hdr_2013_statistical_tables


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7		Table 1: Human Development Index and its components
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10			Human Development Index (HDI)	Life expectancy at birth	Mean years of schooling		Expected years of schooling		Gross national income (GNI) per capita		GNI per capita rank minus HDI rank	Nonincome HDI

11			Value	(years)	(years)		(years)		(2005 PPP $)			Value
12	HDI rank		2012	2012	2010	a	2011	b	2012		2012	2012
13	Very high human development
14	1	Norway	0.955	81.3	12.6		17.5		48,688		4	0.977
15	2	Australia	0.938	82.0	12.0	c	19.6	d	34,340		15	0.978
16	3	United States	0.937	78.7	13.3		16.8		43,480		6	0.958
17	4	Netherlands	0.921	80.8	11.6	c	16.9		37,282		8	0.945
18	5	Germany	0.920	80.6	12.2		16.4	e	35,431		10	0.948
19	6	New Zealand	0.919	80.8	12.5		19.7	d	24,358		26	0.978
20	7	Ireland	0.916	80.7	11.6		18.3	d	28,671		19	0.960
21	7	Sweden	0.916	81.6	11.7	c	16.0		36,143		6	0.940
22	9	Switzerland	0.913	82.5	11.0	c	15.7		40,527		2	0.926
23	10	Japan	0.912	83.6	11.6	c	15.3		32,545		11	0.942
24	11	Canada	0.911	81.1	12.3		15.1		35,369		5	0.934
25	12	Korea (Republic of)	0.909	80.7	11.6		17.2		28,231		15	0.949
26	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	0.906	83.0	10.0		15.5		45,598		-6	0.907
27	13	Iceland	0.906	81.9	10.4		18.3	d	29,176		12	0.943
28	15	Denmark	0.901	79.0	11.4	c	16.8		33,518		4	0.924
29	16	Israel	0.900	81.9	11.9		15.7		26,224		13	0.942
30	17	Belgium	0.897	80.0	10.9	c	16.4		33,429		3	0.917
31	18	Austria	0.895	81.0	10.8		15.3		36,438		-5	0.908
32	18	Singapore	0.895	81.2	10.1	c	14.4	f	52,613		-15	0.880
33	20	France	0.893	81.7	10.6	c	16.1		30,277		4	0.919
34	21	Finland	0.892	80.1	10.3		16.9		32,510		2	0.912
35	21	Slovenia	0.892	79.5	11.7		16.9		23,999		12	0.936
36	23	Spain	0.885	81.6	10.4	c	16.4		25,947		8	0.919
37	24	Liechtenstein	0.883	79.8	10.3	g	11.9		84,880	h	-22	0.832
38	25	Italy	0.881	82.0	10.1	c	16.2		26,158		5	0.911
39	26	Luxembourg	0.875	80.1	10.1		13.5		48,285		-20	0.858
40	26	United Kingdom	0.875	80.3	9.4		16.4		32,538		-5	0.886
41	28	Czech Republic	0.873	77.8	12.3		15.3		22,067		10	0.913
42	29	Greece	0.860	80.0	10.1	c	16.3		20,511		13	0.899
43	30	Brunei Darussalam	0.855	78.1	8.6		15.0		45,690		-23	0.832
44	31	Cyprus	0.848	79.8	9.8		14.9		23,825		4	0.869
45	32	Malta	0.847	79.8	9.9		15.1		21,184		9	0.876
46	33	Andorra	0.846	81.1	10.4	i	11.7		33,918	j	-15	0.839
47	33	Estonia	0.846	75.0	12.0		15.8		17,402		13	0.892
48	35	Slovakia	0.840	75.6	11.6		14.7		19,696		9	0.872
49	36	Qatar	0.834	78.5	7.3		12.2		87,478	k	-35	0.761
50	37	Hungary	0.831	74.6	11.7		15.3		16,088		13	0.874
51	38	Barbados	0.825	77.0	9.3		16.3		17,308		10	0.859
52	39	Poland	0.821	76.3	10.0		15.2		17,776		7	0.851
53	40	Chile	0.819	79.3	9.7		14.7		14,987		13	0.863
54	41	Lithuania	0.818	72.5	10.9		15.7		16,858		7	0.850
55	41	United Arab Emirates	0.818	76.7	8.9		12.0		42,716		-31	0.783
56	43	Portugal	0.816	79.7	7.7		16.0		19,907		0	0.835
57	44	Latvia	0.814	73.6	11.5	c	14.8		14,724		10	0.856
58	45	Argentina	0.811	76.1	9.3		16.1		15,347		7	0.848
59	46	Seychelles	0.806	73.8	9.4	l	14.3		22,615		-9	0.808
60	47	Croatia	0.805	76.8	9.8	c	14.1		15,419		4	0.837
61	High human development
62	48	Bahrain	0.796	75.2	9.4		13.4	e	19,154		-3	0.806
63	49	Bahamas	0.794	75.9	8.5		12.6		27,401		-21	0.777
64	50	Belarus	0.793	70.6	11.5	l	14.7		13,385		11	0.830
65	51	Uruguay	0.792	77.2	8.5	c	15.5		13,333		11	0.829
66	52	Montenegro	0.791	74.8	10.5	l	15.0		10,471		24	0.850
67	52	Palau	0.791	72.1	12.2		13.7	e	11,463	m	18	0.840
68	54	Kuwait	0.790	74.7	6.1		14.2		52,793		-51	0.730
69	55	Russian Federation	0.788	69.1	11.7		14.3		14,461		0	0.816
70	56	Romania	0.786	74.2	10.4		14.5		11,011		16	0.836
71	57	Bulgaria	0.782	73.6	10.6	c	14.0		11,474		12	0.826
72	57	Saudi Arabia	0.782	74.1	7.8		14.3		22,616		-21	0.774
73	59	Cuba	0.780	79.3	10.2		16.2		5,539	n	44	0.894
74	59	Panama	0.780	76.3	9.4		13.2		13,519		1	0.810
75	61	Mexico	0.775	77.1	8.5		13.7		12,947		4	0.805
76	62	Costa Rica	0.773	79.4	8.4		13.7		10,863		12	0.816
77	63	Grenada	0.770	76.1	8.6	e	15.8		9,257		21	0.827
78	64	Libya	0.769	75.0	7.3		16.2		13,765		-8	0.791
79	64	Malaysia	0.769	74.5	9.5		12.6		13,676		-7	0.791
80	64	Serbia	0.769	74.7	10.2	c	13.6		9,533		16	0.823
81	67	Antigua and Barbuda	0.760	72.8	8.9		13.3		13,883		-12	0.776
82	67	Trinidad and Tobago	0.760	70.3	9.2		11.9		21,941		-28	0.743
83	69	Kazakhstan	0.754	67.4	10.4		15.3		10,451		8	0.791
84	70	Albania	0.749	77.1	10.4		11.4		7,822		21	0.807
85	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	0.748	74.6	7.6	c	14.4		11,475		-2	0.774
86	72	Dominica	0.745	77.6	7.7	l	12.7		10,977		-1	0.771
87	72	Georgia	0.745	73.9	12.1	o	13.2		5,005		37	0.845
88	72	Lebanon	0.745	72.8	7.9	l	13.9		12,364		-5	0.762
89	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	0.745	73.3	8.4	e	12.9		12,460		-5	0.763
90	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	0.742	73.2	7.8		14.4		10,695		-1	0.769
91	77	Peru	0.741	74.2	8.7		13.2		9,306		6	0.780
92	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	0.740	75.0	8.2	o	13.4		9,377		2	0.777
93	78	Ukraine	0.740	68.8	11.3		14.8		6,428		22	0.813
94	80	Mauritius	0.737	73.5	7.2		13.6		13,300		-17	0.745
95	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.735	75.8	8.3	l	13.4		7,713		13	0.787
96	82	Azerbaijan	0.734	70.9	11.2	l	11.7		8,153		5	0.780
97	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0.733	72.5	8.6	e	13.3		9,367		-1	0.767
98	84	Oman	0.731	73.2	5.5	l	13.5		24,092		-51	0.694
99	85	Brazil	0.730	73.8	7.2		14.2		10,152		-8	0.755
100	85	Jamaica	0.730	73.3	9.6		13.1		6,701		14	0.792
101	87	Armenia	0.729	74.4	10.8		12.2		5,540		16	0.808
102	88	Saint Lucia	0.725	74.8	8.3	e	12.7		7,971		1	0.768
103	89	Ecuador	0.724	75.8	7.6		13.7		7,471		7	0.772
104	90	Turkey	0.722	74.2	6.5		12.9		13,710		-32	0.720
105	91	Colombia	0.719	73.9	7.3		13.6		8,711		-6	0.751
106	92	Sri Lanka	0.715	75.1	9.3	c	12.7		5,170		18	0.792
107	93	Algeria	0.713	73.4	7.6		13.6		7,418		4	0.755
108	94	Tunisia	0.712	74.7	6.5		14.5		8,103		-6	0.746
109	Medium human development
110	95	Tonga	0.710	72.5	10.3	c	13.7		4,153		26	0.807
111	96	Belize	0.702	76.3	8.0	c	12.5		5,327		8	0.767
112	96	Dominican Republic	0.702	73.6	7.2	c	12.3		8,506		-11	0.726
113	96	Fiji	0.702	69.4	10.7	c	13.9		4,087		24	0.794
114	96	Samoa	0.702	72.7	10.3	l	13.0		3,928		28	0.800
115	100	Jordan	0.700	73.5	8.6		12.7		5,272		8	0.766
116	101	China	0.699	73.7	7.5		11.7		7,945		-11	0.728
117	102	Turkmenistan	0.698	65.2	9.9	p	12.6	e	7,782		-10	0.727
118	103	Thailand	0.690	74.3	6.6		12.3		7,722		-10	0.715
119	104	Maldives	0.688	77.1	5.8	c	12.5		7,478		-9	0.715
120	105	Suriname	0.684	70.8	7.2	o	12.4		7,327		-7	0.710
121	106	Gabon	0.683	63.1	7.5		13.0		12,521		-40	0.668
122	107	El Salvador	0.680	72.4	7.5		12.0		5,915		-5	0.723
123	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	0.675	66.9	9.2		13.5		4,444		7	0.740
124	108	Mongolia	0.675	68.8	8.3		14.3		4,245		10	0.746
125	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	0.670	73.0	8.0	l	13.5		3,359	q	20	0.761
126	111	Paraguay	0.669	72.7	7.7		12.1		4,497		4	0.730
127	112	Egypt	0.662	73.5	6.4		12.1		5,401		-6	0.702
128	113	Moldova (Republic of)	0.660	69.6	9.7		11.8		3,319		19	0.747
129	114	Philippines	0.654	69.0	8.9	c	11.7		3,752		11	0.724
130	114	Uzbekistan	0.654	68.6	10.0	o	11.6		3,201		19	0.740
131	116	Syrian Arab Republic	0.648	76.0	5.7	c	11.7	e	4,674	r	-2	0.692
132	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	0.645	69.2	8.8	p	11.4	e	3,352	m	14	0.719
133	118	Guyana	0.636	70.2	8.5		10.3		3,387		11	0.703
134	119	Botswana	0.634	53.0	8.9		11.8		13,102		-55	0.596
135	120	Honduras	0.632	73.4	6.5		11.4		3,426		8	0.695
136	121	Indonesia	0.629	69.8	5.8		12.9		4,154		-3	0.672
137	121	Kiribati	0.629	68.4	7.8	e	12.0		3,079		13	0.701
138	121	South Africa	0.629	53.4	8.5	c	13.1	e	9,594		-42	0.608
139	124	Vanuatu	0.626	71.3	6.7	e	10.6		3,960		-1	0.672
140	125	Kyrgyzstan	0.622	68.0	9.3		12.6		2,009		24	0.738
141	125	Tajikistan	0.622	67.8	9.8		11.5		2,119		19	0.731
142	127	Viet Nam	0.617	75.4	5.5		11.9		2,970		9	0.686
143	128	Namibia	0.608	62.6	6.2		11.3		5,973		-27	0.611
144	129	Nicaragua	0.599	74.3	5.8		10.8		2,551		10	0.671
145	130	Morocco	0.591	72.4	4.4		10.4		4,384		-13	0.608
146	131	Iraq	0.590	69.6	5.6		10.0		3,557		-4	0.623
147	132	Cape Verde	0.586	74.3	3.5	e	12.7		3,609		-6	0.617
148	133	Guatemala	0.581	71.4	4.1		10.7		4,235		-14	0.596
149	134	Timor-Leste	0.576	62.9	4.4	s	11.7		5,446		-29	0.569
150	135	Ghana	0.558	64.6	7.0		11.4		1,684		22	0.646
151	136	Equatorial Guinea	0.554	51.4	5.4	o	7.9		21,715		-97	0.463
152	136	India	0.554	65.8	4.4		10.7		3,285		-3	0.575
153	138	Cambodia	0.543	63.6	5.8		10.5		2,095		9	0.597
154	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	0.543	67.8	4.6		10.1		2,435		2	0.584
155	140	Bhutan	0.538	67.6	2.3	s	12.4		5,246		-31	0.516
156	141	Swaziland	0.536	48.9	7.1		10.7		5,104		-30	0.515
157	Low human development
158	142	Congo	0.534	57.8	5.9		10.1		2,934		-5	0.553
159	143	Solomon Islands	0.530	68.2	4.5	p	9.3		2,172		1	0.572
160	144	Sao Tome and Principe	0.525	64.9	4.7	s	10.8		1,864		7	0.579
161	145	Kenya	0.519	57.7	7.0		11.1		1,541		15	0.588
162	146	Bangladesh	0.515	69.2	4.8		8.1		1,785		9	0.567
163	146	Pakistan	0.515	65.7	4.9		7.3		2,566		-9	0.534
164	148	Angola	0.508	51.5	4.7	s	10.2		4,812		-35	0.479
165	149	Myanmar	0.498	65.7	3.9		9.4		1,817		5	0.537
166	150	Cameroon	0.495	52.1	5.9		10.9		2,114		-4	0.520
167	151	Madagascar	0.483	66.9	5.2	p	10.4		828		28	0.601
168	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	0.476	58.9	5.1		9.1		1,383		10	0.527
169	153	Nigeria	0.471	52.3	5.2	s	9.0		2,102		-6	0.482
170	154	Senegal	0.470	59.6	4.5		8.2		1,653		4	0.501
171	155	Mauritania	0.467	58.9	3.7		8.1		2,174		-12	0.473
172	156	Papua New Guinea	0.466	63.1	3.9		5.8	e	2,386		-15	0.464
173	157	Nepal	0.463	69.1	3.2		8.9		1,137		11	0.526
174	158	Lesotho	0.461	48.7	5.9	c	9.6		1,879		-8	0.476
175	159	Togo	0.459	57.5	5.3		10.6		928		16	0.542
176	160	Yemen	0.458	65.9	2.5		8.7		1,820		-7	0.474
177	161	Haiti	0.456	62.4	4.9		7.6	e	1,070		7	0.521
178	161	Uganda	0.456	54.5	4.7		11.1		1,168		5	0.511
179	163	Zambia	0.448	49.4	6.7		8.5		1,358		0	0.483
180	164	Djibouti	0.445	58.3	3.8	o	5.7		2,350		-22	0.435
181	165	Gambia	0.439	58.8	2.8		8.7		1,731		-9	0.448
182	166	Benin	0.436	56.5	3.2		9.4		1,439		-5	0.459
183	167	Rwanda	0.434	55.7	3.3		10.9		1,147		0	0.476
184	168	Côte d'Ivoire	0.432	56.0	4.2		6.5		1,593		-9	0.444
185	169	Comoros	0.429	61.5	2.8	p	10.2		986		4	0.484
186	170	Malawi	0.418	54.8	4.2		10.4		774		10	0.492
187	171	Sudan	0.414	61.8	3.1		4.5		1,848		-19	0.405
188	172	Zimbabwe	0.397	52.7	7.2		10.1		424	t	14	0.542
189	173	Ethiopia	0.396	59.7	2.2	s	8.7		1,017		-2	0.425
190	174	Liberia	0.388	57.3	3.9		10.5	e	480		11	0.502
191	175	Afghanistan	0.374	49.1	3.1		8.1		1,000		-3	0.393
192	176	Guinea-Bissau	0.364	48.6	2.3	o	9.5		1,042		-6	0.373
193	177	Sierra Leone	0.359	48.1	3.3		7.3	e	881		0	0.380
194	178	Burundi	0.355	50.9	2.7		11.3		544		4	0.423
195	178	Guinea	0.355	54.5	1.6	s	8.8		941		-4	0.368
196	180	Central African Republic	0.352	49.1	3.5		6.8		722		1	0.386
197	181	Eritrea	0.351	62.0	3.4	e	4.6		531		3	0.418
198	182	Mali	0.344	51.9	2.0	c	7.5		853		-4	0.359
199	183	Burkina Faso	0.343	55.9	1.3	o	6.9		1,202		-18	0.332
200	184	Chad	0.340	49.9	1.5	p	7.4		1,258		-20	0.324
201	185	Mozambique	0.327	50.7	1.2		9.2		906		-9	0.327
202	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	0.304	48.7	3.5		8.5		319		0	0.404
203	186	Niger	0.304	55.1	1.4		4.9		701		-4	0.313
204	Other countries or territories
205		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	..	69.0	..		..		..		..	..
206		Marshall Islands	..	72.3	..		11.7		..		..	..
207		Monaco	..	82.3	..		..		..		..	..
208		Nauru	..	80.0	..		9.3		..		..	..
209		San Marino	..	81.9	..		12.5		..		..	..
210		Somalia	..	51.5	..		2.4		..		..	..
211		South Sudan	..	..	..		..		..		..	..
212		Tuvalu	..	67.5	..		10.8		..		..	..
213	Human Development Index groups
214		Very high human development	0.905	80.1	11.5		16.3		33,391		—	0.927
215		High human development	0.758	73.4	8.8		13.9		11,501		—	0.781
216		Medium human development	0.640	69.9	6.3		11.4		5,428		—	0.661
217		Low human development	0.466	59.1	4.2		8.5		1,633		—	0.487
218	Regions
219		Arab States	0.652	71.0	6.0		10.6		8,317		—	0.658
220		East Asia and the Pacific	0.683	72.7	7.2		11.8		6,874		—	0.712
221		Europe and Central Asia	0.771	71.5	10.4		13.7		12,243		—	0.801
222		Latin America and the Caribbean	0.741	74.7	7.8		13.7		10,300		—	0.770
223		South Asia	0.558	66.2	4.7		10.2		3,343		—	0.577
224		Sub-Saharan Africa	0.475	54.9	4.7		9.3		2,010		—	0.479
225
226		Least developed countries	0.449	59.5	3.7		8.5		1,385		—	0.475
227		Small island developing states	0.648	69.8	7.3		10.7		5,397		—	0.673
228		World	0.694	70.1	7.5		11.6		10,184		—	0.690
229
230		NOTES
231		a. Data refer to 2010 or the most recent year available.
232		b. Data refer to 2011 or the most recent year available.
233		c. Updated by HDRO based on UNESCO (2012) data.
234		d. For the HDI calculation this value is capped at 18 years.
235		e. Based on cross-country regression.
236		f. Calculated by the Singapore Ministry of Education.
237		g. Assumes the same adult mean years of schooling as Switzerland before the most recent update.
238		h. Estimated using the purchising power parity (PPP) rate and the projected growth rate of Switzerland.
239		i. Assumes the same adult mean years of schooling as Spain before the most recent update.
240		j. Estimated using the purchasing power parity (PPP) rate and the projected growth rate of Spain.
241		k. Based on implied PPP conversion factors from IMF (2012).
242		l. Based on the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012) estimate of educational attainment distribution.
243		m. Based on projected growth rates by the Asian Development Bank (2012).
244		n. PPP estimate based on cross-country regression; projected growth rate based on ECLAC (2012) and UNDESA (2012c) projected growth rates.
245		o. Based on data from UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys for 2002–2012.
246		p. Based on data on years of schooling of adults from household surveys in the World Bank's International Income Distribution Database.
247		q. Based on an unpublished estimate of the PPP conversion rate from the World Bank and projected growth rates from UNESCWA (2012) and UNDESA (2012c).
248		r. Based on projected growth rates from UNDESA(2012c).
249		s. Based on data from ICF Macro (2012).
250		t. Based on PPP data from IMF (2012).
251
252		DEFINITIONS
253		Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development—a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. See Technical note 1 for details on how the HDI is calculated.
254		Life expectancy at birth: Number of years a newborn infant could expect to live if prevailing patterns of age-specific mortality rates at the time of birth stay the same throughout the infant’s life.
255		Mean years of schooling: Average number of years of education received by people ages 25 and older, converted from education attainment levels using official durations of each level.
256		Expected years of schooling: Number of years of schooling that a child of school entrance age can expect to receive if prevailing patterns of age-specific enrolment rates persist throughout the child’s life.
257		Gross national income (GNI) per capita: Aggregate income of an economy generated by its production and its ownership of factors of production, less the incomes paid for the use of factors of production owned by the rest of the world, converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity (PPP) rates, divided by midyear population.
258		GNI per capita rank minus HDI rank: Difference in rankings by GNI per capita and by the HDI. A negative value means that the country is better ranked by GNI than by the HDI.
259		Nonincome HDI: Value of the HDI computed from the life expectancy and education indicators only.
260
261
262
263
264		MAIN DATA SOURCES
265		Column 1: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2011), Barro and Lee (2011), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012), World Bank (2012a) and IMF (2012).
266		Column 2: UNDESA (2011).
267		Column 3: Barro and Lee (2011) and HDRO updates based on UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012) data on education attainment and on Barro and Lee (2010) methodology.
268		Column 4: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012).
269		Column 5: HDRO calculations based on data from World Bank (2012a), IMF (2012) and UNSD (2012a).
270		Column 6: Calculated based on data in columns 1 and 5.
271		Column 7: Calculated based on data in columns 2, 3 and 4.

1

Table 13: Environment

2

PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY

EMISSIONS

NATURAL RESOURCES

IMPACTS

3

Carbon dioxide

Greenhouse gas

4

Fossil fuels

Renewables

Total

Per capita

Average annual per capita growth

Per capita

Natural resource depletion

Forest area

Change in forest area

Fresh water withdrawals

Endangered species

Agricultural land

Number of deaths due to natural disasters

Population living on degraded land

5

(% of total)

(megatonnes)

(tonnes)

(%)

(tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent)

(% of GNI)

(% of land area)

(%)

(% of total renewable water resources)

(% of all species)

(% of land area)

(annual average per million people)

(%)

6

HDI rank

2009

2008

1970/2008

2005

2010

1990/2010

2003-2012

a

2011

2009

2005/2011

2010

7

VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

8

1

Norway

58.8

43.3

50

10.5

1.0

5.8

10.2

33.1

10.2

0.8

6.9

3.3

0

..

9

2

Australia

94.4

5.6

399

18.6

1.2

9.6

6.5

19.4

-3.4

4.6

18.5

53.2

3

9.0

10

3

United States

84.1

5.4

5,461

18.0

-0.4

3.7

0.9

33.2

2.6

15.6

19.9

44.1

1

1.0

11

4

Netherlands

93.1

4.0

174

10.6

-0.1

2.4

0.8

10.8

5.8

11.7

5.4

56.8

12

5.0

12

5

Germany

79.5

8.7

787

9.6

..

1.9

0.1

31.8

3.1

21.0

10.5

48.4

12

8.0

13

6

New Zealand

63.7

36.1

33

7.8

1.1

10.0

..

30.9

7.1

1.5

20.4

43.6

0

5.0

14

7

Ireland

95.0

4.5

44

9.9

1.1

5.8

0.2

10.7

58.9

1.5

7.3

60.8

0

..

15

7

Sweden

32.7

34.8

49

5.3

-2.0

2.1

0.4

68.7

3.4

1.5

4.9

7.5

0

..

16

9

Switzerland

53.3

17.7

40

5.3

-0.6

1.2

0.0

31.0

7.7

4.9

6.6

38.1

14

..

17

10

Japan

81.0

3.3

1,208

9.5

0.7

1.0

0.0

68.5

0.1

20.9

13.7

12.6

1

..

18

11

Canada

74.9

16.9

544

16.3

0.1

4.7

2.3

34.1

0.0

1.6

7.2

7.4

0

3.0

19

12

Korea (Republic of)

..

509

10.5

4.9

1.2

0.0

63.0

-2.3

36.5

9.5

19.1

1

3.0

20

13

Hong Kong, China (SAR)

95.1

0.4

39

5.5

2.6

0.5

0.0

..

8.3

..

0

..

21

13

Iceland

15.7

84.2

2

7.0

0.1

3.3

0.0

0.3

243.7

0.1

8.4

22.8

..

22

15

Denmark

80.4

17.4

46

8.4

-1.1

2.9

1.7

12.8

22.3

10.8

6.3

62.1

0

9.0

23

16

Israel

96.5

5.0

38

5.2

-0.2

1.1

0.2

7.1

16.7

101.9

11.2

24.1

1

13.0

24

17

Belgium

73.6

3.9

105

9.8

-0.7

1.8

0.0

22.4

0.1

34.0

5.5

45.0

20

10.0

25

18

Austria

70.2

27.8

68

8.1

0.5

1.9

0.2

47.1

2.9

4.7

11.6

38.4

4

3.0

26

18

Singapore

99.8

0.1

32

6.7

-0.7

1.4

0.0

3.3

0.0

31.7

13.7

1.0

..

27

20

France

51.0

7.7

377

5.9

-1.0

2.3

0.0

29.0

9.8

15.0

12.8

53.4

33

4.0

28

21

Finland

54.0

23.8

57

10.6

0.5

3.4

0.1

72.9

1.2

1.5

4.4

7.6

0

..

29

21

Slovenia

69.3

12.7

17

8.5

..

2.6

0.3

62.2

5.5

3.0

11.8

23.2

15

8.0

30

23

Spain

79.9

9.6

329

7.2

2.0

1.7

0.0

36.4

31.5

29.0

17.7

55.5

33

1.0

31

24

Liechtenstein

..

43.1

6.2

..

1.1

40.6

..

32

25

Italy

87.5

9.7

445

7.4

0.8

1.4

0.1

31.1

20.5

23.7

13.5

47.3

33

2.0

33

26

Luxembourg

88.8

3.1

11

21.5

-1.7

3.5

0.0

33.5

1.1

1.9

2.8

50.6

33

..

34

26

United Kingdom

87.3

3.2

523

8.5

-0.8

1.8

1.3

11.9

10.3

8.8

10.1

71.6

1

3.0

35

28

Czech Republic

79.6

5.8

117

11.2

..

2.1

0.5

34.4

1.1

14.8

5.0

54.9

5

4.0

36

29

Greece

92.4

6.4

98

8.7

3.1

1.4

0.3

30.3

18.3

12.7

16.3

63.6

1

1.0

37

30

Brunei Darussalam

100.0

0.0

11

27.5

-2.3

17.9

..

72.1

-8.0

1.1

8.4

2.2

..

38

31

Cyprus

95.7

3.9

9

7.9

2.8

1.3

0.0

18.7

7.5

19.3

7.7

13.5

0

11.0

39

32

Malta

99.9

0.1

3

6.2

2.8

0.9

..

1.1

0.0

71.3

6.8

29.1

..

40

33

Andorra

..

1

6.5

..

35.6

0.0

..

3.7

38.3

..

41

33

Estonia

84.8

15.1

18

13.6

..

2.3

1.6

52.3

6.1

14.0

3.5

22.0

0

5.0

42

35

Slovakia

69.5

7.3

38

6.9

..

1.4

0.4

40.2

0.6

1.4

5.2

40.1

2

9.0

43

36

Qatar

100.0

0.0

68

49.1

-0.9

18.0

..

0.0

455.2

7.3

5.6

..

44

37

Hungary

74.2

7.4

55

5.4

-0.6

1.6

0.5

22.6

12.7

5.4

8.0

63.9

7

17.0

45

38

Barbados

..

1

5.0

2.7

..

19.4

0.0

76.1

8.7

44.2

0

..

46

39

Poland

92.8

6.7

316

8.3

-0.3

2.7

1.4

30.5

5.1

19.4

5.7

53.0

3

13.0

47

40

Chile

74.5

25.1

73

4.4

1.4

1.6

12.4

21.7

6.3

1.2

9.9

21.2

1

1.0

48

41

Lithuania

55.8

10.4

15

4.5

..

2.5

0.6

34.5

11.1

9.6

4.1

42.9

1

5.0

49

41

United Arab Emirates

100.0

0.0

155

25.0

-2.5

6.2

..

3.8

29.5

2,032.0

7.7

6.8

..

2.0

50

43

Portugal

78.0

19.7

56

5.3

2.9

1.8

0.1

38.1

3.9

12.3

17.0

40.3

26

2.0

51

44

Latvia

59.5

37.1

8

3.3

..

2.3

0.5

53.8

5.7

1.2

4.6

29.5

4

2.0

52

45

Argentina

89.4

7.0

192

4.8

0.9

3.9

4.9

10.7

-15.5

4.0

9.0

51.3

0

2.0

53

46

Seychelles

..

1

7.8

7.3

..

0.0

88.5

0.0

..

16.1

6.5

0

..

54

47

Croatia

83.4

10.9

23

5.3

..

1.5

0.9

34.3

3.8

0.6

14.3

23.2

18

18.0

55

HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

56

48

Bahrain

99.9

0.0

22

21.4

1.5

4.3

..

0.7

143.5

219.8

7.2

10.3

..

57

49

Bahamas

..

2

6.5

-2.2

..

51.5

0.0

..

10.0

1.4

3

..

58

50

Belarus

92.5

5.0

63

6.5

..

2.4

1.0

41.6

10.9

7.5

4.2

44.0

0

5.0

59

51

Uruguay

60.3

37.1

8

2.5

0.5

8.1

0.6

10.0

89.6

2.6

10.8

84.6

1

6.0

60

52

Montenegro

..

2

3.1

..

40.4

0.0

..

10.5

38.2

0

8.0

61

52

Palau

..

0

10.5

-0.3

..

87.6

5.6

..

11.4

10.9

..

62

54

Kuwait

100.0

0.0

77

30.1

-0.3

6.3

..

0.4

81.2

2,465.0

7.4

8.5

..

1.0

63

55

Russian Federation

90.2

2.8

1,709

12.0

..

4.9

14.3

49.4

0.0

1.5

10.2

13.2

40

3.0

64

56

Romania

76.3

15.3

95

4.4

-0.8

1.7

1.6

28.6

3.2

9.4

58.8

3

13.0

65

57

Bulgaria

73.1

6.2

51

6.6

-0.2

2.0

36.1

18.0

28.7

9.3

46.3

1

8.0

66

57

Saudi Arabia

100.0

0.0

434

16.6

2.0

2.5

..

0.5

0.0

943.3

8.8

80.7

1

4.0

67

59

Cuba

84.1

15.9

31

2.8

0.7

1.4

..

26.1

39.5

19.8

18.1

62.5

0

17.0

68

59

Panama

78.6

21.5

7

2.0

0.9

1.4

0.0

43.7

-14.3

0.3

7.2

30.0

2

4.0

69

61

Mexico

88.9

9.6

476

4.3

1.8

1.7

5.7

33.3

-7.8

17.5

17.3

52.9

1

4.0

70

62

Costa Rica

44.7

55.3

8

1.8

2.5

0.9

0.1

51.0

1.6

2.4

8.0

35.3

2

1.0

71

63

Grenada

..

0

2.4

4.4

..

50.0

0.0

..

10.5

36.8

38

..

72

64

Libya

99.2

0.8

58

9.5

-1.4

2.7

..

0.1

0.0

718.0

8.7

8.8

..

8.0

73

64

Malaysia

94.7

5.3

208

7.6

4.7

2.4

6.9

62.3

-8.6

2.3

15.4

24.0

0

1.0

74

64

Serbia

92.4

8.1

50

6.8

..

2.3

..

31.0

17.3

..

7.2

57.8

0

19.0

75

67

Antigua and Barbuda

..

0

5.1

-0.8

..

22.3

-4.9

3.3

8.3

29.5

0

..

76

67

Trinidad and Tobago

99.9

0.1

50

37.4

3.7

7.8

32.0

44.1

-5.9

6.0

6.8

10.5

0

..

77

69

Kazakhstan

99.0

1.1

237

15.1

..

4.3

23.4

1.2

-3.3

28.9

8.4

77.2

1

24.0

78

70

Albania

54.0

38.8

4

1.3

-0.8

1.1

2.5

28.3

-1.6

4.4

12.7

44.0

1

6.0

79

71

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

87.7

12.4

170

6.1

-0.4

3.0

12.4

52.5

-11.1

0.7

8.3

24.3

1

2.0

80

72

Dominica

..

0

1.9

4.4

..

0.0

59.5

-10.7

..

8.6

32.7

15

..

81

72

Georgia

68.0

33.3

5

1.2

..

1.4

0.6

39.5

-1.3

2.6

9.3

36.1

0

2.0

82

72

Lebanon

95.9

2.6

17

4.1

2.5

0.4

0.0

13.4

4.5

28.1

10.0

67.3

0

1.0

83

72

Saint Kitts and Nevis

..

0

4.9

..

42.3

0.0

..

8.6

21.2

..

84

76

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

99.5

0.5

538

7.4

2.2

2.1

..

6.8

0.0

67.7

8.8

29.8

1

25.0

85

77

Peru

73.5

26.5

41

1.4

0.1

0.9

8.1

53.1

-3.1

1.0

8.4

16.8

6

1.0

86

78

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

84.3

11.3

12

5.8

..

