Glossary of Terms - PACE - FINAL.xlsx

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1	Roles	Term	Definition				@dropdown

2	Workplace	1099	A 1099 is an IRS form used to report earnings and proceeds other than wages, salaries, and tips. Individuals get this form from businesses and other institutions to document certain financial transactions that happened during a tax year. Example: The 1099-NEC is among of the most common, generally sent to freelancers who are not employees of a business. If more than $600 was paid to a non-employee during the year, that worker must be sent a 1099-NEC declaring the amount of compensation paid.
3		1099 / Gig Workers	A self-employed worker, freelancer, or independent contractor who gets pay in the terms of their contract and receives a 1099 form each year to report income on their tax return. (see also freelancer) Examples: Uber, DoorDash, Creative Designers, Copywriting, Blogger
4	Self-Knowledge & Self-Awareness	Ability	A special talent or skill. It determines how well your talents or skills have been developed for the means to do something. For example, "stamina" is the ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath. It’s an essential ability for professions like fitness trainers, firefighters, or servers.
5	Roles	Advising	The process in which an advisor provides their opinions, suggestions, or provides guidance to a student learner.
6	Roles	Advisor	A person who gives opinions, suggestions, or recommendations based on their professional expertise and/or personal experience with similar circumstances from their own past about a decision one faces.
7	Self-Knowledge & Self-Awareness	Agency	refers to the thoughts and actions taken by people that express their individual power; the power people have to think for themselves and act in ways that shape their experiences and life paths. Personal Agency the ability to initiate and direct actions toward the achievement of defined goals.
8	Workplace	Applicant	A job seeker who has “applied” for a job opening. They have either sent a resume or completed an application.
9	Work & Career-based Learning	Apprenticeship: Non-Registered	An apprenticeship that is similar to the Registered Apprenticeship program in its learning and goals, but is not formally registered with the U.S. Department of Labor. Hours of on-the-job-training and classroom time may vary.
10	Work & Career-based Learning	Apprenticeship: Registered	An apprenticeship that is similar to the Non-Registered Apprenticeship program in that it is a combination of on-the-job-training and related technical instruction. A student learner must be at least 16 years old, and age requirements vary by occupation. To be a Registered Apprenticeship, the program must be registered with The Ohio Apprenticeship Council and the apprentice must complete at least 2,000 hours of on-the-job training and 144 hours of related instruction per year. Apprenticeship leads to certification or licensing in the trades and is usually paid.
11	Workplace	Association	A membership-focused organization. Associations generally think of themselves as membership organizations, with the primary focus of providing services and benefits to members of a specific group (e.g., a professional association, trade group, industry-specific association). Example: National Home Builders Association, Forging Industry Association, NARI Greater Cleveland (Professional Remodlers of Ohio)
12	Workplace	Benefits	A form of compensation paid by employers to employees in addition to the regular salary or wages. The major types of benefits are: medical insurance, life insurance, disability insurance, and retirement plans. Employers may have additional benefits that they offer as well.
13	Career Awareness & Exploration	Camps	An opportunity where a student learner engages in an out-of-school experience, over a period of a day or longer, that exposes them to career pathways and engages them in a rich learning environment where they can explore their interests and passions through hands-on activities. Example: Tri-C Summer Camp Nuts and Bolts Academy
14	Workplace	Candidate	Active applicants who have been screened and meet qualifications for the requirements of the job opening.
15	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career or Career Journey	The sum of all job or occupation experiences that shapes a person. The journey includes all of one's jobs, experiences, and training. It is the progress and actions an individual has taken throughout the working years of their life (beginning in high school), especially as they relate to their occupation(s). It includes the different jobs held, titles earned, and work accomplished over a period of time. A career includes everything related to career development, including choice of an occupation and advancement through that occupation. A single career journey could include a variety of different paths through multiple occupations and career clusters.
16	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Action Plan	An individualized plan used to identify career goals and describe the steps necessary to pursue those goals.
17	Roles	Career Advising	The process of assisting student learners in understanding how their academic and personal interests, abilities, and values might relate to the career fields they are considering and how to form their academic and career goals accordingly.
18	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Awareness	Understanding what one enjoys doing (interests), what they can do particularly well (abilities), and what is important to them (values or beliefs). During the career awareness stage, learners gain knowledge about the world of work, occupations available in the community, occupations their parents, guardians, and other adults in their lives are doing, and what tasks are needed to do this work.
