 Caring for Regalia
Scott Carrlee, conservator, Alaska State Museum: mitigating agents of deterioration: temperature, light, pests, dust and pollution, human interaction, disasters. Questions by Andy Gamble (38:00); Bob Sam (41:00); Eric Hollinger (44:30); Tiny Barrill (46:00);		https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Oq1CgSSqo4
62
Tlingit-Russsian2007 Richard and Nora Dauenhauer2007 SOK Vol 12 The Russian Occupation of Alaska
Steve Henrickson introduction of Richard and Nora Dauenhauer. 1:46 Richard Dauenhauer, explains the book “Russians in Tlngit America”: good New: Russian archives opened; Kits.adi people gave the green light. 		https://youtu.be/htxzGlQ2lC0
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Tlingit-Russsian2007 Nora Dauenhauer:2007 SOK Vol 12 The Russian Occupation of Alaska
19:30 Nora Dauenhauer: Dry Bay, my mother’s ancestral land. My job with the book was transcribing - describes the process of Tlingit to English. Some recordings done in 1960: Sally Hopkins, the Tlingit woman’s point of view. 30:00 Richard D thanks those who supported the project; 30:30 Steve Hendrikson: talks about Dauenhauers, their process, etc. 		https://youtu.be/htxzGlQ2lC0
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Tlingit-Russsian2007Judy Ramos2007 SOK Vol 12 The Russian Occupation of Alaska
The Yakutat Tlingit
Steve Hendrikson: intros the Ramos family
32:30 Judy Ramos; background in Yakutat area, Grandma Suzie, Olaf Abrahams grandfather; introduces Elaine Abraham (speaks a Tlingit phrase). Family background; to 1:04:00		https://youtu.be/htxzGlQ2lC0
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Tlingit-Russsian2007Judy Ramos2007 SOK Vol 12 The Russian Occupation of Alaska
The Yakutat Tlingit
1:04:40 The Yakutat Tlingit: Judy Ramos... We killed the Russians and they never came back. What right did they have to sell Alaska, Yakutat? Reads a document (sound a bit low) to 1:22:00		https://youtu.be/htxzGlQ2lC0
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Tlingit-Russsian2007Elena Piterskaya 2007 SOK Vol 12 The Russian Occupation of Alaska
Interactions of Tlingits with Other Ethnic Groups of the NW before and during Russian Rule
Elena Piterskaya of Moscow Russia.
1:22:42 Intro by Steve Henrikson: first person to register for this conference, and traveled the farthest.
1:23:45 Elena intros herself and appreciation for getting in touch with the culture. See “Sharing Our Knowledge,” Book by Sergei Kan, pages 171-186 for Elena Piterskaya’s paper in which she analyzes and describes documentary sources.
Ends 1:46:30		https://youtu.be/htxzGlQ2lC0
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Language: Revitalization2007Margaret Seguin Anderson2007 SOK Vol 13 Our Neighbors The Haida and Tsimshian
Visible Grammar: Tools for Revitaliing Tsimshian Sm’algyaxr Margaret Seguin Anderson. Steve Langdon, Moderator.
1:28 Margaret..general discussion of Tsimshian language programs. Part of the community since 1978. Remote Hartley Bay. language relatively strong there. Most other Tsimshian communities surrounded in urban areas. Background in Hartley Bay. Progress of language fluency: young can introduce themselves; types of grammar; the “stone cliff” -- putting together sentences.		https://youtu.be/v4ej369Z3RU
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Haida & Tsimshian2007Tom Abel:2007 SOK Vol 13 Our Neighbors The Haida and Tsimshian
Reflections on Roots and Resurrections
19:05 intro by Steve Langdon, background on Abel; Haida.
20:00 Tom Abel., who welcomes comment by Denny (good, but not sure of identity) one of the finest Tsimshian Carvers: misunderstanding about the Tsimshian language. A descriptive language: not floor, “what you walk on,” thank you “I want to shake your hand.” “I want to make you people happy.”
24:36 Abel, intros himself a descendant of Skidaw’s brother. Acknowledges opposite clan Klanotts (???); Irish and Sammi; mother is Haida.
28:50 the supernatural; 		https://youtu.be/v4ej369Z3RU
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Haida & Tsimshian2007Mique’l Icesis Askren (now Dr. Mique’l Dangeli, PhD)2007 SOK Vol 13 Our Neighbors The Haida and Tsimshian
Bringing to Light a Counter-Narrative of Our History

44:00 Mique’l Icesis Askren (now Dr. Mique’l Dangeli, PhD
Adjunct Professor of First Nations Studies UNBC): . Intro by Langdon; doctoral candidate.
Thanks Margaret Anderson. Commends Vine Deloria, but criticizes his observation that those who use education are lost; in her case, allowed herself to focus her passion with a doctorate of Art History to recover indigenous art. The Tsimshian photographer B.A. Haldane focus of her research.
48:21 Erma Lawrence makes a comment about Haldane, picture of youth choir that she was a part of, young angels.
52:33 her heritage.
52:51 Stereotypical images of Metlakatla (images: see link). 54:00 creation of self-sufficient Native community, epitome of successful Christian community. 5
15:15 the colonial narrative of our assimilate ion has overshadowed the resistance and cultural continuity. 58:30 Haldane as director of orchestra. 1:16:00 shows Haldane with gramaphone. Children photos: connections with their clan crests.