1.0

5.9

39.2

9.4

16.1

13.3

40.2

1

7.0

87

78

Ukraine

80.0

1.6

324

7.0

..

2.1

3.7

16.8

4.7

27.6

8.2

71.2

2

6.0

88

80

Mauritius

..

4

3.1

4.4

..

0.0

17.3

-9.8

26.4

15.2

48.3

1

..

89

81

Bosnia and Herzegovina

92.2

12.1

31

8.3

..

1.2

..

42.7

-1.1

0.9

9.8

41.7

0

6.0

90

82

Azerbaijan

98.2

1.7

47

5.4

..

4.7

34.5

11.3

0.0

35.2

8.2

57.6

0

4.0

91

83

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

..

0

1.8

4.7

..

0.0

68.5

5.5

..

9.0

25.6

0

..

92

84

Oman

100.0

0.0

46

17.3

11.1

7.1

..

0.0

86.6

8.5

5.9

5

6.0

93

85

Brazil

51.3

45.8

393

2.1

2.0

4.0

3.4

62.4

-9.6

0.7

10.0

31.3

1

8.0

94

85

Jamaica

83.7

16.3

12

4.5

1.4

0.7

0.6

31.1

-2.2

6.2

15.2

41.5

3

3.0

95

87

Armenia

68.4

6.7

6

1.8

..

1.3

1.0

9.3

-24.5

36.4

7.9

61.6

0

10.0

96

88

Saint Lucia

..

0

2.3

3.4

..

77.0

7.3

..

9.4

18.0

6

..

97

89

Ecuador

86.7

12.4

27

1.9

2.6

1.7

12.9

35.6

-28.6

3.6

12.7

30.3

1

2.0

98

90

Turkey

89.9

10.2

284

4.0

3.2

1.4

0.4

14.7

17.1

18.8

15.3

50.6

0

5.0

99

91

Colombia

75.2

25.1

68

1.5

0.3

1.8

7.8

54.5

-3.2

0.6

11.5

38.3

4

2.0

100

92

Sri Lanka

45.3

54.7

12

0.6

1.8

0.6

0.3

28.8

-20.9

24.5

17.8

41.6

2

21.0

101

93

Algeria

99.8

0.2

111

3.2

2.9

1.8

18.1

0.6

-10.5

52.7

12.2

17.4

4

29.0

102

94

Tunisia

85.7

14.2

25

2.4

3.2

1.0

5.1

6.5

56.5

61.7

11.2

63.0

0

37.0

103

MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

104

95

Tonga

..

0

1.7

4.6

..

0.0

12.5

0.0

..

8.5

43.1

0

..

105

96

Belize

..

0

1.3

0.7

..

0.0

61.1

-12.2

0.8

6.4

6.7

13

1.0

106

96

Dominican Republic

76.6

23.4

22

2.2

3.1

0.9

0.2

40.8

0.0

16.6

16.1

51.1

9

7.0

107

96

Fiji

..

1

1.5

1.0

..

0.0

55.5

6.4

0.3

13.1

22.9

8

..

108

96

Samoa

..

0

0.9

3.9

..

0.3

60.4

31.5

..

10.8

23.7

5

..

109

100

Jordan

98.0

1.8

21

3.7

3.4

0.5

1.0

1.1

0.0

99.4

9.1

11.5

0

22.0

110

101

China

87.4

11.9

7,032

5.3

4.7

1.5

5.1

21.9

31.6

19.5

12.1

56.2

1

9.0

111

102

Turkmenistan

100.7

0.0

48

9.7

..

6.7

..

8.8

0.0

100.8

8.4

69.4

..

11.0

112

103

Thailand

79.4

20.5

286

4.2

6.3

1.6

2.4

37.1

-3.0

13.1

12.5

38.7

2

17.0

113

104

Maldives

..

1

3.0

..

0.0

3.0

0.0

15.7

9.1

26.7

0

..

114

105

Suriname

..

2

4.7

0.2

..

94.6

-0.1

0.5

3.5

0.5

2

..

115

106

Gabon

33.9

66.1

2

1.7

-2.2

6.4

33.1

85.4

0.0

0.1

5.9

19.9

0

..

116

107

El Salvador

37.8

62.0

6

1.0

2.6

0.8

0.4

13.9

-23.9

5.5

3.8

74.5

7

6.0

117

108

Bolivia (Plurinational State of)

79.1

20.9

13

1.3

2.2

4.9

12.3

52.7

-8.9

0.3

4.7

34.1

5

2.0

118

108

Mongolia

96.4

3.2

11

4.1

1.6

3.7

32.3

7.0

-13.1

1.4

6.4

74.5

4

31.0

119

110

Occupied Palestinian Territory

..

2

0.5

..

1.5

1.0

49.9

6.2

61.0

0

..

120

111

Paraguay

28.5

153.2

4

0.7

2.1

4.1

0.0

44.3

-16.9

0.1

3.9

52.6

0

1.0

121

112

Egypt

96.3

3.8

210

2.7

4.0

0.9

7.1

0.1

59.1

119.0

8.9

3.7

0

25.0

122

113

Moldova (Republic of)

91.3

3.1

5

1.3

..

1.1

0.2

11.7

21.0

16.4

6.7

75.2

1

22.0

123

114

Philippines

57.0

43.0

83

0.9

0.7

0.8

2.1

25.7

16.7

17.0

16.8

40.1

9

2.0

124

114

Uzbekistan

98.4

1.6

125

4.6

..

1.9

19.2

7.7

7.6

118.3

7.9

62.6

0

27.0

125

116

Syrian Arab Republic

99.3

0.7

72

3.6

3.3

0.9

11.9

2.7

32.0

99.8

10.9

75.7

1

33.0

126

117

Micronesia (Federated States of)

..

0

0.6

..

91.7

0.9

..

13.7

31.4

45

..

127

118

Guyana

..

2

2.0

-0.2

..

6.0

77.2

0.0

0.7

3.8

8.5

4

..

128

119

Botswana

64.3

23.6

5

2.5

..

4.1

3.4

20.0

-17.3

1.6

2.0

45.6

0

22.0

129

120

Honduras

50.3

49.8

9

1.2

2.2

1.2

0.5

46.4

-36.2

1.2

8.3

28.5

4

15.0

130

121

Indonesia

65.6

34.4

406

1.7

4.7

1.5

6.6

52.1

-20.3

5.6

14.3

29.6

2

3.0

131

121

Kiribati

..

0

0.3

-1.0

..

15.0

0.0

..

12.4

42.0

0

..

132

121

South Africa

87.8

10.0

436

8.9

0.7

1.9

6.1

7.6

0.0

25.0

14.1

81.7

1

17.0

133

124

Vanuatu

..

0

0.4

-0.4

..

0.0

36.1

0.0

..

12.0

15.3

0

..

134

125

Kyrgyzstan

72.5

28.4

6

1.2

..

1.0

6.9

5.0

14.0

43.7

5.9

55.4

2

10.0

135

125

Tajikistan

41.2

58.6

3

0.5

..

0.9

0.8

2.9

0.5

74.8

6.4

33.9

3

10.0

136

127

Viet Nam

56.2

43.3

127

1.5

2.2

1.3

9.4

44.5

47.4

9.3

12.1

33.1

3

8.0

137

128

Namibia

70.5

19.2

4

1.8

..

4.4

0.7

8.9

-16.8

1.7

5.6

47.1

7

28.0

138

129

Nicaragua

44.7

55.3

4

0.8

0.7

1.7

1.6

25.7

-31.0

0.7

4.8

42.8

7

14.0

139

130

Morocco

92.5

4.9

48

1.5

3.1

0.5

1.6

11.5

1.6

43.4

15.2

67.3

1

39.0

140

131

Iraq

97.6

0.9

103

3.4

0.9

0.7

45.7

1.9

2.6

87.3

8.2

20.1

0

5.0

141

132

Cape Verde

..

0

0.6

4.2

..

0.1

21.1

47.3

6.8

12.5

21.8

0

..

142

133

Guatemala

46.1

53.9

12

0.9

1.9

1.1

1.7

33.7

-23.0

2.6

9.3

41.0

14

9.0

143

134

Timor-Leste

..

0

0.2

..

49.9

-23.2

..

5.2

25.2

1

..

144

135

Ghana

24.3

76.2

9

0.4

0.5

0.6

8.0

21.7

-33.7

1.8

5.7

68.1

1

1.0

145

136

Equatorial Guinea

..

5

7.3

11.3

..

49.4

58.0

-12.6

0.1

6.4

10.9

..

146

136

India

73.0

26.1

1,743

1.5

3.8

0.7

4.4

23.0

7.0

39.8

14.0

60.5

2

10.0

147

138

Cambodia

27.8

70.8

5

0.3

1.8

1.9

0.1

57.2

-22.0

0.5

12.1

31.5

1

39.0

148

138

Lao People's Democratic Republic

..

2

0.3

0.5

..

8.3

68.2

-9.0

1.3

10.5

10.2

0

4.0

149

140

Bhutan

..

1

1.0

12.4

..

3.6

69.1

7.1

0.4

6.8

13.2

1

..

150

141

Swaziland

..

1

1.1

0.7

..

0.1

32.7

19.3

23.1

2.7

71.0

0

..

151

LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

152

142

Congo

44.2

53.1

2

0.5

0.4

2.7

59.6

65.6

-1.4

0.0

4.4

30.9

0

..

153

143

Solomon Islands

..

0

0.4

1.1

..

15.6

79.1

-4.8

..

14.8

3.0

4

..

154

144

Sao Tome and Principe

..

0

0.8

3.7

..

0.8

28.1

0.0

0.3

14.9

58.3

..

155

145

Kenya

16.8

83.2

10

0.3

0.0

0.9

1.1

6.1

-6.5

8.9

8.4

48.1

2

31.0

156

146

Bangladesh

69.8

30.2

47

0.3

..

0.7

2.3

11.1

-3.5

2.9

8.6

70.3

6

11.0

157

146

Pakistan

61.8

37.4

163

1.0

2.3

1.1

2.8

2.2

-33.2

79.5

8.6

34.1

3

4.0

158

148

Angola

37.6

62.4

24

1.4

2.1

5.1

35.1

46.9

-4.1

0.4

4.6

46.8

2

3.0

159

149

Myanmar

27.7

72.3

13

0.3

1.1

2.2

..

48.3

-19.0

2.8

7.9

19.0

287

19.0

160

150

Cameroon

30.9

69.1

5

0.3

3.0

1.6

4.8

42.1

-18.1

0.3

10.9

19.8

0

15.0

161

151

Madagascar

..

2

0.1

-1.1

..

1.0

21.6

-8.3

4.4

21.0

70.2

5

..

162

152

Tanzania (United Republic of)

11.1

88.9

6

0.2

0.4

1.4

3.2

37.7

-19.4

5.4

12.3

40.1

0

25.0

163

153

Nigeria

14.7

85.3

96

0.6

1.4

1.1

22.0

9.9

-47.5

3.6

6.6

81.8

0

12.0

164

154

Senegal

57.8

41.8

5

0.4

0.7

1.0

0.8

44.0

-9.4

5.7

6.9

49.4

0

16.0

165

155

Mauritania

..

2

0.6

1.2

..

34.3

0.2

-41.7

14.0

8.1

38.5

1

24.0

166

156

Papua New Guinea

..

2

0.3

..

22.2

63.4

-8.9

0.0

11.4

2.5

4

..

167

157

Nepal

11.1

88.5

4

0.1

5.0

1.0

2.5

25.4

-24.5

4.7

6.1

29.6

6

2.0

168

158

Lesotho

..

1.0

1.4

10.0

1.7

3.0

77.0

0

64.0

169

159

Togo

14.4

83.4

1

0.2

1.7

0.8

3.4

5.3

-58.1

1.2

4.2

62.1

1

5.0

170

160

Yemen

98.7

1.3

23

1.0

2.5

0.5

14.5

1.0

0.0

168.6

9.3

44.4

2

32.0

171

161

Haiti

28.1

71.9

2

0.3

3.0

0.6

..

3.7

-12.9

8.6

19.4

66.8

65

15.0

172

161

Uganda

..

4

0.1

-0.6

..

4.5

15.2

-37.1

0.5

7.6

69.9

2

23.0

173

163

Zambia

7.6

92.2

2

0.2

-4.6

3.8

18.9

66.5

-6.3

1.7

3.3

31.5

1

5.0

174

164

Djibouti

..

1

0.6

-0.9

..

0.2

0.0

6.3

8.2

73.4

6

8.0

175

165

Gambia

..

0

0.3

2.3

..

0.8

48.0

8.6

0.9

4.9

66.5

1

18.0

176

166

Benin

40.4

57.4

4

0.5

4.3

0.9

0.3

41.2

-20.8

0.5

4.5

29.8

1

2.0

177

167

Rwanda

..

1

0.1

4.0

..

3.1

17.6

36.8

1.6

5.7

81.1

1

10.0

178

168

Côte d'Ivoire

23.5

76.9

7

0.4

-0.5

1.0

3.9

32.7

1.8

1.7

6.7

63.8

0

1.0

179

169

Comoros

..

0

0.2

1.0

..

1.1

1.6

-75.0

0.8

11.7

83.3

0

..

180

170

Malawi

..

1

0.1

-0.4

..

1.8

34.4

-16.9

5.6

8.6

59.1

4

19.0

181

171

Sudan

30.2

69.8

14

0.3

0.1

3.0

12.9

29.4

-8.4

57.6

4.8

57.5

1

40.0

182

172

Zimbabwe

25.7

69.4

9

0.7

-2.0

1.3

2.7

40.4

-29.5

21.0

3.3

42.4

0

29.0

183

173

Ethiopia

7.1

92.9

7

0.1

1.2

1.1

4.2

11.2

-18.6

4.6

6.7

35.0

2

72.0

184

174

Liberia

..

1

0.2

-4.6

..

6.4

44.9

-12.2

0.1

8.4

27.1

0

..

185

175

Afghanistan

..

1

0.0

-4.4

..

2.6

2.1

0.0

35.6

5.8

58.1

11

11.0

186

176

Guinea-Bissau

..

0

0.2

1.4

..

0.5

71.9

-8.8

0.6

5.7

58.0

1

1.0

187

177

Sierra Leone

..

1

0.2

-0.9

..

2.1

38.1

-12.6

0.3

6.5

47.7

3

..

188

178

Burundi

..

0

0.0

0.6

..

12.7

6.7

-40.5

2.3

4.5

83.7

2

19.0

189

178

Guinea

..

1

0.1

-0.7

..

14.3

26.6

-9.9

0.7

7.3

58.0

0

1.0

190

180

Central African Republic

..

0

0.1

-1.6

..

0.0

36.3

-2.6

0.0

1.6

8.4

0

..

191

181

Eritrea

22.6

77.4

0

0.1

..

0.8

0.0

15.2

-5.5

9.2

7.4

75.2

0

59.0

192

182

Mali

..

1

0.0

0.5

..

9.8

10.2

-11.2

6.5

2.8

33.7

0

60.0

193

183

Burkina Faso

..

2

0.1

4.2

..

4.3

20.6

-17.5

7.9

2.7

43.7

0

73.0

194

184

Chad

..

0

0.0

0.8

..

29.0

9.2

-12.1

0.9

3.7

39.2

2

45.0

195

185

Mozambique

7.7

96.7

2

0.1

-2.9

1.1

3.3

49.6

-10.0

0.3

7.0

62.7

1

2.0

196

186

Congo (Democratic Republic of the)

3.7

96.6

3

0.0

-2.8

1.9

13.7

68.0

-3.9

0.0

6.4

9.9

0

..

197

186

Niger

..

1

0.1

0.5

..

2.4

1.0

-38.1

7.0

3.6

34.6

0

25.0

198

OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES

199

Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)

81.7

0.7

78

3.2

..

1.0

..

47.1

-30.9

11.2

8.6

24.1

5

3.0

200

Marshall Islands

..

0

1.9

..

70.2

0.0

..

11.0

72.2

0

..

201

Monaco

..

0.0

..

6.8

..

202

Nauru

..

3.9

..

0.0

..

12.1

20.0

..

203

San Marino

..

0.0

..

0.0

16.7

..

204

Somalia

..

1

0.1

0.5

..

10.8

-18.5

22.4

6.8

70.2

2

26.0

205

South Sudan

..

206

Tuvalu

..

33.3

0.0

..

13.0

60.0

..

207

208

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX GROUPS

209

Very high human development

81.0

7.5

12,643

11.4

-0.2

2.7

0.9

29.1

1.1

8.2

13.6

42.6

8

..

210

High human development

86.7

9.5

5,765

5.8

1.0

2.8

..

38.0

-4.1

2.8

11.4

26.5

7

8.4

211

Medium human development

..

10,877

3.2

3.8

..

5.3

24.6

1.3

16.4

12.8

60.9

2

..

212

Low human development

..

473

0.4

0.5

..

9.5

28.8

-10.6

4.4

7.6

45.8

14

20.2

213

214

REGIONS

215

Arab States

96.7

3.1

1,509

4.6

1.1

1.5

..

7.1

-7.8

87.4

9.4

63.1

1

24.9

216

East Asia and the Pacific

..

8,255

4.3

4.5

..

29.4

2.1

..

12.5

44.9

9

..

217

Europe and Central Asia

88.3

4.7

3,723

7.9

..

3.0

7.3

38.5

0.7

5.8

9.6

20.5

13

8.5

218

Latin America and the Caribbean

72.6

26.3

1,637

2.9

1.2

2.7

5.7

47.2

-8.9

1.5

11.5

37.5

3

5.4

219

South Asia

76.7

22.6

2,509

1.5

3.2

0.8

4.0

14.5

2.4

28.6

12.5

33.9

2

10.1

220

Sub-Saharan Africa

..

670

0.9

0.4

..

11.6

28.4

-10.2

1.6

7.5

54.7

1

25.0

221

222

Least developed countries

..

191

0.2

-0.5

..

9.0

29.6

-9.4

2.8

7.6

47.1

20

26.0

223

SIDS

..

137

2.7

1.4

..

63.1

-3.5

..

14.9

3.3

16

..

224

225

World

80.7

13.1

29,837

4.5

0.4

1.7

3.3

31.1

-3.3

7.3

11.7

38.6

6

10.6

226

227

NOTE

228

a. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.

229

230

DEFINITIONS

231

Fossil fuels: Percentage of total energy supply that comes from natural resources formed from biomass in the geological past (such as coal, oil and natural gas).

232

Renewables: Percentage of total energy supply that comes from constantly replenished natural processes, including solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, hydropower and ocean resources and some waste. Nuclear energy is not included.

233

Carbon dioxide emissions: Human-originated carbon dioxide emissions stemming from the burning of fossil fuels, gas flaring and the production of cement, includes carbon dioxide emitted by forest biomass through depletion of forest areas.

234

Carbon dioxide emmissions per capita: Human-originated carbon dioxide emissions stemming from the burning of fossil fuels, gas flaring and the production of cement, divided by midyear population. Includes carbon dioxide emitted by forest biomass through depletion of forest areas.

235

Carbon dioxide emmissions average annual per capita growth: Average annual growth in per capita carbon dioxide emissions from 1970-2008.

236

Greenhouse gas emissions per capita: Emissions from methane, nitrous oxide and other greenhouse gases, including hydrofluorocarbons, per fluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride, divided by midyear population. Carbon dioxide emissions are not included.

237

Natural resource depletion: Monetary expression of energy, mineral and forest depletion, expressed as a percentage of total gross national income (GNI).

238

Forest area: Land spanning more than 0.5 hectare with trees taller than 5 metres and a canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ. It exludes land predominantly under agricultural or urban land use, tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens. Areas under reforestation that have not yet reached but are expected to reach a canopy cover of 10 percent and a tree height of 5 meters are included, as are temporarily unstocked areas, resulting from human intervention or natural causes, which are expected to regenerate.

239

Change in forest area: Percentage change in area under forest cover.

240

Fresh water withdrawals: Total fresh water withdrawn in a given year, expressed as a percentage of total renewable water resources.

241

Endangered species: Percentage of animal species (including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates) classified as critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature.

242

Agricultural land: The sum of areas under arable land (land under temporary agricultural crops; multiple-cropped areas are counted only once), temporary meadows for mowing or pasture, land under market and kitchen gardens and land temporarily fallow (less than five years), expressed as a percentage of total land. Abandoned land resulting from shifting cultivation is excluded.

243

Number of deaths due to natural disaster: Number of people confirmed as dead and missing and presumed dead as a result of a natural disaster. Natural disasters are classified as climatological, hydrological and meteorological disasters, which include drought, extreme temperature, flood, mass movement, wet storm and wildfire.

244

Population living on degraded land: Percentage of the population living on severely or very severely degraded land. Land degradation estimates consider biomass, soil health, water quantity and biodiversity and range in severity.

245

246

MAIN DATA SOURCES

247

Columns 1 and 2: HDRO calculations based on data on total primary energy supply from IEA (2012).

248

Columns 3,4 and 6: World Bank (2012a).

249

Column 5: HDRO calculations based on data from World Bank (2012a).

250

Column 6: HDRO calculations based on data from World Bank (2012a) and UNDESA (2011).

251

Column 7: HDRO calculations based on data from World Bank (2012a).

252

Columns 8 and 9: HDRO calculations based on data on forest and total land area from FAO (2012).

253

Column 10: FAO (2011).

254

Column 11: IUCN (2012).

255

Column 12: HDRO calculations based on data from FAO (2012).

256

Column 13: CRED EM-DAT (2012) and UNDESA 2011.

257

Column 14: FAO (2012).


1
2
3		Table 2: Human Development Index trends, 1980-2012
4
5			Human Development Index (HDI)											HDI rank				Average annual HDI growth
6			Value											Change				(%)
7	HDI rank		1980		1990		2000		2005	2007	2010	2011	2012	2007-2012	a	2011-2012	a	1980/1990	1990/2000	2000/2010	2000/2012