19	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Choice	An individual's power to select a career; it's based on the process of utilizing individual aspirations, skills, and preferences that could be the product of genetics, socioeconomic status, gender, personality, and/or learning history to select that path. Parental guidance, career guidance, career awareness & exploration, training, education, and work/career-based learning all influence career choice.
20	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Cluster	Broad groups of occupations and industries. A cluster contains occupations in the same field of work that require similar skills and training. Example: - Manufacturing Cluster includes -- Career Pathways of Maintenance, Installation & Repair, Manufacturing Production Process Development, Production, Quality Assurance AND --- Occupations in each of the Career Pathways that include roles like Industrial Machine Mechanics, Automotive Engineering, Technicians, Welders, Dental Laboratory Technicians.
21	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Decision-Making	The process to define and develop goals and specific steps (training, education, job searches) to support career choices based upon the knowledge and experience one has gained through career awareness and exploration.
22	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Development	The process of choosing a career, improving skills, and advancing along a career path. It's a lifelong process of learning and decision-making that brings one closer to their ideal job, skillset, and lifestyle.
23	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Exploration	Investigation of occupations, job families, and careers that are interesting to an individual; this search begins very broad and narrows over time. Through research, conversations, information interviews, and more, one explores talents and determines how others use similar skills and abilities in their careers. Exploration enables the learner to build an understanding of the skills required for various occupations and how to develop the knowledge, skills, and abilities to enter career fields that appeal to them. During the career exploration stage, learners sort through roles they see adults playing and determine which of those roles might suit them.
24	Work & Career-based Learning	Career Fair	An event where student learners have an opportunity to meet with a broad mix of professionals or employers who are sharing information about their occupation, career path, business, or job opportunities. It is also an opportunity for employers to meet potential candidates.
25	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Identity	Individual characteristics (such as attribute, beliefs, values, motives, and experiences) that represent how individuals define themselves in the context of a career.
26	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Library	An online resource repository of videos, documents, tools, guides, and websites that includes content about general career pathway information; introduction to employers/organizations; introduction to industry, mentor groups, training, and assessments; workplace/site tours; and technology demonstrations.
27	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Pathway	The process by which someone obtains the knowledge and skills they need to work in a specific occupation. This may include high school courses, internships, apprenticeships, specialized job training, and career and technical or post-secondary education. It also includes other resources, like jobs, which may or may not be connected to the occupation, and work-based training that is used to gain the knowledge and skills needed to advance one’s career. Each occupation has a different path or ladder, and most entry-level jobs can lead to more than one type of upper-level job. There may be multiple combinations of events and learning activities that achieve the same occupational goal, and a career pathway may take a different amount of time for everyone to complete. As time progresses, most workers need to increase their knowledge and skills to support their original career pathway, or to pursue a new one. See columns G-I for examples	Example 1: Maybe your dream is to work as a director of marketing for a professional sports team. Your career pathway might look like this: - In high school, work or volunteer as a stadium usher - In college, study marketing - In college, work part-time at a stadium ticket office - After college, serve as an assistant to a sports team staff person - Become a sports marketing salesperson, or promotions associate for that team - Get promoted to marketing manager for the team - Become director of marketing for the team	Example 2: Maybe your dream is to go to the military. This can provide great training opportunities for civilian life, for example a career in Logistics. Your career pathway might look like this: - Enlist in the US Army, complete bootcamp and start service - Gain logistical knowledge from the service like procedures to keep ammunition, water and food available, and how to execute training - Build valuable leadership, communication, and teamwork experience - Network with civilian logisticians or join networking groups like the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals to help translate knowledge and skills to civilian roles - Seek out occupations like Supply Chain Planner or Production Planner	Example 3: Maybe your dream is to manage or own a Bakery. Your career pathway might look like this: - In high school, seek out culinary courses - Gain experience by working at the local grocery bakery shop as an apprentice or trainee - Apply for an entry-level position at a bakery - Earn Retail Bakers of America certification - Work towards becoming Assistant Manager - Become Certified Master Baker - Get promoted to Manager or work as an entrepreneur to start your own bakery
28	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Planning	Career planning is an individual’s lifelong process of establishing personal career objectives and acting in a manner intended to bring them about.