1:19:00 Sidey Campbell carver. 1:33:00 effects of colonialization:
Ends 1:36:00

https://www2.unbc.ca/sites/default/files/events/45874/public-presentation-miquel-dangeli-re-developing-work-b.a.haldane-19th-century-tsimshian-photography/2018-02-14-miqueldangeli-b.a.haldanephotography.pdf		https://youtu.be/v4ej369Z3RU
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Repatriation: Canoe prow2007Harold Jacobs2007 SOK Vol 14 Repatriation: A Canoe’s Journey
0:20 Harold Jacobs (audio starts badly, heavy breathing); photo of clan houses (clearly 1880s)... names houses. Grandfather John Paul, lived in Mitchell Bay;
7:00 Paul family tree (includes Patrick Paul and Matilda Paul Gamble); 9
:35 photo shows Beaver Canoe Prow figure on shelf). The moment of finding it.
10:30 photo of group gathered around the prow figure.
14:00 Mark Jacobs kept the story alive.
18:24 Close by Steve Hendrikson, describes Harold’s role in repatriation.		Steve Henriksonhttps://youtu.be/oqTI3GfgJ8Y
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Repatriation: Masks, Áak’w Khwáan2007Bob Sam2007 SOK Vol 14 Repatriation: A Canoe’s Journey
Repatriation of the Masks... to the Dog Salmon House, Áak’w Khwáan
18:50 Steve Hendrikson continues, intros Bob Sam, who will describe funerary objects. Bob helped pass legislation to protect Native graves, including items of cultural patrimony. About Bob. 21:00 Bob Sam
29:35 Through my father, I am a living decendent of Lt. Emmons. I am living proof he got very close to our people. At first I was ashamed: a man who took so many objects. Mentor: Mark Jacobs, who taught me how to make my voice strong. Shamanism is not gone.
47:30 Young people will (do the work) continue to do the best on behalf of clan and family. 48:45 end		https://youtu.be/oqTI3GfgJ8Y
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Repatriation: Identifying2007 Irene Dundas2007 SOK Vol 14 Repatriation: A Canoe’s Journey
Identifying Cultural Affiliations
48:56 Irene Dundas.
49:51 being,. 13 years of research Saanyuaa Kwhaan & Taant’a Kwhaan: Villages located 50 miles south, Cape Fox and tongass village 1994. Samuel Fox and William (actually Louis Paul Sr.
50:59 audio goes scratchy;
51:29 she shows a map but is off mic. 59:37 about her lineage; finding clan lineage through Tlingit names, photos with crests on identified people;
1:13:00 ends		https://youtu.be/oqTI3GfgJ8Y
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Repatriation: Killer Whale Hat2007Eric Hollinger & Harold Jacobs2007 SOK Vol 14 Repatriation: A Canoe’s Journey
Smithsonian Repatriation of the Killer Whale Hat
1:14:08 Steve Hendrikson intro of Eric Hollinger. Presentation with Harold Jacobs, who starts by introducing Matilda Paul Gamble and Henrietta (Jean). About naming ceremony for Killer Whale clan. Shows slides of family, Kootznoowoo Cultural and Education Foundation; slides of the Killer Whale House in Angoon: Dakhla’aweidi;
1:21:05 slide of Keet Hit Lineage; clan hats made by Dick Yeilnaawu.
1:25:31 slide of the Killer Whale Hat. 1:28:30 Eric Hollinger: Smithsonian is now up to 19 museums with 136 million objects in its collections.Under NAGPRA: have returned about 20% of the Nation’s total. Sacred objects and those of cultural patrimony: only 26 returns, few claims. Harold Jacobs I could not make a claim so Kootznoowoo Floundation did.
131:00 slide of Mark Jacobs on his death bed. Transfer of the hat while Mark still alive and attended the repatriation ceremony (at the hospital).
1:33:00 slide of Mark (in a wheel chair) wearing the Killer Whale at the hospital: Herman Davis and David Davis putting the hat on him.
END 1:36:00		https://youtu.be/oqTI3GfgJ8Y
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Repatriation: Potlatch loans2007Harold Jacobs & Steve Henrikson2007 SOK Vol 14 Repatriation: A Canoe’s Journey
Potlatch Loans: building new relationships with Tlingit Clans.
1:36:36 Harold Jacob continues for a few moments;
1:37:09 Steve Hendrikson intros Stacy Espenlaub from University of Pensylvannia Museum, Nagpra Coordinator (Steve cut off)
1:37:00 Stacey begins — loan of objects for Khoo.éex.
1:39:00 slide August 2003 Central Council, Ed Thomas on behalf of Herman Davis in honor of his sister Sarah Davis. In 2004, Centennial Potaltch, in honor of Cecilia, Larraine, and Martha Kunz: two hats ofr L’uknaxhadi/T’akdeintaan parties.
1:41:00 slide of hats loand by U of Pennsylvania Museum. 1:42:57 slide of process.
1L46:00 slide of Andrew Gamble and Chuck Miller trying on their hats.
1:47:00 slide of hats during memorial party. Ends 1:52:00		https://youtu.be/oqTI3GfgJ8Y
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Museum: Sheldon Jackson2007Kristen Griffin:2007 SOK Vol 15 Ethno History
Kristen Griffin: Welcome... Moderator. Intros Wallace Olson, UAS, many research projects. Mentions Wally’s books. 		https://youtu.be/y57P0uMd_OM
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History: Spanish Explorations2007Wally Olson2007 SOK Vol 15 Ethno History
Spanish Voyages to Alaska
1:60 Wally Olson; Spanish the first known Europeans (other than Russian) to visit the coast; can’t find any oral histories about Spaniards, only their accounts.
