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Aminotransferases subclassFamilyGeneEC NumberCommon NameAbbreviationSubstratesProductsCofactorMw (kDa)Kinetic ParametersSubcellular LocalizationNoteLink outsNew activities detected (substrates)New activities detected (substrates)New comments 2024 March
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Class IAspartate aminotransferasesAT2G30970
2.6.1.1Aspartate aminotransferase 1 (ASP1)AspAT2-oxoglutarate, L-aspartateoxaloacetate, L-glutamatePLP48Km(Asp)= 1-3mM ; Km (2-oxoglutarate) = 0.26mM ; kcat(fwd)= 205 s-1 ; Km(glu)= 8.15mM ; Km(oxaloacetate)= 0.038mM ; kcat(rev)=319Mitochondria-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9535706 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18318836 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14671022 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P46643 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT2G309702-oxoglutarate, L-Phe or Tyr or TrpL-glutamate, phenylpyruvate or 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate or indole 3-pyruvate
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AT5G19550
2.6.1.1Aspartate aminotransferase 2 (ASP2)AspAT2-oxoglutarate, L-aspartateoxaloacetate, L-glutamatePLP44Km(Asp)= 1.38mM ; Km (2-oxoglutarate) = 0.1mM ; kcat(fwd)= 217 s-1 ; Km(glu)= 12.8mM ; Km(oxaloacetate)= 0.027mM ; kcat(rev)=574Cytosolmay play a role in PLP homeostasis in Arabidopsishttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9535706 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21511809 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P46645 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?id=135563&type=locus2-oxoglutarate, L-Phe or Tyr or TrpL-glutamate, phenylpyruvate or 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate or indole 3-pyruvate
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AT5G11520
2.6.1.1Aspartate aminotransferase 3 (ASP3)AspAT2-oxoglutarate, L-aspartateoxaloacetate, L-glutamatePLP49Km(Asp)= 2.5mMPlastid (major chloroplastic)-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18318836 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P46644 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT5G115202-oxoglutarate, L-Phe or Tyr or TrpL-glutamate, phenylpyruvate or 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate or indole 3-pyruvate
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AT1G62800
2.6.1.1Aspartate aminotransferase 4 (ASP4)AspAT2-oxoglutarate, L-aspartateoxaloacetate, L-glutamatePLP44-Cytosol?-https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P46646 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?name=AT1G62800&type=locusAbove Aro AT activity not detected.
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AT4G31990
2.6.1.1Aspartate aminotransferase 5 (ASP5)AspAT2-oxoglutarate, L-aspartateoxaloacetate, L-glutamatePLP50Km(Asp)= 1-2.85-mM ; Km (2-oxoglutarate) = 0.09mM ; kcat(fwd)= 176 s-1 ; Km(glu)= 11.6mM ; Km(oxaloacetate)= 0.02mM ; kcat(rev)=279Plastid (likely amyloplast)-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9535706 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18318836 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14754918 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P46248 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?id=126846&type=locusProtein could not be expressed and purified.