29	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Preferences	The skills, interests, and values one seeks in a career.
30	Career Awareness & Exploration	Career Readiness	The process of preparing student learners with the skills they need to find, acquire, maintain, and grow within a job.
31	Career Awareness & Exploration	Classroom & Virtual Sessions	Opportunities for student learners to meet with employer or organizational professionals live or in a virtual classroom. These visits invite learners to explore and interact, inspire curiosity for learning by make the subject more real for them, and provide direct connections to careers or career pathways. Examples: Introductions to Occupations, Hands-on Technology Demonstrations, Virtual Occupation Learning Activities
32	Work & Career-based Learning	Client Focused Projects (Capstone Projects)	An opportunity for student learners to solve an authentic "problem." This problem solving may require designing a product, service, or system, or planning and staging an event, and results in the learners making or doing something. Learners will have access to similar tools and technology adults have to solve the problem. The project, provided by an employer or organization, will include an overview of the business and an introduction to career pathways or careers that would typically help solve these problems within that organization.
33	Roles	Coach	A person that helps illuminate new information about an individual by asking specific questions and pushing one to think of new ways to approach problems. A coach helps individuals see patterns that are contributing to missed goals.
34	Roles	Coaching	A short-term structured session(s) where an employer/organization volunteer supports a student learner in accomplishing a specific career or professional development learning objective.
35	Career Awareness & Exploration	Community Service	An experience that enables the learner to reflect on and address the needs of the local community; make meaningful community connections; obtain a clear understanding of the organizations and agencies that support community needs; apply their knowledge and skills in practical settings; gain new knowledge, skills, and understanding that can support their future goals; connect with careers and professions available to the public, nonprofit, and philanthropic sectors; and demonstrate foundational knowledge, social and emotional skills, leadership, and reasoning abilities that signal readiness to transition to a post-high school path.
36	Career Awareness & Exploration	Competitions	An activity that can take place in school or out-of-school where student learners work individually or in teams to complete a challenge in a set period of time. Through the competition the learner will have the ability to demonstrate their skills and be exposed to various occupations or job families that would support this type of work in the business world. Teachers or other employer/organization volunteers may serve as judges, evaluators, presenters, monitors, hosts, or coaches throughout the competition process. Example: RITE CoolTech Challenge
37	Roles	Consultant	A person who learns what a person or business is doing and develops a new plan or target outcome. Most consultants bring to the table otherwise missing expertise or perspective. Once a project is completed, the consultants moves on to a new project or business to support.
38	General	DEI/Diversity, Equity, Inclusion	Describes programs and policies that encourage representation and participation of diverse groups of people, including people of different genders, races and ethnicities, abilities, religions, cultures, ages, and sexual orientations, and people with diverse backgrounds, experiences, and skills and expertise.
39	Workplace	Direct Compensation	Payment received by an employee from an employer in the way of salary, wages, and benefits.
40	Workplace	Employee Resource Group	Voluntary, employee-led groups whose aim is to foster a diverse, inclusive workplace aligned with the organizations they serve. These groups are usually led by and comprise employees who share a characteristic, whether it's gender, ethnicity, religious affiliation, lifestyle, or interest. The groups exist to provide support and help in personal or career development and to create a safe space where employees can bring their whole selves to the table. Allies may also be invited to join the ERG to support their colleagues. Sometimes referred to as affinity group. Examples: African American Forum, Women's Network, GLBTA, Hispanic Forum, People with Disabilities, Emerging Leaders, Asian-American Pacific Forum, Veterans Network
41	Roles	Employer	An individual or an organization that hires and pays people for their work. Within an organization, the employer defines the terms of employment for employees and provides the agreed-upon terms such as the salary.
42	Work & Career-based Learning	Entrepreneurship Experience	An opportunity where the student learner works to create and operate their own business or service, including oversight of all operational and risk management decisions. In addition, they will perform tasks and demonstrate skills necessary for the operation of the business, as determined in the business plan with input from an educational instructor and the employer/organization mentor. Learner work can take place during or after school hours. Support of facilities or resources may be needed. Note: planning before the operation of the business would not qualify as work-based learning.
43	Roles	Exempt Employee	An individual who is exempt from the overtime provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) because he or she is classified as an executive, professional, administrative or outside sales employee, and meets the specific criteria for the exemption.