4:16 Mark Meyers marine painting of “they must have been trading with others” -- claim that most Natives had red hair and blue eyes. Were wearing bracelets and rings of iron and copper. Ship wrecks; Spanish convinced Indians were making the metal goods. 1779, near today’s Craig, played guitar for a visitor who knew about a violin: perhaps, early 18th century, may have been trade going on.
12:20 images of knives; recommends someone get a grant to advertise images of objects that might be collected.
22:40 image of sheet music by a renaissance man: musician who transcribed indigenous music. Sent it to an ethnomusic specialist, may be the first evidence of Indians singing in harmony. Three pages of the music. 		https://youtu.be/y57P0uMd_OM
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Disease2007Kristen Griffin2007 SOK Vol 15 Ethno History
A Terrible Turing Point: Sitka and the 1835 Smallpox Epidemic
27:00 Kristen Griffin: subject can’t be done in 20 minutes, takes an hour (at least). Mentions journal of the Mandan epidemic: leader made a powerful speech as he was dying. 1835: may have started in Sitka: up and down the NW coast to the Aleutians. 1837: half of Sitka Indians dead.
32:00 Sitka Indian village the perfect demographics for an epidemic. Lasted 17 months; believed to have been a ship that brought it. Sources: Russian doctor’s dissertation and Venimenof -- no Tlingit perspective.
35:45 Russian doctor’s perspective Edward Blaske (1847): serious problem for Russians with their Aleut workers. Vaccine, quarantine. Blaske arrive 1835. Vaccine could have been infected with live virus. Venimenoff: many of the Russians thought the Kolooshi (Natives) put the virus in the foodstuffs; also believed it eroded faith in shamans.		https://youtu.be/y57P0uMd_OM
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Clan Identification2007Ellen Hope Hays2007 SOK Vol 15 Ethno History
How We See Ourselves Today As Clans
48:00 Kristen Griffen intros Ellen Hope Hays first person Kristen heard takling about the Tlingit people. Ellen’s background. 49:18 Ellen’s opening remarks about Russians, RAC, commercial company. Recalls transition to US. No rights; our focus is survival, making it through the big change. Background on her family. 52L30 Describes Cottage Settlement: no cultural objects, no indigenous parties; the residents were separate: as kids, that was the mission school area; and the Sitka Village. How did we look at ourselves? 1:06:00 time to encourage flow of information from tribal people. I wrote an article, “The Testimony of a Born Again Indian.”
End 1:14:00		https://youtu.be/y57P0uMd_OM
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Library Collections2007Jim Simard 2007 SOK Vol 15 Ethno History
Manuscript Collections at the State Library
1:15:00 Kristin Griffen intros Jim Simard curator of the collections of documents at the State Library.
15:50:00 Jim intros himself;
1:16:53 lights down, PowerPoint: navigation through the VILDA website, a collaborative with Alaska institutions. NW Digital Archives: multple NW institutions.
1:20:00 Kayamori Collection. 1:28:35 Yakutat Basketball team in 1925; Ethel Montgomery Collection: ANAC Cache, kept meticulous records; photos of Jenny Thlunaut in DC;
1:25:00 Louis Shotridge,
End 1:28:30		https://youtu.be/y57P0uMd_OM
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Keynote: Dauenhauers2007Richard and Nora Dauenhauer 2007 SOK Vol 16 Evening Banquet: Keynote speech
Introduction by Ishmael Hope.
1:14 Richard and Nora Dauenhauer come to the podium. Keynote speech. Nora and me, how we came into this, and 2nd, where we are going in the next 35 years. Theme of conference: Sharing Our Knowledge. to 3:45		https://youtu.be/K0SaOCUej6U
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Keynote: Nora Dauenhauer2007Nora Dauenhauer2007 SOK Vol 16 Evening Banquet: Keynote speech
Tlingit literature
4:00 Nora Dauenhauer(speaks phrases in Tlingit). Admitted to early life of going to bars. Hired to teach Tlingit in HS in 1969, a sixth grade dropout. Teaching HS students, discovered I needed an education. Got a GED, took 7 months. After six months, got a letter of discharge from JDHS, painful, then went to Anchorage, Alaska Methodist U., met Dick. It was really hard after dropping out. Really hard, after five years graduated. Began working on Tlingit oratory, Jesse Dalton. Difficult and emotional, it made me sad because of the way it was put together, but I realized this is something we are going to lose... Began working on other. Carlton Smith called us (in 1983). If we could write some oratory attend the Sitka Native education program. For students of SNEP were video taping where teenagers came out to dance; the attending elders George Davis and others. This is what Carlton wanted us to work on. Oh boy, we were beginners. Dick working on a IBM typewriter, and by the time we were done, it looked like a mummy, with correct tape all over it.
11:15 We brought it to a Sealaska meeting, the lawyers came out (copyright). I am so happy that this happened. It was never done before, no one had ever written anything in Tlingit. Streak of luck for us. Carlton Smith was convinced we could do anything. One time he got us a trip to Austria, we were hiding out there and low and behold, Carlton Smith (finds us by telephone: Carlton remembers calling them to decide on the title of the book “Because We Cherish You.”). I was a gonner, I had to keep going.