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Prephenate aminotransferase AT2G22250
2.6.1.1glutamate/aspartate-prephenate aminotransferase (PAT)PPA-AT2-oxoglutarate, L-aspartateoxaloacetate, L-glutamatePLP46Km(Asp)= 12mM ; Km (2-oxoglutarate) = 0.069-0.2mM ; kcat(2-oxoglutarate)= 16.8-65 s-1 ; Km(glu)= 5.6mM ; Km(oxaloacetate)= 0.025-8.23mM ; kcat(oxaloacetate)=200s-1PlastidProkaryotic-type aspartate aminotransferase. Has also a prenate transaminase activity. Involved in the aromatic amino acids biosynthesis pathway via the arogenate route. Required for the transamination of prephenate into arogenatehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20883697 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21102469 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9SIE1 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=At2g22250 https://biocyc.org/gene?orgid=ARA&id=AT2G22250
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2.6.1.78oxaloacetate, L-arogenateprephenate, L-aspartateKm(Asp)= 2.2-2.84mM ; Km (prephenate) = 0.013-0.036mM ; kcat(prephenate)= 4.6-28s-1 ;
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2.6.1.792-oxoglutarate, L-arogenateprephenate, L-glutamateKm(glu)= 1.5-2.7mM ; Km(prephenate)= 0.014-0.068mM ; kcat(prephenate)=9-95s-1
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Aromatic aminotransferases AT1G233202.6.1.27Tryptophan aminotransferase-related protein 1 (TAR1)TrpAT2-oxoglutarate, L-tryptophanindole-3-pyruvate, L-glutamatePLP(by similarity)44-plastid (anotated)Inhibited by L-kynurenine. Enzyme mainly functions in IPA formationhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22108404 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9LR29 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?name=AT1G23320&type=locus
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2.6.1.99pyruvate, L-tryptophanindole-3-pyruvate, L-alanine
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AT4G24670
2.6.1.27Tryptophan aminotransferase-related protein 2 (TAR2)TrpAT2-oxoglutarate, L-tryptophanindole-3-pyruvate, L-glutamatePLP(by similarity)50-single pass membrane Inhibited by L-kynurenine. Enzyme mainly functions in IPA formationhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22108404 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q94A02 https://biocyc.org/gene?orgid=ARA&id=AT4G24670
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2.6.1.99TrpATpyruvate, L-tryptophanindole-3-pyruvate, L-alanine
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AT1G34040
-Tryptophan aminotransferase-related protein 3 (TAR3)TrpAT/Allinase--PLP(by similarity)52- Single-pass membrane-https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9FE98 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT1G34040
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AT1G34060
-Tryptophan aminotransferase-related protein 4 (TAR4)TrpAT/Allinase--PLP(by similarity)52- Single-pass membrane-https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q93Z38 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=At1g34060
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AT1G705602.6.1.27L-tryptophan--pyruvate aminotransferase 1 (TAA1), also known as SAV3TrpAT2-oxoglutarate, L-tryptophanindole-3-pyruvate, L-glutamatePLP45Km(tyr) = 4.74mM ; Vmax(tyr) = 168.2‬ µmol/min/mg ; Km (trp) = 0.29mM ; Vmax(trp) = 25.8 µmol/min/ug ; Km (phe) = 9.35mM ; Vmax(phe) = 63.4‬ µmol/min/mg ; optimal pH = 8.8 ; optimum tempereture = 55C CytosolInhibited by L-kynurenine, vmax values given at uniprot are inccorect for tyr and phe (check supp. figure 5 of original cell paper). It is unclear whether pyruvate or 2-oxoglutarate is the more biologically relevant cosubstrate for this enzyme. Enzyme mainly functions in IPA formationhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18394996 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9S7N2 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT1G70560
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2.6.1.99pyruvate, L-tryptophanindole-3-pyruvate, L-alanine
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2.6.1.58pyruvate, L-phenylalanine3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate, L-alanine
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2.6.1.572-oxoglutarate, L-phenylalanine3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate, L-glutamate
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2.6.1.58pyruvate, L-tyrosine3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate, L-alanine
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2.6.1.52-oxoglutarate, L-tyrosine3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate, L-glutamate
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 2.6.1.22-oxoglutarate, L-alanineL-glutamate, pyruvate
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2.6.1.62-oxoglutarate, L-leucineL-glutamate, 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate
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2.6.1.882-oxoglutarate, L-methionineL-glutamate, 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate
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AT1G80360
2.6.1.88Aromatic aminotransferase (ISS1), also known as VAS1ISS1indole-3-pyruvate, L-methionine4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate, L-tryptophanPLP44See two given papers (contradicting data)CytosolEnzyme mainly functions in Trp formation young seedlings and Trp catabolism in mature plants. Two sources on the subject contredict about the susbtares of this enzyme. Paper by Zheng et al claim only the hydrophobic amino acids, L-Met, L-Phe, L-Ile, L-Leu, L-Val and L-Tyr served as amino donors and 3-IPA was the most