8	Very high human development
9	1	Norway	0.804		0.852		0.922		0.948	0.952	0.952	0.953	0.955	0		0		0.59	0.79	0.32	0.29
10	2	Australia	0.857		0.880		0.914		0.927	0.931	0.935	0.936	0.938	0		0		0.27	0.37	0.23	0.22
11	3	United States	0.843		0.878		0.907		0.923	0.929	0.934	0.936	0.937	0		-1		0.40	0.33	0.29	0.27
12	4	Netherlands	0.799		0.842		0.891		0.899	0.911	0.919	0.921	0.921	2		0		0.52	0.56	0.31	0.28
13	5	Germany	0.738		0.803		0.870		0.901	0.907	0.916	0.919	0.920	5		0		0.85	0.81	0.53	0.47
14	6	New Zealand	0.807		0.835		0.887		0.908	0.912	0.917	0.918	0.919	-1		0		0.34	0.60	0.33	0.29
15	7	Ireland	0.745		0.793		0.879		0.907	0.918	0.916	0.915	0.916	-3		0		0.62	1.04	0.42	0.35
16	7	Sweden	0.792		0.823		0.903		0.905	0.909	0.913	0.915	0.916	0		0		0.38	0.93	0.11	0.12
17	9	Switzerland	0.818		0.840		0.882		0.898	0.901	0.912	0.912	0.913	3		0		0.27	0.49	0.33	0.29
18	10	Japan	0.788		0.837		0.878		0.896	0.903	0.909	0.910	0.912	1		0		0.61	0.48	0.35	0.32
19	11	Canada	0.825		0.865		0.887		0.906	0.909	0.909	0.910	0.911	-4		-1		0.48	0.25	0.24	0.22
20	12	Korea (Republic of)	0.640		0.749		0.839		0.875	0.890	0.905	0.907	0.909	4		0		1.58	1.14	0.76	0.67
21	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	0.712		0.788		0.815		0.857	0.877	0.900	0.904	0.906	10		1		1.02	0.34	1.00	0.89
22	13	Iceland	0.769		0.815		0.871		0.901	0.908	0.901	0.905	0.906	-4		0		0.58	0.67	0.34	0.33
23	15	Denmark	0.790		0.816		0.869		0.893	0.898	0.899	0.901	0.901	-2		0		0.33	0.63	0.34	0.30
24	16	Israel	0.773		0.809		0.865		0.885	0.892	0.896	0.899	0.900	-2		0		0.45	0.68	0.34	0.33
25	17	Belgium	0.764		0.817		0.884		0.884	0.891	0.896	0.897	0.897	-2		0		0.67	0.79	0.14	0.12
26	18	Austria	0.747		0.797		0.848		0.867	0.879	0.892	0.894	0.895	2		0		0.66	0.62	0.51	0.46
27	18	Singapore	..		0.756		0.826		0.852	..	0.892	0.894	0.895	7		0		..	0.89	0.77	0.67
28	20	France	0.728		0.784		0.853		0.877	0.885	0.891	0.893	0.893	-1		0		0.75	0.85	0.44	0.38
29	21	Finland	0.766		0.801		0.845		0.882	0.890	0.890	0.892	0.892	-5		0		0.45	0.54	0.52	0.45
30	21	Slovenia	..		..		0.842		0.876	0.888	0.892	0.892	0.892	-3		0		..	..	0.58	0.48
31	23	Spain	0.698		0.756		0.847		0.865	0.874	0.884	0.885	0.885	1		0		0.80	1.15	0.43	0.37
32	24	Liechtenstein	..		..		..		..	..	0.882	0.883	0.883	..		0		..	..	..	..
33	25	Italy	0.723		0.771		0.833		0.869	0.878	0.881	0.881	0.881	-2		0		0.64	0.78	0.56	0.46
34	26	Luxembourg	0.735		0.796		0.861		0.875	0.879	0.875	0.875	0.875	-5		0		0.81	0.78	0.16	0.14
35	26	United Kingdom	0.748		0.784		0.841		0.865	0.867	0.874	0.875	0.875	2		0		0.47	0.70	0.39	0.33
36	28	Czech Republic	..		..		0.824		0.862	0.869	0.871	0.872	0.873	-1		0		..	..	0.56	0.48
37	29	Greece	0.726		0.772		0.810		0.862	0.865	0.866	0.862	0.860	0		0		0.62	0.48	0.67	0.50
38	30	Brunei Darussalam	0.765		0.782		0.830		0.848	0.853	0.854	0.854	0.855	0		0		0.22	0.59	0.28	0.25
39	31	Cyprus	0.715		0.779		0.808		0.817	0.827	0.849	0.849	0.848	4		0		0.86	0.36	0.50	0.41
40	32	Malta	0.713		0.757		0.801		0.827	0.829	0.844	0.846	0.847	2		1		0.59	0.57	0.52	0.46
41	33	Andorra	..		..		..		..	..	0.846	0.847	0.846	..		-1		..	..	..	..
42	33	Estonia	..		0.728		0.786		0.830	0.841	0.839	0.844	0.846	-2		1		..	..	0.65	0.62
43	35	Slovakia	..		0.754		0.785		0.814	0.830	0.836	0.838	0.840	-1		0		..	0.40	0.64	0.57
44	36	Qatar	0.729		0.743		0.801		0.828	0.833	0.827	0.832	0.834	-3		0		0.18	0.76	0.32	0.33
45	37	Hungary	0.709		0.714		0.790		0.820	0.826	0.829	0.830	0.831	1		0		0.07	1.02	0.48	0.42
46	38	Barbados	0.706		0.760		0.790		0.798	0.808	0.823	0.824	0.825	2		0		0.73	0.38	0.41	0.37
47	39	Poland	..		..		0.778		0.798	0.806	0.817	0.819	0.821	3		0		..	..	0.49	0.46
48	40	Chile	0.638		0.702		0.759		0.789	0.800	0.813	0.817	0.819	5		0		0.96	0.78	0.68	0.64
49	41	Lithuania	..		0.732		0.756		0.802	0.810	0.810	0.814	0.818	-2		2		..	0.32	0.68	0.65
50	41	United Arab Emirates	..		..		..		0.831	0.827	0.816	0.817	0.818	-5		-1		..	..	..	..
51	43	Portugal	0.644		0.714		0.783		0.796	0.806	0.817	0.817	0.816	-1		-3		1.04	0.93	0.43	0.35
52	44	Latvia	0.675		0.699		0.738		0.792	0.808	0.805	0.809	0.814	-4		1		0.35	0.55	0.87	0.82
53	45	Argentina	0.675		0.701		0.755		0.771	0.787	0.805	0.810	0.811	4		-1		0.38	0.74	0.64	0.60
54	46	Seychelles	..		..		0.774		0.781	0.792	0.799	0.804	0.806	1		0		..	..	0.31	0.33
55	47	Croatia	..		0.716		0.755		0.787	0.798	0.804	0.804	0.805	-1		-1		..	0.52	0.63	0.54
56	High human development
57	48	Bahrain	0.644		0.713		0.781		0.802	0.802	0.794	0.795	0.796	-4		0		1.02	0.92	0.16	0.15
58	49	Bahamas	..		..		..		..	..	0.791	0.792	0.794	..		0		..	..	..	..
59	50	Belarus	..		..		..		0.730	0.756	0.785	0.789	0.793	12		1		..	..	..	..
60	51	Uruguay	0.664		0.693		0.741		0.744	0.771	0.785	0.789	0.792	3		0		0.42	0.68	0.58	0.55
61	52	Montenegro	..		..		..		0.756	0.775	0.787	0.791	0.791	0		-2		..	..	..	..
62	52	Palau	..		..		0.765		0.786	0.792	0.779	0.786	0.791	-4		2		..	..	0.18	0.27
63	54	Kuwait	0.695		0.712		0.781		0.784	0.787	0.786	0.788	0.790	-4		-1		0.25	0.92	0.06	0.10
64	55	Russian Federation	..		0.730		0.713		0.753	0.770	0.782	0.784	0.788	0		0		..	-0.23	0.93	0.84
65	56	Romania	..		0.706		0.709		0.756	0.772	0.783	0.784	0.786	-3		-1		..	0.05	0.99	0.86
66	57	Bulgaria	0.673		0.704		0.721		0.756	0.766	0.778	0.780	0.782	0		0		0.45	0.24	0.77	0.67
67	57	Saudi Arabia	0.575		0.653		0.717		0.748	0.756	0.777	0.780	0.782	5		0		1.29	0.93	0.81	0.74
68	59	Cuba	0.626		0.681		0.690		0.735	0.770	0.775	0.777	0.780	-4		0		0.83	0.14	1.17	1.02
69	59	Panama	0.634		0.666		0.724		0.746	0.758	0.770	0.776	0.780	1		1		0.49	0.85	0.62	0.62
70	61	Mexico	0.598		0.654		0.723		0.745	0.758	0.770	0.773	0.775	-1		0		0.89	1.00	0.64	0.59
71	62	Costa Rica	0.621		0.663		0.705		0.732	0.744	0.768	0.770	0.773	4		0		0.65	0.62	0.85	0.76
72	63	Grenada	..		..		..		..	..	0.768	0.770	0.770	..		-1		..	..	..	..
73	64	Libya	..		..		..		0.746	0.760	0.773	0.725	0.769	-5		23	b	..	..	..	..
74	64	Malaysia	0.563		0.635		0.712		0.742	0.753	0.763	0.766	0.769	1		1		1.21	1.15	0.69	0.64
75	64	Serbia	..		..		0.726		0.751	0.760	0.767	0.769	0.769	-5		0		..	..	0.56	0.49
76	67	Antigua and Barbuda	..		..		..		..	..	0.761	0.759	0.760	..		-1		..	..	..	..
77	67	Trinidad and Tobago	0.680		0.685		0.707		0.741	0.752	0.758	0.759	0.760	-1		-1		0.08	0.32	0.70	0.60
78	69	Kazakhstan	..		..		0.663		0.721	0.734	0.744	0.750	0.754	2		-1		..	..	1.15	1.08
79	70	Albania	..		0.661		0.698		0.729	0.737	0.746	0.748	0.749	0		-1		..	0.54	0.66	0.59
80	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	0.629		0.635		0.662		0.694	0.712	0.744	0.746	0.748	9		-1		0.11	0.41	1.17	1.03
81	72	Dominica	..		..		0.722		0.732	0.739	0.743	0.744	0.745	-3		0		..	..	0.28	0.26
82	72	Georgia	..		..		..		0.713	0.732	0.735	0.740	0.745	0		3		..	..	..	..
83	72	Lebanon	..		..		..		0.714	0.728	0.743	0.744	0.745	3		0		..	..	..	..
84	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	..		..		..		..	..	0.745	0.745	0.745	..		-1		..	..	..	..
85	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	0.443		0.540		0.654		0.685	0.706	0.740	0.742	0.742	7		-2		1.99	1.94	1.25	1.05
86	77	Peru	0.580		0.619		0.679		0.699	0.716	0.733	0.738	0.741	3		-1		0.65	0.93	0.78	0.73
87	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	..		..		..		0.711	0.719	0.736	0.738	0.740	1		-2		..	..	..	..
88	78	Ukraine	..		0.714		0.673		0.718	0.732	0.733	0.737	0.740	-5		0		..	-0.58	0.85	0.80
89	80	Mauritius	0.551		0.626		0.676		0.708	0.720	0.732	0.735	0.737	-2		-1		1.28	0.77	0.81	0.73
90	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	..		..		..		0.724	0.729	0.733	0.734	0.735	-6		-1		..	..	..	..
91	82	Azerbaijan	..		..		..		..	..	0.734	0.732	0.734	..		-1		..	..	..	..
92	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	..		..		..		..	..	0.731	0.732	0.733	..		-2		..	..	..	..
93	84	Oman	..		..		..		..	..	0.728	0.729	0.731	..		-1		..	..	..	..
94	85	Brazil	0.522		0.590		0.669		0.699	0.710	0.726	0.728	0.730	0		0		1.23	1.26	0.82	0.73
95	85	Jamaica	0.612		0.642		0.679		0.695	0.701	0.727	0.729	0.730	4		-2		0.47	0.57	0.69	0.61
96	87	Armenia	..		0.628		0.648		0.695	0.723	0.722	0.726	0.729	-7		-1		..	0.33	1.08	0.98
97	88	Saint Lucia	..		..		..		..	..	0.723	0.724	0.725	..		0		..	..	..	..
98	89	Ecuador	0.596		0.635		0.659		0.682	0.688	0.719	0.722	0.724	10		0		0.63	0.37	0.89	0.79
99	90	Turkey	0.474		0.569		0.645		0.684	0.702	0.715	0.720	0.722	-1		0		1.85	1.26	1.04	0.95
100	91	Colombia	0.556		0.600		0.658		0.681	0.698	0.714	0.717	0.719	0		0		0.76	0.93	0.82	0.75
101	92	Sri Lanka	0.557		0.608		0.653		0.683	0.693	0.705	0.711	0.715	5		0		0.88	0.72	0.78	0.76
102	93	Algeria	0.461		0.562		0.625		0.680	0.691	0.710	0.711	0.713	5		-1		2.01	1.07	1.28	1.10
103	94	Tunisia	0.459		0.553		0.642		0.679	0.694	0.710	0.710	0.712	2		0		1.87	1.51	1.01	0.86
104	Medium human development
105	95	Tonga	..		0.656		0.689		0.704	0.705	0.709	0.709	0.710	-7		0		..	0.49	0.28	0.25
106	96	Belize	0.621		0.653		0.672		0.694	0.696	0.700	0.701	0.702	-4		0		0.51	0.29	0.40	0.35
107	96	Dominican Republic	0.525		0.584		0.641		0.669	0.683	0.697	0.700	0.702	4		2		1.07	0.93	0.85	0.76
108	96	Fiji	0.572		0.614		0.670		0.693	0.695	0.699	0.700	0.702	-3		2		0.71	0.87	0.43	0.39
109	96	Samoa	..		..		0.663		0.689	0.695	0.699	0.701	0.702	-3		0		..	..	0.52	0.48
110	100	Jordan	0.545		0.592		0.650		0.684	0.695	0.699	0.699	0.700	-7		0		0.83	0.95	0.72	0.62
111	101	China	0.407		0.495		0.590		0.637	0.662	0.689	0.695	0.699	4		0		1.96	1.78	1.55	1.42
112	102	Turkmenistan	..		..		..		..	..	0.688	0.693	0.698	..		0		..	..	..	..
113	103	Thailand	0.490		0.569		0.625		0.662	0.676	0.686	0.686	0.690	-1		1		1.50	0.94	0.93	0.82
114	104	Maldives	..		..		0.592		0.639	0.663	0.683	0.687	0.688	1		-1		..	..	1.43	1.26
115	105	Suriname	..		..		..		0.666	0.672	0.679	0.681	0.684	-2		0		..	..	..	..
116	106	Gabon	0.526		0.610		0.627		0.653	0.662	0.676	0.679	0.683	0		0		1.49	0.27	0.75	0.72
117	107	El Salvador	0.471		0.528		0.620		0.655	0.671	0.678	0.679	0.680	-3		-1		1.14	1.62	0.90	0.78
118	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	0.489		0.557		0.620		0.647	0.652	0.668	0.671	0.675	0		0		1.31	1.08	0.75	0.71
119	108	Mongolia	..		0.559		0.564		0.622	0.638	0.657	0.668	0.675	4		2		..	0.08	1.54	1.51
120	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	..		..		..		..	..	0.662	0.666	0.670	..		1		..	..	..	..
121	111	Paraguay	0.549		0.578		0.617		0.641	0.650	0.668	0.670	0.669	-1		-2		0.52	0.66	0.79	0.67
122	112	Egypt	0.407		0.502		0.593		0.625	0.640	0.661	0.661	0.662	0		0		2.12	1.68	1.08	0.92
123	113	Moldova (Republic of)	..		0.650		0.592		0.636	0.644	0.652	0.657	0.660	-2		0		..	-0.93	0.96	0.91
124	114	Philippines	0.561		0.581		0.610		0.630	0.636	0.649	0.651	0.654	0		0		0.35	0.49	0.61	0.58
125	114	Uzbekistan	..		..		..		0.617	0.630	0.644	0.649	0.654	1		1		..	..	..	..
126	116	Syrian Arab Republic	0.501		0.557		0.596		0.618	0.623	0.646	0.646	0.648	0		0		1.07	0.67	0.80	0.70
127	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	..		..		..		..	..	0.639	0.640	0.645	..		0		..	..	..	..
128	118	Guyana	0.513		0.502		0.578		0.610	0.617	0.628	0.632	0.636	1		1		-0.21	1.41	0.83	0.79
129	119	Botswana	0.449		0.586		0.587		0.604	0.619	0.633	0.634	0.634	-1		-1		2.71	0.00	0.77	0.66
130	120	Honduras	0.456		0.520		0.563		0.582	0.594	0.629	0.630	0.632	3		0		1.33	0.79	1.12	0.97
131	121	Indonesia	0.422		0.479		0.540		0.575	0.595	0.620	0.624	0.629	1		3		1.26	1.21	1.39	1.28
132	121	Kiribati	..		..		..		..	..	0.628	0.627	0.629	..		0		..	..	..	..
133	121	South Africa	0.570		0.621		0.622		0.604	0.609	0.621	0.625	0.629	0		1		0.87	0.01	-0.01	0.11
134	124	Vanuatu	..		..		..		..	..	0.623	0.625	0.626	..		-2		..	..	..	..
135	125	Kyrgyzstan	..		0.609		0.582		0.601	0.612	0.615	0.621	0.622	-3		0		..	-0.45	0.54	0.56
136	125	Tajikistan	..		0.615		0.529		0.582	0.587	0.612	0.618	0.622	3		1		..	-1.50	1.47	1.36
137	127	Viet Nam	..		0.439		0.534		0.573	0.590	0.611	0.614	0.617	0		0		..	1.98	1.37	1.22
138	128	Namibia	..		0.569		0.564		0.579	0.592	0.604	0.606	0.608	-2		0		..	-0.10	0.69	0.64
139	129	Nicaragua	0.461		0.479		0.529		0.572	0.583	0.593	0.597	0.599	0		0		0.37	1.01	1.15	1.04
140	130	Morocco	0.371		0.440		0.512		0.558	0.571	0.586	0.589	0.591	0		0		1.71	1.54	1.35	1.20
141	131	Iraq	..		..		..		0.564	0.567	0.578	0.583	0.590	1		1		..	..	..	..
142	132	Cape Verde	..		..		0.532		..	..	0.581	0.584	0.586	..		-1		..	..	0.88	0.81
143	133	Guatemala	0.432		0.464		0.523		0.551	0.570	0.579	0.580	0.581	-1		0		0.72	1.20	1.02	0.89
144	134	Timor-Leste	..		..		0.418		0.461	0.519	0.565	0.571	0.576	5		0		..	..	3.06	2.71
145	135	Ghana	0.391		0.427		0.461		0.491	0.506	0.540	0.553	0.558	7		0		0.90	0.77	1.58	1.60
146	136	Equatorial Guinea	..		..		0.498		0.523	0.533	0.547	0.551	0.554	-2		0		..	..	0.96	0.90
147	136	India	0.345		0.410		0.463		0.507	0.525	0.547	0.551	0.554	-1		0		1.75	1.23	1.67	1.50
148	138	Cambodia	..		..		0.444		0.501	0.520	0.532	0.538	0.543	-1		0		..	..	1.82	1.68
149	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	..		0.379		0.453		0.494	0.510	0.534	0.538	0.543	3		0		..	1.80	1.66	1.53
150	140	Bhutan	..		..		..		..	..	0.525	0.532	0.538	..		1		..	..	..	..
151	141	Swaziland	..		0.533		0.502		0.504	0.520	0.532	0.536	0.536	-3		-1		..	-0.59	0.58	0.55
152	Low human development
153	142	Congo	0.470		0.510		0.482		0.506	0.511	0.529	0.531	0.534	-1		0		0.82	-0.56	0.94	0.86
154	143	Solomon Islands	..		..		0.486		0.510	0.522	0.522	0.526	0.530	-6		0		..	..	0.70	0.71
155	144	Sao Tome and Principe	..		..		..		0.488	0.503	0.520	0.522	0.525	0		0		..	..	..	..
156	145	Kenya	0.424		0.463		0.447		0.472	0.491	0.511	0.515	0.519	1		0		0.88	-0.33	1.34	1.24
157	146	Bangladesh	0.312		0.361		0.433		0.472	0.488	0.508	0.511	0.515	1		1		1.49	1.83	1.61	1.46
158	146	Pakistan	0.337		0.383		0.419		0.485	0.498	0.512	0.513	0.515	-1		0		1.29	0.89	2.03	1.74
159	148	Angola	..		..		0.375		0.406	0.472	0.502	0.504	0.508	1		0		..	..	2.97	2.56
160	149	Myanmar	0.281		0.305		0.382		0.435	0.464	0.490	0.494	0.498	1		0		0.83	2.27	2.52	2.23
161	150	Cameroon	0.373		0.431		0.429		0.453	0.459	0.488	0.492	0.495	1		0		1.46	-0.05	1.29	1.20
162	151	Madagascar	..		..		0.428		0.467	0.478	0.484	0.483	0.483	-3		0		..	..	1.24	1.02
163	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	..		0.353		0.369		0.395	0.408	0.466	0.470	0.476	15		1		..	0.43	2.36	2.15
164	153	Nigeria	..		..		..		0.434	0.448	0.462	0.467	0.471	1		1		..	..	..	..
165	154	Senegal	0.322		0.368		0.405		0.441	0.454	0.470	0.471	0.470	-2		-2		1.32	0.97	1.50	1.25
166	155	Mauritania	0.340		0.357		0.418		0.441	0.454	0.464	0.464	0.467	-3		0		0.48	1.61	1.04	0.92
167	156	Papua New Guinea	0.324		0.368		0.415		0.429	..	0.458	0.462	0.466	1		0		1.29	1.22	0.99	0.96
168	157	Nepal	0.234		0.341		0.401		0.429	0.440	0.458	0.460	0.463	2		0		3.85	1.62	1.35	1.21
169	158	Lesotho	0.422		0.474		0.429		0.425	0.431	0.452	0.456	0.461	2		1		1.18	-0.99	0.53	0.61
170	159	Togo	0.357		0.382		0.426		0.436	0.442	0.452	0.455	0.459	-2		1		0.67	1.11	0.60	0.62
171	160	Yemen	..		0.286		0.376		0.428	0.444	0.466	0.459	0.458	-4		-2		..	2.78	2.16	1.66
172	161	Haiti	0.335		0.399		0.422		0.437	..	0.450	0.453	0.456	-6		1		1.77	0.56	0.64	0.65
173	161	Uganda	..		0.306		0.375		0.408	0.427	0.450	0.454	0.456	0		0		..	2.06	1.84	1.65
174	163	Zambia	0.405		0.398		0.376		0.399	0.411	0.438	0.443	0.448	3		0		-0.18	-0.56	1.52	1.46
175	164	Djibouti	..		..		..		0.405	0.419	0.431	0.442	0.445	0		0		..	..	..	..
176	165	Gambia	0.279		0.323		0.360		0.375	0.383	0.437	0.440	0.439	5		0		1.47	1.09	1.95	1.65
177	166	Benin	0.253		0.314		0.380		0.414	0.420	0.432	0.434	0.436	-3		0		2.16	1.95	1.28	1.14
178	167	Rwanda	0.277		0.233		0.314		0.377	0.400	0.425	0.429	0.434	2		0		-1.74	3.05	3.07	2.73
179	168	Côte d'Ivoire	0.348		0.360		0.392		0.405	0.412	0.427	0.426	0.432	-3		1		0.34	0.85	0.86	0.81
180	169	Comoros	..		..		..		0.425	0.425	0.426	0.428	0.429	-7		-1		..	..	..	..
181	170	Malawi	0.272		0.295		0.352		0.363	0.381	0.413	0.415	0.418	1		1		0.83	1.78	1.61	1.44
182	171	Sudan	0.269		0.301		0.364		0.390	0.401	0.411	0.419	0.414	-3		-1		1.15	1.89	1.22	1.08
183	172	Zimbabwe	0.367		0.427		0.376		0.352	0.355	0.374	0.387	0.397	0		1		1.53	-1.26	-0.04	0.46
184	173	Ethiopia	..		..		0.275		0.316	0.350	0.387	0.392	0.396	1		-1		..	..	3.49	3.09
185	174	Liberia	0.298		..		0.304		0.301	0.334	0.367	0.381	0.388	3		0		..	..	1.88	2.04
186	175	Afghanistan	0.209		0.246		0.236		0.322	0.346	0.368	0.371	0.374	0		0		1.63	-0.41	4.54	3.91
187	176	Guinea-Bissau	..		..		..		0.348	0.355	0.361	0.364	0.364	-4		0		..	..	..	..
188	177	Sierra Leone	0.255		0.247		0.244		0.315	0.331	0.346	0.348	0.359	1		2		-0.28	-0.15	3.58	3.29
189	178	Burundi	0.217		0.272		0.270		0.298	0.323	0.348	0.352	0.355	2		-1		2.26	-0.07	2.59	2.31
190	178	Guinea	..		..		..		0.331	0.342	0.349	0.352	0.355	-2		-1		..	..	..	..
191	180	Central African Republic	0.285		0.312		0.294		0.308	0.316	0.344	0.348	0.352	2		-1		0.94	-0.59	1.59	1.50
192	181	Eritrea	..		..		..		..	..	0.342	0.346	0.351	..		1		..	..	..	..
193	182	Mali	0.176		0.204		0.270		0.312	0.328	0.344	0.347	0.344	-2		-1		1.50	2.86	2.45	2.04
194	183	Burkina Faso	..		..		..		0.301	0.314	0.334	0.340	0.343	1		0		..	..	..	..
195	184	Chad	..		..		0.290		0.317	0.319	0.336	0.336	0.340	-2		0		..	..	1.47	1.32
196	185	Mozambique	0.217		0.202		0.247		0.287	0.301	0.318	0.322	0.327	0		0		-0.70	2.00	2.57	2.37
197	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	0.286		0.297		0.234		0.258	0.280	0.295	0.299	0.304	0		0		0.37	-2.34	2.35	2.19
198	186	Niger	0.179		0.198		0.234		0.269	0.278	0.298	0.297	0.304	1		1		0.98	1.72	2.42	2.20
199	Other countries or territories
200		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..		..		..	..	..	..
201		Marshall Islands	..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..		..		..	..	..	..
202		Monaco	..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..		..		..	..	..	..
203		Nauru	..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..		..		..	..	..	..
204		San Marino	..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..		..		..	..	..	..
205		Somalia	..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..		..		..	..	..	..
206		South Sudan	..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..		..		..	..	..	..
207		Tuvalu	..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..		..		..	..	..	..
208	Human Development Index groups
209		Very high human development	0.773		0.817		0.867		0.889	0.896	0.902	0.904	0.905	—		—		0.56	0.59	0.40	0.36
210		High human development	0.605	c	0.656	c	0.695		0.725	0.738	0.753	0.755	0.758	—		—		0.81	0.58	0.80	0.72
211		Medium human development	0.419	c	0.481		0.549		0.589	0.609	0.631	0.636	0.640	—		—		1.38	1.32	1.41	1.29
212		Low human development	0.315		0.350		0.385		0.424	0.442	0.461	0.464	0.466	—		—		1.05	0.95	1.82	1.62
213	Regions
214		Arab States	0.443		0.517		0.583		0.622	0.633	0.648	0.650	0.652	—		—		1.56	1.21	1.07	0.94
215		East Asia and the Pacific	0.432	c	0.502	c	0.584		0.626	0.649	0.673	0.678	0.683	—		—		1.51	1.51	1.43	1.31
216		Europe and Central Asia	0.651	c	0.701	c	0.709		0.743	0.757	0.766	0.769	0.771	—		—		0.74	0.12	0.77	0.70
217		Latin America and the Caribbean	0.574		0.623		0.683		0.708	0.722	0.736	0.739	0.741	—		—		0.83	0.93	0.74	0.67
218		South Asia	0.357		0.418		0.470		0.514	0.531	0.552	0.555	0.558	—		—		1.58	1.19	1.60	1.43
219		Sub-Saharan Africa	0.366		0.387		0.405		0.432	0.449	0.468	0.472	0.475	—		—		0.58	0.44	1.47	1.34
220		Least developed countries	0.290	c	0.327	c	0.367		0.401	0.421	0.443	0.446	0.449	—		—		1.22	1.15	1.91	1.70
221		SIDS	0.530	c	0.571	c	0.600	c	0.623	0.658	0.645	0.647	0.648	—		—		0.75	0.50	0.73	0.65
222		World	0.561	c	0.600		0.639		0.666	0.678	0.690	0.692	0.694	—		—		0.68	0.64	0.77	0.68
223
224		NOTES
225		a. A positive value indicates an improvement in rank.
226		b. The substantial change in rank is due to an updated International Monetary Fund estimate of Libya’s GDP growth in 2011.
227		c. Based on fewer than half the countries in the group or region.
228
229		DEFINITIONS
230		Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development—a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. See Technical note 1 for details on how the HDI is calculated.
231		Average annual HDI growth: A smoothed annualized growth of the HDI in a given period calculated as the annual compound growth rate.
232
233
234		MAIN DATA SOURCES
235		Columns 1-8: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2011), Barro and Lee (2011), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012), World Bank (2012a) and IMF (2012).
236		Columns 9-14: Calculated based on Human Development Index values in the relevant year.


1
2		Table 3: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
3
4			Human Development Index (HDI)	Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI)				Inequality-adjusted life expectancy index		Inequality-adjusted education index			Inequality-adjusted income index
5			Value	Value	Overall loss (%)	Difference in ranks		Value	Loss (%)	Value		Loss (%)	Value		Loss (%)		Quintile income ratio		Income Gini coefficient
6	HDI rank		2012	2012	2012	2012	a	2012	2012	2012	b	2012	2012	b	2012		2000-2010	c	2000-2010	c

7	Very high human development
8	1	Norway	0.955	0.894	6.4	0		0.928	3.7	0.968		2.2	0.797		12.8		3.9		25.8
9	2	Australia	0.938	0.864	7.9	0		0.930	4.7	0.965		1.7	0.719		16.6		..		..
10	3	United States	0.937	0.821	12.4	-13		0.863	6.6	0.941		5.3	0.681		24.1	d	8.4		40.8
11	4	Netherlands	0.921	0.857	6.9	0		0.916	4.3	0.897		3.9	0.766		12.3		..		..
12	5	Germany	0.920	0.856	6.9	0		0.915	4.0	0.927		1.8	0.741		14.5		4.3		28.3
13	6	New Zealand	0.919	..	..	..		0.907	5.2	..		..	..		..		..		..
14	7	Ireland	0.916	0.850	7.2	0		0.915	4.3	0.933		3.2	0.720		13.8		5.7		34.3
15	7	Sweden	0.916	0.859	6.2	3		0.937	3.3	0.878		3.8	0.772		11.2		4.0		25.0
16	9	Switzerland	0.913	0.849	7.0	1		0.942	4.1	0.856		2.0	0.760		14.3		5.5		33.7
17	10	Japan	0.912	..	..	..		0.965	3.5	..		..	..		..		..		..
18	11	Canada	0.911	0.832	8.7	-4		0.913	5.0	0.879		3.2	0.718		17.1		5.5		32.6
19	12	Korea (Republic of)	0.909	0.758	16.5	-18		0.915	4.3	0.702		25.5	0.679		18.4		..		..
20	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	0.906	..	..	..		0.962	2.9	..		..	..		..		..		..
21	13	Iceland	0.906	0.848	6.4	3		0.945	3.0	0.889		2.5	0.727		13.2		..		..
22	15	Denmark	0.901	0.845	6.2	3		0.887	4.4	0.891		3.1	0.764		11.0		..		..
23	16	Israel	0.900	0.790	12.3	-8		0.935	3.9	0.840		7.9	0.627		23.7		7.9		39.2
24	17	Belgium	0.897	0.825	8.0	-1		0.903	4.4	0.822		7.6	0.756		11.9		4.9		33.0
25	18	Austria	0.895	0.837	6.6	3		0.919	4.2	0.838		2.5	0.760		12.7		4.4		29.2
26	18	Singapore	0.895	..	..	..		0.935	2.9	..		..	..		..		..		..
27	20	France	0.893	0.812	9.0	-2		0.930	4.2	0.788		9.4	0.732		13.3		..		..
28	21	Finland	0.892	0.839	6.0	6		0.909	3.9	0.859		2.4	0.757		11.3		3.8		26.9
29	21	Slovenia	0.892	0.840	5.8	7		0.898	4.1	0.905		3.3	0.729		9.9		4.8		31.2
30	23	Spain	0.885	0.796	10.1	-1		0.930	4.1	0.823		5.5	0.659		19.7		6.0		34.7
31	24	Liechtenstein	0.883	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
32	25	Italy	0.881	0.776	11.9	-4		0.937	3.9	0.740		13.1	0.673		18.1		6.5		36.0
33	26	Luxembourg	0.875	0.813	7.2	4		0.913	3.5	0.729		6.3	0.807		11.6		4.6		30.8
34	26	United Kingdom	0.875	0.802	8.3	2		0.903	4.8	0.806		2.6	0.709		16.9		..		..
35	28	Czech Republic	0.873	0.826	5.4	9		0.874	3.9	0.904		1.3	0.712		10.7		..		..
36	29	Greece	0.860	0.760	11.5	-3		0.899	4.8	0.759		11.3	0.644		18.1		6.2		34.3
37	30	Brunei Darussalam	0.855	..	..	..		0.862	5.8	..		..	..		..		..		..
38	31	Cyprus	0.848	0.751	11.5	-4		0.901	4.1	0.672		16.3	0.698		13.6		..		..
39	32	Malta	0.847	0.778	8.2	3		0.893	5.1	0.771		5.5	0.683		13.6		..		..
40	33	Andorra	0.846	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
41	33	Estonia	0.846	0.770	9.0	2		0.813	6.0	0.894		2.6	0.627		17.7		6.4		36.0
42	35	Slovakia	0.840	0.788	6.3	6		0.825	5.7	0.856		1.5	0.692		11.3		3.6		26.0
43	36	Qatar	0.834	..	..	..		0.854	7.2	..		..	..		..		13.3		41.1
44	37	Hungary	0.831	0.769	7.4	3		0.810	5.7	0.854		4.1	0.658		12.2		4.8		31.2
45	38	Barbados	0.825	..	..	..		0.814	9.2	..		..	..		..		..		..
46	39	Poland	0.821	0.740	9.9	0		0.834	5.8	0.767		6.3	0.634		17.1		5.5		34.1
47	40	Chile	0.819	0.664	19.0	-10		0.871	6.6	0.689		13.7	0.488		34.1		13.5		52.1
48	41	Lithuania	0.818	0.727	11.0	-1		0.767	7.2	0.830		5.0	0.605		20.1		6.7		37.6
49	41	United Arab Emirates	0.818	..	..	..		0.836	6.3	..		..	..		..		..		..
50	43	Portugal	0.816	0.729	10.8	1		0.893	4.9	0.700		5.6	0.619		20.8		..		..
51	44	Latvia	0.814	0.726	10.9	-1		0.784	7.1	0.837		3.6	0.583		20.9		6.6		36.6
52	45	Argentina	0.811	0.653	19.5	-8		0.796	9.7	0.716		12.1	0.487		34.4		11.3		44.5
53	46	Seychelles	0.806	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		18.8		65.8
54	47	Croatia	0.805	0.683	15.1	-3		0.845	5.5	0.703		10.4	0.537		27.8		5.2		33.7
55	High human development
56	48	Bahrain	0.796	..	..	..		0.815	6.2	..		..	..		..		..		..
57	49	Bahamas	0.794	..	..	..		0.783	10.9	..		..	..		..		..		..
58	50	Belarus	0.793	0.727	8.3	3		0.737	7.4	0.819		5.4	0.636		12.1		4.0		27.2
59	51	Uruguay	0.792	0.662	16.4	-4		0.815	9.3	0.682		10.8	0.521		27.9		10.3		45.3
60	52	Montenegro	0.791	0.733	7.4	8		0.803	6.8	0.817		2.5	0.600		12.6		4.6		30.0
61	52	Palau	0.791	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
62	54	Kuwait	0.790	..	..	..		0.803	6.7	..		..	..		..		..		..
63	55	Russian Federation	0.788	..	..	..		0.689	10.8	..		..	0.647		11.9		7.3		40.1
64	56	Romania	0.786	0.687	12.6	2		0.770	9.6	0.779		5.0	0.540		22.2		4.6		30.0
65	57	Bulgaria	0.782	0.704	9.9	5		0.776	7.8	0.760		6.1	0.592		15.4		4.3		28.2
66	57	Saudi Arabia	0.782	..	..	..		0.754	11.5	..		..	..		..		..		..
67	59	Cuba	0.780	..	..	..		0.882	5.4	..		..	..		..		..		..
68	59	Panama	0.780	0.588	24.6	-15		0.776	12.4	0.609		17.8	0.431		40.5		17.1		51.9
69	61	Mexico	0.775	0.593	23.4	-12		0.801	10.9	0.564		21.9	0.463		35.6		11.3		48.3
70	62	Costa Rica	0.773	0.606	21.5	-10		0.862	7.8	0.601		15.7	0.430		37.9		14.5		50.7
71	63	Grenada	0.770	..	..	..		0.798	9.6	..		..	..		..		..		..
72	64	Libya	0.769	..	..	..		0.782	9.7	..		..	..		..		..		..
73	64	Malaysia	0.769	..	..	..		0.799	6.7	..		..	..		..		11.3		46.2
74	64	Serbia	0.769	0.696	9.5	8		0.788	8.3	0.709		9.9	0.603		10.3		4.2		27.8
75	67	Antigua and Barbuda	0.760	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
76	67	Trinidad and Tobago	0.760	0.644	15.3	-3		0.660	16.6	0.652		6.6	0.621		21.9		..		..
77	69	Kazakhstan	0.754	0.652	13.6	3		0.624	16.2	0.781		6.9	0.567		17.3		4.2		29.0
78	70	Albania	0.749	0.645	13.9	0		0.797	11.2	0.640		11.9	0.526		18.3		5.3		34.5
79	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	0.748	0.549	26.6	-17		0.754	12.2	0.571		18.1	0.385		44.9		11.5		44.8
80	72	Dominica	0.745	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
81	72	Georgia	0.745	0.631	15.3	-2		0.720	15.1	0.814		3.3	0.428		25.9		8.9		41.3
82	72	Lebanon	0.745	0.575	22.8	-9		0.718	13.5	0.531		24.1	0.498		30.0		..		..
83	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	0.745	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
84	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	0.742	..	..	..		0.703	16.1	..		..	..		..		7.0		38.3
85	77	Peru	0.741	0.561	24.3	-10		0.727	14.8	0.538		24.6	0.452		32.5		13.5		48.1
86	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	0.740	0.631	14.7	2		0.784	9.4	0.612		12.3	0.524		21.8		9.5		43.2
87	78	Ukraine	0.740	0.672	9.2	13		0.687	10.5	0.808		6.1	0.548		10.9		3.8		26.4
88	80	Mauritius	0.737	0.639	13.3	5		0.760	9.8	0.570		13.5	0.602		16.6		..		..
89	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.735	0.650	11.5	11		0.794	9.6	0.668		5.2	0.518		19.2		6.5		36.2
90	82	Azerbaijan	0.734	0.650	11.4	11		0.636	20.6	0.697		8.3	0.620		4.5		5.3		33.7
91	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0.733	..	..	..		0.710	14.0	..		..	..		..		..		..
92	84	Oman	0.731	..	..	..		0.777	7.2	..		..	..		..		..		..
93	85	Brazil	0.730	0.531	27.2	-12		0.725	14.4	0.503		25.3	0.411		39.7		20.6		54.7
94	85	Jamaica	0.730	0.591	19.1	2		0.710	15.3	0.669		10.6	0.434		30.1		9.6		45.5
95	87	Armenia	0.729	0.649	10.9	13		0.728	14.9	0.735		3.7	0.510		13.9		4.5		30.9
96	88	Saint Lucia	0.725	..	..	..		0.773	10.4	..		..	..		..		..		..
97	89	Ecuador	0.724	0.537	25.8	-8		0.754	14.1	0.529		22.1	0.390		38.8		12.5		49.3
98	90	Turkey	0.722	0.560	22.5	-1		0.743	12.8	0.442		27.4	0.534		26.5		7.9		39.0
99	91	Colombia	0.719	0.519	27.8	-11		0.732	13.7	0.523		21.5	0.366		44.5		20.1		55.9
100	92	Sri Lanka	0.715	0.607	15.1	11		0.786	9.4	0.618		14.6	0.461		20.8		6.9		40.3
101	93	Algeria	0.713	..	..	..		0.717	14.5	..		..	..		..		..		..
102	94	Tunisia	0.712	..	..	..		0.752	12.6	..		..	..		..		8.1		41.4
103	Medium human development
104	95	Tonga	0.710	..	..	..		0.712	13.8	..		..	..		..		..		..
105	96	Belize	0.702	..	..	..		0.777	12.2	..		..	..		..		..		..
106	96	Dominican Republic	0.702	0.510	27.3	-15		0.708	16.0	0.458		26.8	0.410		37.6		11.3		47.2
107	96	Fiji	0.702	..	..	..		0.676	13.0	..		..	..		..		8.0		42.8
108	96	Samoa	0.702	..	..	..		0.718	13.4	..		..	..		..		..		..
109	100	Jordan	0.700	0.568	19.0	5		0.732	13.1	0.541		22.4	0.462		21.1		5.7		35.4
110	101	China	0.699	0.543	22.4	0		0.731	13.5	0.481		23.2	0.455		29.5		9.6		42.5
111	102	Turkmenistan	0.698	..	..	..		0.521	26.7	..		..	..		..		..		..
112	103	Thailand	0.690	0.543	21.3	0		0.768	10.1	0.491		18.0	0.424		34.0		7.1		40.0
113	104	Maldives	0.688	0.515	25.2	-8		0.834	7.3	0.335		41.2	0.489		23.2		6.8		37.4
114	105	Suriname	0.684	0.526	23.0	-2		0.680	15.0	0.504		20.1	0.426		32.8		..		..
115	106	Gabon	0.683	0.550	19.5	6		0.489	27.8	0.611		7.3	0.556		22.1		7.8		41.5
116	107	El Salvador	0.680	0.499	26.6	-11		0.699	15.2	0.429		32.4	0.415		31.1		14.3		48.3
117	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	0.675	0.444	34.2	-12		0.553	25.1	0.537		27.6	0.294		47.4		27.8		56.3
118	108	Mongolia	0.675	0.568	15.9	13		0.623	18.8	0.661		8.9	0.444		19.7		6.2		36.5
119	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	0.670	..	..	..		0.725	13.1	..		..	..		..		5.8		35.5
120	111	Paraguay	0.669	..	..	..		0.681	17.8	..		..	0.374		33.4		17.3		52.4
121	112	Egypt	0.662	0.503	24.1	-7		0.724	13.9	0.347		40.9	0.505		14.2		4.4		30.8
122	113	Moldova (Republic of)	0.660	0.584	11.6	18		0.693	11.2	0.670		6.1	0.429		17.0		5.3		33.0
123	114	Philippines	0.654	0.524	19.9	4		0.654	15.2	0.587		13.5	0.375		30.0		8.3		43.0
124	114	Uzbekistan	0.654	0.551	15.8	13		0.578	24.3	0.706		1.4	0.409		20.1		6.2		36.7
125	116	Syrian Arab Republic	0.648	0.515	20.4	3		0.793	10.0	0.372		31.5	0.464		18.3		5.7		35.8
126	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	0.645	..	..	..		0.625	19.2	..		..	..		..		40.2		61.1
127	118	Guyana	0.636	0.514	19.1	2		0.618	21.7	0.559		10.5	0.393		24.4		..		..
128	119	Botswana	0.634	..	..	..		0.394	24.3	..		..	..		..		..		..
129	120	Honduras	0.632	0.458	27.5	-3		0.694	17.4	0.413		28.2	0.335		35.8		29.7		57.0
130	121	Indonesia	0.629	0.514	18.3	3		0.652	16.8	0.459		20.4	0.453		17.7		5.1		34.0
131	121	Kiribati	0.629	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
132	121	South Africa	0.629	..	..	..		0.376	28.4	0.558		20.8	..		..		25.3		63.1
133	124	Vanuatu	0.626	..	..	..		0.681	15.6	..		..	..		..		..		..
134	125	Kyrgyzstan	0.622	0.516	17.1	8		0.606	19.8	0.674		6.5	0.336		24.1		6.4		36.2
135	125	Tajikistan	0.622	0.507	18.4	2		0.548	27.2	0.623		12.2	0.383		15.0		4.7		30.8
136	127	Viet Nam	0.617	0.531	14.0	14		0.755	13.4	0.447		17.1	0.444		11.4		5.9		35.6
137	128	Namibia	0.608	0.344	43.5	-16		0.528	21.1	0.402		27.8	0.191		68.3		21.8		63.9
138	129	Nicaragua	0.599	0.434	27.5	1		0.735	13.9	0.351		33.3	0.317		33.6		7.6		40.5
139	130	Morocco	0.591	0.415	29.7	0		0.686	16.7	0.243		45.8	0.430		23.0		7.3		40.9
140	131	Iraq	0.590	..	..	..		0.622	20.3	0.334		33.0	..		..		4.6		30.9
141	132	Cape Verde	0.586	..	..	..		0.746	12.7	..		..	..		..		12.3		50.5
142	133	Guatemala	0.581	0.389	33.1	-3		0.659	18.6	0.280		36.1	0.318		42.5		19.6		55.9
143	134	Timor-Leste	0.576	0.386	33.0	-3		0.471	30.2	0.251		47.6	0.485		17.8		4.6		31.9
144	135	Ghana	0.558	0.379	32.2	-3		0.508	27.5	0.352		40.9	0.303		27.2		9.3		42.8
145	136	Equatorial Guinea	0.554	..	..	..		0.270	45.4	..		..	..		..		..		..
146	136	India	0.554	0.392	29.3	1		0.525	27.1	0.264		42.4	0.434		15.8		4.9		33.4
147	138	Cambodia	0.543	0.402	25.9	3		0.488	28.8	0.372		28.3	0.358		20.3		6.1		37.9
148	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	0.543	0.409	24.7	4		0.589	21.7	0.311		31.2	0.374		20.6		5.9		36.7
149	140	Bhutan	0.538	0.430	20.0	8		0.568	24.1	0.312		12.2	0.450		23.1		6.8		38.1
150	141	Swaziland	0.536	0.346	35.4	-3		0.296	35.0	0.409		29.8	0.343		40.9		14.0		51.5
151	Low human development
152	142	Congo	0.534	0.368	31.1	1		0.374	37.0	0.384		25.4	0.348		30.3		10.7		47.3
153	143	Solomon Islands	0.530	..	..	..		0.602	20.7	..		..	..		..		..		..
154	144	Sao Tome and Principe	0.525	0.358	31.7	1		0.503	28.8	0.379		20.0	0.241		44.2		10.8		50.8
155	145	Kenya	0.519	0.344	33.6	-2		0.390	34.1	0.405		30.7	0.259		36.0		11.0		47.7
156	146	Bangladesh	0.515	0.374	27.4	5		0.595	23.2	0.252		39.4	0.350		17.7		4.7		32.1
157	146	Pakistan	0.515	0.356	30.9	2		0.487	32.3	0.217		45.2	0.426		11.0		4.2		30.0
158	148	Angola	0.508	0.285	43.9	-12		0.267	46.1	0.303		34.6	0.286		50.0		30.9		58.6
159	149	Myanmar	0.498	..	..	..		0.537	25.3	..		..	..		..		..		..
160	150	Cameroon	0.495	0.330	33.4	-1		0.288	43.0	0.346		35.3	0.361		19.9		6.9		38.9
161	151	Madagascar	0.483	0.335	30.7	1		0.549	25.6	0.342		30.1	0.199		36.1		9.3		44.1
162	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	0.476	0.346	27.3	5		0.414	32.4	0.326		28.3	0.307		20.9		6.6		37.6
163	153	Nigeria	0.471	0.276	41.4	-13		0.286	43.8	0.250		45.2	0.295		34.5		12.2		48.8
164	154	Senegal	0.470	0.315	33.0	2		0.432	30.7	0.223		44.6	0.325		21.6		7.4		39.2
165	155	Mauritania	0.467	0.306	34.4	1		0.391	36.2	0.212		42.1	0.346		23.8		7.8		40.5
166	156	Papua New Guinea	0.466	..	..	..		0.508	25.2	..		..	..		..		..		..
167	157	Nepal	0.463	0.304	34.2	0		0.622	19.5	0.202		43.6	0.225		37.4		5.0		32.8
168	158	Lesotho	0.461	0.296	35.9	-1		0.297	34.3	0.379		24.3	0.229		47.0		19.0		52.5
169	159	Togo	0.459	0.305	33.5	3		0.371	37.2	0.291		41.5	0.263		20.0		5.6		34.4
170	160	Yemen	0.458	0.310	32.3	6		0.541	25.1	0.156		49.8	0.353		17.6		6.3		37.7
171	161	Haiti	0.456	0.273	40.2	-7		0.461	30.9	0.241		40.7	0.182		47.9		26.6		59.2
172	161	Uganda	0.456	0.303	33.6	3		0.331	39.1	0.327		32.2	0.257		29.1		8.7		44.3
173	163	Zambia	0.448	0.283	36.7	-2		0.269	41.9	0.383		23.8	0.221		42.6	e	16.6		54.6
174	164	Djibouti	0.445	0.285	36.0	1		0.380	36.9	0.166		47.0	0.365		21.7		7.7		40.0
175	165	Gambia	0.439	..	..	..		0.404	33.9	..		..	..		..		11.0		47.3
176	166	Benin	0.436	0.280	35.8	-1		0.343	40.3	0.213		42.0	0.301		23.6		6.6		38.6
177	167	Rwanda	0.434	0.287	33.9	6		0.330	41.3	0.285		29.4	0.251		30.2		12.7		53.1
178	168	Côte d'Ivoire	0.432	0.265	38.6	-3		0.352	37.8	0.197		43.2	0.268		34.4		8.5		41.5
179	169	Comoros	0.429	..	..	..		0.440	32.6	0.189		47.4	..		..		26.7		64.3
180	170	Malawi	0.418	0.287	31.4	7		0.329	39.9	0.309		30.2	0.232		23.1		6.6		39.0
181	171	Sudan	0.414	..	..	..		0.440	33.0	..		..	..		..		6.2		35.3
182	172	Zimbabwe	0.397	0.284	28.5	5		0.357	30.6	0.469		17.8	0.137		35.8		..		..
183	173	Ethiopia	0.396	0.269	31.9	1		0.404	35.4	0.179		38.3	0.271		20.8		4.3		29.8
184	174	Liberia	0.388	0.251	35.3	0		0.367	37.6	0.230		46.4	0.188		19.0		7.0		38.2
185	175	Afghanistan	0.374	..	..	..		0.225	50.9	0.205		39.3	..		..		4.0		27.8
186	176	Guinea-Bissau	0.364	0.213	41.4	-3		0.224	50.1	0.185		40.3	0.234		32.5		5.9		35.5
187	177	Sierra Leone	0.359	0.210	41.6	-3		0.242	45.3	0.171		47.4	0.222		31.0		8.1		42.5
188	178	Burundi	0.355	..	..	..		0.264	45.6	..		..	..		..		4.8		33.3
189	178	Guinea	0.355	0.217	38.8	0		0.311	42.7	0.145		42.0	0.228		31.1		7.3		39.4
190	180	Central African Republic	0.352	0.209	40.5	-2		0.247	46.0	0.176		45.9	0.210		28.1		18.0		56.3
191	181	Eritrea	0.351	..	..	..		0.485	26.6	..		..	..		..		..		..
192	182	Mali	0.344	..	..	..		0.269	46.3	0.162		36.9	..		..		5.2		33.0
193	183	Burkina Faso	0.343	0.226	34.2	4		0.329	41.7	0.125		36.2	0.281		23.4		7.0		39.8
194	184	Chad	0.340	0.203	40.1	-1		0.226	52.0	0.126		43.4	0.295		21.0		7.4		39.8
195	185	Mozambique	0.327	0.220	32.7	5		0.286	40.8	0.182		18.2	0.205		37.0	f	9.8		45.7
196	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	0.304	0.183	39.9	-1		0.226	50.0	0.249		31.2	0.108		36.8		9.3		44.4
197	186	Niger	0.304	0.200	34.2	0		0.317	42.6	0.107		39.5	0.236		17.9		5.3		34.6
198	Other countries or territories
199		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	..	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
200		Marshall Islands	..	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
201		Monaco	..	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
202		Nauru	..	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
203		San Marino	..	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
204		Somalia	..	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
205		South Sudan	..	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		45.5
206		Tuvalu	..	..	..	..		..	..	..		..	..		..		..		..
207	Human Development Index groups
208		Very high human development	0.905	0.807	10.8	—		0.897	5.2	0.851		6.8	0.688		19.8		—		—
209		High human development	0.758	0.602	20.6	—		0.736	12.4	0.592		19.9	0.500		28.6		—		—
210		Medium human development	0.640	0.485	24.2	—		0.633	19.3	0.395		30.2	0.456		22.7		—		—
211		Low human development	0.466	0.310	33.5	—		0.395	35.7	0.246		38.7	0.307		25.6		—		—
212	Regions
213		Arab States	0.652	0.486	25.4	—		0.669	16.7	0.320		39.6	0.538		17.5		—		—
214		East Asia and the Pacific	0.683	0.537	21.3	—		0.711	14.2	0.480		21.9	0.455		27.2		—		—
215		Europe and Central Asia	0.771	0.672	12.9	—		0.716	11.7	0.713		10.5	0.594		16.3		—		—
216		Latin America and the Caribbean	0.741	0.550	25.7	—		0.744	13.4	0.532		23.0	0.421		38.5		—		—
217		South Asia	0.558	0.395	29.1	—		0.531	27.0	0.267		42.0	0.436		15.9		—		—
218		Sub-Saharan Africa	0.475	0.309	35.0	—		0.335	39.0	0.285		35.3	0.308		30.4		—		—
219
220		Least developed countries	0.449	0.303	32.5	—		0.406	34.6	0.240		36.2	0.287		26.1		—		—
221		Small island developing states	0.648	0.459	29.2	—		0.633	19.2	0.412		30.1	0.370		37.2		—		—
222		World	0.694	0.532	23.3	—		0.638	19.0	0.453		27.0	0.522		23.5		—		—
223
224		NOTES
225		a. Based on countries for which the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index is calculated.
226		b. The list of surveys used for estimation of inequalities is available at http://hdr.undp.org.
227		c. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
228		d. Based on the 2010 Current Population Survey (from the Luxembourg Income Study database). In the 2011 Human Development Report income inequality was based on the 2005 American Community Survey (from the World Bank's International Income Distribution Database). The two sources seem to be inconsistent.
229		e Based on simulated income distribution from the 2007 Demographic and Health Survey. In the 2011 Human Development Report the inequality in consumption was used based on the 2002-2003 Living Conditions Monitoring Survey.
230		f Based on simulated income distribution from the 2009 Demographic and Health Survey. In the 2011 Human Development Report the inequality in consumption was used based on the 2003 National household survey of Living Conditions.
231
232		DEFINITIONS
233		Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development—a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. See Technical note 1 for details on how the HDI is calculated.
234		Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI): HDI value adjusted for inequalities in the three basic dimensions of human development. See Technical note 2 for details on how the IHDI is calculated.
235		Overall loss: The loss in potential human development due to inequality, calculated as the percentage difference between the HDI and the IHDI.
236		Inequality-adjusted life expectancy index: The HDI life expectancy index adjusted for inequality in distribution of expected length of life based on data from life tables listed in Main data sources.
237		Inequality-adjusted education index: The HDI education index adjusted for inequality in distribution of years of schooling based on data from household surveys listed in Main data sources.
238		Inequality-adjusted income index: The HDI income index adjusted for inequality in income distribution based on data from household surveys listed in Main data sources.
239		Quintile income ratio: Ratio of the share of income of the richest 20 percent of the population to the share of income of the poorest 20 percent of the population.
240		Income Gini coefficient: Measure of the deviation of the distribution of income (or consumption) among individuals or households within a country from a perfectly equal distribution. A value of 0 represents absolute equality, a value of 100 absolute inequality.
241
242		MAIN DATA SOURCES
243		Column 1: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2011), Barro and Lee (2011), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012), World Bank (2012a) and IMF (2012).
244		Column 2: Calculated as the geometric mean of the values in columns 5, 7 and 9 using the methodology in Technical note 2.
245		Column 3: Calculated based on data in columns 1 and 2.
246		Column 4: Calculated based on data in column 2 and recalculated HDI ranks for countries with the IHDI.
247		Column 5: Calculated based on abridged life tables from UNDESA (2011).
248		Column 6: Calculated based on data in column 5 and the unadjusted life expectancy index.
249		Columns 7 and 9: Calculated based on data from LIS (2012), Eurostat (2012), the World Bank (2012b), UNICEF (2002-2012), and ICF Macro (2012) using the methodology in Technical note 2.
250		Column 8: Calculated based on data in column 7 and the unadjusted education index.
251		Column 10: Calculated based on data in column 9 and the unadjusted income index.
252		Columns 11 and 12: World Bank (2012a).


