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1 | NATIVE PLANTS THAT COLONIZE - NW ARKANSAS Excellent for erosion control, a hedge/screen, or habitat for wildlife. NOT suitable for "landscaped beds." List created by Lissa Morrison ozark.wildones.org |  | |||||||
2 | Type | Botanical name | Common name | Image | Photo Credit | Avg. Height | Sun | Moisture | Notes |
3 | SHRUBS & TREES | Alnus serrulata | Brookside Alder |  | 27 | 8 - 15' | Sun to part shade | Med to wet | Flowers are purple catkins, with woody cones in fall and winter. |
4 | SHRUBS & TREES | Aronia arbutifolia A. melanocarpa | Red Chokeberry Black Chokeberry |  | 9 | 6 - 10' | Sun to part shade | Wet or dry | White flowers in spring for bees and butterflies. Berries for birds. Great fall color. Mow around base to control suckering. |
5 | SHRUBS & TREES | Cornus obliqua C. amomum* | Swamp Dogwood Silky Dogwood |  | 22 | 6 - 12' | Sun to shade Sun to pt sh | Prefers wet Med to wet | Tiny white flowers in clusters. Best in naturalized areas because of suckering. All the shrub dogwoods have flowers in spring for pollinators, berries in fall for birds. *C. amomum is native east of AR. |
6 | SHRUBS & TREES | Cornus drummondii | Roughleaf Dogwood |  | 22 | 6 - 15' | Sun to pt sh | Med to wet | A large suckering shrub that is best naturalized. Will form thickets. Valuable to pollinators & birds |
7 | SHRUBS & TREES | Cornus racemosa | Gray Dogwood |  | 6 - 15' | Sun to pt sh | Med to wet | A large suckering shrub that is best naturalized.A large colonizing shrub. White flowers in spring | |
8 | SHRUBS & TREES | Corylus americana | American Hazelnut |  | 20 | 8 - 15' | Sun to part shade | Dry to medium | Need 3 to 5 for wind pollination. Edible nuts. Interesting catkins. Suckers moderately. |
9 | SHRUBS & TREES | Diervilla lonicera* | Bush Honeysuckle |  | 20 | 3 - 4' | Sun to shade | Dry to medium | Not the same as the invasive bush honeysuckle. *Native to NE US. Good fall color. |
10 | SHRUBS & TREES | Hydrangea arborescens | Smooth Hydrangea |  | 18 | 4 - 5' | Sun to part shade | Average moisture | Excellent pollinator shrub. Cultivars are sterile & have no pollinator value Prune hard in Feb. *Spreads agressively. Avoid flower beds. |
11 | SHRUBS & TREES | Hypericum prolificum | Shrubby St. John's Wort |  | 2 - 4' | Sun to part shade | Dry to moist | Used prolifically by bees, pollinators and 15 butterflies. Prune in late February for nicer shape. | |
12 | SHRUBS & TREES | Itea virginica | Sweetspire |  | 18 | 3 - 4' | Sun to part shade | Average to moist | Fragrant white flowers in spring. Pollinator magnet with good fall color. 'Little Henry' and 'Henry's Garnet' are 2 cultivars often found in nurseries. |
13 | SHRUBS & TREES | Malus ioensis | Prairie Crabapple |  | 28 | 35' | Sun | Medium | Large white or pink flowers in the spring. Wildlife eat the crabapples. |
14 | SHRUBS & TREES | Prunus americana | Wild Plum |  | 28 | 15 - 25' | Sun to part shade | Dry to medium | Large, showy white flowers. Red plums are edible and loved by birds. |
15 | SHRUBS & TREES | Prunus angustifolia | Chickasaw Plum |  | 17 | 4 - 10' | Sun to part shade | Medium | Fragrant white flowers in spring. Edible fruit. |
16 | SHRUBS & TREES | Rhus aromatica | Fragrant Sumac |  | 17 | 4 - 6' | Sun to part shade | Dry to medium | A sprawling med.sized shrub with fragrant leaves. Red berries feed the birds. Beautiful fall color. |
17 | SHRUBS & TREES | Salix humilis | Prairie Willow |  | 29 | 8 - 15' | Sun to light shade | Dry to average soil | Valuable plant for 14 bees and 215 butterflies and moths. Multi-stemmed. Slow spreading. Drought tolerant. |
18 | SHRUBS & TREES | Sambucus canadensis | Black Elderberry |  | 5 - 12' | Sun with PM shade | Medium to wet | Large flat-topped clusters of white flowers followed by black edible fruit in late summer. Sprawling. Use in wilder area. | |
19 | SHRUBS & TREES | Sassafras albidum | Sassafras |  | 40' | Sun | Dry to moist | Host to approx. 29 butterflies and moths. Mow close to trunk to prevent suckering. Colonizes in the wild. | |
20 | SHRUBS & TREES | Spiraea tomentosa | Steeplebush |  | 20 | 2 - 4' | Sun to light shade | Med. to wet | Pink to purple flower spikes are attractive to butterflies. |