suitable amino acceptor and 2-oxoglutarate is not utilized. The most catalytically preferred amino donor in the L-Trp forming in vitro reaction was L-Met. On the other hand, paper by Pieck et al claim Trp, Try, Phe and Glu(in reverse) act as amino donors and it can utilize 2-oxoglutarate		https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3948326/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26163189 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9C969 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?accession=locus:2034240
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-indole-3-pyruvate, L-phenylalanine3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate, L-tryptophan
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-indole-3-pyruvate, L-tyrosine3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate, L-tryptophan
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-indole-3-pyruvate, L-valine3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid, L-tryptophan
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-indole-3-pyruvate, L-leucine4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid, L-tryptophan
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-indole-3-pyruvate, L-isoluecine3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid , L-tryptophan
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-indole-3-pyruvate, L-glutamate2-oxoglutarate, L-tryptophan
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2.6.1.572-oxoglutarate, L-phenylalanine3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate, L-glutamate
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2.6.1.52-oxoglutarate, L-tyrosine3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate, L-glutamate
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Tyrosine aminotransferasesAT5G53970
2.6.1.5Tyrosine transaminase 1 (TAT1)TAT2-oxoglutarate, L-tyrosine3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate, L-glutamatePLP46Km(Tyr)= 0.204mM ; Km (2-oxoglutarate) = 3.33mM ; kcat(tyr)= 57.3 s-1 ; kcat(2-oxoglutarate)= 48 s-1 ; Km(3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate)= 10.1mM ; kcat(3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate)=23.9s-1CytosolEnzyme can also use keto acids different than 2-oxoglutarate. Also, it can use glu as an amino-donor with keto acids other than 2-oxoglutarate, see 2016 Wang et. al paper(table1) for details https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27726859 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22540282 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9FN30 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=at5g53970
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2.6.1.572-oxoglutarate, L-phenylalanine3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate, L-glutamateKm(phe)= 6.94mM ; kcat(phe)= 57.3 s-1 ; ; Km(3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate)= 0.46mM ; kcat(3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate)=24.5s-1
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2.6.1.272-oxoglutarate, L-tryptophanindole-3-pyruvate, L-glutamate-
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2.6.1.382-oxoglutarate, L-histidineimidazol-5-yl-pyruvate, L-glutamate-
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2.6.1.882-oxoglutarate, L-methionine 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate, L-glutamateKm(met)= 24.2mM ; kcat(met)= 26.6 s-1 ; ; Km(4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate)= 1.3mM ; kcat(4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate)=20.1s-1
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2.6.1.62-oxoglutarate, L-leucine4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamate, -
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AT5G36160
2.6.1.5Tyrosine transaminase 2 (TAT2)TAT2-oxoglutarate, L-tyrosine3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate, L-glutamatePLP47Km(Tyr)= 2.9mM ; Km (2-oxoglutarate) = 7.62mM ; kcat(tyr)= 0.75s-1 ; kcat(2-oxoglutarate)= 0.53s-1 ; Km(3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate)= 0.41mM ; kcat(3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate)=0.43s-1Cytosolhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27726859 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21188077 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9LVY1 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT5G36160
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2.6.1.572-oxoglutarate, L-phenylalanine3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate, L-glutamateKm(phe)= 6.7mM ; kcat(phe)= 0.51 s-1 ; ; Km(3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate)= 1.28mM ; kcat(3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate)=0.47s-1
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2.6.1.272-oxoglutarate, L-tryptophanindole-3-pyruvate, L-glutamate-
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2.6.1.382-oxoglutarate, L-histidineimidazol-5-yl-pyruvate, L-glutamate-
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2.6.1.882-oxoglutarate, L-methionine 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate, L-glutamateKm(met)= 1.7mM ; kcat(met)= 0.53s-1 ; ; Km(4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate)= 0.81mM ; kcat(4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate)=0.7s-1