1	Table 4: Gender Inequality Index
2
3			Gender Inequality Index		Maternal mortality ratio	a	Adolescent fertility rate	b	Seats in national parliament	c	Population with at least secondary education (% ages 25 and older)				Labour force participation rate (% ages 15 and older)
4			Rank	Value	(deaths per 100,000 live births)		(births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)		(% female)		Female		Male		Female	Male

5			2012	2012	2010		2012	d	2012		2006-2010	e	2006-2010	e	2011	2011
6	VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
7	1	Norway	5	0.065	7		7.4		39.6		95.6		94.7		61.7	70.1
8	2	Australia	17	0.115	7		12.5		29.2		92.2		92.2		58.8	72.3
9	3	United States	42	0.256	21		27.4		17.0	f	94.7		94.3		57.5	70.1
10	4	Netherlands	1	0.045	6		4.3		37.8		87.5		90.4		58.3	71.3
11	5	Germany	6	0.075	7		6.8		32.4		96.2		96.9		53.0	66.5
12	6	New Zealand	31	0.164	15		18.6		32.2		82.8		84.7		61.6	74.1
13	7	Ireland	19	0.121	6		8.8		19.0		74.8		73.0		52.6	68.5
14	7	Sweden	2	0.055	4		6.5		44.7		84.4		85.5		59.4	68.1
15	9	Switzerland	3	0.057	8		3.9		26.8		95.1		96.6		60.6	75.0
16	10	Japan	21	0.131	5		6.0		13.4		80.0	g	82.3	g	49.4	71.7
17	11	Canada	18	0.119	12		11.3		28.0		100.0		100.0		61.9	71.4
18	12	Korea (Republic of)	27	0.153	16		5.8		15.7		79.4	g	91.7	g	49.2	71.4
19	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	..	..	..		4.2		..		68.7		76.4		51.0	68.1
20	13	Iceland	10	0.089	5		11.6		39.7		91.0		91.6		70.8	78.4
21	15	Denmark	3	0.057	12		5.1		39.1		99.3		99.4		59.8	69.1
22	16	Israel	25	0.144	7		14.0		20.0		82.7		85.5		52.5	62.4
23	17	Belgium	12	0.098	8		11.2		38.9		76.4		82.7		47.7	60.6
24	18	Austria	14	0.102	4		9.7		28.7		100.0		100.0		53.9	67.6
25	18	Singapore	13	0.101	3		6.7		23.5		71.3		78.9		56.5	76.6
26	20	France	9	0.083	8		6.0		25.1		75.9		81.3		51.1	61.9
27	21	Finland	6	0.075	5		9.3		42.5		100.0		100.0		55.9	64.2
28	21	Slovenia	8	0.080	12		4.5		23.1		94.2		97.1		53.1	65.1
29	23	Spain	15	0.103	6		10.7		34.9		63.3		69.7		51.6	67.4
30	24	Liechtenstein	..	..	..		6.0		24.0		..		..		..	..
31	25	Italy	11	0.094	4		4.0		20.7		68.0		78.1		37.9	59.6
32	26	Luxembourg	26	0.149	20		8.4		25.0		77.1		78.7		49.2	65.2
33	26	United Kingdom	34	0.205	12		29.7		22.1		99.6		99.8		55.6	68.5
34	28	Czech Republic	20	0.122	5		9.2		21.0		99.8		99.8		49.6	68.2
35	29	Greece	23	0.136	3		9.6		21.0		57.7		66.6		44.8	65.0
36	30	Brunei Darussalam	..	..	24		22.7		..		66.6	g	61.2	g	55.5	76.5
37	31	Cyprus	22	0.134	10		5.5		10.7		71.0		78.1		57.2	71.5
38	32	Malta	39	0.236	8		11.8		8.7		58.0		67.3		35.2	67.4
39	33	Andorra	..	..	..		7.3		50.0		49.5		49.3		..	..
40	33	Estonia	29	0.158	2		17.2		19.8		94.4	g	94.6	g	56.7	68.2
41	35	Slovakia	32	0.171	6		16.7		17.3		98.6		99.1		51.2	68.1
42	36	Qatar	117	0.546	7		15.5		0.1	h	70.1		62.1		51.8	95.2
43	37	Hungary	42	0.256	21		13.6		8.8		93.2	g	96.7	g	43.8	58.4
44	38	Barbados	61	0.343	51		40.8		19.6		89.5	g	87.6	g	64.8	76.2
45	39	Poland	24	0.140	5		12.2		21.8		76.9		83.5		48.2	64.3
46	40	Chile	66	0.360	25		56.0		13.9		72.1		75.9		47.1	74.2
47	41	Lithuania	28	0.157	8		16.1		19.1		87.9		93.1		54.1	63.9
48	41	United Arab Emirates	40	0.241	12		23.4		17.5		73.1	g	61.3	g	43.5	92.3
49	43	Portugal	16	0.114	8		12.5		28.7		40.9		40.2		56.5	68.0
50	44	Latvia	36	0.216	34		12.8		23.0		98.6		98.2		55.2	67.2
51	45	Argentina	71	0.380	77		54.2		37.7		57.0	g	54.9	g	47.3	74.9
52	46	Seychelles	..	..	..		47.6		43.8		66.9		66.6		..	..
53	47	Croatia	33	0.179	17		12.8		23.8		57.4	g	72.3	g	46.0	59.7
54	HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
55	48	Bahrain	45	0.258	20		14.8		18.8		74.4	g	80.4	g	39.4	87.3
56	49	Bahamas	53	0.316	47		28.3		16.7		91.2		87.6		69.3	79.3
57	50	Belarus	..	..	4		20.5		29.7		..		..		50.2	62.6
58	51	Uruguay	69	0.367	29		59.0		12.3		50.6		48.8		55.6	76.5
59	52	Montenegro	..	..	8		14.8		12.3		97.5		98.8		..	..
60	52	Palau	..	..	..		12.7		6.9		..		..		..	..
61	54	Kuwait	47	0.274	14		14.4		6.3		53.7		46.6		43.4	82.3
62	55	Russian Federation	51	0.312	34		23.2		11.1		93.5	g	96.2	g	56.3	71.0
63	56	Romania	55	0.327	27		28.8		9.7		83.4		90.5		48.6	64.9
64	57	Bulgaria	38	0.219	11		36.2		20.8		90.9		94.4		48.6	60.3
65	57	Saudi Arabia	145	0.682	24		22.1		0.1	h	50.3	g	57.9	g	17.7	74.1
66	59	Cuba	63	0.356	73		43.9		45.2		73.9	g	80.4	g	43.3	69.9
67	59	Panama	108	0.503	92		75.9		8.5		63.5	g	60.7	g	49.6	82.5
68	61	Mexico	72	0.382	50		65.5		36.0		51.2		57.0		44.3	80.5
69	62	Costa Rica	62	0.346	40		61.9		38.6		54.4	g	52.8	g	46.4	78.9
70	63	Grenada	..	..	24		35.4		17.9		..		..		..	..
71	64	Libya	36	0.216	58		2.6		16.5		55.6	g	44.0	g	30.1	76.8
72	64	Malaysia	42	0.256	29		9.8		13.2		66.0	g	72.8	g	43.8	76.9
73	64	Serbia	..	..	12		19.2		32.4		80.1		90.7		..	..
74	67	Antigua and Barbuda	..	..	..		49.1		19.4		..		..		..	..
75	67	Trinidad and Tobago	50	0.311	46		31.6		27.4		59.4		59.2		54.9	78.3
76	69	Kazakhstan	51	0.312	51		25.5		18.2		99.3		99.4		66.6	77.2
77	70	Albania	41	0.251	27		14.9		15.7		78.8		85.0		49.6	71.3
78	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	93	0.466	92		87.3		17.0		55.1		49.8		52.1	80.2
79	72	Dominica	..	..	..		18.9		12.5		29.7		23.2		..	..
80	72	Georgia	81	0.438	67		39.5		6.6		89.7		92.7		55.8	74.2
81	72	Lebanon	78	0.433	25		15.4		3.1		53.0		55.4		22.6	70.8
82	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	..	..	..		33.2		6.7		..		..		..	..
83	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	107	0.496	21		25.0		3.1		62.1		69.1		16.4	72.5
84	77	Peru	73	0.387	67		48.7		21.5		47.3		59.1		67.8	84.7
85	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	30	0.162	10		17.8		30.9		72.0		85.3		42.9	68.9
86	78	Ukraine	57	0.338	32		26.1		8.0		91.5	g	96.1	g	53.3	66.6
87	80	Mauritius	70	0.377	60		31.8		18.8		45.2	g	52.9	g	44.1	75.5
88	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	..	..	8		13.4		19.3		..		..		35.2	58.6
89	82	Azerbaijan	54	0.323	43		31.4		16.0		90.0		95.7		61.6	68.5
90	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	..	..	48		54.1		17.4		..		..		55.7	78.4
91	84	Oman	59	0.340	32		9.3		9.6		47.2		57.1		28.3	81.6
92	85	Brazil	85	0.447	56		76.0		9.6		50.5		48.5		59.6	80.9
93	85	Jamaica	87	0.458	110		69.7		15.5		74.0	g	71.1	g	56.0	71.8
94	87	Armenia	59	0.340	30		33.2		10.7		94.1	g	94.8	g	49.4	70.2
95	88	Saint Lucia	..	..	35		55.9		17.2		..		..		64.2	77.3
96	89	Ecuador	83	0.442	110		80.6		32.3		36.6		36.6		54.3	82.7
97	90	Turkey	68	0.366	20		30.5		14.2		26.7		42.4		28.1	71.4
98	91	Colombia	88	0.459	92		68.1		13.6		43.8		42.4		55.8	79.7
99	92	Sri Lanka	75	0.402	35		22.1		5.8		72.6		75.5		34.7	76.3
100	93	Algeria	74	0.391	97		6.1		25.6		20.9		27.3		15.0	71.9
101	94	Tunisia	46	0.261	56		4.4		26.7		29.9		44.4		25.5	70.0
102	MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
103	95	Tonga	90	0.462	110		18.0		3.6	i	71.6	g	76.7	g	53.6	75.0
104	96	Belize	79	0.435	53		70.8		13.3		35.2	g	32.8	g	48.3	81.8
105	96	Dominican Republic	109	0.508	150		103.6		19.1		43.3		41.7		51.0	78.6
106	96	Fiji	..	..	26		42.8		..		57.5		58.1		39.3	79.5
107	96	Samoa	..	..	..		25.5		4.1		64.3		60.0		42.8	77.8
108	100	Jordan	99	0.482	63		23.7		11.1		68.9		77.7		15.6	65.9
109	101	China	35	0.213	37		9.1		21.3		54.8	g	70.4	g	67.7	80.1
110	102	Turkmenistan	..	..	67		16.9		16.8		..		..		46.4	76.0
111	103	Thailand	66	0.360	48		37.0		15.7		29.0		35.6		63.8	80.0
112	104	Maldives	64	0.357	60		10.2		6.5		20.7		30.1		55.7	76.8
113	105	Suriname	94	0.467	130		34.9		11.8		40.5		47.1		40.5	68.7
114	106	Gabon	105	0.492	230		81.0		16.7		53.8	g	34.7	g	56.3	65.0
115	107	El Salvador	82	0.441	81		76.2		26.2		34.8		40.8		47.4	78.6
116	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	97	0.474	190		74.7		30.1		39.8		49.7		64.1	80.9
117	108	Mongolia	56	0.328	63		18.7		12.7		83.0	g	81.8	g	54.3	65.5
118	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	..	..	64		48.3		..		48.0		56.2		15.1	66.3
119	111	Paraguay	95	0.472	99		66.7		13.6		35.0		39.0		57.9	86.3
120	112	Egypt	126	0.590	66		40.6		2.2		43.4	g	59.3	g	23.7	74.3
121	113	Moldova (Republic of)	49	0.303	41		29.1		19.8		91.6		95.3		38.4	45.1
122	114	Philippines	77	0.418	99		46.5		22.1		65.9	g	63.7	g	49.7	79.4
123	114	Uzbekistan	..	..	28		12.8		19.2		..		..		47.7	74.7
124	116	Syrian Arab Republic	118	0.551	70		36.5		12.0		27.4		38.2		13.1	71.6
125	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	..	..	100		18.5		0.1		..		..		..	..
126	118	Guyana	104	0.490	280		53.9		31.3		61.5	g	48.8	g	41.8	79.1
127	119	Botswana	102	0.485	160		43.8		7.9		73.6	g	77.5	g	71.7	81.6
128	120	Honduras	100	0.483	100		85.9		19.5		20.7		18.8		42.3	82.8
129	121	Indonesia	106	0.494	220		42.3		18.2		36.2		46.8		51.2	84.2
130	121	Kiribati	..	..	..		16.4		8.7		..		..		..	..
131	121	South Africa	90	0.462	300		50.4		41.1	j	68.9		72.2		44.0	60.8
132	124	Vanuatu	..	..	110		50.6		1.9		..		..		61.3	79.7
133	125	Kyrgyzstan	64	0.357	71		33.0		23.3		81.0	g	81.2	g	55.5	78.6
134	125	Tajikistan	57	0.338	65		25.7		17.5		93.2	g	85.8	g	57.4	75.1
135	127	Viet Nam	48	0.299	59		22.7		24.4		24.7	g	28.0	g	73.2	81.2
136	128	Namibia	86	0.455	200		54.4		25.0		33.0	g	34.0	g	58.6	69.9
137	129	Nicaragua	89	0.461	95		104.9		40.2		30.8	g	44.7	g	46.7	80.0
138	130	Morocco	84	0.444	100		10.8		11.0		20.1	g	36.3	g	26.2	74.7
139	131	Iraq	120	0.557	63		85.9		25.2		22.0	g	42.7	g	14.5	69.3
140	132	Cape Verde	..	..	79		69.2		20.8		..		..		50.8	83.3
141	133	Guatemala	114	0.539	120		102.4		13.3		12.6		17.4		49.0	88.3
142	134	Timor-Leste	..	..	300		52.3		38.5		..		..		38.4	74.1
143	135	Ghana	121	0.565	350		62.4		8.3		45.7	g	61.8	g	66.9	71.8
144	136	Equatorial Guinea	..	..	240		114.6		10.0		..		..		80.6	92.3
145	136	India	132	0.610	200		74.7		10.9		26.6	g	50.4	g	29.0	80.7
146	138	Cambodia	96	0.473	250		32.9		18.1		11.6		20.6		79.2	86.7
147	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	100	0.483	470		30.1		25.0		22.9	g	36.8	g	76.5	79.5
148	140	Bhutan	92	0.464	180		44.9		13.9		34.0		34.5		65.8	76.5
149	141	Swaziland	112	0.525	320		67.9		21.9		49.9	g	46.1	g	43.6	70.8
150	LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
151	142	Congo	132	0.610	560		112.6		9.6		43.8	g	48.7	g	68.4	72.9
152	143	Solomon Islands	..	..	93		64.6		..		..		..		53.2	79.9
153	144	Sao Tome and Principe	..	..	70		55.4		18.2		..		..		43.7	76.6
154	145	Kenya	130	0.608	360		98.1		9.8		25.3		52.3		61.5	71.8
155	146	Bangladesh	111	0.518	240		68.2		19.7		30.8	g	39.3	g	57.2	84.3
156	146	Pakistan	123	0.567	260		28.1		21.1		18.3		43.1		22.7	83.3
157	148	Angola	..	..	450		148.1		38.2	k	..		..		62.9	77.1
158	149	Myanmar	80	0.437	200		12.0		4.6		18.0	g	17.6	g	75.0	82.1
159	150	Cameroon	137	0.628	690		115.1		13.9		21.1	g	34.9	g	64.2	77.4
160	151	Madagascar	..	..	240		122.7		15.9		..		..		83.4	88.7
161	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	119	0.556	460		128.7		36.0		5.6	g	9.2	g	88.2	90.3
162	153	Nigeria	..	..	630		111.3		6.7		..		..		47.9	63.3
163	154	Senegal	115	0.540	370		89.7		41.6		4.6		11.0		66.1	88.4
164	155	Mauritania	139	0.643	510		71.3		19.2		8.0	g	20.8	g	28.7	79.2
165	156	Papua New Guinea	134	0.617	230		62.0		2.7		6.8	g	14.1	g	70.6	74.1
166	157	Nepal	102	0.485	170		86.2		33.2		17.9	g	39.9	g	80.4	87.6
167	158	Lesotho	113	0.534	620		60.8		26.1		21.9		19.8		58.9	73.4
168	159	Togo	122	0.566	300		54.3		11.1		15.3	g	45.1	g	80.4	81.4
169	160	Yemen	148	0.747	200		66.1		0.7		7.6	g	24.4	g	25.2	72.0
170	161	Haiti	127	0.592	350		41.3		4.0		22.5	g	36.3	g	60.1	70.6
171	161	Uganda	110	0.517	310		126.4		35.0		23.0		23.9		76.0	79.5
172	163	Zambia	136	0.623	440		138.5		11.5		25.7		44.2		73.2	85.6
173	164	Djibouti	..	..	200		19.5		13.8		..		..		36.0	67.2
174	165	Gambia	128	0.594	360		66.9		7.5		16.9	g	31.4	g	72.4	83.1
175	166	Benin	135	0.618	350		97.0		8.4		11.2	g	25.6	g	67.4	78.2
176	167	Rwanda	76	0.414	340		35.5		51.9		7.4	g	8.0	g	86.4	85.4
177	168	Côte d'Ivoire	138	0.632	400		105.7		11.0		13.7	g	29.9	g	51.8	81.2
178	169	Comoros	..	..	280		51.1		3.0		..		..		35.1	80.4
179	170	Malawi	124	0.573	460		105.6		22.3		10.4	g	20.4	g	84.8	81.3
180	171	Sudan	129	0.604	730		53.0		24.1		12.8	g	18.2	g	30.9	76.5
181	172	Zimbabwe	116	0.544	570		53.4		17.9		48.8	g	62.0	g	83.0	89.5
182	173	Ethiopia	..	..	350		48.3		25.5		..		..		78.4	89.8
183	174	Liberia	143	0.658	770		123.0		11.7		15.7	g	39.2	g	57.9	64.4
184	175	Afghanistan	147	0.712	460		99.6		27.6		5.8	g	34.0	g	15.7	80.3
185	176	Guinea-Bissau	..	..	790		96.2		10.0		..		..		68.0	78.2
186	177	Sierra Leone	139	0.643	890		104.2		12.9		9.5	g	20.4	g	66.3	69.1
187	178	Burundi	98	0.476	800		20.9		34.9		5.2	g	9.2	g	83.7	82.1
188	178	Guinea	..	..	610		133.7		..	l	..		..		65.4	78.3
189	180	Central African Republic	142	0.654	890		98.6		12.5		10.3	g	26.2	g	72.5	85.1
190	181	Eritrea	..	..	240		53.7		22.0		..		..		79.8	90.0
191	182	Mali	141	0.649	540		168.9		10.2		11.3		9.2		36.8	70.0
192	183	Burkina Faso	131	0.609	300		117.4		15.3		0.9		3.2		77.5	90.4
193	184	Chad	..	..	1,100		138.1		12.8		..		..		64.4	80.2
194	185	Mozambique	125	0.582	490		124.4		39.2		1.5	g	6.0	g	86.0	82.9
195	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	144	0.681	540		170.6		8.2		10.7	g	36.2	g	70.2	72.5
196	186	Niger	146	0.707	590		193.6		13.3		2.5	g	7.6	g	39.9	89.9
197	OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
198		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	..	..	81		0.6		15.6		..		..		71.6	83.7
199		Marshall Islands	..	..	..		37.7		3.0		..		..		..	..
200		Monaco	..	..	..		1.5		19.0		..		..		..	..
201		Nauru	..	..	..		23.0		0.1		..		..		..	..
202		San Marino	..	..	..		2.5		18.3		..		..		..	..
203		Somalia	..	..	1,000		68.0		13.8		..		..		37.7	76.8
204		South Sudan	..	..	..		..		24.3		..		..		..	..
205		Tuvalu	..	..	..		21.5		6.7		..		..		..	..
206
207		HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX GROUPS
208		Very high human development	..	0.193	15		18.7		25.0		84.7		87.1		52.7	68.7
209		High human development	..	0.376	47		45.9		18.5		62.9		65.2		46.8	75.3
210		Medium human development	..	0.457	121		44.7		18.2		42.1		58.8		50.5	79.9
211		Low human development	..	0.578	405		86.0		19.2		18.0		32.0		56.4	79.9
212
213		REGIONS
214		Arab States	..	0.555	176		39.2		13.0		31.8		44.7		22.8	74.1
215		East Asia and the Pacific	..	0.333	73		18.5		17.7		49.6		63.0		65.2	80.6
216		Europe and Central Asia	..	0.280	28		23.1		16.7		81.4		85.8		49.6	69.0
217		Latin America and the Caribbean	..	0.419	74		70.6		24.4		49.8		51.1		53.7	79.9
218		South Asia	..	0.568	203		66.9		18.5		28.3		49.7		31.3	81.0
219		Sub-Saharan Africa	..	0.577	475		105.2		20.9		23.7		35.1		64.7	76.2
220
221		Least developed countries	..	0.566	394		90.9		20.3		16.9		27.1		64.8	82.4
222		SIDS	..	0.481	193		61.1		22.0		48.0		53.0		53.0	73.9
223
224		World	..	0.463	145		51.2		20.3		52.3		62.9		51.3	77.2
225
226		NOTES
227		a. Data were computed to ensure comparability across countries and are thus not necessarily the same as official country statistics, which may be based on alternative rigorous methods. Data are rounded according to the following scheme: less than 100, no rounding; 100–999, rounded to the nearest 10; and greater than 1,000, rounded to the nearest 100.
228		b. Projections based on medium-fertility variant.
229		c. For countries with bicameral legislative systems, the share of seats in national parliament is calculated based on both houses.
230		d. Data are annual average of projected values for 2010-2015.
231		e. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
232		f. The denominator of the calculation refers to voting members of the House of Representatives only.
233		g. Barro and Lee (2011) estimate for 2010.
234		h. For calculating the Gender Inequality Index, a value of 0.1% was used.
235		i. No women were elected in 2010; however, one woman was appointed to the cabinet.
236		j. The figures do not include the 36 special rotating delegates appointed on an ad hoc basis.
237		k. Estimates are prior to the August 31 elections.
238		l. The parliament was dissolved following the December 2008 coup.
239
240		DEFINITIONS
241		Gender Inequality Index: A composite measure reflecting inequality in achievements between women and men in three dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment and the labour market. See Technical note 3 for details on how the Gender Inequality Index is calculated.
242		Maternal mortality ratio: Ratio of the number of maternal deaths to the number of live births in a given year, expressed per 100,000 live births.
243		Adolescent fertility rate: Number of births to women ages 15–19 per 1,000 women ages 15–19.
244		Seats in national parliament: Proportion of seats held by women in a lower or single house or an upper house or senate expressed as percentage of total seats.
245		Population with at least secondary education: Percentage of the population ages 25 and older that have reached secondary education.
246		Labour force participation rate: Proportion of a country’s working-age population that engages in the labour market, either by working or actively looking for work, expressed as a percentage of the working-age population.
247
248		MAIN DATA SOURCES
249		Columns 1 and 2: HDRO calculations based on UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Group (MMEIG) WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank (2012), UNDESA (2011), IPU (2012), Barro and Lee (2010), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012) and ILO (2012).).
250		Column 3: WHO and others (2012).
251		Column 4: UNDESA (2011).
252		Column 5: IPU (2012).
253		Columns 6 and 7: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012).
254		Columns 8 and 9: ILO (2012).