44	Workplace	Fair Labor Standards Act	The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) is a U.S. law that is intended to protect workers against certain unfair pay practices. As such, the FLSA sets out various labor regulations regarding interstate commerce employment, including minimum wages, requirements for overtime pay, and limitations on child labor.
45	General	Financial Literacy	Knowledge that enables an individual or family to make the best financial decisions in the present and to plan for a strong financial future.
46	Roles	Freelancer	A freelancer is an individual who earns money on a per-job or per-task basis, usually for short-term work and is not an employee of an organization. (see also 1099/gig worker) Examples: Uber, DoorDash, Creative Designers, Copywriting, Blogger
47	Roles	Full-Time Employee	Full-time employees work a standard work week for an indefinite period of time. Total hours are typically 35-40 hours per week, depending on the job and employer. Full-time employees are provided with benefits and privileges such as medical and dental insurance and paid time off.
48	General	Good Jobs	jobs that pay at least a metropolitan area’s median annual earnings for full-time, year-round sub-baccalaureate workers and provide employer-sponsored health insurance.
49	Workplace	Hard Skills	Hard skills, also known as technical skills, refer to the job-related knowledge and abilities that employees need to perform their job duties effectively. Hard skills are job-specific, relevant to each position and seniority level. Examples of hard skills are: coding, budgeting, welding or cooking.
50	Workplace	Hidden Skills	Hidden Skills or Soft Skills are the personal qualities or traits that help employees thrive in the workplace. Some soft skills are valued in all employees regardless of their position or expertise, while other soft skills make sense in certain jobs and are less important in others. Examples of soft skills: interpersonal skills, leadership, communication.
51	General	High Skilled Jobs	jobs that pay at least, or in many cases, more than a metropolitan area’s median earnings for full-time, year-round baccalaureate work, and provide employer-sponsored health insurance with opportunities for advancement.
52	Roles	Hourly Employee	An individual who receives an hourly wage for work performed. Generally, such individuals, because of the method of payment, are classified as nonexempt and are subject to the overtime provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act.
53	Workplace	I9	The I-9 form is used to verify the identity and employment authorization of individuals hired for employment in the United States. All U.S. employers must properly complete Form I-9 for each individual they hire for employment in the United States. This includes citizens and noncitizens. Both employees and employers (or authorized representatives of the employer) must complete the form.
54	Roles	Independent Contractor	An independent contractor, or freelancer, is used for non-employee workers to perform specialized work for a specific period of time. They have control over the work they do, when they do it. They also do not qualify for employee benefits or protection including unemployment compensation.
55	Workplace	Indirect Compensation	Payment to an employee that is not direct payment in the form of cash. This can include employer sponsored health insurance and employer contributions to an employee's 401(k) retirement plan or stock options.
56	Career Awareness & Exploration	Industry	A broad group of businesses or organizations with similar activities, products, or services. Occupations are considered part of an industry based on their employment. (as defined by O*Net) Example: Accommodation and Food Services is the Industry and Occupations in that industry are such like, Cooks, Dishwashers, Bakers, Cashiers, Hotel Desk Clerks.
57	Career Awareness & Exploration	Informational Interview	An information interview is a 30-60 minute interview conducted by a student learner who is seeking to learn about careers and career pathways from a professional. The interviews are 1:1 and enable a learner to inquire into professional's background, experience, decision-making, current role, etc.
58	Self-Knowledge & Self-Awareness	Interests	Something that concerns, involves or draws the attention of the curiosity of a person
59	Work & Career-based Learning	Internship	The temporary position of a student or trainee who works in an organization in order to gain on-the-job training or work experience. Internships can be paid or unpaid.
60	Career Awareness & Exploration	Job	The regular work that a person does to earn money. A job can be temporary work that is a steppingstone to a career, part of a defined career pathway, or simply work that provides income.
61	Career Awareness & Exploration	Job Family	Groups of occupations based upon work performed, skills, education, training, and credentials. (as defined by O*Net) Example: Job Family is Architecture and Engineering and includes Occupations like Civil Engineers, Aerospace Engineers, Industrial Engineers, Landscape Architects, Water/Wastewater Engineers and Drafters.