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2.6.1.62-oxoglutarate, L-leucine4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamate, -
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 2.6.1.22-oxoglutarate, L-alanineL-glutamate, pyruvate-
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2-oxoglutarate, L-serine-
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2.6.1.32-oxoglutarate, L-cystinemercaptopyruvate, L-glutamate-
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2.6.1.142-oxoglutarate, L-asparagine2-oxosuccinamate, L-glutamate-
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2.6.1.12-oxoglutarate, L-aspartateoxaloacetate, L-glutamate-
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-2-oxoglutarate, L-glutamine2-ketoglutaramate, L-glutamate-
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-2-oxoglutarate, L-arginine5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamate-
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AT4G28420
-Uncharacterized tyrosine transaminase (activity not shown), could be a C-N lyase instead--PLP50--Uncharacterized tyrosine transaminase (activity not shown), could be a C-N lyase insteadhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27726859 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q67Y55 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT4G28420
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AT2G24850
-TAT3 (activity not shown), could be a C-N lyase instead--PLP49--Uncharacterized tyrosine transaminase (activity not shown), could be a C-N lyase insteadhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27726859 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9SK47 https://biocyc.org/gene?orgid=ARA&id=AT2G24850-MONOMER#
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AT4G23590-Uncharacterized tyrosine transaminase (activity not shown), could be a C-N lyase instead--PLP48--Uncharacterized tyrosine transaminase (activity not shown), could be a C-N lyase insteadhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27726859 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8VYP2 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT4G23590
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AT4G28410
-Uncharacterized tyrosine transaminase (activity not shown), could be a C-N lyase instead--PLP50--Uncharacterized tyrosine transaminase (activity not shown), could be a C-N lyase insteadhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27726859 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT4G28410 https://biocyc.org/gene?orgid=ARA&id=AT4G28410
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Histidinol-phosphate aminotransferases (or Imidazole acetol-phosphate transaminase)AT5G10330
2.6.1.9Histidinol-phosphate aminotransferase 1 (HISN6A)HisPAT2-oxoglutarate, L-histidinol phosphate
3-(imidazol-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl phosphate, L-glutamate		PLP47-PlastidHISN6A and HISN6B almost have the same sequencehttps://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B9DHD3 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1533942/ https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT5G10330
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AT1G71920
2.6.1.9Histidinol-phosphate aminotransferase 2 (HISN6B)HisPAT2-oxoglutarate, L-histidinol phosphate
3-(imidazol-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl phosphate, L-glutamate		PLP47-Plastidhttps://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0DI07 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1533942/ https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT1G71920
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Kynurenine(?) aminotransferaseAT1G77670
2.6.1.-Kynurenine aminotransferases (KAT)GTK/KATL-kynurenine, 2-oxoglutarate4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate, L-glutamatePLP49-PlastidUncharaterized aminotransferase. Annotaed to be in kynurenine aminotransferase family but the aa substrate can be L-methionine isntead.https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9CAP1 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?name=AT1G77670&type=locus https://biocyc.org/gene?orgid=ARA&id=AT1G77670
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L-methionine, 2-oxoglutaramate4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate, L-glutamine-
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Alanine aminotransferasesAT1G172902.6.1.2Alanine aminotransferase 1 (ALAAT1)AlaAT2-oxoglutarate, L-alanineL-glutamate, pyruvatePLP60Km (ala) = 2.4mM ; Km (2-oxoglutarate) = 0.1mM ; Km (glu) = 2.5mM ; Km (Pyruvate) = 0.1mM Mitochondria-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3567105/ https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/F4I7I0 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?name=AT1G17290&type=locusglyoxylate, L-alanineL-glycine, pyruvate
Consistent with glycine production in mitochondria for the alternative photorespiration pathway (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17595195/)
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AT1G72330
Alanine aminotransferase 2 (ALAAT2)AlaAT2-oxoglutarate, L-alanineL-glutamate, pyruvatePLP60Km (ala) = 10.4mM ; Km (2-oxoglutarate) = 1mM ; Km (glu) = 4.9mM ; Km (Pyruvate) = 5.1mM Mitochondria-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3567105/ https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9LDV4 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT1G72330AlaAT2 did not show this activity..