1
2
3	Table 5: Multidimensional Poverty Index
4
5						Population in multidimensional povertya						Population vulnerable to poverty		Population in severe poverty		Contribution of deprivation to overall poverty (%)			Population below income poverty line (%)
6			Multidimensional Poverty Index			Headcount				Intensity of deprivation		Population vulnerable to poverty		Population in severe poverty		Education	Health	Living standards	PPP $1.25 a day		National poverty line
7			Yearb	Valuea		(%)		(thousands)		(%)		(%)		(%)
8																			2002-2011	c	2002-2012	c
9	Estimates based on surveys for 2007-2011
10		Albania	2008/2009 (D)	0.005		1.4		45		37.7		7.4		0.1		32.0	44.9	23.0	0.6		12.4
11		Armenia	2010 (D)	0.001		0.3		6		35.2		3.0		0.0		25.8	64.8	9.4	1.3		35.8
12		Bangladesh	2007 (D)	0.292		57.8		83,207		50.4		21.2		26.2		18.7	34.5	46.8	43.3		31.5
13		Bhutan	2010 (M)	0.119		27.2		198		43.9		17.2		8.5		40.4	21.2	38.4	10.2		23.2
14		Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	2008 (D)	0.089		20.5		1,972		43.7		18.7		5.8		19.8	27.5	52.6	15.6		60.1
15		Burkina Faso	2010 (D)	0.535		84.0		13,834		63.7		7.1		65.7		36.2	27.9	35.9	44.6
16		Cambodia	2010 (D)	0.212		45.9		6,415		46.1		21.4		17.0		22.1	32.7	45.1	22.8		30.1
17		Colombia	2010 (D)	0.022		5.4		2,500		40.9		6.4		1.1		31.8	33.5	34.7	8.2		37.2
18		Congo	2009 (D)	0.208		40.6		1,600		51.2		17.7		22.9		10.4	45.6	44.0	54.1		50.1
19		Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	2010 (M)	0.392		74.0		48,815		53.0		15.1		45.9		18.0	25.1	56.9	87.7		71.3
20		Dominican Republic	2007 (D)	0.018		4.6		439		39.4		8.6		0.7		39.1	22.6	38.2	2.2		34.4
21		Egypt	2008 (D)	0.024		6.0		4,699		40.7		7.2		1.0		48.1	37.3	14.5	1.7		22.0
22		Ethiopia	2011 (D)	0.564		87.3		72,415		64.6		6.8		71.1		25.9	27.6	46.5	39.0		38.9
23		Ghana	2008 (D)	0.144		31.2		7,258		46.2		21.6		11.4		32.1	19.5	48.4	28.6		28.5
24		Guyana	2009 (D)	0.030		7.7		58		39.2		12.3		1.0		17.4	50.4	32.2	..		..
25		Indonesia	2007 (D)	0.095		20.8		48,352		45.9		12.2		7.6		15.7	50.6	33.8	18.1		12.5
26		Jordan	2009 (D)	0.008		2.4		145		34.4		1.3		0.1		49.6	47.4	3.1	0.1		13.3
27		Kenya	2008/2009 (D)	0.229		47.8		18,863		48.0		27.4		19.8		12.7	30.1	57.2	43.4		45.9
28		Lesotho	2009 (D)	0.156		35.3		759		44.1		26.7		11.1		21.9	18.9	59.2	43.4		56.6
29		Liberia	2007 (D)	0.485		83.9		3,218		57.7		9.7		57.5		29.7	25.0	45.3	83.8		63.8
30		Madagascar	2008/2009 (D)	0.357		66.9		13,463		53.3		17.9		35.4		34.3	16.7	49.1	81.3		68.7
31		Malawi	2010 (D)	0.334		66.7		9,633		50.1		23.4		31.4		19.5	27.1	53.3	73.9		52.4
32		Maldives	2009 (D)	0.018		5.2		16		35.6		4.8		0.3		13.6	81.1	5.3	..		..
33		Mauritania	2007 (M)	0.352	d	61.7	d	1,982	d	57.1	d	15.1	d	40.7	d	32.0	21.6	46.5	23.4		42.0
34		Morocco	2007 (N)	0.048	d	10.6	d	3,287	d	45.3	d	12.3	d	3.3	d	35.5	27.5	37.0	2.5		9.0
35		Mozambique	2009 (D)	0.512		79.3		18,127		64.6		9.5		60.7		23.9	36.2	39.9	59.6		54.7
36		Namibia	2006/2007 (D)	0.187		39.6		855		47.2		23.6		14.7		15.1	31.0	53.9	31.9		38.0
37		Nepal	2011 (D)	0.217		44.2		13,242		49.0		17.4		20.8		21.8	33.7	44.4	24.8		25.2
38		Nigeria	2008 (D)	0.310		54.1		83,578		57.3		17.8		33.9		27.0	32.2	40.8	68.0		54.7
39		Occupied Palestinian Territory	2006/2007 (N)	0.005		1.4		52		37.3		8.8		0.1		33.9	55.3	10.8	0.0		21.9
40		Pakistan	2006/2007 (D)	0.264	d	49.4	d	81,236	d	53.4	d	11.0	d	27.4	d	30.8	37.9	31.2	21.0		22.3
41		Peru	2008 (D)	0.066		15.7		4,422		42.2		14.9		3.9		18.6	20.8	60.6	4.9		31.3
42		Philippines	2008 (D)	0.064		13.4		12,083		47.4		9.1		5.7		15.8	56.5	27.7	18.4		26.5
43		Rwanda	2010 (D)	0.350		69.0		6,900		50.8		19.4		34.7		19.5	30.9	49.6	63.2		44.9
44		Sao Tome and Principe	2008/2009 (D)	0.154		34.5		56		44.7		24.3		10.7		28.8	27.5	43.6	..		66.2
45		Senegal	2010/2011 (D)	0.439		74.4		7,642		58.9		11.7		50.6		31.8	40.6	27.6	33.5		50.8
46		Sierra Leone	2008 (D)	0.439		77.0		4,321		57.0		13.1		53.2		31.5	19.3	49.2	53.4		66.4
47		South Africa	2008 (N)	0.057		13.4		6,609		42.3		22.2		2.4		7.5	50.5	42.0	13.8		23.0
48		Swaziland	2010 (M)	0.086		20.4		242		41.9		23.1		3.3		16.7	29.9	53.4	40.6		69.2
49		Tanzania (United Republic of)	2010 (D)	0.332		65.6		28,552		50.7		21.0		33.4		18.3	26.4	55.3	67.9		33.4
50		Timor-Leste	2009/2010 (D)	0.360		68.1		749		52.9		18.2		38.7		21.3	31.0	47.7	37.4		49.9
51		Ukraine	2007 (D)	0.008		2.2		1,018		35.5		1.0		0.2		4.7	91.1	4.2	0.1		2.9
52		Uganda	2011 (D)	0.367		69.9		24,122		52.5		19.0		31.2		15.6	34.1	50.4	51.5		31.1
53		Vanuatu	2007 (M)	0.129		30.1		67		42.7		33.5		6.5		29.7	17.3	53.0	..		..
54		Viet Nam	2010/2011 (M)	0.017		4.2		3,690		39.5		7.9		0.7		32.8	25.1	42.1	40.1		28.9
55		Zambia	2007 (D)	0.328		64.2		7,740		51.2		17.2		34.8		17.5	27.9	54.7	68.5		59.3
56		Zimbabwe	2010/2011 (D)	0.172		39.1		4,877		44.0		25.1		11.5		10.2	33.6	56.3	..		72.0
57
58		Estimates based on surveys for 2002-2006
59
60		Argentina	2005 (N)	0.011	f	2.9	f	1,160	f	37.6	f	5.8	f	0.2	f	41.9	12.9	45.2	0.9		..
61		Azerbaijan	2006 (D)	0.021		5.3		461		39.4		12.5		0.6		24.4	49.4	26.2	0.4		15.8
62		Belarus	2005 (M)	0.000		0.0		0		35.1		0.8		0.0		16.6	61.8	21.7	0.1		5.4
63		Belize	2006 (M)	0.024		5.6		16		42.6		7.6		1.1		22.8	35.8	41.4	..		33.5
64		Benin	2006 (D)	0.412		71.8		5,652		57.4		13.2		47.2		33.6	25.1	41.3	47.3		39.0
65		Bosnia and Herzegovina	2006 (M)	0.003		0.8		30		37.2		7.0		0.1		29.2	51.8	19.0	0.0		14.0
66		Brazil	2006 (N)	0.011		2.7		5,075		39.3		7.0		0.2		39.0	40.2	20.7	6.1		21.4
67		Burundi	2005 (M)	0.530		84.5		6,128		62.7		12.2		61.9		31.5	22.4	46.1	81.3		66.9
68		Cameroon	2004 (D)	0.287		53.3		9,149		53.9		19.3		30.4		25.7	24.5	49.8	9.6		39.9
69		Chad	2003 (W)	0.344		62.9		5,758		54.7		28.2		44.1		40.9	4.6	54.5	61.9		55.0
70		China	2002 (W)	0.056		12.5		161,675		44.9		6.3		4.5		64.8	9.9	25.2	13.1		2.8
71		Croatia	2003 (W)	0.016		4.4		196		36.3		0.1		0.3		45.0	46.7	8.3	0.1		11.1
72		Czech Republic	2002/2003 (W)	0.010		3.1		316		33.4		0.0		0.0		0.0	99.9	0.1	..		..
73		Côte d'Ivoire	2005 (D)	0.353		61.5		11,083		57.4		15.3		39.3		32.0	38.7	29.3	23.8		42.7
74		Djibouti	2006 (M)	0.139		29.3		241		47.3		16.1		12.5		38.3	24.6	37.1	18.8		..
75		Ecuador	2003 (W)	0.009		2.2		286		41.6		2.1		0.6		78.6	3.3	18.1	4.6		32.8
76		Estonia	2003 (W)	0.026		7.2		97		36.5		1.3		0.2		91.2	1.2	7.6	0.5		..
77		Gambia	2005/2006 (M)	0.324		60.4		935		53.6		17.6		35.5		33.5	30.7	35.8	33.6		48.4
78		Georgia	2005 (M)	0.003		0.8		36		35.2		5.3		0.0		23.2	33.8	43.0	15.3		24.7
79		Guatemala	2003 (W)	0.127	d	25.9	d	3,134	d	49.1	d	9.8	d	14.5	d	57.2	10.0	32.8	13.5		51.0
80		Guinea	2005 (D)	0.506		82.5		7,459		61.3		9.3		62.3		35.5	23.0	41.5	43.3		53.0
81		Haiti	2005/2006 (D)	0.299		56.4		5,346		53.0		18.8		32.3		27.0	21.5	51.5	..		..
82		Honduras	2005/2006 (D)	0.159		32.5		2,281		48.9		22.0		11.3		38.0	18.5	43.6	17.9		60.0
83		Hungary	2003 (W)	0.016		4.6		466		34.3		0.0		0.0		1.8	95.6	2.7	0.2		..
84		India	2005/2006 (D)	0.283		53.7		612,203		52.7		16.4		28.6		21.8	35.7	42.5	32.7		29.8
85		Iraq	2006 (M)	0.059		14.2		3,996		41.3		14.3		3.1		47.5	32.1	20.4	2.8		22.9
86		Kazakhstan	2006 (M)	0.002		0.6		92		36.9		5.0		0.0		14.6	56.8	28.7	0.1		8.2
87		Kyrgyzstan	2005/2006 (M)	0.019		4.9		249		38.8		9.2		0.9		36.6	36.9	26.4	6.2		33.7
88		Lao People's Democratic Republic	2006 (M)	0.267		47.2		2,757		56.5		14.1		28.1		33.1	27.9	39.0	33.9		27.6
89		Latvia	2003 (W)	0.006	d	1.6	d	37	d	37.9	d	0.0	d	0.0	d	0.0	88.0	12.0	0.1		5.9
90		Mali	2006 (D)	0.558		86.6		11,771		64.4		7.6		68.4		34.5	26.2	39.3	50.4		47.4
91		Mexico	2006 (N)	0.015		4.0		4,313		38.9		5.8		0.5		38.6	23.9	37.5	1.2		51.3
92		Moldova (Republic of)	2005 (D)	0.007		1.9		72		36.7		6.4		0.1		24.7	34.3	41.1	0.4		21.9
93		Mongolia	2005 (M)	0.065		15.8		403		41.0		20.6		3.2		15.4	27.9	56.6	..		35.2
94		Montenegro	2005/2006 (M)	0.006		1.5		9		41.6		1.9		0.3		37.5	47.6	14.9	0.1		6.6
95		Nicaragua	2006/2007 (D)	0.128		28.0		1,538		45.7		17.4		11.2		27.9	13.6	58.5	11.9		46.2
96		Niger	2006 (D)	0.642		92.4		12,437		69.4		4.0		81.8		35.4	21.5	43.2	43.6		59.5
97		Paraguay	2002/2003 (W)	0.064		13.3		755		48.5		15.0		6.1		35.1	19.0	45.9	7.2		34.7
98		Russian Federation	2003 (W)	0.005	d	1.3	d	1,883	d	38.9	d	0.8	d	0.2	d	84.2	2.5	13.3	0.0		11.1
99		Serbia	2005/2006 (M)	0.003		0.8		79		40.0		3.6		0.1		30.5	40.1	29.4	0.3		9.2
100		Slovakia	2003 (W)	0.000	e	0.0	e	0	e	0.0	e	0.0	e	0.0	e	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1		..
101		Slovenia	2003 (W)	0.000	e	0.0	e	0	e	0.0	e	0.4	e	0.0	e	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1		..
102		Somalia	2006 (M)	0.514		81.2		6,941		63.3		9.5		65.6		34.2	18.6	47.2	..		..
103		Sri Lanka	2003 (W)	0.021	d	5.3	d	1,027	d	38.7	d	14.4	d	0.6	d	6.3	35.4	58.3	7.0		8.9
104		Suriname	2006 (M)	0.039		8.2		41		47.2		6.7		3.3		36.1	18.8	45.1	..		..
105		Syrian Arab Republic	2006 (M)	0.021	e	5.5	e	1,041	e	37.5	e	7.1	e	0.5	e	45.4	42.7	11.8	1.7		..
106		Tajikistan	2005 (M)	0.068		17.1		1,104		40.0		23.0		3.1		18.7	45.0	36.3	6.6		46.7
107		Thailand	2005/2006 (M)	0.006		1.6		1,067		38.5		9.9		0.2		40.7	31.2	28.1	0.4		8.1
108		The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	2005 (M)	0.008		1.9		39		40.9		6.7		0.3		59.9	12.8	27.3	0.0		19.0
109		Togo	2006 (M)	0.284		54.3		3,003		52.4		21.6		28.7		28.3	25.4	46.3	38.7		61.7
110		Trinidad and Tobago	2006 (M)	0.020		5.6		74		35.1		0.4		0.3		1.3	94.3	4.4	..		..
111		Tunisia	2003 (W)	0.010	d	2.8	d	272	d	37.1	d	4.9	d	0.2	d	25.0	47.3	27.6	1.4		3.8
112		Turkey	2003 (D)	0.028		6.6		4,378		42.0		7.3		1.3		42.3	38.4	19.2	0.0		18.1
113		United Arab Emirates	2003 (W)	0.002		0.6		20		35.3		2.0		0.0		94.4	0.4	5.2	..		..
114		Uruguay	2002/2003 (W)	0.006		1.7		57		34.7		0.1		0.0		96.0	0.6	3.4	0.2		18.6
115		Uzbekistan	2006 (M)	0.008		2.3		603		36.2		8.1		0.1		23.2	55.7	21.1	..		..
116		Yemen	2006 (M)	0.283		52.5		11,176		53.9		13.0		31.9		27.0	40.5	32.4	17.5		34.8
117
118
119	NOTES
120	a. Not all indicators were available for all countries; caution should thus be used in cross-country comparisons. Where data are missing, indicator weights are adjusted to total 100%. For details on countries missing data, see Alkire and others (2011) and Alkire, Conconi and Roche (2012).
121	b. D indicates data are from Demographic and Health Surveys, M indicates data are from Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, W indicates data are from World Health Surveys and N indicates data are from national surveys.
122	c. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
123	d. Lower bound estimate.
124	e. Upper bound estimate.
125	f. Refers to only part of the country.
126
127	DEFINITIONS
128	Multidimensional Poverty Index: Percentage of the population that is multidimensionally poor adjusted by the intensity of the deprivations. See Technical note 4 for details on how the Multidimensional Poverty Index is calculated.
129	Multidimensional poverty headcount: Percentage of the population with a weighted deprivation score of at least 33 percent.
130	Intensity of deprivation of multidimensional poverty: Average percentage of deprivation experienced by people in multidimensional poverty.
131	Population vulnerable to poverty: Percentage of the population at risk of suffering multiple deprivations—that is, those with a deprivation score of 20–33 percent.
132	Population in severe poverty: Percentage of the population in severe multidimensional poverty—that is, those with a deprivation score of 50 percent or more.
133	Contribution of deprivation to overall poverty: Percentage of the Multidimensional Poverty Index attributed to deprivations in each dimension.
134	Population below PPP $1.25 a day: Percentage of the population living below the international poverty line $1.25 (in purchasing power parity terms) a day.
135	Population below national poverty line: Percentage of the population living below the national poverty line, which is the poverty line deemed appropriate for a country by its authorities. National estimates are based on population-weighted subgroup estimates from household surveys.
136
137	MAIN DATA SOURCES
138	Columns 1 and 2: Calculated from various household surveys, including ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys, United Nations Children's Fund Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and World Health Organization World Health Surveys conducted between 2000 and 2010.
139	Columns 3–10: Calculated based on data on household deprivations in education, health and living standards from various household surveys as listed in column 1.
140	Columns 11 and 12: World Bank (2012a).