62	Work & Career-based Learning	Job Shadowing	An opportunity for a student learner or group of learners to spend 4 (1 day) to 18 hours (3 days) observing the professional in their workplace setting to gain a better understanding of the career pathway, skills and competencies to succeed in that role.
63	Career Awareness & Exploration	Job Zone	Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on levels of education, experience, and training necessary to perform the occupation. (as defined by O*Net)
64	Self-Knowledge & Self-Awareness	Knowledge	Knowledge is the facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education of a subject. It’s what has be learned through education or work experience. For example, in building and construction, you will require knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
65	Workplace	Living Wage	A living wage refers to an income level that allows individuals or families to afford adequate shelter, food, and other necessities. The goal of a living wage is to allow employees to earn enough income for a satisfactory standard of living and prevent them from falling into poverty.
66	General	Major	Specific subject that students can specialize in while aspiring to a college degree. May also be referred to as a concentration.
67	Roles	Mentor	A person who is a coach, consultant and/or advisor who is freely giving of their time to support an individual or group of individuals. They provide support by asking questions, providing recommendations based on their experience, and helping make decisions or reach outcomes.
68	Roles	Mentoring	A long-term (minimum of one-school year) informal relationship where a student learner is coached and advised by an employer/organization volunteer on various career and professional development topics.
69	Career Awareness & Exploration	NAICS	North American Industry Classification System. The standard used by the Federal statistical agencies in classifying business establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data related to the U.S. Business economy.
70	Work & Career-based Learning	Networking	The action or process of interacting with others to exchange information and develop professional or social contacts.
71	Roles	Non-Exempt Employee	An individual who is not exempt from the overtime provisions of the FLSA and is therefore entitled to overtime pay for all hours worked beyond 40 in a workweek (as well as any state overtime provisions). Nonexempt employees may be paid on a salary, hourly or other basis.
72	Workplace	Non-Financial Compensation	Payment to an employee that is not in monetary form such as flexible work hours, coaching and training opportunities, awards, and perks like catered lunches or a company car.
73	Workplace	Nonprofit Sector	The nonprofit sector is separate from both the public and private sectors, but it may collaborate with either of them at any given time. The main purpose of an NGO (non-governmental organization) is to help the public in some way, so profit is not a governing factor.
74	Career Awareness & Exploration	Occupation	A group of jobs that have the same required skills and knowledge, which may increase or advance over time—for example, “doctor” or “teacher.” Many people can share the same occupation without sharing the same job title. Example: Occupation = Teacher, Job Titles = Kindergarten Teacher, Elementary School Teacher, Special Education Teacher, Preschool Teacher, Psychology Teacher
75	Self-Knowledge & Self-Awareness	Occupational Identity	Vision of your future self in the workforce. What one likes to do, what they believe they are skilled at, and where they feel they belong.
76	Workplace	Onboarding	a human resources industry term referring to the process of introducing a newly hired employee into an organization. Examples: Job offers, Salary negotiation, New hire paperwork, Policy and culture training, Job training
77	General	Opportunity Industries	These are the sectors of the economy that, based on a first of-its-kind analysis of workers’ experiences over time, appear to offer the best chances for individuals particularly those without four-year college degrees—to obtain a “good job,” one that provides stable middle-class wages and benefits.
78	General	Other Jobs	jobs that do not meet the criteria of either good jobs or promising jobs. They do not provide adequate pay or employer-sponsored health insurance, nor do they offer incumbent workers reliable career pathways to a good job within 10 years.
79	Roles	Part-Time Employee	Part-time employees are employed on an ongoing basis and typically receive some benefits but work fewer hours than a normal full-time schedule. It may mean working irregular hours, regularly scheduled hours every workday, or full workdays but fewer than five per week. Generally less than 30 hours is part-time employment. Part-time employees usually do not qualify for the same benefits and privileges as full-time employees.
80	Work & Career-based Learning	Pre-Apprenticeship	A program where student learners have the opportunity to learn technical and job-readiness skills for a designated apprenticeship occupation or to prepare for a formal Registered Apprenticeship training program.
81	Workplace	Private Sector	The private sector represents the segment of the economy owned and operated by individuals and for-profit companies. Unlike the public sector, companies in the private sector are not government-owned or operated. Some advantages of working in the private sector include: more opportunities for job advancement, pay raises and higher salaries and greater diversity in job opportunities. Examples: Large corporations like Sherwin Williams, Rockwell Automation, Progressive Insurance; Small and mid-sized businesses like Quicken Loans, Oswald Companies, Independence Excavating; Self-owned businesses like a local flower shop or salon.