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Glutamate--glyoxylate aminotransferasesAT1G23310
2.6.1.2Glutamate--glyoxylate aminotransferase 1 (GGAT1)GGAT2-oxoglutarate, L-alanineL-glutamate, pyruvatePLP53Km (ala) = 7.16mM ; Km (2-oxoglutarate) = 0.27mM ; Km (glu) = 3mM ; Km (Pyruvate) = 0.33mM ; Km (glyoxylate) = 0.27mMPeroxisomeCatalyzes the glutamate:glyoxylate (GGT or GGAT), alanine:glyoxylate (AGT), alanine:2-oxoglutarate (AKT) and glutamate:pyruvate (GPT) aminotransferase reactions in peroxisomes. Functions as a photorespiratory aminotransferase that modulates amino acid content during photorespiration (GGAT activity)https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12529529 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9LR30 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=At1g23310
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2.6.1.4 L-glutamate, glyoxylate2-oxoglutarate, glycinePrevious activities confirmed
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2.6.1.44glyoxylate, L-alanineglycine, pyruvate
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AT1G70580
2.6.1.2Glutamate--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (GGAT2)GGAT2-oxoglutarate, L-alanineL-glutamate, pyruvatePLP53Km (ala) = 3.56mM ; Km (2-oxoglutarate) = 0.51mM ; Km (glu) = 3.32mM ; Km (Pyruvate) = 0.36mM ; Km (glyoxylate) = 0.14mMPeroxisome-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12529529 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9S7E9 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT1G70580
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2.6.1.4 L-glutamate, glyoxylate2-oxoglutarate, glycinePrevious activities confirmed
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2.6.1.44glyoxylate, L-alanineglycine, pyruvate
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Lysine aminotransferasesAT2G138102.6.1.36AGD2-LIKE DEFENSE RESPONSE PROTEIN 1 (ALD1)ALD12-oxoglutarate, L-lysine6-amino-2-oxohexanoate, L-glutamatePLP51Km(lys)= 0.53mM ; Km(2-oxoglutarate) = 2.63mM ; kcat(lys)= 4.42s-1 ;; kcat(2-oxoglutarate)=3.75s-1PlastidConverts lysine to ketolysine, which then can spontaneously cyclize to form delta-1-piperideine-2-carboxylate (P2C). ALD1 had its highest activities with Lys, Ala, Arg, Met, and AABA.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27758894 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC341909/ https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9ZQI7 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?name=AT2G13810&type=locus
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2.6.1.-2-oxoglutarate, L-arginine5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamate Km(arg)= 5.1mM ; kcat(arg)=2.07s-1
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2.6.1.22-oxoglutarate, L-alaninepyruvate, L-glutamateKm(ala)= 5.56mM ; kcat(ala)=2.15s-1
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LL-diaminopimelate aminotransferaseAT4G33680
2.6.1.83LL-diaminopimelate aminotransferase(DAP or AGD2)DAP-AT/AGD2LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate, 2-oxoglutarate(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate, L-glutamatePLP50Km(LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate)= 0.47-67uM ; Km (2-oxoglutarate) = 8.7mM ; Km((S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate)= 38uM ; Km(glu) = 1.9mM ; Vmax(LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate)= 22.3 µmol/min/mg ; Vmax((S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate)=0.38 µmol/min/mg ; kcat(LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate)= 17.6s-1 ; kcat((S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate)=0.3s-1 ; PlastidCatalyzes the direct conversion of tetrahydrodipicolinate to LL-diaminopimelate, a reaction that requires three enzymes in E.coli. Not active with meso-diaminopimelate, lysine or ornithine as substrates.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17583737 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16361515 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q93ZN9 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?name=AT4G33680&type=locus
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Class IIGamma-aminobutyrate transaminaseAT3G22200
2.6.1.96Gamma-aminobutyrate(GABA) transaminase (POP2)POP24-aminobutanoate, pyruvateL-alanine, succinate semialdehydePLP55Km(GABA)= 0.34mM ; Km (pyruvate) = 0.14mM ; Km(ala)= 2.4mM ; Km(succinate semialdehyde)= 0.014mM ; Vmax(GABA)= 11.9 µmol/min/mg ; Vmax(pyruvate)=11.9 µmol/min/mg ; Vmax(ala)= 17.4 µmol/min/mg ; Vmax(succinate semialdehyde)=12.1 µmol/min/mg ; kcat(GABA)= 10.6s-1 ; kcat(pyruvate)=10.6s-1 ; kcat(ala)= 15.4s-1 ; kcat(succinate semialdehyde)=10.8s-1