14:10 We need more story tellers. When you write, find the best (editor?). SNEP, Jeff Leer is the linguist, and he’s my friend, he adopted me as his motherl Those who don’t know Tlingit, try to learn it. We have to remember our ownership to our land; this is why we should learn Tlngit. Ray Wilson said yesterday, the White man recognizes us by our votes. By coming together we have more strentght. We worked at SHI for years. In 1982, David Katzeek hired us. We started doing those things we knew had to be safed (cites publications). SHI has the royalties and the cc, Dick and I don’t have that. Cites writers Kadashan, Andy Hope, Ishmael Hope in English) Hans Chester in Tlingit: Yay! Harold Jacobs, too. And we need composers of song, This is all wonderful. We need more. Chuck Miller! Yay! Lyle James, Oh he is a wonderful guy! He is going up to Anchorage to compete in Oratory, Storytelling; Robert Davis, poetry; Vivian Mork! and Jr., laughs. Lance Twitchell, my own grandson!
Ends at 21:28
https://youtu.be/K0SaOCUej6U
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Keynote: Richard Dauenhauer2007Richard Dauenhauer2007 SOK Vol 16 Evening Banquet: Keynote speech
Richard Dauenhauer.
22:00 We have managed to tough it out for 34 years and still counting. Tells background; grew up upstate NY, Irish, German (yadi). 28:00 met Nora, started working together. Rules: this is the Tlingit point of view, we are the transcribers. This had never been done before, just paraphrases. Three main criteria: 1) acceptable to community standards, work with those who want to; 2) acceptalble academics; 3) acceptable to common readers: as one said about a colleagues work “it is brilliant but impenetrable” (we don’t want that).
30:00 Roby, daughter the two Vivians; what we are doing with Tlingit literature; taking it from oral, writing it down, spelling it right; then translate it: we have to write it so it makes sense. Style and personalithy: typically oh it is from a (unidentified) storyteller. BS! you need to know who, to know the style. Katherine Mills in 14 lines, how many Tlingit verbs for hop? 33:00 see the personality coming through. Like two versions one by Amy Marvin and Susie James; Susie is mythic; Amy much more socially oriented. With the book we are working on, two different versions. Sally Hopkins, Alex Andrews: his is like Homer, blow by blow battles; if you blink, you miss the battle by Sally but you have 60-80 names, what was the impact on the people. 34:00 also involved in instructional books. Trying to encourage people to get through college, get involved, do this sort of stuff.
41:00 Oral v. Written literature. Different. World/local literature.
41:50 Get the names. Many of the names we work with are not in circulation. accurate pronunciation, accurate spelling.
Ends at 48:00		https://youtu.be/K0SaOCUej6U
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Oral History2007Judith Berman 2007 SOK Vol 17 Deep Genealogy
Deep Genealogy, Oral History, and Early European Accounts
to 1:05 Intro by Donna Foulke of Judith Berman: A lot of my research has been in solitude amid archives back east. Nice to be here. 2:40 image of George Hunt, paid by Frans Boas to record a huge variety of material in the Kwak’wala language. See: http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/hunt_george_16E.html
George Hunt’s mother was a Tongass (Taant’a Kwáan) Tlingit from the southernmost tip of what is now Alaska; his father British. 3:49 missionaries didn’t engage until later 1870s, before that almost 100 years of interactions with Europeans. 45:47 fur trade reccords largely untapped. 1831 when Ft. Simpson established, frequented by Tlingit, Haida and others. Steamships all the way up to Klukwan.8:56 photo of George McKay a relations of George Hunt.
14:40 Discussed geneology charts with Anna Williams, Esther Shay (before they died), Mary Jones.... 16:00 at least six men (depending on who’s counting, used the name Shakes during the 19th century.
17:00 Succession and alliance chart betwee Naanyaa.aaye (Stikine) Gaanax.teidi & Kaagwaantaan (Klukwan)
19:10 another slide showing relationshiips between principal clan leaders of Naanyaa.aayi and Kaagwaantaan
21:40 Early days of fur trade. Duke Island, Tongass, traders; can’t find any records... Samuel Hill, most traders did not know where the winter villages were. The lost village (Kagaan???) on Duke Island???.
25:30 points to Annette Island USFS topographic map. Louis Shotridge.
27:20 Taant’akhwaan had many “outmarriages” --graphic showing relationships
28:00 Port Chester community destroyed in 1880, moved to Vilage Island, 15 houses
28:58 1868 photo of Teikweide man at Tongass Island		https://youtu.be/Isew03z6lv4
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Oral History2007Diane Purvis2007 SOK Vol 17 Deep Genealogy
Whose Justice? Traditional Tlingit Law and the Deady Code
31:00 Diane intros herself: prof of history and cultural studies and Alaska Pacific U.
32:00 How Alaska traditional law compared to the Oregon code. Connection to the 1834 trade act that defined Indian Country: American laws applied. Judge Matthew Deady. How he defined laws had significan effect on Alaska.Lt. Beardslee: Tlingit law like Mosaic law: restore the balance of society in reciprocal way. A matter of keeping the peace. Everyone had a place, status.
39:00 Judge Deady decided Alaska wasn’t Indian Country. Another case, decided no law, no murder.
42:00 1882 case: when the verdict read,
US v. Keet 1888?: heard on appeal after Sitka court ruled. Murder of a wife who committed adultery. Offences in Indian Country, Indian law applied. Deady again ruled not Indian Country.