82	Workplace	Professional Skills	Skills or abilities that can help one succeed in their job or occupation. Examples: Problem Solving, Communication, Self-Management, Collaboration
83	General	Promising Jobs	jobs that are entry-level positions that provide career pathways to good jobs. Promising jobs do not meet the criteria for a good job but, based on research will enable an incumbent worker to reach a good job within 10 years.
84	Workplace	Public Sector	The public sector represents the segment of the economy owned and operated by the government. These organizations typically do not seek profit and often provide public services to the government's citizens. Some advantages of working in the public sector include: more job stability, comprehensive benefits packages, opportunities to serve the community. Examples: Government agencies, libraries, city housing authorities
85	Workplace	Recruiter	a person who finds qualified candidates for a job opening and works to meet the demands of both the employer and the employee throughout the hiring process.
86	Workplace	Resume	A document that lists an individual's work experience, education, skills and achievements. A resume is needed for almost any job application.
87	Roles	Salaried Employee	An individual who receives the same salary from week to week regardless of how many hours he or she works. Exempt employees must be paid on a salary basis, as discussed above. Nonexempt employees may be paid on a salary basis for a fixed number of hours or under the fluctuating workweek method. Salaried nonexempt employees must still receive overtime in accordance with federal and state laws.
88	Workplace	Salary	A fixed regular payment, typically paid monthly or biweekly, by an employer to an employee.
89	Work & Career-based Learning	School Based Enterprise	An opportunity where student learners will work cooperatively to operate a business or service, with facilities, resources and equipment most often provided by the school. Learners perform tasks and demonstrate skills necessary for the operation of the business, as determined in the business plan with input and guidance from the instructor or educational supervisor, as well as the employer/organization mentor. This experience can be structured as a partnership or cooperative with an outside entity; when in this case, a partnership agreement should define roles, responsibilities, and profit distribution between participants. This type of learning will often be completed during school hours.
90	Career Awareness & Exploration	Sector	Job sectors are areas of the economy divided into groups of Industries that share similar characteristics of business activities. A group of the industry that shares a similar classification of business activity is defined as a sector.
91	Roles	Self-employed	A self-employed person does not work for a specific employer who pays them a consistent salary or wage. Self-employed individuals, or independent contractors, earn income by contracting with a trade or business directly.
92	Self-Knowledge & Self-Awareness	Self-knowledge & Self-awareness	Understanding of oneself or one's own interests, passions, skills, strengths, feelings, or motivations that guide one's behaviors and beliefs.
93	Workplace	Service Orientation	Actively looking for ways to help people
94	Workplace	Service Perceptiveness	Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do
95	Self-Knowledge & Self-Awareness	Skill	Something that you can do well; learned ability
96	Workplace	Soft Skills	Soft Skills or Hidden Skills are the personal qualities or traits that help employees really thrive in the workplace. Some soft skills are valued in all employees regardless of their position or expertise, while other soft skills make sense in certain jobs and are less important in others. Examples of soft skills: interpersonal skills, leadership, communication.
97	General	Standard	Learning standards explain the knowledge and skills Ohio students in pre-kindergarten through grade 12 need to have. Ohio’s Learning Standards emphasize skills like critical thinking and problem solving — qualities most sought by today’s employers. Ohio measures the performance of its schools based on how well students are progressing in gaining the knowledge and skills within the learning standards. We do this partly by measuring student performance on annual state tests based on the standards.
98	Work & Career-based Learning	Summer Job	Summer jobs are paid opportunities, during the school's summer break, ~June - August, that allow learners to experience the workplace environment and demonstrate key professional skills such as reliability, work ethic, punctuality, teamwork and discipline.
99	Self-Knowledge & Self-Awareness	Talent	A unique expression of a skill. Something you do well in a way that is not common to others.
100	Workplace	Technical Skills	Technical skills, also known as hard skills, refer to the job-related knowledge and abilities that employees need to perform their job duties effectively. Hard skills are job-specific, relevant to each position and seniority level. Examples of hard skills are: coding, budgeting, welding or culinary skills.