1
2		Table 6: Command over resources
3			ECONOMY							PUBLIC SPENDING
4			GDP		GDP per capita		Gross fixed capital formation		Consumer Price Index	General government final consumption expenditure			Health		Education			Militaryb			Total debt service
5			(2005 PPP $ billions)		(2005 PPP $)		(% of GDP)		(2005 = 100)	(% of GDP)			(% of GDP)		(% of GDP)			(% of GDP)			(% of GDP)
6	HDI rank		2011		2011		2011		2010	2000	2011		2000	2010	2000	2005-2010	a	2000	2010		2000	2010
7	Very high human development
8	1	Norway	232.7		46,982		20.2		112	19.3	21.5		6.4	8.0	6.6	7.3		1.7	1.5		..	..
9	2	Australia	781.5		34,548		27.1		116	17.6	18.0		5.4	5.9	4.7	5.1		1.8	1.9		..	..
10	3	United States	13,238.3		42,486		14.7	c	112	14.3	17.5	c	5.8	9.5	..	5.4		3.0	4.8		..	..
11	4	Netherlands	621.9		37,251		18.6		108	22.0	28.1		5.0	9.4	5.0	5.9		1.5	1.4		..	..
12	5	Germany	2,814.4		34,437		18.2		108	19.0	19.5		8.2	9.0	..	4.6		1.5	1.4		..	..
13	6	New Zealand	108.4	c	24,818	c	18.9	c	115	17.3	20.3	c	6.0	8.4	..	7.2		1.2	1.2		..	..
14	7	Ireland	159.9		35,640		11.5	c	107	14.2	18.9	c	4.6	6.4	4.2	5.7		0.7	0.6		..	..
15	7	Sweden	331.3		35,048		18.4		108	25.8	26.6		7.0	7.8	7.2	7.3		2.0	1.3		..	..
16	9	Switzerland	300.3		37,979		20.9	c	104	11.1	11.5	c	5.6	6.8	5.2	5.4		1.1	0.8		..	..
17	10	Japan	3,918.9		30,660		20.1	c	100	16.9	19.8		6.2	7.8	3.7	3.8		1.0	1.0		..	..
18	11	Canada	1,231.6		35,716		22.1	c	109	18.6	21.8	c	6.2	8.0	5.6	4.8		1.1	1.5		..	..
19	12	Korea (Republic of)	1,371.0		27,541		28.6	c	116	12.0	15.3	c	2.2	4.1	..	5.0		2.6	2.7		..	..
20	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	310.0		43,844		21.5	c	112	9.1	8.4	c	..	..	..	3.6		..	..		..	..
21	13	Iceland	10.7		33,618		14.1		149	23.4	25.2		7.7	7.6	6.7	7.8		0.0	0.1	d	..	..
22	15	Denmark	180.6		32,399		17.2		111	25.1	28.6		6.8	9.7	8.3	8.7		1.5	1.5		..	..
23	16	Israel	207.5		26,720		18.7		114	25.8	23.9		4.7	4.6	6.5	5.8		8.0	6.5		..	..
24	17	Belgium	364.7		33,127		20.9		111	21.3	24.1		6.1	8.0	..	6.4		1.4	1.1		..	..
25	18	Austria	306.1		36,353		21.1		109	19.0	19.3		7.6	8.5	5.7	5.5		1.0	0.9		..	..
26	18	Singapore	277.8		53,591		23.4		114	10.9	10.3		1.3	1.4	3.4	3.3		4.6	3.7		..	..
27	20	France	1,951.2		29,819		20.1		108	22.9	24.5		8.0	9.3	5.7	5.9		2.5	2.3		..	..
28	21	Finland	173.8		32,254		19.2		110	20.6	23.9		5.1	6.7	5.9	6.8		1.3	1.4		..	..
29	21	Slovenia	51.2		24,967		19.5		115	18.7	20.6		6.1	6.9	..	5.7		1.1	1.6		..	..
30	23	Spain	1,251.3		27,063		21.7		112	17.1	20.3		5.2	6.9	4.3	5.0		1.2	1.0		..	..
31	24	Liechtenstein	..		..		..		..	..	..		..	..	..	2.1		..	..		..	..
32	25	Italy	1,645.0		27,069		19.5		110	18.3	20.5		5.8	7.4	4.4	4.7		2.0	1.7		..	..
33	26	Luxembourg	35.4		68,459		19.0		111	15.1	16.5		5.2	6.6	..	..		0.6	0.6		..	..
34	26	United Kingdom	2,034.2		32,474		14.3		114	18.6	22.5		5.6	8.1	4.5	5.6		2.4	2.6		..	..
35	28	Czech Republic	252.8		23,967		23.9		115	20.3	20.9		5.9	6.6	4.0	4.5		2.0	1.3		..	..
36	29	Greece	255.0		22,558		14.0		117	18.9	17.5		4.7	6.1	3.4	4.1		3.6	2.3		..	..
37	30	Brunei Darussalam	18.2	c	45,507	c	15.9	c	105	25.8	22.4	c	2.6	2.4	3.7	2.0		5.7	3.2		..	..
38	31	Cyprus	21.0		26,045		18.4	c	113	16.0	19.7	c	2.4	2.5	5.3	7.9		3.0	2.1		..	..
39	32	Malta	9.6		23,007		15.0		112	18.2	21.1		4.9	5.7	..	5.8		0.7	0.7		..	..
40	33	Andorra	..		..		..		..	..	..		4.9	5.3	..	2.9		..	..		..	..
41	33	Estonia	24.0		17,885		21.5		126	19.8	19.5		4.1	4.7	5.4	5.7		1.4	1.7		..	..
42	35	Slovakia	112.9		20,757		22.4		115	20.1	18.1		5.6	5.8	3.9	4.1		1.7	1.3		..	..
43	36	Qatar	145.8		77,987		39.6	d	136	19.7	24.8	d	1.6	1.4	..	2.4		..	2.3	e	..	..
44	37	Hungary	172.5		17,295		16.7		130	21.5	10.0		5.0	5.1	5.0	5.1		1.7	1.0		..	..
45	38	Barbados	4.8	d	17,564	d	14.6	c	132	21.2	20.3	c	4.1	5.2	5.6	6.7		..	..		..	..
46	39	Poland	691.2		18,087		19.9	c	115	17.4	18.9	c	3.9	5.4	5.0	5.1		1.8	1.9		..	..
47	40	Chile	263.7		15,272		23.2		101	12.5	11.8		3.4	3.8	3.9	4.5		3.8	3.2		8.2	6.2
48	41	Lithuania	54.1		16,877		17.6		129	22.8	18.9		4.5	5.2	..	5.7		1.7	1.1		9.7	24.3
49	41	United Arab Emirates	333.7		42,293		23.8	c	115	..	8.2	c	2.5	2.7	1.3	1.0		9.4	6.9		..	..
50	43	Portugal	226.8		21,317		18.1		109	19.0	20.1		6.4	7.5	5.2	5.8		1.9	2.1		..	..
51	44	Latvia	30.6		13,773		22.4		139	20.8	15.6		3.2	4.1	5.4	5.6		0.9	1.1		7.7	43.9
52	45	Argentina	631.9		15,501		22.6		154	13.8	15.1		5.0	4.4	4.6	6.0		1.1	0.9		9.4	3.8
53	46	Seychelles	2.0		23,172		22.0	d	185	24.2	11.1	d	4.0	3.1	..	5.0		1.7	1.3		3.4	5.0
54	47	Croatia	71.2		16,162		21.9		117	23.8	21.2		6.7	6.6	..	4.3		3.1	1.7		..	..
55	High human development
56	48	Bahrain	26.9	c	21,345	c	26.6	d	114	17.6	15.5	d	2.7	3.6	..	2.9		4.0	3.4		..	..
57	49	Bahamas	9.8		28,239		26.0		113	10.8	15.0		2.8	3.6	2.8	..		..	..		..	..
58	50	Belarus	125.0		13,191		37.6		162	19.5	13.5		4.9	4.4	6.2	4.5		1.3	1.4		2.9	2.6
59	51	Uruguay	44.9		13,315		19.0		142	12.4	13.0		6.1	5.6	2.4	2.9		2.8	2.0		5.3	3.5
60	52	Montenegro	6.6		10,402		22.1		122	21.9	18.2		5.4	6.1	..	..		..	1.9		..	2.4
61	52	Palau	0.3		13,176		..		..	..	..		8.5	7.9	9.8	..		..	..		..	..
62	54	Kuwait	135.1		47,935		17.8	d	130	21.5	13.5		1.9	2.1	..	3.8		7.2	3.6		..	..
63	55	Russian Federation	2,101.8		14,808		23.1		163	15.1	16.9		3.2	3.2	2.9	4.1		3.7	3.9		4.6	4.2
64	56	Romania	233.3		10,905		32.2		135	7.2	15.8		3.5	4.4	2.9	4.3		2.5	1.3		6.7	11.5
65	57	Bulgaria	88.2		11,799		23.3		138	19.0	15.4		3.6	3.7	..	4.4		2.7	1.9		10.0	8.4
66	57	Saudi Arabia	601.8		21,430		19.0		129	26.0	19.8		3.1	2.7	5.9	5.6		10.6	10.1		..	..
67	59	Cuba	..		..		9.9	c	..	29.6	37.9	c	6.1	9.7	7.7	12.9		..	..		..	..
68	59	Panama	49.2		13,766		27.5	c	123	13.2	11.2	c	5.3	6.1	5.0	3.8		0.0	0.0		7.6	4.0
69	61	Mexico	1,466.6		12,776		20.4		124	11.1	12.0		2.4	3.1	4.9	5.3		0.6	0.5		10.1	3.0
70	62	Costa Rica	50.7		10,732		19.8		158	13.3	17.6	c	5.0	7.4	4.4	6.3		0.0	0.0		4.1	3.0
71	63	Grenada	1.0		9,806		23.1	d	121	11.7	15.6	d	4.2	2.6	..	..		..	..		2.8	3.3
72	64	Libya	96.2	d	15,361	d	..		125	20.8	..		1.9	2.7	..	..		3.1	1.2	e	..	..
73	64	Malaysia	394.6		13,672		20.3	c	114	10.2	12.7	c	1.7	2.4	6.0	5.8		1.6	1.6		6.9	5.6
74	64	Serbia	71.2		9,809		25.3		153	19.6	18.2		5.2	6.4	..	5.0		5.5	2.2		2.0	11.2
75	67	Antigua and Barbuda	1.3		14,139		18.3	d	112	19.0	17.6	d	3.3	4.3	..	2.5		..	..		..	..
76	67	Trinidad and Tobago	30.6		22,761		..		155	9.3	..		1.7	3.4	3.8	..		..	..		..	..
77	69	Kazakhstan	191.5		11,568		23.9		162	12.1	9.8		2.1	2.5	3.3	3.1		0.8	1.1		18.4	32.3
78	70	Albania	25.3		7,861		24.9		115	8.9	9.3		2.3	2.6	..	..		1.2	1.6		0.8	3.9
79	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	329.6		11,258		17.0		163	12.4	10.4		2.4	1.7	..	3.7		1.5	0.9		5.4	1.5
80	72	Dominica	0.8		11,120		22.3	c	116	18.5	17.2	c	4.1	5.2	..	3.6		..	..		3.3	3.3
81	72	Georgia	21.6		4,826		17.2		143	8.5	9.4		1.2	2.4	2.2	3.2		0.6	3.9		3.9	7.0
82	72	Lebanon	54.9		12,900		30.0		105	17.3	12.3		3.2	2.8	1.9	1.8		5.4	4.2		8.6	10.9
83	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	0.7		13,291		30.3	d	122	17.6	16.0	d	3.3	4.0	5.2	4.5		..	..		5.1	6.7
84	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	765.2	d	10,462	d	..		206	13.9	..		1.9	2.2	4.4	4.7		3.7	1.8	e	2.9	..
85	77	Peru	266.0		9,049		23.8		115	10.6	9.8		2.8	2.7	..	2.7		1.8	1.3		4.8	4.4
86	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	19.5		9,451		21.5		115	18.2	18.0		4.9	4.5	..	..		1.9	1.4		3.9	7.3
87	78	Ukraine	290.6		6,359		19.3		195	20.9	18.8		2.9	4.4	4.2	5.3		3.6	2.7		11.7	22.1
88	80	Mauritius	16.4		12,737		24.4		137	14.1	14.0		2.0	2.5	3.8	3.1		0.2	0.1		9.9	1.3
89	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	28.5		7,607		20.7		118	..	22.1		4.1	6.8	..	..		..	1.2		5.8	8.2
90	82	Azerbaijan	81.5		8,890		17.2		164	9.5	11.8		0.9	1.2	3.9	3.2		2.3	2.9		2.5	0.8
91	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	1.0		9,482		23.5	d	124	16.4	19.5	d	3.6	3.9	7.9	4.9		..	..		3.3	4.7
92	84	Oman	72.1	c	25,330	d	..		131	20.7	19.9	d	2.5	2.2	3.1	4.3		10.8	8.5		..	..
93	85	Brazil	2,021.3		10,278		19.3		126	19.2	20.7		2.9	4.2	4.0	5.7		1.8	1.6		10.1	2.1
94	85	Jamaica	19.2		7,074		22.9		179	14.3	17.7		2.9	2.6	5.0	6.1		0.5	0.8		7.8	8.5
95	87	Armenia	15.8		5,112		30.9		131	11.8	11.8		1.1	1.8	2.8	3.2		3.6	4.2		2.4	10.3
96	88	Saint Lucia	1.4		8,231		33.5	c	115	18.2	16.0	c	3.2	5.3	7.1	4.4		..	..		4.2	3.6
97	89	Ecuador	109.2		7,443		24.2		124	9.8	15.8		1.3	3.0	1.3	..		1.6	3.6		11.8	3.2
98	90	Turkey	991.7		13,466		20.0		153	11.7	8.1		3.1	5.1	2.6	2.9		3.7	2.4		7.8	8.0
99	91	Colombia	415.8		8,861		21.9		126	16.7	10.6		5.5	5.5	3.5	4.8		3.0	3.6		5.1	3.4
100	92	Sri Lanka	102.9		4,929		34.6		172	10.5	7.5		1.8	1.3	..	2.1		5.0	3.0		4.8	2.9
101	93	Algeria	275.0		7,643		38.3	d	122	13.6	14.2	d	2.6	3.2	..	4.3		3.4	3.6		8.2	0.4
102	94	Tunisia	88.1		8,258		24.0		123	16.7	13.4		3.3	3.4	6.2	6.3		1.8	1.4		8.9	5.3
103	Medium human development
104	95	Tonga	0.4		4,092		24.3	c	131	18.2	18.9	c	4.0	4.1	4.9	..		..	..		2.4	1.4
105	96	Belize	2.1		5,896		..		113	12.9	..		2.2	3.3	5.0	6.1		0.9	1.1		9.2	7.2
106	96	Dominican Republic	87.0		8,651		16.7		136	7.8	5.2		2.2	2.7	1.9	2.2		1.0	0.7		2.2	2.6
107	96	Fiji	3.6		4,199		..		127	17.2	..		3.2	3.4	5.9	4.5		1.9	1.6		1.5	0.7
108	96	Samoa	0.7		4,008		..		131	..	..		4.0	5.7	4.0	5.3		..	..		2.2	1.8
109	100	Jordan	32.6		5,269		21.3		134	23.7	18.9		4.7	5.4	..	..		6.3	5.0		8.7	2.5
110	101	China	9,970.6		7,418		45.5		115	15.8	13.1		1.8	2.7	..	..		1.9	2.1		2.2	1.0
111	102	Turkmenistan	41.1		8,055		60.0		..	14.2	11.1		3.2	1.5	..	..		..	..		16.1	0.8
112	103	Thailand	530.6		7,633		25.8		116	11.3	13.3		1.9	2.9	5.4	3.8		1.5	1.5		11.4	3.5
113	104	Maldives	2.5		7,834		..		138	22.9	..		4.1	3.8	..	8.7		..	..		3.2	9.8
114	105	Suriname	3.7	c	7,110	c	..		145	37.5	..		3.9	3.4	..	..		..	..		..	..
115	106	Gabon	21.5		13,998		25.1		113	9.6	8.8		1.0	1.8	3.8	..		1.8	0.9		6.9	3.4
116	107	El Salvador	37.6		6,032		14.2		119	10.2	11.1		3.6	4.3	2.5	3.2		1.3	1.1		2.8	5.0
117	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	45.4		4,499		16.6	c	137	14.5	13.2		3.7	3.0	5.5	6.3		2.1	1.7		7.6	3.3
118	108	Mongolia	11.7		4,178		48.6		168	15.3	14.0		3.9	3.0	5.6	5.4		2.1	1.1		3.4	2.8
119	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	..		..		..		..	27.0	..		..	..	..	..		..	..		..	..
120	111	Paraguay	31.2		4,752		21.3		140	12.7	10.4		3.7	2.1	5.3	4.0		1.1	0.9		5.0	2.5
121	112	Egypt	457.8		5,547		19.4		173	11.2	11.3		2.2	1.7	..	3.8		3.2	2.0		1.8	1.4
122	113	Moldova (Republic of)	10.6		2,975		23.9		153	10.3	22.7		3.2	5.4	4.5	9.1		0.4	0.3		11.6	6.7
123	114	Philippines	344.4		3,631		15.8		127	11.4	10.2		1.6	1.3	3.3	2.7		1.6	1.2		8.7	6.5
124	114	Uzbekistan	85.2		2,903		23.5		..	18.7	16.6		2.5	2.8	..	..		1.2	..		6.4	1.5
125	116	Syrian Arab Republic	96.9	c	4,741	c	18.8	c	142	12.4	10.1	c	2.0	1.6	..	4.9		5.5	4.1		2.5	1.1
126	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	0.3		3,017		..		..	..	..		7.7	12.9	6.7	..		..	..		..	..
127	118	Guyana	2.3	c	3,104	c	26.3	c	136	24.7	15.1	c	4.6	5.1	8.5	3.7		1.5	2.1		9.7	1.4
128	119	Botswana	26.3		12,939		27.9		156	25.4	19.9		2.9	6.0	..	7.8		3.3	2.4		1.2	0.5
129	120	Honduras	27.7		3,566		22.2		139	13.4	17.1		3.0	4.4	..	..		0.7	1.1		5.5	3.4
130	121	Indonesia	992.1		4,094		32.4		146	6.5	4.5		0.7	1.3	..	3.0		..	0.7		10.1	4.1
131	121	Kiribati	0.2		2,220		..		..	..	..		7.5	9.3	11.0	..		..	..		..	..
132	121	South Africa	489.6		9,678		18.9		140	18.1	21.5		3.4	3.9	5.6	6.0		1.5	1.3		2.9	1.4
133	124	Vanuatu	1.0		4,062		..		119	20.8	..		2.7	4.8	7.0	5.2		..	..		0.7	0.9
134	125	Kyrgyzstan	11.7		2,126		24.8		167	20.0	19.1		2.1	3.5	3.5	6.2		2.9	4.4		12.6	11.6
135	125	Tajikistan	14.3		2,052		18.7		170	8.3	28.9		0.9	1.6	2.3	4.0		1.2	..		7.3	12.1
136	127	Viet Nam	264.6		3,013		31.9		167	6.4	5.7		1.6	2.6	..	5.3		..	2.5		4.2	1.3
137	128	Namibia	13.9		5,986		26.5		141	23.5	21.6		4.2	4.0	7.9	8.1		2.7	3.9		..	..
138	129	Nicaragua	15.1		2,579		29.7		159	12.2	10.1		3.7	4.9	3.9	..		0.8	0.7		7.3	7.9
139	130	Morocco	143.5		4,373		30.6		111	18.4	15.4		1.2	2.0	5.8	5.4		2.3	3.5		7.3	3.6
140	131	Iraq	112.5		3,412		..		171	..	..		0.4	6.8	..	..		..	2.4		..	..
141	132	Cape Verde	1.8		3,616		36.5		121	30.7	20.7		3.4	3.1	..	5.6		1.3	0.5		3.0	2.2
142	133	Guatemala	64.2		4,351		14.6		134	7.0	10.5		2.2	2.5	..	3.2		0.8	0.4		2.0	3.8
143	134	Timor-Leste	1.6		1,393		..		134	35.2	..		6.3	5.1	..	14.0		..	4.9		..	..
144	135	Ghana	41.3		1,652		21.8		189	10.2	8.5		3.0	3.1	..	5.5		0.7	0.4		7.8	1.0
145	136	Equatorial Guinea	23.1		32,026		60.1	d	129	4.6	3.9	d	1.0	3.4	0.7	..		..	..		..	..
146	136	India	3,976.5		3,203		29.5		152	12.6	11.7		1.3	1.2	4.4	3.1		3.1	2.7		2.3	1.2
147	138	Cambodia	29.8		2,080		16.2	c	148	5.2	6.3	c	1.3	2.1	1.7	2.6		2.2	1.6		0.9	0.6
148	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	15.5		2,464		27.4		127	6.7	9.8		1.0	1.5	1.5	3.3		0.8	0.3		2.3	4.3
149	140	Bhutan	3.8		5,096		41.3	d	134	20.4	21.4	d	5.3	4.5	5.8	4.0		..	..		1.6	5.6
150	141	Swaziland	5.7		5,349		10.4		144	18.2	19.4		3.3	4.2	5.5	7.4		1.5	3.0		2.0	1.1
151	Low human development
152	142	Congo	16.1		3,885		23.4		130	11.6	9.7		1.2	1.1	..	6.2		..	1.1		1.4	1.6
153	143	Solomon Islands	1.4		2,581		..		152	25.2	..		4.8	8.0	..	6.1		..	..		2.1	3.0
154	144	Sao Tome and Principe	0.3		1,805		..		260	..	..		3.6	2.7	..	..		..	..		..	0.8
155	145	Kenya	62.7		1,507		24.3		180	15.1	13.3		1.9	2.1	5.2	6.7		1.3	1.9		4.7	1.2
156	146	Bangladesh	236.0		1,568		24.7		145	4.6	5.5		1.1	1.2	2.4	2.2		1.3	1.1		1.6	1.0
157	146	Pakistan	428.4		2,424		11.8		181	8.6	8.2		0.6	0.8	1.8	2.4		3.7	2.8		3.9	2.5
158	148	Angola	102.0		5,201		10.7		186	..	17.7		1.9	2.4	2.6	3.4		6.4	4.2		18.7	2.8
159	149	Myanmar	..		..		..		225	..	..		0.3	0.2	0.6	..		2.3	..		..	..
160	150	Cameroon	41.9		2,090		..		117	9.5	..		1.0	1.5	1.9	3.5		1.3	1.6		5.5	0.9
161	151	Madagascar	18.2		853		33.0	d	159	9.0	11.6	d	2.5	2.3	2.9	3.2		1.2	0.7		3.0	0.6
162	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	59.8		1,334		28.1		151	11.7	18.2		1.6	4.0	..	6.2		1.5	1.2		1.6	0.9
163	153	Nigeria	360.8		2,221		..		161	..	..		1.5	1.9	..	..		0.8	1.0		4.0	0.2
164	154	Senegal	22.2		1,737		30.7		115	12.8	8.8		1.6	3.1	3.2	5.6		1.3	1.6		4.8	2.3
165	155	Mauritania	8.0		2,255		25.9		133	20.2	12.3		3.1	2.3	..	4.3		3.5	3.8		6.4	3.0
166	156	Papua New Guinea	16.6		2,363		14.8		130	16.6	8.4		3.3	2.6	..	..		0.9	0.4		8.6	8.6
167	157	Nepal	33.6		1,102		21.2		155	8.9	9.6		1.3	1.8	3.0	4.7		0.8	1.4		1.9	1.2
168	158	Lesotho	3.3		1,504		34.9		141	41.7	32.6		3.4	8.5	11.8	13.0		4.0	3.1		8.2	1.6
169	159	Togo	5.6		914		19.4		116	10.5	..		1.4	3.4	4.4	4.5		..	1.7		2.3	1.1
170	160	Yemen	51.1		2,060		11.7	c	167	13.6	11.8	c	2.4	1.3	9.7	5.2		4.4	3.9	e	2.5	0.8
171	161	Haiti	10.5		1,034		..		150	7.8	..		1.7	1.5	..	..		0.0	0.0		..	2.0
172	161	Uganda	41.0		1,188		24.4		150	14.5	11.3		1.8	2.0	2.5	3.2		2.5	1.6		1.2	0.4
173	163	Zambia	19.2		1,423		21.3		167	9.5	11.6		2.9	3.6	2.0	1.3		..	1.7		5.7	0.9
174	164	Djibouti	..		2,087	d	..		129	29.7	..		3.9	4.7	9.7	8.4		5.1	3.7	e	2.4	..
175	165	Gambia	3.3		1,873		17.5		123	11.2	9.9		1.9	2.9	2.7	5.0		1.0	0.6		2.7	1.9
176	166	Benin	13.0		1,428		27.4		119	11.6	..		1.9	2.0	3.3	4.5		0.6	1.0	e	3.3	0.6
177	167	Rwanda	12.0		1,097		21.0	c	155	11.0	15.5	c	1.7	5.2	4.1	4.7		3.5	1.3		2.1	0.3
178	168	Côte d'Ivoire	31.9		1,581		16.4		114	7.2	9.1		1.3	1.1	3.8	4.6		..	1.6		9.8	1.7
179	169	Comoros	0.7		980		12.4	d	118	11.7	15.3	d	1.5	3.0	..	7.6		..	..		1.6	0.8
180	170	Malawi	12.4		805		20.8		156	14.6	15.7		2.8	4.0	5.2	5.7		0.7	1.1		3.6	0.4
181	171	Sudan	83.8		1,878		24.7		166	7.6	17.7		0.9	1.9	..	..		4.5	3.4		2.0	0.7
182	172	Zimbabwe	..		..		6.5		..	24.3	18.3		0.0	..	..	2.5		4.7	1.3		6.3	1.5
183	173	Ethiopia	83.0		979		19.0		223	17.9	9.0		2.3	2.6	3.9	4.7		7.5	0.9		1.7	0.6
184	174	Liberia	2.1		506		33.3		162	7.5	20.2		1.3	3.9	..	2.8		..	0.9		0.1	0.6
185	175	Afghanistan	37.2	c	1,083	c	16.3	c	141	..	10.7	c	2.3	0.9	..	..		..	3.8		..	0.1
186	176	Guinea-Bissau	1.7		1,097		..		119	14.0	..		1.0	0.9	..	..		4.4	..		2.4	2.1
187	177	Sierra Leone	4.6		769		14.9		163	14.3	11.1		1.1	1.5	4.9	4.3		3.7	1.2		7.3	0.6
188	178	Burundi	4.6		533		18.4		163	15.5	26.3		2.1	4.4	3.2	9.2		6.0	3.8	e	2.6	0.2
189	178	Guinea	10.1		990		20.0	c	237	6.8	7.5	c	0.7	0.6	2.5	2.4		1.5	..		5.0	1.8
190	180	Central African Republic	3.2		716		10.8	d	124	14.0	4.5	d	1.6	1.4	1.5	1.2		..	2.6		1.5	0.1
191	181	Eritrea	2.8		516		..		..	63.8	..		2.5	1.3	3.2	2.1		32.7	..		0.5	1.1
192	182	Mali	15.3		964		..		116	8.6	..		2.1	2.3	3.6	4.5		2.2	1.9		3.8	0.6
193	183	Burkina Faso	19.5		1,149		..		115	20.8	..		2.0	3.4	..	4.0		1.2	1.3		1.8	0.6
194	184	Chad	15.5		1,343		31.8	c	117	7.7	13.2	c	2.7	1.1	2.6	2.8		1.9	2.7		1.8	0.9
195	185	Mozambique	20.6		861		24.3		157	9.0	12.3		4.2	3.7	..	5.0		1.3	0.9	d	2.3	1.0
196	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	22.3		329		28.7	d	..	7.5	7.6	d	0.1	3.4	..	2.5		1.0	1.3		0.6	2.0
197	186	Niger	10.3		642		..		117	13.0	..		1.8	2.6	3.2	3.8		1.2	0.9		1.4	0.5
198	Other countries or territories
199		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	..		..		..		..	..	..		..	..	..	..		..	..		..	..
200		Marshall Islands	..		..		..		..	..	..		19.8	15.0	14.6	..		..	..		..	..
201		Monaco	..		..		..		..	..	..		2.8	3.8	1.3	1.2		..	..		..	..
202		Nauru	..		..		..		..	..	..		..	..	..	..		..	..		..	..
203		San Marino	..		..		..		114	..	..		6.5	6.1	..	..		..	..		..	..
204		Somalia	..		..		..		..	..	..		..	..	..	..		..	..		..	..
205		South Sudan	..		..		..		..	..	..		..	..	..	..		..	..		..	..
206		Tuvalu	..		..		..		..	..	..		12.3	14.2	..	..		..	..		..	..
207	Human Development Index groups
208		Very high human development	37,231.3		32,931		18.4		—	16.7	19.4		6.0	8.2	4.5	5.1		2.2	2.7		..	..
209		High human development	11,740.8		11,572		21.4		—	15.5	15.8		2.9	3.6	..	4.7		2.8	2.7		8.1	4.7
210		Medium human development	18,095.7		5,203		38.4		—	13.9	12.4		1.8	2.4	..	3.6		2.2	2.0		3.7	1.6
211		Low human development	1,948.5		1,623		18.4		—	10.1	11.1		1.4	1.8	..	3.5		2.5	2.0		3.9	1.3
212	Regions
213		Arab States	2,808.0		8,104		24.3		—	19.2	15.4		2.4	2.6	..	3.9		6.8	5.5		..	..
214		East Asia and the Pacific	12,580.2		6,616		..		—	..	..		1.7	2.5	..	..		..	..		..	..
215		Europe and Central Asia	5,946.1		12,458		22.5		—	15.7	15.4		3.7	4.3	..	4.1		2.8	2.7		6.8	8.3
216		Latin America and the Caribbean	6,046.4		10,429		20.1		—	14.7	16.1		3.2	3.8	4.3	5.3		1.4	1.4		8.9	2.8
217		South Asia	5,586.1		3,241		27.6		—	11.8	10.9		1.3	1.2	4.0	3.2		3.2	2.5		2.6	1.3
218		Sub-Saharan Africa	1,691.4		2,094		20.8		—	15.9	16.9		2.5	3.0	..	5.2		1.9	1.5		4.1	1.2
219		Least developed countries	1,065.9		1,346		..		—	9.7	..		1.7	2.2	..	3.7		..	2.2		3.1	1.3
220		SIDS	223.2		5,340		..		—	17.3	..		3.6	3.0	..	..		..	..		..	..
221		World	69,016.4		10,103		22.3		—	16.3	17.5		5.3	6.5	..	4.9		2.3	2.6		..	..
222
223		NOTES
224		a. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
225		b. For country-specific footnotes, see the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute’s Military Expenditure database at www.sipri.org/research/armaments/milex/milex_database.
226		c. Refers to 2010.
227		d. Refers to 2009.
228		e. Refers to 2008.
229
230		DEFINITIONS
231		GDP: Sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products, expressed in 2005 international dollars using purchasing power parity rates.
232		GDP per capita: Sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products, expressed in international dollars using purchasing power parity rates and divided by total population during the same period.
233		Gross fixed capital formation: Value of acquisitions of new or existing fixed assets by the business sector, governments and households (excluding their unincorporated enterprises) less disposals of fixed assets, expressed as a percentage of GDP. No adjustment is made for depreciation of fixed assets.
234		Consumer Price Index: An index that reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly.
235		General government final consumption expenditure: All government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees and most expenditures on national defense and security but excluding government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation), expressed as a percentage of GDP.
236		Public spending on health: Current and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds, expressed as a percentage of GDP.
237		Public spending on education: Total public expenditure (current and capital) on education, expressed as a percentage of GDP.
238		Public spending on the military: All expenditures of the defense ministry and other ministries on recruiting and training military personnel and on the construction and purchase of military supplies and equipment, expressed as a percentage of GDP.
239		Total debt service: Sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paid on short-term debt, and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the International Monetary Fund, expressed as a percentage of GDP.
240
241		MAIN DATA SOURCES
242		Columns 1-10: World Bank (2012a).
243		Columns 11 and 12: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (2012).
244		Columns 13 and 14: HDRO calculations based on data on total debt service as a percentage of GNI from World Bank (2012a).


1	Table 7: Health
2			IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE		Underweight children (moderate and severe)		HIV PREVALENCE, YOUTH		MORTALITY RATES									HEALTH CARE QUALITY
3			DTP	Measles			Female	Male	Infant	Under-five	Adult		Cause-specific					Physicians		Satisfaction with health care quality
4			DTP	Measles			Female	Male	Infant	Under-five	Female	Male	Due to malaria	Due to cholera		Due to cardiovascular diseases and diabetes	a	Physicians		Satisfaction with health care quality
5			(% of one-year-olds)		(% of children under five)		(% ages 15-24)		(deaths per 1,000 live births)		(per 1,000 adults)		(per 100,000 people per year)	(number)		(per 1,000 people)		(per 1,000 people)		(% satisfied)
6	HDI rank		2010	2010	2006-2010	b	2009	2009	2010	2010	2009	2009	2008	2005-2010	b	2008		2005-2010	b	2007-2009	b

7	VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
8	1	Norway	99	93	..		0.1	0.1	3	3	50	83	0.0	0		124		4.1		68
9	2	Australia	97	94	..		0.1	0.1	4	5	45	79	0.0	0		112		3.0		60
10	3	United States	99	92	..		0.2	0.3	7	8	78	134	0.0	0		156		2.7		56
11	4	Netherlands	99	96	..		0.1	0.1	4	4	56	75	0.0	0		122		3.9		77
12	5	Germany	97	96	..		0.1	0.1	3	4	53	99	0.0	0		170		3.5		47
13	6	New Zealand	95	91	..		0.1	0.1	5	6	57	86	0.0	0		138		2.4		64
14	7	Ireland	98	90	..		0.1	0.1	3	4	57	97	0.0	..		141		3.2		47
15	7	Sweden	99	96	..		0.1	0.1	2	3	47	74	0.0	0		141		3.6		81
16	9	Switzerland	98	90	..		0.1	0.2	4	5	43	74	0.0	0		114		4.1		81
17	10	Japan	99	94	..		0.1	0.1	2	3	42	86	0.0	0		91		2.1		54
18	11	Canada	92	93	..		0.1	0.1	5	6	53	87	0.0	0		121		1.9		73
19	12	Korea (Republic of)	96	98	..		0.1	0.1	4	5	46	109	0.0	0		141		2.0		60
20	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	..	..	..		..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..		..		..		67
21	13	Iceland	98	93	..		0.1	0.1	2	2	43	65	0.0	..		121		3.9		87
22	15	Denmark	93	85	..		0.1	0.1	3	4	65	107	0.0	0		143		3.4		82
23	16	Israel	96	98	..		0.1	0.1	4	5	45	78	0.0	..		116		3.6		70
24	17	Belgium	99	94	..		0.1	0.1	4	4	59	105	0.0	0		131		3.0		88
25	18	Austria	93	76	..		0.2	0.3	4	4	50	102	0.0	0		155		4.7		89
26	18	Singapore	98	95	..		0.1	0.1	2	3	42	76	0.0	..		140		1.8		86
27	20	France	99	90	..		0.1	0.2	3	4	54	117	0.0	0		98		3.5		84
28	21	Finland	99	98	..		0.1	0.1	2	3	56	124	0.0	0		157		2.7		85
29	21	Slovenia	98	95	..		0.1	0.1	2	3	54	131	0.0	0		168		2.5		68
30	23	Spain	99	95	..		0.1	0.2	4	5	43	94	0.0	0		113		3.7		84
31	24	Liechtenstein	..	..	..		..	..	2	2	..	..	..	..		..		..		..
32	25	Italy	98	90	..		0.1	0.1	3	4	41	77	0.0	0		128		4.2		59
33	26	Luxembourg	99	96	..		0.1	0.1	2	3	57	95	0.0	..		150		2.9		90
34	26	United Kingdom	98	93	..		0.1	0.2	5	5	58	95	0.0	0		133		2.7		81
35	28	Czech Republic	99	98	..		0.1	0.1	3	4	63	138	0.0	..		258		3.6		63
36	29	Greece	99	99	..		0.1	0.1	3	4	44	106	0.0	..		186		6.0		45
37	30	Brunei Darussalam	98	94	..		..	..	6	7	82	105	0.0	..		284		1.4		..
38	31	Cyprus	99	87	..		..	..	3	4	41	81	0.0	..		188		2.3		60
39	32	Malta	97	73	..		0.1	0.1	5	6	44	76	0.0	..		175		3.1		81
40	33	Andorra	99	99	..		..	..	3	4	44	94	0.0	..		..		3.7		..
41	33	Estonia	96	95	..		0.2	0.3	4	5	77	234	0.0	..		342		3.4		47
42	35	Slovakia	99	98	..		0.1	0.1	7	8	74	184	0.0	..		343		3.0		..
43	36	Qatar	98	99	..		0.1	0.1	7	8	48	69	0.0	0		195		2.8		..
44	37	Hungary	99	99	..		0.1	0.1	5	6	99	229	0.0	..		324		3.1		50
45	38	Barbados	95	85	..		1.1	0.9	17	20	80	136	0.1	..		233		1.8		..
46	39	Poland	99	98	..		0.1	0.1	5	6	76	197	0.0	0		283		2.1		45
47	40	Chile	93	93	..		0.1	0.2	8	9	59	116	0.0	..		156		1.1		45
48	41	Lithuania	98	96	..		0.1	0.1	5	7	95	274	0.0	..		375		3.7		29
49	41	United Arab Emirates	94	94	..		..	..	6	7	66	84	0.0	..		277		1.9		..
50	43	Portugal	99	96	..		0.2	0.3	3	4	54	123	0.0	..		154		3.8		69
51	44	Latvia	97	93	..		0.1	0.2	8	10	105	284	0.0	..		420		3.0		42
52	45	Argentina	98	99	2.3	c	0.2	0.3	12	14	88	160	0.0	..		207		3.2		66
53	46	Seychelles	99	99	..		..	..	12	14	108	227	0.0	0		..		1.5		..
54	47	Croatia	98	95	..		0.1	0.1	5	6	60	153	0.0	..		294		2.6		..
55	HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
56	48	Bahrain	99	99	..		..	..	9	10	87	127	0.1	..		339		1.4		..
57	49	Bahamas	99	94	..		3.1	1.4	14	16	126	202	0.0	..		239		..		..
58	50	Belarus	99	99	1.3		0.1	0.1	4	6	117	324	0.0	..		525		4.9		45
59	51	Uruguay	98	95	5.4		0.2	0.3	9	11	84	156	0.0	..		211		3.7		77
60	52	Montenegro	97	90	1.7		..	..	7	8	85	161	0.0	..		419		..		..
61	52	Palau	99	75	..		..	..	15	19	110	229	0.0	..		..		1.3		..
62	54	Kuwait	98	98	..		..	..	10	11	50	66	0.0	..		274		1.8		..
63	55	Russian Federation	99	98	..		0.3	0.2	9	12	144	391	0.0	0		580		4.3		35
64	56	Romania	99	95	3.5		0.1	0.1	11	14	90	219	0.0	..		398		1.9		44
65	57	Bulgaria	96	97	..		0.1	0.1	11	13	86	205	0.0	..		464		3.6		..
66	57	Saudi Arabia	98	98	..		..	..	15	18	102	186	0.0	..		456		0.9		69
67	59	Cuba	98	99	..		0.1	0.1	5	6	78	120	0.0	..		215		6.4		..
68	59	Panama	98	95	3.9		0.3	0.4	17	20	82	145	0.0	..		174		..		54
69	61	Mexico	96	95	3.4		0.1	0.2	14	17	88	157	0.0	0		237		2.9		69
70	62	Costa Rica	96	83	1.1		0.1	0.2	9	10	69	115	0.0	..		159		..		75
71	63	Grenada	99	95	..		..	..	9	11	143	248	0.0	..		299		..		..
72	64	Libya	98	98	..		..	..	13	17	101	175	0.0	..		396		1.9		..
73	64	Malaysia	98	96	12.9		0.1	0.1	5	6	95	175	0.1	2		278		0.9		89
74	64	Serbia	97	95	1.4		0.1	0.1	6	7	90	184	0.0	..		422		2.0		..
75	67	Antigua and Barbuda	99	98	..		..	..	7	8	158	197	0.0	..		..		..		..
76	67	Trinidad and Tobago	96	92	..		0.7	1	24	27	120	225	0.0	..		427		1.2		32
77	69	Kazakhstan	99	99	3.9		0.2	0.1	29	33	185	432	0.0	0		696		3.9		49
78	70	Albania	99	99	5.2		..	..	16	18	88	126	0.0	..		443		1.1		..
79	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	90	79	3.7		..	..	16	18	92	196	0.1	..		237		..		75
80	72	Dominica	99	99	..		..	..	11	12	103	192	0.0	..		..		..		..
81	72	Georgia	99	94	1.1		0.1	0.1	20	22	97	235	0.0	..		505		4.5		61
82	72	Lebanon	83	53	..		0.1	0.1	19	22	85	166	0.0	0		332		3.5		50
83	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	98	99	..		..	..	7	8	90	185	0.0	..		..		..		..
84	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	99	99	..		0.1	0.1	22	26	90	144	0.0	11		385		0.9		73
85	77	Peru	97	94	4.2		0.1	0.2	15	19	96	123	0.1	..		135		0.9		48
86	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	98	98	1.5		..	..	10	12	79	144	0.0	..		465		2.5		..
87	78	Ukraine	96	94	..		0.3	0.2	11	13	148	395	0.0	0		593		3.1		23
88	80	Mauritius	99	99	..		0.2	0.3	13	15	99	219	0.0	0		444		1.1		..
89	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	95	93	1.4		..	..	8	8	67	145	0.0	..		398		1.4		..
90	82	Azerbaijan	80	67	7.7		0.1	0.1	39	46	134	221	0.0	..		619		3.8		53
91	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	99	99	..		..	..	19	21	110	204	0.0	..		340		..		..
92	84	Oman	99	97	8.6		0.1	0.1	8	9	85	157	0.0	..		455		1.9		..
93	85	Brazil	99	99	1.7		..	..	17	19	102	205	0.1	0		264		1.7		44
94	85	Jamaica	99	88	2.0		0.7	1	20	24	131	224	0.0	..		248		0.9		..
95	87	Armenia	98	97	4.7		0.1	0.1	18	20	103	246	0.0	..		537		3.7		61
96	88	Saint Lucia	98	95	..		..	..	14	16	90	188	0.0	..		278		0.5		..
97	89	Ecuador	99	98	6.2		0.2	0.2	18	20	96	173	0.0	..		167		..		64
98	90	Turkey	97	97	1.7		0.1	0.1	14	18	73	134	0.0	..		362		1.5		67
99	91	Colombia	96	88	3.4		0.1	0.2	17	19	80	166	0.3	..		186		1.4		63
100	92	Sri Lanka	99	99	21.1		0.1	0.1	14	17	82	275	0.0	..		312		0.5		83
101	93	Algeria	99	95	3.2		0.1	0.1	31	36	105	135	0.0	0		277		1.2		52
102	94	Tunisia	98	97	3.3		0.1	0.1	14	16	70	129	0.1	..		257		1.2		80
103	MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
104	95	Tonga	99	99	..		..	..	13	16	233	135	0.8	..		396		0.3		..
105	96	Belize	99	98	4.3		1.8	0.7	14	17	129	202	0.0	..		256		0.8		50
106	96	Dominican Republic	96	79	7.1		0.7	0.3	22	27	149	172	0.1	0		320		..		58
107	96	Fiji	99	94	..		0.1	0.1	15	17	157	263	0.0	..		457		0.5		..
108	96	Samoa	97	61	..		..	..	17	20	167	198	0.9	..		427		0.3		..
109	100	Jordan	98	98	1.9		..	..	18	22	111	195	0.0	..		468		2.5		66
110	101	China	99	99	3.8	c	..	..	16	18	87	142	0.0	4		287		1.4		..
111	102	Turkmenistan	99	99	8.2		..	..	47	56	212	380	0.0	..		773		2.4		..
112	103	Thailand	99	98	7.0		..	..	11	13	139	270	0.4	0		311		0.3		85
113	104	Maldives	97	97	17.3		0.1	0.1	14	15	70	97	0.9	..		351		1.6		..
114	105	Suriname	99	89	7.2		0.4	0.6	27	31	124	217	2.5	..		351		..		..
115	106	Gabon	69	55	..		3.5	1.4	54	74	262	321	31.0	0		370		0.3		..
116	107	El Salvador	97	92	5.5		0.3	0.4	14	16	128	281	0.0	..		203		1.6		59
117	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	87	79	4.3		0.1	0.1	42	54	132	203	0.0	..		290		..		59
118	108	Mongolia	98	97	5.0		0.1	0.1	26	32	141	305	0.0	0		379		2.8		52
119	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	..	..	..		..	..	20	22	..	..	..	..		..		..		50
120	111	Paraguay	96	94	3.4		0.1	0.2	21	25	98	168	0.0	0		249		1.1		66
121	112	Egypt	97	96	6.0		0.1	0.1	19	22	130	215	0.2	..		406		2.8		53
122	113	Moldova (Republic of)	93	97	3.2		0.1	0.1	16	19	134	309	0.0	..		525		2.7		41
123	114	Philippines	89	88	21.6	c	0.1	0.1	23	29	130	240	0.2	2		345		1.2		81
124	114	Uzbekistan	99	98	4.0		0.1	0.1	44	52	139	220	0.0	..		641		2.6		..
125	116	Syrian Arab Republic	89	82	10.1		..	..	14	16	95	159	0.0	..		400		1.5		56
126	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	90	80	..		..	..	34	42	161	183	0.3	0		412		0.6		..
127	118	Guyana	99	95	10.5		0.8	0.6	25	30	224	286	5.0	..		452		..		63
128	119	Botswana	98	94	11.2		11.8	5.2	36	48	324	372	1.0	0		346		0.3		72
129	120	Honduras	99	99	8.1		0.2	0.3	20	24	134	237	0.1	..		376		..		68
130	121	Indonesia	94	89	18.4		0.1	0.1	27	35	143	234	3.2	19		350		0.3		79
131	121	Kiribati	97	89	..		..	..	39	49	173	325	2.6	..		..		0.3		..
132	121	South Africa	73	65	8.7	c	13.6	4.5	41	57	479	521	0.2	28		321		0.8		63
133	124	Vanuatu	78	52	..		..	..	12	14	159	200	8.5	..		399		0.1		..
134	125	Kyrgyzstan	99	99	2.2		0.1	0.1	33	38	162	327	0.0	..		605		2.3		57
135	125	Tajikistan	95	94	15.0		0.1	0.1	52	63	160	183	0.0	..		523		2.0		64
136	127	Viet Nam	93	98	20.2		0.1	0.1	19	23	107	173	0.1	0		339		1.2		74
137	128	Namibia	87	75	16.6		5.8	2.3	29	40	357	540	29.0	0		495		0.4		68
138	129	Nicaragua	99	99	5.5		0.1	0.1	23	27	122	210	0.0	..		234		0.4		66
139	130	Morocco	99	98	8.6		0.1	0.1	30	36	87	126	0.0	..		355		0.6		..
140	131	Iraq	81	73	6.4		..	..	31	39	145	292	0.0	24		424		0.7		44
141	132	Cape Verde	99	96	..		..	..	29	36	111	272	0.2	0		300		0.6		..
142	133	Guatemala	96	93	13.0	c	0.3	0.5	25	32	151	280	0.1	..		190		..		60
143	134	Timor-Leste	75	66	44.7		..	..	46	55	154	233	83.0	..		318		0.1		..
144	135	Ghana	96	93	13.9		1.3	0.5	50	74	253	402	48.0	51		386		0.1		74
145	136	Equatorial Guinea	65	51	..		5	1.9	81	121	355	373	98.0	33		484		0.3		..
146	136	India	83	74	42.5		0.1	0.1	48	63	169	250	1.9	6		336		0.6		67
147	138	Cambodia	93	93	28.3		0.1	0.1	43	51	190	350	3.7	0		408		0.2		75
148	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	81	64	31.1		0.2	0.1	42	54	251	289	2.9	3		430		0.3		69
149	140	Bhutan	94	95	12.7		0.1	0.1	44	56	194	256	0.2	..		425		0.0		..
150	141	Swaziland	95	94	5.8		15.6	6.5	55	78	560	674	0.3	0		499		0.2		..
151	LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
152	142	Congo	90	76	11.4		2.6	1.2	61	93	320	409	121.0	0		463		0.1		34
153	143	Solomon Islands	85	68	11.8		..	..	23	27	119	170	30.0	..		367		0.2		..
154	144	Sao Tome and Principe	98	92	13.1		..	..	53	80	104	161	9.2	33		308		0.5		..
155	145	Kenya	93	86	16.1		4.1	1.8	55	85	282	358	12.0	21		363		0.1		62
156	146	Bangladesh	98	94	41.0		0.1	0.1	38	48	222	246	1.8	..		418		0.3		69
157	146	Pakistan	90	86	31.3		0.1	0.1	70	87	189	225	0.6	0		422		0.8		41
158	148	Angola	97	93	15.6	c	1.6	0.6	98	161	353	377	89.0	0		483		0.1		62
159	149	Myanmar	93	88	22.6		0.3	0.3	50	66	188	275	34.0	1		369		0.5		..
160	150	Cameroon	92	79	16.0		3.9	1.6	84	136	409	420	121.0	110		498		0.2		54
161	151	Madagascar	78	67	..		0.1	0.1	43	62	198	273	8.5	0		376		0.2		82
162	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	98	92	15.8		3.9	1.7	50	76	311	456	87.0	94		427		0.0		30
163	153	Nigeria	77	71	23.1		2.9	1.2	88	143	365	377	146.0	174		456		0.4		55
164	154	Senegal	80	60	13.7		0.7	0.3	50	75	218	266	76.0	458		373		0.1		57
165	155	Mauritania	82	67	14.7	c	0.3	0.4	75	111	262	315	36.0	70		422		0.1		31
166	156	Papua New Guinea	80	55	18.4		0.8	0.3	47	61	221	274	45.0	0		428		0.1		..
167	157	Nepal	85	86	38.6		0.1	0.2	41	50	159	234	0.0	0		350		0.2		80
168	158	Lesotho	93	85	13.2		14.2	5.4	65	85	573	676	0.1	0		452		0.1		..
169	159	Togo	97	84	16.6		2.2	0.9	66	103	278	338	65.0	15		403		0.1		22
170	160	Yemen	94	73	43.1		..	..	57	77	180	237	4.9	3		494		0.3		..
171	161	Haiti	83	59	17.7		1.3	0.6	70	165	227	278	5.7	3,990		411		..		35
172	161	Uganda	83	55	15.9		4.8	2.3	63	99	348	539	103.0	98		473		0.1		48
173	163	Zambia	99	91	14.6		8.9	4.2	69	111	477	580	104.0	7		518		0.1		53
174	164	Djibouti	90	85	22.9		1.9	0.8	73	91	271	326	1.2	27		490		0.2		56
175	165	Gambia	99	97	18.1		2.4	0.9	57	98	246	296	93.0	13		417		0.0		..
176	166	Benin	94	69	18.4		0.7	0.3	73	115	246	385	105.0	11		454		0.1		52
177	167	Rwanda	92	82	11.4		1.9	1.3	59	91	258	304	15.0	0		408		0.0		78
178	168	Côte d'Ivoire	95	70	15.9		1.5	0.7	86	123	456	528	116.0	6		536		0.1		..
179	169	Comoros	81	72	..		0.1	0.1	63	86	229	284	58.0	0		450		0.2		..
180	170	Malawi	97	93	12.8		6.8	3.1	58	92	496	691	87.0	11		587		0.0		66
181	171	Sudan	99	90	27.0		1.3	0.5	66	103	275	291	23.0	1,011		548		0.3		48
182	172	Zimbabwe	94	84	9.7		6.9	3.3	51	80	574	672	40.0	26		324		0.2		27
183	173	Ethiopia	90	81	33.2		..	..	68	106	379	445	10.0	0		508		0.0		19
184	174	Liberia	75	64	14.9	c	0.7	0.3	74	103	337	389	98.0	18		437		0.0		38
185	175	Afghanistan	86	62	32.9		..	..	103	149	352	440	0.3	0		675		0.2		46
186	176	Guinea-Bissau	92	61	18.1		2	0.8	92	150	369	431	203.0	399		513		0.0		..
187	177	Sierra Leone	96	82	21.1		1.5	0.6	114	174	363	414	239.0	0		440		0.0		46
188	178	Burundi	99	92	28.8		2.1	1	88	142	407	424	39.0	18		464		0.0		47
189	178	Guinea	75	51	20.8		0.9	0.4	81	130	337	474	165.0	107		520		0.1		31
190	180	Central African Republic	64	62	24.4		2.2	1	106	159	470	461	192.0	0		498		0.1		..
191	181	Eritrea	99	99	34.5		0.4	0.2	42	61	179	249	0.7	0		383		0.1		..
192	182	Mali	90	63	26.7		0.5	0.2	99	178	218	357	131.0	76		406		0.0		44
193	183	Burkina Faso	98	94	25.7		0.8	0.5	93	176	262	443	221.0	16		463		0.1		50
194	184	Chad	71	46	30.3		2.5	1	99	173	384	412	235.0	14		500		0.0		42
195	185	Mozambique	77	70	18.3		8.6	3.1	92	135	434	557	171.0	24		512		0.0		69
196	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	67	68	24.2		..	..	112	170	331	442	193.0	244		477		0.1		..
197	186	Niger	80	71	40.2	c	0.5	0.2	73	143	224	229	184.0	55		381		0.0		46
198	OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
199		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	94	99	18.8		..	..	26	33	126	207	0.0	..		303		3.3		..
200		Marshall Islands	99	97	..		..	..	22	26	386	429	1.1	..		..		0.6		..
201		Monaco	99	99	..		..	..	3	4	51	112	0.0	..		..		..		..
202		Nauru	99	99	4.8		..	..	32	40	303	448	0.0	..		..		0.7		..
203		San Marino	95	93	..		..	..	2	2	48	57	0.0	..		..		..		..
204		Somalia	55	46	31.6		0.6	0.4	108	180	350	382	28.0	1,182		572		0.0		..
205		South Sudan	..	..	..		..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..		..		..		..
206		Tuvalu	99	85	1.6		..	..	27	33	280	255	0.0	..		..		0.6		..
207
208		HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX GROUPS
209		Very high human development	98	94	..		..	..	5	6	60	114	0.0	..		150		2.9		62
210		High human development	97	95	..		..	..	16	18	105	221	0.0	..		357		2.3		..
211		Medium human development	90	85	22.7		..	..	33	42	132	204	1.3	..		324		1.0		..
212		Low human development	87	78	26.1		..	..	73	110	287	346	65.4	138		450		0.3		50
213
214		REGIONS
215		Arab States	93	87	..		..	..	36	48	139	198	3.5	..		409		1.4		..
216		East Asia and the Pacific	97	95	9.7		..	..	20	24	103	168	1.5	..		305		1.2		..
217		Europe and Central Asia	98	96	..		..	..	17	21	118	281	0.0	..		492		3.1		45
218		Latin America and the Caribbean	96	93	4.0		..	..	18	23	99	181	0.2	..		236		..		57
219		South Asia	86	78	40.2		..	..	50	65	173	245	1.6	..		360		0.6		65
220		Sub-Saharan Africa	84	75	21.2		..	..	76	120	355	430	98.1	86		447		0.2		..
221
222		Least developed countries	88	78	27.3		..	..	71	108	282	357	62.1	190		459		0.2		..
223		SIDS	89	72	..		..	..	41	70	155	207	15.6	..		342		2.6		..
224
225		World	91	85	..		..	..	40	55	137	211	12.2	..		323		1.4		..
226
227		NOTES
228		a. Estimates are age-standardized and based on a combination of country life tables, cause of death models, regional cause of death patterns, and World Health Organization and Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS estimates for some major causes (not including chronic diseases).
229		b. Data are for the most recent year available during the period specified.
230		c. Data differ from standard definition or refer to only part of the country.
231
232		DEFINITIONS
233		Immunization coverage for DTP: Percentage of one-year-olds who have received three doses of the combined diphtheria, tetanus toxoid and pertussis (DTP) vaccine.
234		Immunization coverage for measles: Percentage of one-year-olds who have received at least one dose of a measles vaccine.
235		Underweight children: Percentage of children under age 5 falling two standard deviations or more below the median weight-for-age of the reference population.
236		HIV prevalence: Percentage of the population ages 15–24 who are infected with HIV.
237		Infant mortality rate: Probability of dying between birth and exactly age 1, expressed per 1,000 live births.
238		Under-five mortality rate: Probability of dying between birth and exactly age 5, expressed per 1,000 live births.
239		Adult mortality rate: Probability that a 15-year-old person will die before reaching age 60, expressed per 1,000 adults.
240		Cause-specific deaths: Deaths attributable to a certain disease or cause.
241		Physicians: Number of physicians (both generalists and specialists), expressed per 1,000 people.
242		Satisfaction with heath care quality: Percentage of respondents who answered "yes" to the Gallup World Poll question, "In this country, do you have confidence in the healthcare or medical systems?"
243
244		MAIN DATA SOURCES
245		Columns 1, 2, 8 and 9: WHO (2012a).
246		Columns 3-5: UNICEF (2012).
247		Columns 6, 10, 11 and 13: WHO (2012b).
248		Column 7: Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (2012).
249		Column 12: HDRO calculations based on data on female deaths and male deaths due to cardiovascular diseases and diabetes from WHO (2012b) and population data from UNDESA (2011).
250		Column 14: Gallup (2012).


