Apple Silicon Scaling Worksheet

	A	B	C	D	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	V	W	X	Y	Z	AA	AB	AC	AD	AE	AF	AG	AH	AI	AJ	AK	AL	AM	AN	AO	AP	AQ	AR	AS	AT	AU	AV
1		actual			source: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-07/apple-preps-next-mac-chips-with-aim-to-outclass-highest-end-pcs															source: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-18/apple-readies-macbook-pro-macbook-air-revamps-with-faster-chips
2	(Mouse-over marked cells for docs.)	M1 SoC			M1X SoC			big SoC			32-core CPU			64-core dGPU			128-core dGPU			Jade C-Chop SoC			Jade C-Die SoC			Jade 2C-Die SoC			Jade 4C-Die SoC			Jade C-Die universal tile			Jade C-Chop 1-tile package			Jade C-Die 1-tile package			Jade 2C-Die 2-tile package			Jade 4C-Die 4-tile package
3		qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)	qty.	area (mm²)	area (%)
4	icestorm efficiency core	4	5.4	4.5%	4	5.4	1.6%	4	5.4	0.6%	4	5.4	1.2%	0	0.0	0.0%	0	0.0	0.0%	2	2.7	1.2%	2	2.7	1.0%	4	5.4	1.0%	8	10.8	1.3%	2	2.7	1.0%	1			1			2			4
5	firestorm performance core	4	15.7	13.1%	16	62.8	18.7%	32	125.5	14.7%	32	125.5	28.9%	0	0.0	0.0%	0	0.0	0.0%	8	31.4	13.5%	8	31.4	11.2%	16	62.8	11.2%	32	125.5	14.6%	8	31.4	11.2%
6	gpu core	8	23.6	19.7%	32	94.4	28.1%	128	377.7	44.2%	0	0.0	0.0%	64	188.8	40.5%	128	377.7	55.8%	16	47.2	20.4%	32	94.4	33.8%	64	188.8	33.8%	128	377.7	43.9%	32	94.4	33.8%
7	neural engine core	16	5.3	4.4%	64	21.1	6.3%	128	42.3	4.9%	0	0.0	0.0%	64	21.1	4.5%	128	42.3	6.2%	32	10.6	4.6%	32	10.6	3.8%	64	21.1	3.8%	128	42.3	4.9%	32	10.6	3.8%
8	SLC cache slice	4	5.9	4.9%	16	23.6	7.0%	32	47.1	5.5%	32	47.1	10.8%	0	0.0	0.0%	0	0.0	0.0%	8	11.8	5.1%	8	11.8	4.2%	16	23.6	4.2%	32	47.1	5.5%	8	11.8	4.2%
9	everything else	1	64.1	53.4%	2	128.2	38.2%	4	256.4	30.0%	4	256.4	59.0%	4	256.4	55.0%	4	256.4	37.9%	2	128.2	55.3%	2	128.2	45.9%	4	256.4	45.9%	4	256.4	29.8%	2	128.2	45.9%
10	estimated unit sales (M)	32			9.5			0.5			0.5			0.5			0.5			2			7			0.5			0.5			11
11	design cost per unit		$18.00	19.1%		$58.00	20.7%		$1,100.00	65.4%		$1,100.00	81.3%		$1,100.00	79.5%		$1,100.00	71.8%		$275.00	68.2%		$79.00	29.5%		$1,100.00	75.9%		$1,100.00	64.5%		$50.00	28.2%		$50.00	25.4%		$50.00	20.9%		$50.00	13.3%		$50.00	7.8%
12	total die area (mm²)		120			336			854			435			466			676			232			279			558			860			279			279			279			558			1116
13	dies per wafer (approximate)		521			176			63			133			124			82			261			215			101			63			215
14	yield rate (Seeds model)		91.2%			78.8%			59.4%			74.2%			72.8%			64.9%			84.4%			81.7%			69.1%			59.2%			81.7%
15	die cost		$36.00			$123.00			$455.00			$173.00			$189.00			$320.00			$78.00			$97.00			$244.00			$456.00			$97.00			$97.00			$97.00			$194.00			$388.00
16	silicon interposer cost		$0.00			$19.00			$48.00			$0.00			$15.00			$33.00			$0.00			$12.00			$26.00			$50.00			$0.00			$0.00			$12.00			$32.00			$107.00
17	package, assembly, and testing		$30.00			$60.00			$60.00			$60.00			$60.00			$60.00			$30.00			$60.00			$60.00			$80.00			$10.00			$30.00			$60.00			$80.00			$80.00
18	IP royalties		$10.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00			$20.00
19	chip cost		$76.00			$222.00			$583.00			$253.00			$284.00			$433.00			$128.00			$189.00			$350.00			$606.00			$127.00			$147.00			$189.00			$326.00			$595.00
20	on package memory configuration	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best	good	better	best
