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GradeStandard
ID		StandardTeacher Vocabulary
List key terms in the standard that are essential for the teacher to interpret and understand to lead students to grade-level attainment.
Begin each list item with an uppercase letter.		Knowledge
"What" does the student need to know? (The Concept)
Should begin with "Students know:" and be a list of complete sentences.		Skills
What is it that students must be able to do?
(Skill = the verb)
Should begin with "Students are able to:" and be a list of complete sentences.		Understanding
What will students "understand" to attain the standard? (The BIG idea)
Should begin with "Students understand that:" and be a list of complete sentences.
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KGSC23.K.1Plan and carry out investigations to determine the effects of forces of different strengths and directions on the motion of an object, including speed, direction, and distance traveled.*Force
*Speed
*Direction
*Distance
*Motion
*Strength		Students know:
*Pushes and pulls can have different strengths and directions.
*Pushing or pulling on an object can change the speed or direction of its motion and can start or stop it.
*A bigger push or pull makes things speed up or slow down more quickly.		Students are able to:
*Investigate forces and interactions.
*Describe objects and their motions.
*Describe relative strengths and directions of the push or pull applied to an object.		Students understand that:
*Changes in the strength and direction of pushes and pulls affect the motion of an object.
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KGSC23.K.2Analyze data from investigations to determine whether a design solution provides sufficient force to change the speed or direction of an object.*Force
*Speed
*Direction
*Data
*Solution		Students know:
*The relative speed or direction of the object before a push or pull is applied (e.g., faster, slower).
*The relative speed or direction of the object after a push or pull is applied.
*How the relative strength of a push or pull affects the speed or direction of an object (e.g., harder, softer).		Students are able to:
*Describe the design solution.
*Analyze data from investigations to determine change in speed or direction.		Students understand that:
*A design solution may cause the intended change in speed or direction of an object.
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KGSC23.K.3Use data from observations to distinguish characteristics of living and nonliving things.*Distinguish
*Living
*Nonliving

Students know:
*Living things have basic needs that must be met in order to survive, while nonliving things do not.
*Living things have the ability to grow, change, and reproduce, while nonliving things do not.		Students are able to:
*Distinguish between the characteristics of living (including humans) and nonliving things through observation.		Students understand that:
*Patterns in the natural world can be observed and used as evidence when distinguishing between living and nonliving things.
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KGSC23.K.4Use observations to determine patterns of what plants and animals (including humans) need to survive, including light, water, and nutrients.*Need
*Survive
*Nutrients
*Water
*Light
*Air
*Food		Students know:
*All animals need food, water, and air to survive.
*Animals obtain their food from plants and other animals.
*Plants need water, light, and air to survive.		Students are able to:
*Determine what living things, including plants and animals, need to survive.		Students understand that:
*Patterns in the natural world can be observed and used as evidence in determining the needs of living things.
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KGSC23.K.5Gather information from observations and media to explain how plants and animals can provide for their needs by changing their environment.*Needs
*Environment
Students know:
*Plants and animals meet their needs.
*Plants change their environment to meet their needs.
*Animals change their environment to meet their needs.		Students are able to:
*Explain that plants and animals alter the environment they live in to meet their needs.		Students understand that:
*Systems in the natural world have parts that work together.
*Plants and animals work within a system to change their environments to meet their needs.
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KGSC23.K.6Use models of natural habitats to represent the interdependence among plants and animals native to their community.*Model
*Natural habitat
*Interdependence
*Plants
*Animals
*Native
*Community		Students know:
*The needs of plants and animals native to their community.
*How to use a model of a natural habitat and identify and describe the components of the model.
*Places where the different plants and animals live in their community.
*The relationship between the habitat of plants and animals and the resources those habitats provide.		Students are able to:
*Explain a model that represents interactions that occur in a natural habitat.		Students understand that:
*Systems in the natural environments have parts that work together and can be represented.
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KGSC23.K.7Make observations and describe the effects of sunlight on Earth’s surface.*Observe
*Describe
*Sunlight
*Earth's surface		Students know:
*Sunlight warms the Earth's surface.
*Different patterns of relative warmth of materials in sunlight and shade (e.g., hotter, warmer, cooler, and colder).
*Materials on the Earth's surface can be investigated (e.g., dirt, sand, water) and described.		Students are able to:
*Observe the effects of sunlight on Earth's surface.
*Describe the effects of sunlight on Earth's surface.		Students understand that:
*Sunlight causes an observable effect on the Earth's surfaces including water, soil, rocks, sand, and grass.
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KGSC23.K.8âš™ Design, construct, and test a device to reduce the effects of sunlight.*Design
*Construct
*Test
*Device
*Sunlight
*Reduce
*Effects

Students know:
*The effects of sunlight on the Earth's surface can cause problems.
*A design solution can reduce the effects of the sunlight on the Earth's surface. 		Students are able to:
*Use tools and materials provided to design, build, and test a device that reduces the effects of sunlight.		Students understand that:
*Structures can reduce the effects of sunlight on Earth's surface.
*Whether or not a device meets expectations in terms of cause (device reduces effects of sunlight) and effect (less warming).
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KGSC23.K.9Observe, record, and communicate local weather patterns over a period of time.*Observe
*Record
*Communicate
*Weather
*Patterns
*Period of time		Students know:
*The number of sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy, cool, or warm days.
*The relative temperature at various times of the day (e.g., cooler in the morning, warmer during the day, cooler at night).
*The relative number of days of different types of weather conditions in a month.
*The change in the relative temperature over the course of the day.
*Certain months have more days of some kinds of weather than do other months (e.g., some months have more hot days, and some have more rainy days).
*The differences in relative temperature over the course of a day (e.g., between early morning and the afternoon, between one day and another) are directly related to the time of day.		Students are able to:
*Observe weather patterns over a period of time.
*Record findings of weather patterns over a period of time.
*Share findings of weather patterns over a period of time.
*Describe patterns in the weather data.		Students understand that:
*Patterns of weather can be observed, used to describe weather related phenomena, and used as evidence.
*Whether events have causes that generate observable patterns.
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KGSC23.K.10Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about using weather forecasts to make plans and prepare for severe weather.*Evaluate
*Weather forecast
*Severe weather 		Students know:
*There are patterns related to local severe weather that can be observed (e.g., certain types of severe weather happen more in certain places).
*Weather patterns (e.g., some events are more likely to occur in certain regions) help scientists predict severe weather before it happens.
*Severe weather warnings are used to communicate predictions about severe weather.
*Weather forecasting can help people plan for, and respond to, specific local weather (e.g., responses: stay indoors during severe weather, go to cooling centers during heat waves; preparations: evacuate coastal areas before a hurricane, cover windows before storms).		Students are able to:
*Ask questions based on observations to find more information about the world.
*Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information from observations and grade-appropriate text or media.
*Obtain information to describe patterns in the natural world.		Students understand that:
*Severe weather has causes that generate observable patterns.
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KGSC23.K.11âš™ Identify a problem and design possible solutions that lessen the human impact on the local environment.*Human impact
*Design
*Solution
*Lessen
Students know:
*Human activities can have both positive and negative impacts on the environment.
*Engineering and technology can be used to create possible solutions to reduce the negative impacts on the environment.		Students are able to:
*Identify possible solutions that lessen human impact on the environment.
*Plan possible solutions to lessen human impact on the environment.
*Design possible solutions to lessen human impact on the environment.		Students understand that:
*Human activities can have both a positive and negative effect on the local environment.
*There are solutions that can lessen the negative impacts on the local environment.
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