1	Table 8: Education
2			EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT				GROSS ENROLMENT RATIO						EDUCATION QUALITY
3			Adult literacy rate		Population with at least secondary education		Primary		Secondary		Tertiary		Primary school teachers trained to teach		Performance of 15-year-old students												Satisfaction with education quality		Primary school dropout rate
4			Adult literacy rate		Population with at least secondary education		Primary		Secondary		Tertiary		Primary school teachers trained to teach		Mean score						Deviation from mean						Satisfaction with education quality		Primary school dropout rate
5			(% ages 15 and older)		(% ages 25 and older)		(%)		(%)		(%)		(%)		Reading	a	Mathematics	b	Science	c	Reading		Mathematics		Science		(% satisfied)		(% of primary school cohort)
6	HDI rank		2005-2010	d	2010		2002-2011	d	2002-2011	d	2002-2011	d	2005-2011	d	2009		2009		2009		2009		2009		2009		2011		2002-2011	d

7	VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
8	1	Norway	..		95.2		99.0		110.0		73.8		..		503		498		500		91		85		90		..		0.5
9	2	Australia	..		92.2		104.0		129.0		75.9		..		515		514		527		99		94		101		67.3		..
10	3	United States	..		94.5		102.0		96.0		94.8		..		500		487		502		97		91		98		62.8		6.9
11	4	Netherlands	..		88.9		108.0		120.0		62.7		..		508		526		522		89		89		96		60.3		..
12	5	Germany	..		96.5		102.0		103.0		..		..		497		513		520		95		98		101		65.6	e	4.4
13	6	New Zealand	..		83.7		101.0		119.0		82.6		..		521		519		532		103		96		107		69.9		..
14	7	Ireland	..		73.9		108.0		117.0		61.0		..		496		487		508		95		86		97		83.6		..
15	7	Sweden	..		85.0		100.0		100.0		70.8		..		497		494		495		99		94		100		61.6		1.0
16	9	Switzerland	..		95.8		102.0		95.0		51.5		..		501		534		517		93		99		96		..		..
17	10	Japan	..		81.1	f	103.0		102.0		59.0		..		520		529		539		100		94		100		54.6		0.0
18	11	Canada	..		100.0		99.0		101.0		60.0		..		524		527		529		90		88		90		75.4		..
19	12	Korea (Republic of)	..		85.4	f	104.0		97.0		103.9		..		542		546		538		79		89		82		50.5		1.2
20	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	..		72.3		102.0		83.0		59.7		95.6		533		555		549		84		95		87		49.6		0.5
21	13	Iceland	..		91.3		99.0		107.0		74.1		..		500		507		496		96		91		95		..		2.5
22	15	Denmark	..		99.4		99.0		117.0		74.4		..		495		503		499		84		87		92		64.5		0.5
23	16	Israel	..		84.1		113.0		91.0		62.5		..		474		447		455		112		104		107		64.0		1.1
24	17	Belgium	..		79.4		105.0		111.0		67.5		..		506		515		507		102		104		105		62.1		6.6
25	18	Austria	..		100.0		100.0		100.0		60.2		..		470		496		494		100		96		102		63.7		2.3
26	18	Singapore	96.1	g	75.0		101.8		106.9		71.0		94.3		526		562		542		97		104		104		91.8		0.9	g
27	20	France	..		78.4		111.0		113.0		54.5		..		496		497		498		106		101		103		58.5		..
28	21	Finland	..		100.0		99.0		108.0		91.6		..		536		541		554		86		82		89		81.9		0.5
29	21	Slovenia	99.7	h	95.6		98.0		97.0		86.9		..		483		501		512		91		95		94		72.6		0.5
30	23	Spain	97.7		66.4		107.0		119.0		73.2		..		481		483		488		88		91		87		59.0		0.5
31	24	Liechtenstein	..		..		106.0		70.0		34.4		..		499		536		520		83		88		87		..		18.2
32	25	Italy	98.9	h	72.8		103.0		99.0		66.0		..		486		483		489		96		93		97		46.7		0.3
33	26	Luxembourg	..		77.9		100.0		98.0		10.5		..		472		489		484		104		98		104		64.8		..
34	26	United Kingdom	..		99.7		106.0		102.0		58.5		..		494		492		514		95		87		99		76.9	e	..
35	28	Czech Republic	..		99.8		106.0		90.0		60.7		..		478		493		500		92		93		97		71.4		0.4
36	29	Greece	97.2	h	62.0		100.0		101.0		89.4		..		483		466		470		95		89		92		47.9		2.6
37	30	Brunei Darussalam	95.2	h	63.8	f	108.0		110.0		17.2		87.1		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		3.9
38	31	Cyprus	98.3	h	74.5		105.0		98.0		52.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		65.6		4.7
39	32	Malta	92.4		62.5		95.0		105.0		33.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		58.5		20.3
40	33	Andorra	..		49.4		84.0		87.0		11.2		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
41	33	Estonia	99.8	h	94.5	f	99.0		104.0		62.7		..		501		512		528		83		81		84		49.5		1.6
42	35	Slovakia	..		98.8		102.0		89.0		54.2		..		477		497		490		90		96		95		58.4		2.3
43	36	Qatar	96.3		63.4		103.0		94.0		10.0		42.9		372		368		379		115		98		104		69.9		6.4
44	37	Hungary	99.0	i	94.8	f	102.0		98.0		61.7		..		494		490		503		90		92		86		56.4		2.3
45	38	Barbados	..		88.6	f	120.0		101.0		65.9		58.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		4.2
46	39	Poland	99.5	i	80.0		97.0		97.0		70.5		..		500		495		508		89		88		87		60.8		2.4
47	40	Chile	98.6		74.0		106.0		88.0		59.2		..		449		421		447		83		80		81		44.0		2.6
48	41	Lithuania	99.7	h	90.2		97.0		98.0		77.4		..		468		477		491		86		88		85		51.1		1.6
49	41	United Arab Emirates	90.0		64.3	f	104.0		92.0		22.5		100.0		459	j	453	j	466	j	107	j	99	j	106	j	80.6	e	3.3
50	43	Portugal	95.2	i	40.4		114.0		107.0		62.2		..		489		487		493		87		91		83		64.9		..
51	44	Latvia	99.8	h	98.4		101.0		95.0		60.1		..		484		482		494		80		79		78		51.0		5.4
52	45	Argentina	97.8	h	56.0	f	118.0		89.0		71.2		..		398		388		401		108		93		102		62.6		6.2
53	46	Seychelles	91.8		66.8		117.0		119.0		..		99.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		15.1
54	47	Croatia	98.8	h	64.4	f	93.0		95.0		49.2		..		476		460		486		88		88		85		63.7		1.0
55	HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
56	48	Bahrain	91.9	h	78.0	f	107.0		103.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		80.5	e	1.8
57	49	Bahamas	..		89.6		114.0		96.0		..		91.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		10.5
58	50	Belarus	99.6		..		100.0		96.0		83.0		99.8		..		..		..		..		..		..		55.4		0.3
59	51	Uruguay	98.1		49.8		113.0		90.0		63.3		..		426		427		427		99		91		97		55.8		4.8
60	52	Montenegro	98.4	h	98.2		107.0		104.0		47.6		..		408		403		401		93		85		87		62.1		..
61	52	Palau	..		..		101.0		96.0		37.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
62	54	Kuwait	93.9		48.9		106.0		101.0		21.9		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		61.2	e	4.0
63	55	Russian Federation	99.6	h	94.7	f	99.0		89.0		75.9		..		459		468		478		90		85		90		38.0		3.9
64	56	Romania	97.7	h	86.8		96.0		95.0		63.8		..		424		427		428		90		79		79		45.3		4.9
65	57	Bulgaria	98.4		92.6		103.0		88.0		53.0		..		429		428		439		113		99		106		35.4		6.2
66	57	Saudi Arabia	86.6	h	54.6	f	106.0		101.0		36.8		91.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		61.8	e	6.7
67	59	Cuba	99.8	h	77.1	f	103.0		89.0		95.2		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		3.8
68	59	Panama	94.1		62.1	f	108.0		74.0		44.6		91.6		371		360		376		99		81		90		73.2		6.2
69	61	Mexico	93.1		53.9		115.0		87.0		27.0		95.6		425		419		416		85		79		77		64.5		6.0
70	62	Costa Rica	96.2	h	53.6	f	110.0		100.0		25.6		89.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		80.0		11.2
71	63	Grenada	..		..		103.0		108.0		52.8		65.3		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
72	64	Libya	89.2	i	49.6	f	114.0		110.0		54.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
73	64	Malaysia	93.1		69.4	f	96.0		68.0		40.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		91.4		2.3
74	64	Serbia	99.3	h	85.1		96.0		91.0		49.1		94.2		442		442		443		84		91		84		58.0		1.4
75	67	Antigua and Barbuda	99.0		..		102.0		105.0		16.4		54.8		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
76	67	Trinidad and Tobago	98.8	h	59.3		105.0		90.0		11.5		88.0		416		414		410		113		99		108		83.3		10.6
77	69	Kazakhstan	99.7	h	99.3		111.0		100.0		40.8		..		390		405		400		91		83		87		49.9		0.2
78	70	Albania	95.9		81.7		87.0		89.0		18.4		..		385		377		391		100		91		89		54.7		4.8
79	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	95.5		52.4		103.0		83.0		78.1		88.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		81.2		7.9
80	72	Dominica	..		26.5		112.0		98.0		3.6		60.8		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		11.9
81	72	Georgia	99.7	h	91.0		109.0		86.0		28.2		94.6		..		..		..		..		..		..		65.7		3.8
82	72	Lebanon	89.6		54.2		105.0		81.0		54.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		67.6	e	8.2
83	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	..		..		93.0		97.0		18.2		61.6		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		26.5
84	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	85.0		66.0		108.0		84.0		42.8		98.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		67.9		5.7
85	77	Peru	89.6		52.9		109.0		92.0		35.0		..		370		365		369		98		90		89		49.1		..
86	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	97.3	h	78.6		89.0		83.0		40.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		61.6		2.5
87	78	Ukraine	99.7	h	93.5	f	99.0		96.0		79.5		99.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		50.1		2.3
88	80	Mauritius	88.5	h	49.0	f	99.0		89.0		24.9		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		83.5		2.2
89	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	97.9	h	..		88.0		90.0		35.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		67.9		26.8
90	82	Azerbaijan	99.8		92.7		94.0		85.0		19.3		100.0		362		431		373		76		64		74		53.0		3.6
91	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	..		..		105.0		107.0		..		84.1		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
92	84	Oman	86.6		53.9		105.0		100.0		24.5		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		70.0	e	2.7
93	85	Brazil	90.3		49.5		127.0		101.0		36.1		..		412		386		405		94		81		84		53.7		24.3
94	85	Jamaica	86.6	i	72.6	f	89.0		93.0		29.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		73.7		4.8
95	87	Armenia	99.6	h	94.4	f	103.0		92.0		51.5		77.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		45.7		2.3
96	88	Saint Lucia	..		..		94.0		96.0		11.3		86.8		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		7.9
97	89	Ecuador	91.9		36.6		114.0		80.0		39.8		82.6		..		..		..		..		..		..		74.5		19.4
98	90	Turkey	90.8		34.5		102.0		78.0		45.8		..		464		445		454		82		93		81		54.3		8.2
99	91	Colombia	93.4		43.1		115.0		96.0		39.1		100.0		413		381		402		87		75		81		71.7		15.5
100	92	Sri Lanka	91.2		73.9		99.0		87.0		15.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		77.9		1.4
101	93	Algeria	72.6		24.1		110.0		95.0		30.8		99.3		..		..		..		..		..		..		67.1	e	5.0
102	94	Tunisia	77.6		37.0		109.0		90.0		34.4		..		404		371		401		85		78		81		54.8	e	5.3
103	MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
104	95	Tonga	99.0		74.0	f	110.0		101.0		6.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		9.6
105	96	Belize	..		34.0	f	121.0		75.0		21.5		45.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		9.7
106	96	Dominican Republic	89.5		42.5		108.0		76.0		34.0		84.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		68.9		..
107	96	Fiji	..		57.8		105.0		86.0		16.1		97.8		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		9.1
108	96	Samoa	98.8	h	62.1		108.0		85.0		7.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
109	100	Jordan	92.6		73.3		97.0		91.0		41.8		..		405		387		415		91		83		89		63.3	e	6.6
110	101	China	94.3	h	62.7	f	111.0		81.0		25.9		..		556	k	600	k	575	k	80	k	103	k	82	k	62.6		..
111	102	Turkmenistan	99.6	h	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		74.3		..
112	103	Thailand	93.5		32.2		91.0		79.0		47.7		..		421		419		425		72		79		80		88.7		..
113	104	Maldives	98.4		25.4		109.0		71.0		..		77.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
114	105	Suriname	94.7		43.7		113.0		75.0		12.1		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		9.7
115	106	Gabon	88.4	i	44.4	f	182.0		53.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		46.5		..
116	107	El Salvador	84.5		37.5		114.0		65.0		23.4		92.7		..		..		..		..		..		..		72.7		13.5
117	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	91.2		44.5		105.0		80.0		38.6		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		68.2		16.3
118	108	Mongolia	97.4	h	82.4	f	100.0		93.0		53.3		97.6		..		..		..		..		..		..		57.9		5.9
119	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	94.9		52.1		91.0		86.0		50.2		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		63.5	e	1.5
120	111	Paraguay	93.9		36.9		100.0		67.0		36.6		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		66.9		21.9
121	112	Egypt	72.0		51.2	f	106.0		85.0		30.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		42.6	e	..
122	113	Moldova (Republic of)	98.5	h	93.3		94.0		88.0		38.1		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		53.7		4.8
123	114	Philippines	95.4		64.8	f	106.0		85.0		28.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		79.2		24.2
124	114	Uzbekistan	99.4	h	..		95.0		106.0		8.9		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		85.0		1.9
125	116	Syrian Arab Republic	83.4	h	32.8		118.0		72.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		59.1	e	5.4
126	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	..		..		110.0		83.0		14.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
127	118	Guyana	..		55.6	f	85.0		91.0		11.9		66.1		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		16.5
128	119	Botswana	84.5		75.5	f	108.0		80.0		7.4		97.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		66.4		13.2
129	120	Honduras	84.8		19.8		116.0		73.0		18.8		36.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		63.6		23.8
130	121	Indonesia	92.6		41.4		118.0		77.0		23.1		..		402		371		383		66		70		69		80.1		20.0
131	121	Kiribati	..		..		113.0		86.0		..		85.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		21.1
132	121	South Africa	88.7		70.4		102.0		94.0		..		87.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		69.3		23.0
133	124	Vanuatu	82.6		..		117.0		55.0		4.7		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		28.5
134	125	Kyrgyzstan	99.2		81.1	f	100.0		84.0		48.8		68.4		314		331		330		99		81		91		47.7		2.4
135	125	Tajikistan	99.7	h	89.7	f	102.0		87.0		19.7		92.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		76.4		1.1
136	127	Viet Nam	93.2		26.3	f	106.0		77.0		22.3		98.3		..		..		..		..		..		..		80.4		7.9
137	128	Namibia	88.8	h	33.5	f	107.0		64.0		9.0		95.6		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		17.4
138	129	Nicaragua	78.0		37.6	f	118.0		69.0		18.0		74.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		81.0		51.6
139	130	Morocco	56.1		28.0	f	114.0		56.0		13.2		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		41.6	e	9.5
140	131	Iraq	78.2	h	32.4	f	105.0		53.0		16.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		38.0		33.3
141	132	Cape Verde	84.3	h	..		110.0		88.0		17.8		90.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		14.3
142	133	Guatemala	75.2	h	14.8		116.0		59.0		17.8		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		71.8		35.2
143	134	Timor-Leste	58.3		..		117.0		56.0		16.7		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		33.4
144	135	Ghana	67.3	h	53.8	f	107.0		58.0		8.8		50.6		..		..		..		..		..		..		57.2		27.8
145	136	Equatorial Guinea	93.9	h	..		87.0		27.0		3.3		45.3		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		38.1
146	136	India	62.8		38.7	f	118.0		60.0		16.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		74.8		34.2
147	138	Cambodia	77.6		15.7	f	127.0		46.0		7.8		99.1		..		..		..		..		..		..		94.1		45.5
148	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	72.7		29.7	f	121.0		45.0		13.4		96.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		78.9		33.0
149	140	Bhutan	52.8		34.4		111.0		70.0		8.8		91.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		9.0
150	141	Swaziland	87.4	h	48.1	f	116.0		58.0		4.4		73.1		..		..		..		..		..		..		77.8		16.1
151	LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
152	142	Congo	..		46.2	f	115.0		45.0		5.5		86.8		..		..		..		..		..		..		46.6		29.7
153	143	Solomon Islands	..		..		109.0		36.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
154	144	Sao Tome and Principe	89.2	h	..		134.0		59.0		4.5		40.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		32.0
155	145	Kenya	87.4	h	41.9		113.0		60.0		4.0		96.8		..		..		..		..		..		..		59.6		27.2
156	146	Bangladesh	56.8	h	35.1	f	..		..		10.6		58.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		81.6		33.8
157	146	Pakistan	54.9		31.2		95.0		34.0		5.4		84.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		60.5		38.5
158	148	Angola	70.1	h	..		124.0		31.0		3.7		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		42.0		68.1
159	149	Myanmar	92.3	h	17.8	f	126.0		54.0		11.0		99.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		25.2
160	150	Cameroon	70.7		27.9	f	120.0		42.0		11.5		57.1		..		..		..		..		..		..		62.1		33.8
161	151	Madagascar	64.5		..		149.0		31.0		3.7		90.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		45.8		65.4
162	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	73.2	h	7.4	f	102.0		..		2.1		94.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		44.8		18.6
163	153	Nigeria	61.3	h	..		83.0		44.0		10.3		66.1		..		..		..		..		..		..		47.4		20.1
164	154	Senegal	49.7		7.5	f	87.0		37.0		7.9		47.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		38.0		40.4
165	155	Mauritania	58.0	h	14.2	f	102.0		24.0		4.4		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		39.2	e	29.3
166	156	Papua New Guinea	60.6	h	10.5	f	60.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
167	157	Nepal	60.3	h	28.3	f	115.0		44.0		5.6		80.7		..		..		..		..		..		..		73.0		38.3
168	158	Lesotho	89.6	h	20.9		103.0		46.0		3.5		63.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		43.2		30.7
169	159	Togo	57.1		29.8	f	140.0		46.0		5.9		76.7		..		..		..		..		..		..		45.4		40.6
170	160	Yemen	63.9		16.0	f	87.0		44.0		10.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		37.2	e	40.5
171	161	Haiti	48.7		29.1	f	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		39.9		..
172	161	Uganda	73.2		23.4		121.0		28.0		4.2		89.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		48.8		68.2
173	163	Zambia	71.2		35.0	f	115.0		..		2.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		68.0		46.9
174	164	Djibouti	..		..		59.0		36.0		4.9		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		66.6		35.7
175	165	Gambia	50.0	h	24.0	f	83.0		54.0		4.1		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		38.9
176	166	Benin	42.4	h	18.4	f	126.0		37.0		6.0		42.6		..		..		..		..		..		..		60.7		35.7
177	167	Rwanda	71.1	h	7.7	f	143.0		32.0		5.5		91.5		..		..		..		..		..		..		83.9		63.0
178	168	Côte d'Ivoire	56.2	h	22.1	f	88.0		27.0		8.9		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		39.2
179	169	Comoros	74.9	h	..		104.0		46.0		7.9		57.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		46.0	e	25.9
180	170	Malawi	74.8	h	15.3	f	135.0		32.0		0.7		95.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		65.2		47.2
181	171	Sudan	71.1	h	15.5	f	73.0		39.0		6.1		59.7		..		..		..		..		..		..		43.0		9.1
182	172	Zimbabwe	92.2	h	55.4	f	..		..		6.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		66.4		..
183	173	Ethiopia	39.0		..		102.0		36.0		5.5		39.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		52.5
184	174	Liberia	60.8	i	27.3	f	96.0		..		19.1		40.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		49.6		54.4
185	175	Afghanistan	..		20.3	f	97.0		46.0		3.3		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		58.5		..
186	176	Guinea-Bissau	54.2	h	..		123.0		36.0		2.7		38.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
187	177	Sierra Leone	42.1		14.8		125.0		..		2.1		48.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		35.3		..
188	178	Burundi	67.2	h	7.1	f	156.0		25.0		3.2		91.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		70.9		43.8
189	178	Guinea	41.0	h	..		94.0		38.0		9.5		65.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		39.0		34.3
190	180	Central African Republic	56.0	h	17.9	f	93.0		13.0		2.6		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		40.7		53.1
191	181	Eritrea	67.8	h	..		45.0		32.0		2.0		93.8		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		31.0
192	182	Mali	31.1		10.3		82.0		39.0		5.8		50.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		34.6		24.5
193	183	Burkina Faso	28.7		2.0		79.0		23.0		3.3		85.7		..		..		..		..		..		..		53.0		36.4
194	184	Chad	34.5	h	..		90.0		26.0		2.2		45.3		..		..		..		..		..		..		60.1		76.7
195	185	Mozambique	56.1	h	3.6	f	115.0		25.0		1.5		75.9		..		..		..		..		..		..		63.2		64.6
196	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	66.8	h	23.2	f	94.0		38.0		6.2		91.7		..		..		..		..		..		..		39.3		45.2
197	186	Niger	28.7		5.1	f	71.0		13.0		1.5		96.4		..		..		..		..		..		..		55.3		30.7
198		OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
199		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	100.0		..		..		..		..		..		539		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
200		Marshall Islands	..		..		102.0		99.0		16.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		16.5
201		Monaco	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
202		Nauru	..		..		93.0		63.0		..		74.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
203		San Marino	..		..		94.0		97.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
204		Somalia	..		..		32.0		8.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
205		South Sudan	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
206		Tuvalu	..		..		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
207
208		Very high human development	..		85.9		104.2		100.4		75.8		..		—		—		—		—		—		—		61.3		3.8
209		High human development	92.7		64.2		110.5		91.0		48.7		..		—		—		—		—		—		—		58.0		7.3
210		Medium human development	82.3		50.5		113.4		70.7		22.1		..		—		—		—		—		—		—		69.2		18.8
211		Low human development	60.8		25.2		98.2		37.4		6.8		73.8		—		—		—		—		—		—		56.5		41.7
212		Arab States	74.5		38.4		97.7		71.1		24.1		..		—		—		—		—		—		—		50.0		9.9
213		East Asia and the Pacific	93.8		..		111.0		78.8		26.1		..		—		—		—		—		—		—		..		..
214		Europe and Central Asia	98.1		83.5		99.9		91.2		57.5		..		—		—		—		—		—		—		51.8		4.2
215		Latin America and the Caribbean	91.3		50.4		115.9		90.9		42.5		92.3		—		—		—		—		—		—		..		14.3
216		South Asia	62.8		39.2		113.6		57.6		15.7		77.2		—		—		—		—		—		—		73.3		21.4
217		Sub-Saharan Africa	63.0		29.7		100.3		40.3		6.2		73.9		—		—		—		—		—		—		52.0		37.8
218		Least developed countries	60.7		..		101.8		36.0		6.6		71.9		—		—		—		—		—		—		58.2		40.9
219		SIDS	..		..		97.0		77.0		45.2		89.4		—		—		—		—		—		—		..		..
220		World	81.3		57.7		107.9		71.2		28.7		..		—		—		—		—		—		—		64.2		18.0
221
222		NOTES
223		a. Average score in reading for OECD countries is 493.
224		b. Average score in mathematics for OECD countries is 495.
225		c. Average score in science for OECD countries is 501.
226		d. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
227		e. Average of two or more surveys during the period.
228		f. Barro and Lee (2011) estimates for 2010.
229		g. Refers to 2011.
230		h. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics (UIS) estimate derived from its Global Age-specific Literacy Projections Model, which is based on national data since 2000.
231		i. UIS estimate derived from its Global Age-specific Literacy Projections Model which is based on national data more than 10 years old from the reference year of 2010.
232		j. Refers to Dubai only
233		k. Refers to Shangai only
234
235		DEFINITIONS
236		Adult literacy rate: Percentage of the population ages 15 and older who can, with understanding, both read and write a short simple statement on their everyday life.
237		Population with at least secondary education: Percentage of the population ages 25 and older that reached at least secondary education.
238		Gross enrolment ratio: Total enrolment in a given level of education (primary, secondary or tertiary), regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the official school-age population for the same level of education.
239		School teachers trained to teach: Percentage of primary school teachers that have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching at the primary level.
240		Performance in reading, mathematics and science: Score obtained in testing of skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students in these subjects essential for participation in society.
241		Deviation from mean: Spread of scores in reading, mathematics and science relative to the average scores.
242		Satisfaction with education quality: Percentage of respondents who answered "satisfied" to the Gallup World Poll question, "Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the education system?"
243		Primary school dropout rate: Percentage of students from a given cohort that have enrolled in primary school but that drop out before reaching the last grade of primary education. It is calculated as 100 minus the survival rate to the last grade of primary education and assumes that observed flow rates remain unchanged throughout the cohort life and that dropouts do not re-enter school.
244
245		MAIN DATA SOURCES
246		Columns 1-6 and 14: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012).
247		Columns 7-12: OECD (2010)+B52.
248		Column 13: Gallup (2012).