21 | SHRUBS & TREES | Staphylea trifolia | American Bladdernut |  | 10 - 15' | Part shade to shade | Dry to medium | Large attractive shrub that forms colonies. White flowers that give way to interesting seed pods. | |
22 | SHRUBS & TREES | Symphoricarpos orbiculatus | Coralberry or Buckbrush | 2 - 5' | Sun to shade | Medium moisture | Forms colonies.White flowers in summer followed by coral-pink berries that persist into winter. | ||
23 | SHRUBS & TREES | Viburnum acerifolium | Maple-leaved Viburnum |  | 24 | 4 - 6' | Shade | Med. to dry | Very shade tolerant. All viburnums need 2 plants for good fruit set. |
24 | SHRUBS & TREES | Viburnum dentatum | Arrowwood |  | 12 | 4 - 6' | Part shade to sun | Moist to dry | White spring flowers. High-fat berries late summer feed 29 species of birds. Host plant for 77 butterflies and moths. |
25 | SHRUBS & TREES | Viburnum nudum | Smooth Witherod |  | 18 | 6x5' | Sun to part shade | Medium to wet | White flowers in spring. Large shiny leaves. Berries in summer. Burgundy fall color. |
26 | GRASSES | Carex muskingumensis | Palm Sedge | 2 - 3' | Sun to shade | Medium to wet | Tall and leafy sedge. | ||
27 | GRASSES | Chasmanthium latifolium | Inland Sea Oats |  | 3 - 4' | Shade to sun | Med. to wet | Attractive dangling seed clusters resembling oats. Reseeds aggressively. Good for soil stabilization. | |
28 | GRASSES | Diarrhena americana | Beaked Grass | 2 - 3' | Part shade to shade | Med. to dry | Spreads by rhizomes in moist rich soil to form dense colonies. A tough spreading grass for shade | ||
29 | PERENNIALS | Eurybia macrophylla | Big Leaf Aster |  | 28 | 1 - 3' | Part to full shade | Medium | Asters are important for pollinators because they provide pollen in the fall. |
30 | PERENNIALS | Helianthus divaricatus | Woodland Sunflower |  | 2 - 6; | Part shade | Dry to medium | Very late summer flowers very valuable to bees and 67 butterflies and moths. Blooms mid-summer in part shade. Gently spreads. | |
31 | PERENNIALS | Monarda bradburiana | Bradbury's Beebalm |  | 1 | 1 - 2' | Sun to part shade | Dry to medium | Showy pinkish fragrant flower attracts hummers, bees & butterflies. Will self-seed, but it is managable. |
32 | PERENNIALS | Onociea sensibilis | Sensitive Fern |  | 3' | Shade to part shade | Medium to Wet | Spreads aggressively in moist soil. Sensitive to frost. | |
33 | PERENNIALS | Packera aurea | Golden Ragwort |  | 1 - 3' | Sun to part shade | Medium to wet | Yellow flowers on tall 2' stems. Provides early nectar. Spreads by stolons & seed. | |
34 | PERENNIALS | Pycnanthemum P. muticum P. tenuifolium | Clustered Mt. Mint Slender Mt. Mint |  | 1 - 3' 2 - 3' | Sun | Average to dry | Magnet for bees & butterflies. Spreads but not over-aggressively, unless in rich soil. Clustered can have a powdered, silvery look. | |
35 | PERENNIALS | Rudbeckia fulgida | Orange Coneflower |  | 2' | Full to part sun | Dry to medium | Long bloom period 2-3 months. Tough plant. Host to 15 butterflies & moths. | |
36 | PERENNIALS | Rudbeckia laciniata | Cutleaf Coneflower |  | 4 - 9' | Sun to part shade | Medium to moist | Yellow flowers mid-summer to fall. Aggressive. Best in naturalized spaces. Edible young leaves. | |
37 | PERENNIALS | Saururus cernuus | Lizard's Tail |  | 22 | 1 - 2' | Sun to shade | Wet | Water plant for moist edges. Fragrant leaves & flowers. Showy interesting white flowers. |
38 | PERENNIALS | Solidago flexicaulis | Zigzag Goldenrod |  | 2 | 1 - 3' | Sun to light shade | Moist to dry | Goldenrod is top perennial for supporting bees & pollinators & 85 buttlerflies & moths. |
39 | PERENNIALS | Teucrium canadense | American Germander |  | 3' | Sun to part shade | Medium moisture | Spreads aggressively. Grayish leaves with white to pink flowersearly summer. Loved by many pollinators. | |
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41 | Photo Credits | ||||||||
42 | 1 | Photo courtesy of USDA NRCS. | |||||||
43 | 2 | Photo by USFWS | 20 | Photo by Doug McGrady | |||||
44 | 9 | Photo by USGS | 22 | Photo by Melissa McMasters | |||||
45 | 12 | Photo by Maggie | 24 | Photo by Fritz Flohr Reynolds | |||||
46 | 17 | Photo by Sonnia Hill | 27 | Photo by Virginia State Parks | |||||
47 | 18 | Photo by Eleanor Dietrich | 28 | Photo by Dan Mullen | |||||
48 | 29 | Photo by Adam Balzer | |||||||
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