Record: Army and Navy treated Alaska as Indian Country, easiest way to keep peace by respecting Tlingit law.
https://youtu.be/Isew03z6lv4
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Law: Traditional2007Diane PurvisWhose Justice? Traditional Tlingit Law and the Deady Code
31:00 Diane intros herself: Diane Purvis, prof of history and cultural studies and Alaska Pacific U.
32:00 How Alaska traditional law compared to the Oregon code. Connection to the 1834 trade act that defined Indian Country: American laws applied. Judge Matthew Deady. How he defined laws had significan effect on Alaska. Conflict with traditional law, affected sovereignty. Lt. Beardslee: Tlingit law like Mosaic law: restore the balance of society in reciprocal way. A matter of keeping the peace. Everyone had a place, status.
39:00 Judge Deady decided Alaska wasn’t Indian Country. Another case, decided no law, no murder.
42:00 1882 case: when the verdict read, “This being Indian Country...”
US v. Keet 1888?: heard on appeal after Sitka court ruled. Murder of a wife who committed adultery. Offences in Indian Country, Indian law applied. Deady again ruled not Indian Country.
Record: Army and Navy treated Alaska as Indian Country, easiest way to keep peace. By respecting Tlingit law.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Isew03z6lv4&list=PL5JmUC9niijiPm7rsN_nGFK3ruOZ4Zwaq&index=19
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Historical: Photography2007Ben Paul2007 SOK Vol 17 Deep Genealogy
The Paul Family Photo and Historical Collection
Ben Paul intros himself.
47:50 photo of Ben with Wm Paul & Frances Paul, 1969 (50th wedding anniversary) -- I kissed her ring at Wm Paul’s request. In 1995, we decided my generation needed a naming ceremony. Gifts were given, names given; began making sense. We need to make a further connection w culture, got out grandma’s drawings. Inherited some of grandma’s art abilities. That is when I began to dive into my father’s photography.
41:45 the list of collections.
54:00 talks about Kahtahha story of Tillie Paul book.
56:00 Wrangell: Tillie’s Town.
57:25 Talks of manuscript of “Alaska Tlingits: Where We Came From”
58:00 “My Most Unforgettable Charactter.
59:00 about Ben’s father, a bookbinder later lawyer. “The Teehiton Intervention” collection of letters like testimony of Teehitton Indians. Cross examination of Wm Paul: what it was like to be an Indian.
1:00:49 Landsuit attorney evidence sheets.
1:03:00 Wm Paul Sr: at AFN he recommended not to accept ANCSA, way too little, not even close, reject: wante 373mm acres.
1:05:00 The Pauls were devout Christians: the great battle of our time, claims, would have been lost withou missionaries: yet they didn’t kill our culture. Ellen Hope Hays, her charge, was to write down those things so your grandchildren could read them. My fatehr died when I was 21; I’ve read his personal letters. Can learn so much.
1:07:00 end.		https://youtu.be/Isew03z6lv4
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History: Sitka Cottages2007Gil Truitt2007 SOK Vol 17 Deep Genealogy
Cottages and Leaders
1:07:27 Gil Truitt intros himself. While growing up: two native villages. The Sitka Native village. The other: The Cottages, the boundary extreme southern boundary of SJS campus. North Side and South Side Den. North side, mostly white kids “The Al Capone” Den.
1:10:00 Sitka School District: only those living in the town proper could attend local schools. Wm Paul took it to court nd won, but most of us did not attend.
1:10:00 Bob DeArmond: Sitka School District much more integrated than most realized (when they enrolled in ANCSA)
1:12:00 when in education you have a mission, Sheldon Jackson ahd a mission: most believed Presbyterians was at fault. Herb Dedrikson said the most I hate about the church is they forced us to play basketball (to riotous laughs). Where SJS fell down, was religions, but strong emphasis was education/skills. Started to go down when relaxed on their discipline (blamed dancing)??? Also taught social values: how to behave, dress properly. Prime goal to prepare young people to make a living, find a place in Western society: not so much to not speak our language, but to speak English, needed to speak it.
1:16:00 SJS in late 1880s saw grads going back to village: tried to keep then in Sitka.
1:18:00 1888 put plan into effect, started Cottages, 17 homes were built. Every applicant had to apply for loan, my grandfather built the home we grew up in: he regretted he had not built a bigger home, the money was there. Only four homes remain. Made sure the lots were big enough for gardens.
1:20:45 residents, big thing education: drilled into our heads. No use or possession of alcohol, no gambling.
1:23:00 while growing up, the only language I heard was English. Only grandmotehr, Mrs. Cameron, couldn’t speak English. Years later, I had schoolmates with second language was English, most did not get beyond the 2nd grade; all died very young, accidents hunting or fishing.
1:25:00 You may have heard that Republicans are buried 20 feet deep, not six feet: the reason? Down deep the Republicans are not bad people.
1:26:00 Perter Simpson, always had time for us young people. Never talked down to us. Above all leaders, Peter Simpson.
1:27:00 Cottages was a lot of things. Had a large band.
1:31:00 Boat building; Simpson’s shop, big enough for basketball. Both Peter Simpson and Andrew Hope, they both always did more on building boats than they had agreed to.
1:31:30 we always mingled with the kids in the villages		https://youtu.be/Isew03z6lv4
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Geology2007Donna Foulke2007 SOK Vol 17 Deep Genealogy
A Geologist’s Vision for a Bureau of Ethnology
1:33:08 Donna Foulke intros herself. US Geological Survey; grandfather Amos Wallace. History of John Wesley Powell; among the first to bring cameras on surveys. Interacting with Indians in the field.