MitochondriaTransaminase that degrades gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) and uses pyruvate or glyoxylate as amino-group acceptor, but not 2-oxoglutarate. The pyruvate-dependent activity is reversible while the glyoxylate-dependent activity is irreversible. Cannot use beta-alanine, ornithine, acetylornithine, serine, glycine, asparagine, glutamine, glutamate, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, arginine, aspartate, threonine, tyrosine, tryptophan, proline, or cysteine as amino donors. Involved with regulating leaf senescence and the recycling of nitrogen through the GABA shunt https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19264755 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q94CE5 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT3G22200
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4-aminobutanoate, glyoxylateglycine, succinate semialdehydeKm(GABA)= 0.18mM ; Km (glyoxylate) = 0.11mM ; Vmax(GABA)= 7.8 µmol/min/mg ; Vmax(glyoxylate)=10.9 µmol/min/mg ; kcat(GABA)= 6.9s-1 ; kcat(glyoxylate)=9.7s-1 ;
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glycine, pyruvateL-alanine, glyoxylateKm(ala)= 2.2mM ; Km (glyoxylate) = 0.14mM ; Vmax(ala)= 15.8 µmol/min/mg ; Vmax(glyoxylate)=13.6 µmol/min/mg ; kcat(ala)= 14.1s-1 ; kcat(glyoxylate)=12.1s-1 ;
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Ornithine aminotransferaseAT5G46180
2.6.1.13Ornithine aminotransferase (DELTA-OAT)δOATa 2-oxocarboxylate, L-ornithinean L-α-amino acid, L-glutamate 5-semialdehydePLP52Km(L-ornithine)= 91mM ; Vmax(L-ornithine)= 0.47 µmol/min/mg MitochondriaThe mitochondrial location of this enzyme and the phenotype of mutant plants suggests that it is not involved in proline biosynthesis, but likely plays a role in arginine catabolismhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9576796 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18419821 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9FNK4 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?name=AT5G46180&type=locus https://biocyc.org/gene?orgid=ARA&id=AT5G46180#
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Acetylornithine aminotransferaseAT1G80600
2.6.1.11Acetylornithine aminotransferase (WIN1)OATN2-acetyl-L-ornithine, 2-oxoglutarate
N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde, L-glutamate		PLP49-Plastid, Mitochondria-https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9M8M7 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?name=AT1G80600&type=locus https://biocyc.org/gene?orgid=ARA&id=AT1G80600
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7,8-diamino-pelargonic acid aminotransferaseAT5G57590
2.6.1.62Bifunctional dethiobiotin synthetase/7,8-diamino-pelargonic acid aminotransferase (BIO1)BIO18-amino-7-oxononanoate, S-adenosyl-L-methionine7,8-diaminononanoate,
S-adenosyl-4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate		PLP92Km(7,8-diaminononanoate)= 18.7uM ; kcat(7,8-diaminononanoate)= 0.031 s-1MitochondriaCatalyzes the transfer of the alpha-amino group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid (KAPA) to form 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid (DAPA). It is the only animotransferase known to utilize SAM as an amino donor.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22547782 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B0F481 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?name=AT5G57590&type=locus
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Omega-amino acid aminotransferaseAT3G08860
 2.6.1.18β-alanine/L-alanine aminotransferase (PYD4)PYD4pyruvate, β-alanineL-alanine, 3-oxopropanoic acid PLP53-Mitochondria-https://doi.org/10.1002/pld3.171 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9SR86 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=at3g08860pyruvate, β-alanine, Not detected in Parthasarathy 2019
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glyoxylate, L-alanineglycine, pyruvate4-hydroxypyruvate, L-alanineserine, pyruvateglyoxylate, L-alanine was detected in Parthasarathy 2019
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 2.6.1.22-oxoglutarate, L-alanineL-glutamate, pyruvate2-oxoglutarate, L-alanine, Not detected in Parthasarathy 2019
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Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferaseAT4G39660
2.6.1.44Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (AGT2) AGT2glyoxylate, L-alanineglycine, pyruvatePLP52-MitochondriaAltough the name suggest this is class IV AT, phylogeny and pfam domains suggest it is class IIhttps://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q940M2 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT4G39660The AGT2 protein did not express.glyoxylate, L-alanine (Which study showed this activity previously?)
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AT2G38400
2.6.1.44Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 3 (AGT3) AGT3glyoxylate, L-alanineglycine, pyruvatePLP52-MitochondriaAltough the name suggest this is class IV AT, phylogeny and pfam domains suggest it is class IIhttps://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q94AL9 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT2G38400glyoxylate or 4-hydroxypyruvate, L-alanineglycine or serine, pyruvateglyoxylate, L-alanine (Which study showed this activity previously?)