21	LPDDR4X/5 (GB)		8	16																8	16	32	8	16	32										8	16	32	8	16	32
22	HBM2E (GB)				16	32	64		32	64		0			32				64				8	16	32		32	64		32	64							8	16	32		32	64		64	128
23	total on package DRAM		8 GB	16 GB	16 GB	32 GB	64 GB		32 GB	64 GB		0 GB			32 GB				64 GB	8 GB	16 GB	32 GB	16 GB	32 GB	64 GB		32 GB	64 GB		32 GB	64 GB				8 GB	16 GB	32 GB	16 GB	32 GB	64 GB		32 GB	64 GB		64 GB	128 GB
24	memory cost		$34.00	$68.00	$140.00	$280.00	$560.00		$280.00	$560.00		$0.00			$280.00				$560.00	$34.00	$68.00	$136.00	$104.00	$208.00	$416.00		$280.00	$560.00		$280.00	$560.00				$34.00	$68.00	$136.00	$104.00	$208.00	$416.00		$280.00	$560.00		$560.00	$1,120.00
25	package cost		$110.00	$144.00	$362.00	$502.00	$782.00		$863.00	$1,143.00		$253.00			$564.00				$993.00	$162.00	$196.00	$264.00	$293.00	$397.00	$605.00		$630.00	$910.00		$886.00	$1,166.00				$181.00	$215.00	$283.00	$293.00	$397.00	$605.00		$606.00	$886.00		$1,155.00	$1,715.00
26	estimated retail price		$300.00	$500.00	$1,100.00	$1,700.00	$2,800.00		$3,000.00	$4,000.00		$600.00			$1,800.00				$3,200.00	$400.00	$600.00	$900.00	$900.00	$1,300.00	$2,100.00		$2,000.00	$3,000.00		$3,000.00	$4,000.00				$500.00	$600.00	$900.00	$900.00	$1,300.00	$2,100.00		$2,000.00	$3,000.00		$4,000.00	$6,000.00
27
28		core area (mm²)	Core + L2$ (mm²)	avg area (mm²)	sources:
29	icestorm efficiency core	0.6	0.9	1.4	Measurements are based on Apple die photo and annotations by Anandtech, TechInsights, and System Plus Consulting. Avg area is total layout area for entire core/cache complex divided by number of cores/cache slices.
30	firestorm performance core	2.3	3.2	3.9	https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2020/11/apple-unleashes-m1/
31	gpu core	2.6		3.0	https://www.apple.com/newsroom/images/product/mac/standard/Apple_new-m1-chip_11102020.zip
32	neural engine core	0.2		0.3	https://www.anandtech.com/show/16226/apple-silicon-m1-a14-deep-dive
33	SLC cache slice	1.2		1.5	https://www.techinsights.com/blog/two-new-apple-socs-two-market-events-apple-a14-and-m1
34	everything else			64.1	https://www.systemplus.fr/reverse-costing-reports/apple-m1-system-on-chip/
35					https://www.systemplus.fr/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/SP20608-Apple-M1-System-on-Chip-Sample.pdf
36	wafer diameter (mm)	300
37	wafer edge exclusion (mm)	2
38	saw kerf (µm)	80
39	defects per cm²	0.08			https://www.anandtech.com/show/16028/better-yield-on-5nm-than-7nm-tsmc-update-on-defect-rates-for-n5
40	finished wafer cost	$17,000.00			https://cset.georgetown.edu/publication/ai-chips-what-they-are-and-why-they-matter/
41	LPDDR4X/5 cost per GB	$4.25
42	HBM2E cost per GB	$8.75
43	silicon interposer wafer cost	$650.00			https://sst.semiconductor-digest.com/2012/12/lifting-the-veil-on-silicon-interposer-pricing/
44	design cost ($M)	550			https://cset.georgetown.edu/publication/ai-chips-what-they-are-and-why-they-matter/
45
46		suitable products						Gray cells contain variables that can be freely modified.
47	Jade C-Chop	higher end 13-inch MacBook Pro / new 14-inch MacBook Pro						Lilac cells contain constants used by calculations.
48		mid range Mac mini
49		higher end 24-inch iMac
50	Jade C-Die	16-inch MacBook Pro
51		high end Mac mini
52		27-inch iMac / new larger iMac
53	Jade 2C-Die	iMac Pro / new larger high-end iMac
54		new compact Mac Pro
55	Jade 4C-Die	Mac Pro / new compact Mac Pro
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