1:39:00 Harriman expedition.
1:40:00 images of Sitka, Inupiaq, Athabascans.
1:43:00 Images of North Slope.
1:44:00 images of SE, maybe Wrangell.
1:45:00 Ring of Fire, SE ideal for geologists.
1:45:22 Lituya Bay. Indian folklore: waves at Lituya. MegaTsunami. Natives looked at earth phenomena in a different way.
1:49:00 scientific images; online resources “USGS.gov.” Ends with Dan Wildcat of Haskell U		https://youtu.be/Isew03z6lv4
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Oral History2007Dan Monteith2007 SOK Vol 18 Traditions of Living with the Land and Sea, Part I:
Tlingit Oral Narratives and Time Immemorial
Madonna Moss intros Dan Monteith;
1:04 Dan Monteith intro in Tlingit
1:50: thanks and acknowledges students Hans Chester, Jessica Chester, Mary Folletti,Marsha Hotch, Vivian Mork, Elizabeth Kunibe, Michelle Martin, Lisle James, Melinda Hernandez,and Theodore Kasida (??);
3:19 oral history imp for each clan, each unique; 4:03 Huna Kaawu slide;
4:54 Oral histories and narrative rather than myth, folk tale, legend; all the way back to the beginning of the holocene (10,000 years bp).
6:05 importance of Glacier Bay to Huna.
10:00 slides of Glacier Bay advancing 500 years bp.
12:15 250 years bp.
12:40 present.
15:00 witness of transfer of at.oow.
15:38 slide Deep History.
17:21 notice that the land was flooding.
18:23 slide of sealevel fluctuatoion on Pacific coast.
21:00 slide “interpretation of oral histories”		https://youtu.be/G5SArYhU9D4
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Oral History2007Kenneth Grant2007 SOK Vol 18 Traditions of Living with the Land and Sea, Part I:
Ken Grant “Preserving a Sacred Landscape”
22:29 Intro by Madonna Moss; speaks two Tlingit names; clan names; House Outer Coast; do work for the NPS Glacier Bay. Primarily Wayne Powell’s outline.
25:26 acknowledges Eagles (Kaagwaantaan).
27:10 preface: Huna tribal member, elected president, course of time created a traditional tribal council.
28:00 meeting went on all night; the elders expressing the deep, deep roots that they have.
29:00 Dark period, taken from our home land; recites poem; 30:41 we got recognition in WA DC; entered the healing period NPS reached out to community.
31:23 first sldie “Hunaa Kaawoo Homeland”;
33:03 map with outline of GB park.
33:34 aerial map with red dotted “special places.”
34:30 image of Glacier Bay boat Sea Wolf; then elders: from right: Mary Johns, Grandma Ida; my mother and Amy Marvin.
36:30 photo of boat landing at Dundas Bay. Photo of people in the brush at fort site.
38:30 grandma would sit on the muskeg and sing all the old songs; she’d clean the berries. Most of the young: the berries would go into our mouths and never once were we reprimanded. the town: Xáknoowú - archeologists found a 6,400 bp site.
42:00 our ancestors chose Hoonah after being forced out of Glacier Bay.
43:00 slide of a landmark, a tunnel through rock to cannery.
43:40 later picture of the cut through the rock. 44:00 pictograph. (blood painting of conflict in the past. 45:30 map with outer coast places.
46:18 rock formation (arch at Inian Island?) where the story of the kitiwake comes from. December, flat calm on the Gulf Coast.
47:14 Lillian Hillman, clan mother (Kenny’s sister) holding blanket with crests.
49:05 tells story of kittiwake taking off, repeating the name of whoever yelled loudly (a happy song).
50:56 “got on her canoe and left” -- like walking into the woods.
52:06 Grouse Hen Fort (ner Swanson Harbor).
54:13 We sacrificed two slaves.
54:00 Our Glacier Bay people settled in Hoonah.
54:49 Speaks Tlingit (hexed the glacier; took the brains, rubbed the slaves’ brains on the glacier and it started to retreat.
55:55 Chéelák’w -- a ravine, a little valley. 56:34 slide of large Hoonah screen (ca 1900), top maybe a snail, next figure a Raven with wings and king salmon -- the story of how Raven tricks salmon to come in.
57:45 Tsalxhaan, (Mt. Fairweather) very sacred, our spirit mountain. Do not point at Mt. Fairweather (we don’t point at people we respect).
59:48 slide Marlene Johnson and Jake White. Points out “Mt. Fairweather Hat,” on the left, “The Women from Within Mt. Fairweather Hat,” the mountain opens, the women dance out. “Killer Whale Spirit Dog Hat.”
1:01:45 slide Mt. Fairweather.
1:02:00 story: two people were in love on top of Mt. Fairweather;
1:03:00 [lose sound for 10 secs]
1:03:25 Ravine? No I think it is a big valley. Story about big ku.eex up top of Mt. Fairweather.
1:06:00 slide of young people kayaking in Lituya Bay -- camped and were there for a couple of days. Sam Hanlon with group singing. and Wayne Howell & his daughter.
1:07:08 slide of group at Excursion Inlet grave site.
1:08:00 map Sit’ Tlein (Large Glacier);
1:08:15 tunic back with “Spirit Within the Ice” 1:09:45 image of a bear on the face of a glacier; slide kids learning about Native food; slide of group at Taylor Bay;
1:11:04 slide of Sam Hanlon.