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Class IIIBranched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferasesAT1G10060
2.6.1.42Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 1 (BCAT1)BCAT2-oxoglutarate, L-leucine4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamatePLP42Km (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate) = 0.842mM ; Vmax (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate)= 10.39 U/mg ; Vmax (leu)= 8.8 U/mg ; Optimal pH = 8.3? MitochondriaThe mitochondrial localization of BCAT1 (At1g10060) suggests that this protein might catalyze the initial transamination reaction. Indeed, activity of recombinant BCAT1 has been observed with all BCAAs and their corresponding 2-oxo acids demonstrating the potential of this enzyme to catalyze the initial transaminationhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15821880 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3244963/ https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q93Y32 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT1G10060
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2-oxoglutarate, L-isoleucine(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamateKm ((S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate) = 0.053mM ; Vmax ((S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate) = 6.54 U/mg ; Vmax (ile)= 3.05 U/mg ; Optimal pH = 8.3?
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2-oxoglutarate, L-valine3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate, L-glutamateKm (3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate) = 0.036mM ; Vmax( 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate) = 10.81 U/mg ; Vmax (val)= 72.7 U/mg ; Optimal pH = 8.3?
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AT1G10070
2.6.1.42Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2 (BCAT2)BCAT2-oxoglutarate, L-leucine4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamatePLP43Km (leu) = 0.71mMPlastidShows activity with L-Leu, L-Ile and L-Val as amino donors and 2-oxoglutarate as an amino acceptor, but no activity for D-isomers of Leu, Ile, Val, Asp, Glu or Ala.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18318836 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9M439 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT1G10070
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2-oxoglutarate, L-isoleucine(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamate-
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2-oxoglutarate, L-valine3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate, L-glutamate-
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AT3G49680
2.6.1.42Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 3 (BCAT3)BCAT2-oxoglutarate, L-leucine4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamatePLP45Km (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate) = 0.14mM ; Vmax (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate)= 27.42 µmol/min/mg ; PlastidConverts 2-oxo acids to branched-chain amino acids. Acts on leucine, isoleucine, valine and methionine. Also involved in methionine chain elongation cycle of aliphatic glucosinolate formation. Catalyzes the conversion of 5-methylthiopentyl-2-oxo and 6-methylthiohexyl-2-oxo acids to their respective Met derivatives, homomethionine and dihomo-methionine, respectively.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18162591 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9M401 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=At3g49680 https://biocyc.org/META/NEW-IMAGE?type=REACTION&object=RXNQT-4345
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2-oxoglutarate, L-isoleucine(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamateKm ((S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate) = 0.14mM ; Vmax ((S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate) = 13.33 µmol/min/mg
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2-oxoglutarate, L-valine3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate, L-glutamateKm (3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate) = 1.38mM ; Vmax( 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate) = 14.79 µmol/min/mg L-methionine, phenylpyruvate4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate, L-phenylalanine
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a 2-oxocarboxylate, L-methionine4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate, an L-α-amino acidKm (4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate) = 1.92mM ; Vmax( 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate) = 21.01 µmol/min/mg
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a 2-oxo carboxylate, L-homomethionine5-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxopentanoate, an L-α-amino acid-
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a 2-oxo carboxylate, L-dihomomethionine6-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxohexanoate, an L-α-amino acid-
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AT3G19710
2.6.1.42Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 1 or Methionine aminotransferase (BCAT4)BCATa 2-oxocarboxylate, L-methionine4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate, an L-α-amino acidPLP39Km (4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate) = 0.045 mM ; Vmax( 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate) = 2.7 µmol/min/mg ; Km (met) = 0.93 mM ; Vmax( met) = 0.089 µmol/min/mg cytosolAlthough all the other members of the family possess a branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase activity, the exact function of BCAT4 remains unclear at present.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17056707 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18318836 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9LE06 https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlets/TairObject?type=locus&name=AT3G19710 https://biocyc.org/compound?orgid=META&id=PHE
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2-oxoglutarate, L-leucine4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamate Km (lue) = 1.61 - 4.86mM ; Vmax(lue) = 0.11 µmol/min/mg
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a 2-oxo carboxylate, L-homomethionine5-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxopentanoate, an L-α-amino acid-
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2-oxoglutarate, L-isoleucine(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, L-glutamate-
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glyoxylate, L-methionine
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate, glycine
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