Ends at 1:11:45



https://youtu.be/G5SArYhU9D4
91
Subsistence: seabirds2007Madonna Moss2007 SOK Vol 18 Traditions of Living with the Land and Sea, Part I:
Madonna Moss “Native Use of Seabirds from the Forrester Islands, Southeast Alaska”
1:12:05 Madonna Moss, intros herself U of Oregon; acknowledges Shgen whose grandparents (the Jimmie Georges) welcomed me into their house when I began my research in 1978, and Andrew Gamble, acknowledge Ivan Gamble who made it possible to do my research in Angoon.
1:13:30 “Haida and Tlingt Use of Seabirds”; biologists have identified at least 91 seabird colonies in SE;
1:14:00 little documentation of seabird use; 14:29 map with Forrester Islands.
1:15:32 set aside as bird sanctuary. absence of predators. 1mm birds.
1:16:35 Stellar sealions protection.
1:17:12 close up of whole Forrester Island group. 2004 foot survey and boat. Interviews with Haida elders in Hydaburg with Steve Langdon.
1:18:00 sites surveyed.
1:19:00 BP samples ages range from 600 to 300 years ago. Waterfall Cave [Madonna speaking off-mic] found a hearth.
1:20:00 slide of artifact; found bird bones, mostly auklets and some storm petrels;
1:23:40 slide Soft Shell Cave and Red Lichen Cave, 40 yards apart on the west side of Forrester Is. Red Lichen is 58 meters long, about 10 meters wide. Bits of bird bone, bird shells, and mussel shells.
1:25:08 percentage of bird bones: mostly common murre and tufted puffin. Visit to Soft Shell Cave Aug 10, 2005.
1:27:30 map of cave.
1:28:08 percentage of bird remains.
1:30:00 slide of eggs in nest and Haidas at table.
1:31:55 Map locating caves and saddle across the island, and Elderberry Cave on west side of Lowery Island.
1:32:35 test pit remains of Auke]let and puffin remains AD 390 to 590; 1590 to 1910; bird burrows 8 to 20 feet long; all nesting sites of the rhionocerrus auklets are on the east side of Forrester Is., egg laying last week of May.
1:36:45 wide shot of Madonna and chart on screen.
1:40:00 Tlingit dance apron with over 200 puffin beaks.
1:41:00 Treaty timeline: law prohibited indigenous use.
1:42:40 Craig and Hoonah egging area maps.
1:43:45 Forrester Island bird song by Jessie Natkong recorded in 1985.
1:45:50 slide thanking those who helped.



https://youtu.be/G5SArYhU9D4
92
Archeology: Partnerships2007Terry Fifield2007 SOK Vol 18 Traditions of Living with the Land and Sea, Part I:
Terry Fifield “Inclusive Archeology: Research and Partnerships at on Your Knees Cave”
1:47:00 Intro by Madonna Moss to Terry Fifield’s film “Kuwóot yas.ein” (his spirit is looking out from the cave)”. [Screen image] [See YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HDCS56zZaNo -- interviews with Rosita Worl, Clarence Jackson, Millie Stevens;
Remains 10,500 years ago. Artifacts of rock types from elsewhere: Summez Island and Mt. Edziza. People had been here much longer. Appears to be a direct link between the people of today and thousands of years ago. E. James Dixon, Denver Museum on Natural History. Linda Blankenship; Pacific coast migration route. Yarrow Vaara interviewed.
2:16:40 Terry Fifield introduces himself. USFS Archeologist POW for 15 years. Mitochondrial studies on the human remains by Brian Kemp of UC Davis, National Geographic summarized it. Google for “Brian Kemp Mitochondrial DNA On Your Knees Cave”
end at 2:19:00




https://youtu.be/G5SArYhU9D4
93
Warriors: Armor2007George Bennett, et al.2007 SOK Vol 19 Our Warriors Old and New Traditions
George Bennett
1:19 Erma Lawrence (?) sings a Haida prayer (sound better but lighting not so much)) ends at 3:20. Willard Jackson, pays respect to the departed. George Bennett returns to mic.
6:22 Ethel Lund standing.
6:49 Ray Wilson veterans have been overlooked for a long time, need to recognize our warriors;
8:30 Willard Jackson thank yous;
9:20 Mike Dangeli speaks (Tsimshian?) intros victory song, Asks his uncle to step to the mic;
11:39 (Mike’s uncle) thanks Kiks.adi and other clans to share this moment. Mike Dangfeli returns to mic
14:30 the song was sung by men and women after skirmishes and combat;
17:25 mentions BA Haldane.
18:57 dance begins






Erma Lawrence (?), Willard Jackson, Ray Wilson, Mike Dangeli https://youtu.be/97awW8B35JQ
94
Warriors: Armor2007Steve Henrikson2007 SOK Vol 19 Our Warriors Old and New Traditions
Steve Henrikson: asks permission to share research on armor and weapons.
22:30 asked Mark Jacobs, George Ramos etc have given their consent.
25:26 Mark Jacobs image holding Killer Whale hat;
26:27: Tlingit armored figure. Bullets would not penetrate.
27:59 pencil drawing of warrior w bow and arrow.
28:08 1781 war helmet.
28:35 difference between crest and war helmets. Back of the helmet is difinitive.
29:08 crest hat is different, thinner, more elaborate. Series of helmet photos;
34:39 Sea Lion helmet;
39:06 Helmet with face protecting collar (figure w eyes within). 42:14 custom made body armor, woven together like basketry. 48:29 use of daggers.
49:45 Columbia River armor through trade.
50:52 blunderbuss casued added layers some vests with solid chinese coins.
52:17 war helmets remade for ceremonial uses;
53:25 Chilkat tunic. Emmons interviews with weavers suggest the tunics replicated armor design.
58:27 welcome ceremony (1904 image) when hosts received guests the hosts mimiced a military stance preparing for battle until the guests are recognized and received.
58:10 George Bennett explaining 1904 photo;



https://youtu.be/97awW8B35JQ
95
Warriors: Armor2007George Ramos2007 SOK Vol 19 Our Warriors Old and New Traditions
59:00 George Ramos - uses Tlingit phrases throughout -- the cry of a man overcome; a warrior training begins at 6.5 years old.
54:13 the uncle’s “Hooo!” if a boy cries: likens crying to vomit, of no good to anyone.
1:03:25 (George) went to school in Cleveland OH.
1:04:00 ignorance of people about Alaska.
1:05:00 returns to training; mother will bring the boy down the beach to dip him in water then the training starts; if you grow up with your mother and father, you grow up lazy.
1:06:52 (Tlingit) morning shout that sends boys to sit in the water.
1:08:00 description and stories of training exercises; 16:44 They believed in inner strength, this is what the training is about.
1:21:00 describes inside of longhouse;
1:23:30 story of a hunter retrieving his kill;
1:26:00 how men fought;
1:28:30 describes use of face protecting collar;
1:32:00 first white man came into Yakutat area 1786 These people we called the “people under the clouds” or “hairy faced people.” Return of the White Raven.
1:36:00 how weapons were carried, called “that which is handy.”
1:36:44 the warriors code: always protect the clan; it goverened their way of life.
1:41:00 the uncle’s concentration on the nephew.
1:45:00 this will be a very good conference that will open the Box of Light, and we’ll dig deeper into knowledge: I tell my young people
1:46:00 END



https://youtu.be/97awW8B35JQ
96
Warriors: Armor2007Ashley Verplank2007 SOK Vol 19 Our Warriors Old and New Traditions
Evolution of Tlingit Dagger
Ashley Verplank
1:46:00 Evolution of Tlingit Dagger”
1:46:45 uses;
1:46:15 invites everyone to presentation the next day.		https://youtu.be/97awW8B35JQ
97
Warriors: Veterans2007George Bennett2007 SOK Vol 19 Our Warriors Old and New Traditions
1:48:00 George Bennett intros veterans.		https://youtu.be/97awW8B35JQ
98
Subsistence: food, culture2007Lillian Petershoare 2007 SOK Vol 20 Traditions of Living with the Land and Sea, Part II
“Our Food is Our Tlingit Way of Life”
Lillian Petershoare intros herself.
2:18 recruitment of Richard Newton by USFS to interview Tlingit elders about food.
3:00 a history of the studies including that by Madonna Moss. An interviewee was Matilda Gamble.
5:00 the debates about the inadequacy of the word “subsistence.”
6:00 The USFS needed to change the title, and it did to “Our Food is Our Tlingit Way of Life”
7;29 praises elders Nora Dauenhauer, Marie Olson;
9:30 distribution;
11:15 talks about the video CD.
13:45 how to view the video (by interlibrary loan). Mentions Ruby Jackson, Walter Soboleff’s sister.



https://youtu.be/CyHCT35zElU
99
Clam Gardens2007John Harper 2007 SOK Vol 20 Traditions of Living with the Land and Sea, Part II
John Harper.
Glam Gardens of the Pacific Northwest, Sitka to Puget Sound.
33:12 John Harper with intros, including his partner Mary Morris. 34:40 10,000 miles of coastal habitat aerial survey.
36:45 aerial Sitka Sound Clam Garden (the end of the story); 37:00 (the start of the story) this all started in 1995.
38:00 Morris is a coast geomorphologist who could not explain the what turned out to be cultural modifications of the coast line.
39:00 images of bolder ridges.
39:50 “Clam Terrace.
40:40 confusion with fish traps.
41:00 354 clam terraces in ten miles.
42:30 a 1925 book that recorded clam beaches in indigenous territory.
44:19 book about naturalist Billy Proctor “Heart of the Raincoast.
45:00 Billy Proctor letter revealing when he heard about clam gardens (1950);
45:40 Nancy Turner introduces us to Chief Adam Dick. 48:24 Chief Adam Dick identification;
50:47 2003 Broughton Archipelago Clam Garden Survey.
52:30 Orcas Is. clam garden of the Lummi Indians.
54:30 Billy Proctors garden, about 30x30, 6,500 lbs of clams over 40 years (160 lbs/year);
55:50 slide about elders making lazy children move rocks to the base of the beach.
58:00 end




https://youtu.be/CyHCT35zElU
100
Clam Gardens2007Bob Sam2007 SOK Vol 20 Traditions of Living with the Land and Sea, Part II
Bob Sam
Glam Gardens of the Pacific Northwest, Sitka to Puget Sound.
59:00 Bob Sam these clam gardens are new to us. First heard about clam gardens by a friend.
1:00:00 my mouth waters when I think about this clam gardens, was trained to find canoe haul outs, know it is a special place.
1:02:00 find ancient sites, middens. Clam garden rock walls all over the place: we don’t share, our favorite clam digging areas.
1:05:00 ask elders about these places.
1:07:30 end

https://youtu.be/CyHCT35zElU