1	Table 9: Social integration
2			EMPLOYMENT, VULNERABILITY AND EQUITY						PERCEPTIONS OF INDIVIDUAL WELL-BEING						PERCEPTIONS OF SOCIETY					HUMAN SAFETY
3
4			Employment to population ratio	Youth unemployment		Child labour		Overall loss in Human Development Index due to inequality	Overall life satisfaction		Satisfaction with freedom of choice		Satisfaction with job		Trust in people	Satisfaction with communitya		Trust in national government		Perception of safety		Homicide rate		Suicide rate (per 100,000 people)
5			(% ages 25 and older)	(% ages 15-24)		(% ages 5-14)		(%)	(0, least satisfied, 10, most satisfied)		(% satisfied)		(% satisfied)		(% answering "yes")	(% answering "yes")		(% answering "yes")		(% answering "yes")		(per 100,000 people)		Female	Male
6	HDI rank		2011	2005-2011	b	2001-2010	b	2012	2007-2011	b	2007-2011	b	2007-2011	b	2011	2007-2011	b	2007-2011	b	2007-2011	b	2004-2011	b	2001-2010		b

7	VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
8	1	Norway	65.9	9.3		..		6.4	7.6		93.0		..		..	92.8		54.0		81.0		0.6		6.5	17.3
9	2	Australia	62.4	11.9		..		7.9	7.4		94.0		87.4		..	91.9		53.0		64.0		1.0		3.6	12.8
10	3	United States	61.2	18.7		..		12.4	7.1		85.0		87.4		37.0	83.8		38.0		75.0		4.2		4.5	17.7
11	4	Netherlands	61.5	7.8		..		6.9	7.6		91.0		94.5		46.0	94.5		60.0		79.0		1.1		5.5	13.1
12	5	Germany	57.2	9.1		..		6.9	6.7		89.0		89.0		31.0	93.9		43.0		78.0		0.8		6.0	17.9
13	6	New Zealand	66.2	18.2		..		..	7.2		93.0		89.0		..	88.1		64.0		67.0		0.9		5.5	18.1
14	7	Ireland	55.8	35.3		..		7.2	7.0		95.0		89.1		30.0	93.6		53.0		70.0		1.2		4.7	19.0
15	7	Sweden	62.5	23.8		..		6.2	7.5		93.0		91.8		55.0	92.5		64.0		78.0		1.0		6.8	18.7
16	9	Switzerland	65.5	7.9		..		7.0	7.5		88.0		..		44.0	93.5		58.0		76.0		0.7		11.4	24.8
17	10	Japan	59.7	8.9		..		..	6.1		78.0		76.2		33.0	84.6		23.0		69.0		0.4		13.2	36.2
18	11	Canada	62.7	15.9		..		8.7	7.4		94.0		91.5		42.0	91.7		55.0		79.0		1.6		5.4	17.3
19	12	Korea (Republic of)	64.8	12.1		..		16.5	6.9		66.0		71.1		26.0	78.5		28.0		54.0		2.6		22.1	39.9
20	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	61.2	11.0		..		..	5.5		89.0		84.4		29.0	84.1		58.0		88.0		0.2		10.7	19.0
21	13	Iceland	71.9	18.4		..		6.4	6.9		86.0		..		..	81.8		24.0		77.0		0.3		7.0	16.5
22	15	Denmark	59.8	15.7		..		6.2	7.8		93.0		94.0		60.0	93.4		47.0		79.0		0.9		6.4	17.5
23	16	Israel	60.9	11.8		..		12.3	7.4		52.0		84.0		26.0	82.3		45.0		59.0		2.1		1.5	7.0
24	17	Belgium	54.0	18.7		..		8.0	6.9		86.0		90.3		30.0	91.2		29.0		64.0		1.7		10.3	28.8
25	18	Austria	58.6	8.8		..		6.6	7.5		92.0		94.1		29.0	94.4		41.0		82.0		0.6		7.1	23.8
26	18	Singapore	69.2	6.7		..		..	6.5		82.0		86.5		33.0	92.9		83.0		89.0		0.3		7.7	12.9
27	20	France	54.4	23.2		..		9.0	7.0		90.0		87.4		20.0	89.4		38.0		63.0		1.1		8.5	24.7
28	21	Finland	57.8	19.3		..		6.0	7.4		93.0		87.7		58.0	91.2		57.0		78.0		2.2		10.0	29.0
29	21	Slovenia	57.2	16.8		..		5.8	6.0		90.0		85.0		15.0	90.6		18.0		84.0		0.7		9.4	34.6
30	23	Spain	49.5	48.2		..		10.1	6.5		80.0		85.7		22.0	87.8		31.0		68.0		0.8		3.4	11.9
31	24	Liechtenstein	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		2.8		..	..
32	25	Italy	47.5	32.0		..		11.9	6.1		55.0		81.0		20.0	75.7		26.0		52.0		0.9		2.8	10.0
33	26	Luxembourg	59.9	20.8		..		7.2	7.1		95.0		93.5		26.0	94.7		77.0		77.0		2.5		3.2	16.1
34	26	United Kingdom	58.8	22.0		..		8.3	6.9		90.0		88.3		35.0	86.6		49.0		70.0		1.2		3.0	10.9
35	28	Czech Republic	59.7	18.1		..		5.4	6.3		73.0		79.9		24.0	88.1		21.0		59.0		1.7		4.4	23.9
36	29	Greece	49.1	51.5		..		11.5	5.4		52.0		70.3		16.0	74.2		18.0		53.0		1.5		1.0	6.0
37	30	Brunei Darussalam	69.3	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		0.5		..	..
38	31	Cyprus	66.2	23.1		..		11.5	6.7		73.0		87.1		11.0	88.7		40.0		70.0		1.7		1.7	7.4
39	32	Malta	48.3	14.0		..		8.2	6.2		86.0		86.0		16.0	84.1		49.0		64.0		1.0		1.0	5.9
40	33	Andorra	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		1.3		..	..
41	33	Estonia	58.4	23.8		..		9.0	5.5		69.0		81.1		33.0	86.3		42.0		56.0		5.2		7.3	30.6
42	35	Slovakia	57.5	33.6		..		6.3	5.9		68.0		78.6		21.0	86.6		28.0		59.0		1.5		3.4	22.3
43	36	Qatar	89.9	8.9		..		..	6.6		90.0		86.0		23.0	90.4		89.0		87.0		0.9		..	..
44	37	Hungary	49.6	27.2		..		7.4	4.9		61.0		80.5		13.0	74.2		36.0		57.0		1.3		10.6	40.0
45	38	Barbados	66.9	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		11.3		0.0	7.3
46	39	Poland	55.1	28.9		..		9.9	5.6		80.0		77.0		25.0	88.2		27.0		59.0		1.1		4.1	26.4
47	40	Chile	62.9	21.1		3.0		19.0	6.6		77.0		78.2		15.0	78.4		48.0		46.0		3.2		4.2	18.2
48	41	Lithuania	55.6	34.6		..		11.0	5.4		52.0		78.2		25.0	84.2		18.0		39.0		6.6		10.4	61.3
49	41	United Arab Emirates	83.4	21.8		..		..	7.2		87.0		88.7		18.0	93.8		..		90.0		0.8		..	..
50	43	Portugal	58.0	31.7		3.0		10.8	5.2		79.0		88.7		27.0	90.1		21.0		63.0		1.2		4.0	15.6
51	44	Latvia	55.1	29.6		..		10.9	5.0		54.0		80.6		13.0	84.8		11.0		48.0		3.1		8.2	40.0
52	45	Argentina	62.6	22.2		7.0		19.5	6.4		79.0		80.7		23.0	89.0		61.0		50.0		3.4		3.0	12.6
53	46	Seychelles	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		8.3		0.0	8.9
54	47	Croatia	49.1	36.8		..		15.1	5.6		46.0		..		16.0	66.0		..		64.0		1.4		7.5	28.9
55	HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
56	48	Bahrain	72.2	..		5.0		..	4.5		73.0		79.3		11.0	88.2		..		60.0		0.6		3.5	4.0
57	49	Bahamas	71.9	21.7		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		27.4		0.6	1.9
58	50	Belarus	54.4	..		5.0		8.3	5.2		57.0		65.7		34.0	76.6		59.0		60.0		4.9		8.8	48.7
59	51	Uruguay	65.9	21.7		8.0		16.4	6.1		78.0		78.0		27.0	83.8		73.0		48.0		5.9		6.3	26.0
60	52	Montenegro	..	40.0		10.0		7.4	5.5		50.0		..		21.0	68.3		..		78.0		3.5		..	..
61	52	Palau	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		0.0		..	..
62	54	Kuwait	75.5	11.8		..		..	6.6		75.0		84.9		11.0	81.5		..		..		2.2		1.7	1.9
63	55	Russian Federation	62.8	15.7		..		..	5.4		54.0		67.9		24.0	69.4		48.0		40.0		10.2		9.5	53.9
64	56	Romania	57.3	23.8		1.0		12.6	5.0		60.0		69.5		15.0	78.1		12.0		55.0		2.0		3.5	21.0
65	57	Bulgaria	52.0	27.6		..		9.9	3.9		60.0		73.3		20.0	74.0		27.0		52.0		2.0		6.2	18.8
66	57	Saudi Arabia	59.7	45.8		..		..	6.7		57.0		81.8		36.0	85.9		..		77.0		1.0		..	..
67	59	Cuba	58.7	3.5		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		5.0		5.5	19.0
68	59	Panama	68.3	14.6		7.0		24.6	7.3		80.0		88.5		21.0	86.6		46.0		47.0		21.6		1.9	9.0
69	61	Mexico	63.9	10.4		5.0		23.4	6.8		80.0		74.4		29.0	73.7		38.0		42.0		22.7		1.5	7.0
70	62	Costa Rica	65.6	21.6		5.0		21.5	7.3		92.0		87.4		14.0	82.5		32.0		41.0		11.3		1.9	10.2
71	63	Grenada	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		11.5		0.0	0.0
72	64	Libya	53.6	..		..		..	4.9		41.0		64.3		..	68.7		..		91.0		2.9		..	..
73	64	Malaysia	66.6	11.3		..		..	5.8		79.0		85.6		14.0	87.3		79.0		46.0		2.3		..	..
74	64	Serbia	..	46.1		4.0		9.5	4.5		41.0		..		17.0	60.0		..		68.0		1.2		10.0	28.1
75	67	Antigua and Barbuda	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		6.8		..	..
76	67	Trinidad and Tobago	66.6	12.9		1.0		15.3	6.7		81.0		89.9		..	87.3		29.0		42.0		35.2		3.8	17.9
77	69	Kazakhstan	75.0	5.0		2.0		13.6	5.5		76.0		77.9		33.0	79.7		72.0		56.0		8.8		9.4	43.0
78	70	Albania	56.5	28.3		12.0		13.9	5.3		46.0		..		7.0	67.7		..		67.0		4.0		3.3	4.7
79	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	68.1	22.0		8.0		26.6	7.5		75.0		85.1		13.0	79.0		59.0		31.0		45.1		1.2	5.3
80	72	Dominica	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		22.1		..	..
81	72	Georgia	62.8	35.6		18.0		15.3	4.2		58.0		55.0		16.0	78.3		66.0		91.0		4.3		1.7	7.1
82	72	Lebanon	47.6	22.3		7.0		22.8	5.2		65.0		70.8		7.0	74.1		37.0		69.0		2.2		..	..
83	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		38.2		..	..
84	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	46.1	33.9		..		..	4.8		57.0		65.0		..	76.3		56.0		55.0		3.0		..	..
85	77	Peru	77.4	16.2		34.0		24.3	5.6		72.0		74.1		12.0	75.3		19.0		46.0		10.3		1.0	1.9
86	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	43.4	55.7		6.0		14.7	4.2		56.0		..		11.0	66.7		..		63.0		1.9		4.0	9.5
87	78	Ukraine	58.3	18.7		7.0		9.2	5.1		53.0		61.4		29.0	71.4		24.0		48.0		5.2		7.0	37.8
88	80	Mauritius	60.8	28.0		..		13.3	5.5		83.0		84.6		..	90.5		67.0		55.0		2.5		1.9	11.8
89	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	37.2	60.0		5.0		11.5	4.7		33.0		..		18.0	61.7		..		67.0		1.5		..	..
90	82	Azerbaijan	70.8	15.2		7.0		11.4	4.7		49.0		57.8		27.0	73.4		74.0		74.0		2.2		0.3	1.0
91	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		22.9		1.9	5.4
92	84	Oman	65.7	..		..		..	6.9		91.0		85.3		..	89.9		..		..		0.7		..	..
93	85	Brazil	68.2	23.1		3.0		27.2	6.8		80.0		81.3		15.0	78.5		51.0		40.0		21.0		2.0	7.7
94	85	Jamaica	65.9	37.9		6.0		19.1	..		..		68.3		..	72.2		..		..		52.2		..	..
95	87	Armenia	47.3	54.7		4.0		10.9	4.4		41.0		45.4		15.0	52.7		34.0		75.0		1.4		1.1	2.8
96	88	Saint Lucia	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		25.2		0.0	4.9
97	89	Ecuador	71.5	18.1		8.0		25.8	5.8		78.0		79.8		9.0	86.0		59.0		49.0		18.2		3.6	10.5
98	90	Turkey	48.8	20.7		3.0		22.5	5.3		44.0		71.2		8.0	78.9		60.0		51.0		3.3		..	..
99	91	Colombia	68.3	29.9		9.0		27.8	6.4		81.0		81.5		14.0	82.9		55.0		43.0		33.4		2.0	7.9
100	92	Sri Lanka	58.2	24.7		..		15.1	4.2		81.0		84.7		17.0	89.7		86.0		77.0		3.6		..	..
101	93	Algeria	43.9	37.5		5.0		..	5.2		53.0		58.7		16.0	73.9		53.0		49.0		1.5		..	..
102	94	Tunisia	46.3	31.4		..		..	4.7		58.0		59.4		15.0	66.0		47.0		47.0		1.1		..	..
103	MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
104	95	Tonga	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		1.0		..	..
105	96	Belize	66.3	28.8		40.0		..	6.5		62.0		..		..	67.1		26.0		43.0		41.4		0.7	6.6
106	96	Dominican Republic	62.4	44.5		10.0		27.3	4.7		82.0		76.3		15.0	79.2		45.0		38.0		25.0		0.7	3.9
107	96	Fiji	62.7	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		2.8		..	..
108	96	Samoa	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		1.1		..	..
109	100	Jordan	44.9	46.8		..		19.0	5.7		72.0		74.9		9.0	75.6		77.0		81.0		1.8		0.0	0.2
110	101	China	74.6	..		..		22.4	5.0		77.0		69.9		57.0	77.1		..		80.0		1.1		..	..
111	102	Turkmenistan	62.6	..		..		..	5.8		..		93.6		27.0	97.5		..		83.0		4.2		..	..
112	103	Thailand	76.9	3.0		8.0		21.3	6.7		92.0		96.3		27.0	95.2		54.0		74.0		4.8		3.8	12.0
113	104	Maldives	64.7	30.5		..		25.2	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		1.6		0.0	0.7
114	105	Suriname	56.4	..		6.0		23.0	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		4.6		4.8	23.9
115	106	Gabon	68.2	..		..		19.5	..		77.0		53.7		..	54.8		53.0		39.0		13.8		..	..
116	107	El Salvador	64.5	13.0		5.0		26.6	6.7		74.0		77.3		18.0	81.9		49.0		42.0		69.2		3.6	12.9
117	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	77.4	..		26.0		34.2	5.8		67.0		83.9		10.0	84.8		38.0		44.0		8.9		..	..
118	108	Mongolia	67.9	..		18.0		15.9	5.0		64.0		82.1		14.0	80.6		29.0		47.0		8.7		..	..
119	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	41.2	49.6		..		..	4.8		51.0		70.8		9.0	71.5		49.0		59.0		4.1		..	..
120	111	Paraguay	73.4	17.8		15.0		..	5.8		71.0		85.6		12.0	85.5		48.0		38.0		11.5		2.0	5.1
121	112	Egypt	51.3	54.1		7.0		24.1	4.1		57.0		64.7		22.0	61.0		63.0		58.0		1.2		0.0	0.1
122	113	Moldova (Republic of)	43.9	15.8		16.0		11.6	5.8		58.0		66.1		12.0	70.6		24.0		50.0		7.5		5.6	30.1
123	114	Philippines	68.8	19.3		..		19.9	5.0		88.0		81.1		14.0	85.6		72.0		62.0		5.4		..	..
124	114	Uzbekistan	62.8	..		..		15.8	5.1		90.0		87.3		26.0	93.8		..		80.0		3.1		2.3	7.0
125	116	Syrian Arab Republic	45.8	40.2		4.0		20.4	4.1		47.0		55.5		9.0	44.8		..		65.0		2.3		..	..
126	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		0.9		..	..
127	118	Guyana	61.0	50.0		16.0		19.1	6.0		66.0		..		..	74.8		46.0		47.0		18.6		13.4	39.0
128	119	Botswana	73.8	..		9.0		..	3.6		82.0		45.9		9.0	56.5		74.0		31.0		14.5		..	..
129	120	Honduras	67.3	11.2		16.0		27.5	5.9		77.0		79.4		13.0	82.8		29.0		45.0		91.6		..	..
130	121	Indonesia	70.1	23.0		7.0		18.3	5.2		86.0		74.1		21.0	92.3		74.0		88.0		8.1		..	..
131	121	Kiribati	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		7.3		..	..
132	121	South Africa	49.6	55.0		..		..	4.7		84.0		56.5		17.0	62.0		63.0		38.0		31.8		0.4	1.4
133	124	Vanuatu	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		0.9		..	..
134	125	Kyrgyzstan	70.4	16.2		4.0		17.1	4.9		71.0		75.2		34.0	84.8		44.0		62.0		20.1		3.6	14.1
135	125	Tajikistan	70.3	..		10.0		18.4	4.3		70.0		82.7		31.0	89.9		89.0		85.0		2.1		2.3	2.9
136	127	Viet Nam	81.3	..		16.0		14.0	5.8		61.0		71.8		26.0	70.1		77.0		67.0		1.6		..	..
137	128	Namibia	57.4	63.8		..		43.5	4.9		76.0		..		..	76.5		82.0		33.0		17.2		..	..
138	129	Nicaragua	66.3	9.7		15.0		27.5	5.7		75.0		79.8		11.0	86.0		54.0		51.0		13.6		2.6	9.0
139	130	Morocco	50.9	18.1		8.0		29.7	5.1		54.0		65.4		58.0	69.4		60.0		67.0		1.4		..	..
140	131	Iraq	41.9	..		11.0		..	5.0		30.0		64.2		15.0	66.7		37.0		41.0		2.0		..	..
141	132	Cape Verde	66.7	..		3.0		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		11.6		..	..
142	133	Guatemala	69.7	7.1		21.0		33.1	6.3		74.0		79.8		15.0	85.7		36.0		41.0		38.5		1.7	5.6
143	134	Timor-Leste	62.8	..		4.0		33.0	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		6.9		..	..
144	135	Ghana	81.3	..		34.0		32.2	5.6		85.0		63.8		19.0	68.9		68.0		78.0		15.7		..	..
145	136	Equatorial Guinea	86.5	..		28.0		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		20.7		..	..
146	136	India	61.0	11.5		12.0		29.3	4.6		80.0		71.2		20.0	82.6		58.0		70.0		3.4		7.8	13.0
147	138	Cambodia	86.7	3.5		39.0		25.9	4.2		92.0		77.6		9.0	90.2		90.0		68.0		3.4		..	..
148	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	85.1	..		11.0		24.7	5.0		87.0		87.9		..	94.3		98.0		84.0		4.6		..	..
149	140	Bhutan	80.3	10.9		18.0		20.0	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		1.0		..	..
150	141	Swaziland	55.9	..		9.0		35.4	..		..		55.1		..	62.3		..		..		12.9		..	..
151	LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
152	142	Congo	78.8	..		25.0		31.1	4.5		76.0		56.4		..	67.1		48.0		58.0		30.8		..	..
153	143	Solomon Islands	73.8	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		3.7		..	..
154	144	Sao Tome and Principe	..	..		8.0		31.7	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		1.9		..	..
155	145	Kenya	75.9	..		26.0		33.6	4.4		71.0		50.0		10.0	69.3		46.0		50.0		20.1		..	..
156	146	Bangladesh	74.0	13.6		13.0		27.4	5.0		78.0		76.4		15.0	91.3		79.0		80.0		2.7		..	..
157	146	Pakistan	55.4	10.5		..		30.9	5.3		34.0		73.2		20.0	83.6		28.0		46.0		7.8		..	..
158	148	Angola	75.8	..		24.0		43.9	4.2		69.0		65.2		..	49.8		61.0		53.0		19.0		..	..
159	149	Myanmar	83.4	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	80.4		..		..		10.2		..	..
160	150	Cameroon	80.3	..		31.0		33.4	4.4		82.0		62.2		13.0	69.4		65.0		56.0		19.7		..	..
161	151	Madagascar	90.5	2.8		28.0		30.7	4.4		54.0		38.0		..	72.0		65.0		53.0		8.1		..	..
162	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	84.2	10.1		21.0		27.3	4.1		74.0		63.0		26.0	67.4		56.0		61.0		24.5		..	..
163	153	Nigeria	61.7	..		29.0		41.4	4.8		77.0		58.6		13.0	67.4		55.0		69.0		12.2		..	..
164	154	Senegal	76.3	20.1		22.0		33.0	3.8		64.0		42.2		28.0	52.1		30.0		55.0		8.7		..	..
165	155	Mauritania	44.7	..		16.0		34.4	5.0		56.0		55.3		30.0	62.2		43.0		62.0		14.7		..	..
166	156	Papua New Guinea	78.0	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		13.0		..	..
167	157	Nepal	86.4	..		34.0		34.2	3.8		43.0		87.3		17.0	86.7		33.0		61.0		2.8		..	..
168	158	Lesotho	59.7	41.9		23.0		35.9	..		..		46.9		..	52.4		..		..		35.2		..	..
169	159	Togo	84.1	..		47.0		33.5	2.8		56.0		42.4		..	57.7		51.0		52.0		10.9		..	..
170	160	Yemen	50.9	..		23.0		32.3	3.7		59.0		54.3		27.0	51.9		39.0		67.0		4.2		..	..
171	161	Haiti	74.6	..		21.0		40.2	3.8		37.0		43.4		30.0	57.9		46.0		42.0		6.9		0.0	0.0
172	161	Uganda	86.9	5.4		25.0		33.6	4.2		73.0		50.1		17.0	69.7		52.0		42.0		36.3		..	..
173	163	Zambia	76.6	23.4		41.0		36.7	5.0		65.0		47.3		31.0	62.6		40.0		54.0		38.0		..	..
174	164	Djibouti	..	..		8.0		36.0	4.4		74.0		70.0		55.0	75.3		68.0		72.0		3.4		..	..
175	165	Gambia	81.1	..		25.0		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		10.8		..	..
176	166	Benin	80.6	..		46.0		35.8	3.7		76.0		46.7		..	66.8		78.0		58.0		15.1		..	..
177	167	Rwanda	92.3	..		35.0		33.9	4.0		82.0		58.6		30.0	74.3		95.0		92.0		17.1		..	..
178	168	Côte d'Ivoire	72.8	..		35.0		38.6	4.2		76.0		..		13.0	40.6		42.0		47.0		56.9		..	..
179	169	Comoros	62.7	..		27.0		..	3.9		50.0		49.8		35.0	77.2		44.0		78.0		12.2		..	..
180	170	Malawi	92.0	..		26.0		31.4	5.1		88.0		50.9		33.0	80.8		83.0		55.0		36.0		..	..
181	171	Sudan	59.4	..		..		..	4.4		56.0		48.8		31.0	72.7		54.0		75.0		24.2		..	..
182	172	Zimbabwe	89.0	..		..		28.5	4.8		63.0		58.6		15.0	68.4		43.0		39.0		14.3		..	..
183	173	Ethiopia	84.0	29.4		53.0		31.9	4.4		39.0		..		..	52.1		32.0		49.0		25.5		..	..
184	174	Liberia	72.1	6.6		21.0		35.3	4.2		82.0		63.0		12.0	63.4		54.0		38.0		10.1		..	..
185	175	Afghanistan	53.8	..		13.0		..	3.8		47.0		82.0		25.0	71.7		31.0		29.0		2.4		..	..
186	176	Guinea-Bissau	78.1	..		57.0		41.4	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		20.2		..	..
187	177	Sierra Leone	77.4	..		48.0		41.6	4.1		77.0		61.3		16.0	52.3		58.0		50.0		14.9		..	..
188	178	Burundi	88.5	..		19.0		..	3.8		49.0		64.7		38.0	76.0		85.0		65.0		21.7		..	..
189	178	Guinea	79.1	..		25.0		38.8	4.0		79.0		58.9		..	75.3		77.0		62.0		22.5		..	..
190	180	Central African Republic	82.8	..		47.0		40.5	3.6		68.0		66.5		37.0	75.8		75.0		62.0		29.3		..	..
191	181	Eritrea	84.1	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		17.8		..	..
192	182	Mali	56.0	..		36.0		..	3.8		75.0		54.9		45.0	63.9		71.0		80.0		8.0		..	..
193	183	Burkina Faso	86.0	4.6		38.0		34.2	4.0		58.0		60.1		26.0	78.2		55.0		62.0		18.0		..	..
194	184	Chad	77.0	..		48.0		40.1	3.7		54.0		72.0		21.0	70.1		39.0		30.0		15.8		..	..
195	185	Mozambique	90.1	..		22.0		32.7	5.0		64.0		63.1		..	83.1		63.0		42.0		8.8		..	..
196	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	82.8	..		42.0		39.9	4.0		62.0		45.6		39.0	60.2		35.0		38.0		21.7		..	..
197	186	Niger	66.2	..		43.0		34.2	4.1		82.0		69.7		40.0	85.2		78.0		81.0		3.8		..	..
198	OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
199		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	78.7	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		15.2		..	..
200		Marshall Islands	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		..		..	..
201		Monaco	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		0.0		..	..
202		Nauru	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		9.8		..	..
203		San Marino	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		..		..	..
204		Somalia	59.9	..		49.0		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		1.5		..	..
205		South Sudan	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		..		..	..
206		Tuvalu	..	..		..		..	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		..		..	..
207
208		HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX GROUPS
209		Very high human development	58.8	19.5		..		10.8	6.7		81.5		84.3		30.9	85.9		38.1		68.4		2.1		6.6	20.6
210		High human development	61.2	22.4		..		20.6	5.9		66.3		73.4		19.3	76.4		..		47.6		13.0		..	..
211		Medium human development	68.4	..		..		24.2	4.9		77.8		71.4		..	79.9		..		73.4		3.9		..	..
212		Low human development	72.2	..		29.7		33.5	4.5		61.8		63.4		..	72.2		50.8		57.7		14.6		..	..
213
214		REGIONS
215		Arab States	52.6	..		..		25.4	4.8		54.6		63.9		24.9	67.6		..		62.9		4.5		..	..
216		East Asia and the Pacific	74.5	..		..		21.3	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		2.8		..	..
217		Europe and Central Asia	58.4	20.9		..		12.9	5.3		58.5		71.0		21.5	76.5		43.9		53.5		5.5		6.9	35.4
218		Latin America and the Caribbean	67.2	19.6		8.5		25.7	6.5		77.9		..		..	79.0		47.1		42.0		22.2		2.1	8.1
219		South Asia	61.2	12.9		..		29.1	4.7		72.9		72.1		19.5	83.2		56.1		66.9		3.7		..	..
220		Sub-Saharan Africa	74.5	..		33.5		35.0	4.4		69.1		56.2		..	65.2		53.6		55.3		20.4		..	..
221
222		Least developed countries	77.4	..		30.2		32.5	4.3		64.2		63.2		..	72.3		56.4		59.5		14.6		..	..
223		SIDS	65.9	..		..		29.2	..		..		..		..	..		..		..		14.6		..	..
224
225		World	65.8	..		..		23.3	5.3		73.9		73.1		29.8	79.0		52.0		66.0		6.9		..	..
226
227		NOTES
228		a. Based on the Gallup survey question on overall satisfaction with city.
229		b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
230
231		DEFINITIONS
232		Employment to population ratio: Percentage of the population ages 25 years or older that is employed.
233		Youth unemployment: Percentage of the labour force population ages 15-24 that is not in paid employment or self-employed but is available for work and has taken steps to seek paid employment or self-employment.
234		Child labour: Percentage of children ages 5–11 who, during the reference week, did at least one hour of economic activity or at least 28 hours of household chores, or children ages 12–14 who, during the reference week, did at least 14 hours of economic activity or at least 28 hours of household chores.
235		Overall loss in Human Development Index (HDI) due to inequality: Loss in potential human development due to inequality, calculated as the percentage difference between the HDI and Inequality-adjusted HDI. See Technical note 2 for details on how the Inequality-adjusted HDI is calculated.
236		Overall life satisfaction: Average response to the Gallup World Poll Question: Please imagine a ladder, with steps numbered from zero at the bottom to ten at the top. Suppose we say that the top of the ladder represents the best possible life for you, and the bottom of the ladder represents the worst possible life for you. On which step of the ladder would you say you personally feel you stand at this time, assuming that the higher the step the better you feel about your life, and the lower the step the worse you feel about it? Which step comes closest to the way you feel?
237		Satisfaction with freedom of choice: Percentage of respondents answering "yes" to the Gallup World Poll question, "In this country, are you satisfied or dissatisfied with your freedom to choose what you do with your life?"
238		Satisfaction with job: Percentage of respondents answering "satisfied" to the Gallup World Poll question, "Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with your job?"
239		Trust in people: Percentage of respondents answering "yes" to the Gallup World Poll question, "Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you have to be careful in dealing with people?"
240		Satisfaction with community: Percentage of respondents answering "yes" to the Gallup World Poll question, "Right now, do you think that economic conditions in the city or area where you live, as a whole, are getting better or getting worse?"
241		Trust in national government: Percentage of respondents answering "yes" to the Gallup World Poll question, "In this country, do you have confidence in the national government?"
242		Perception of safety: Percentage of respondents answering "yes" to the Gallup World Poll question, "Do you feel safe walking alone at night in the city or area where you live?"
243		Homicide rate: Number of intentional homicides, expressed per 100,000 people. An intentional homicide is an unlawful death purposefully inflicted on a person by another person.
244		Suicide rate: Estimated total number of deaths from purposely self-inflicted injuries, in the total population or of a given sex or age, divided by the total number of the reference population, expressed per 100,000 people.
245
246
247		MAIN DATA SOURCES
248		Columns 1 and 2: ILO (2012).
249		Column 3: UNICEF (2012).
250		Column 4: Calculated based on HDI and Inequality-adjusted HDI values from tables 1 and 3.
251		Columns 5-11: Gallup (2012).
252		Column 12: UNODC (2012).
253		Columns 13 and 14: WHO (2012c).


1	Table 10: International trade flows of goods and services
2																			COMPOSITION OF MERCHANDISE GOODSa
3			TRADE OF GOODSa								TRADE OF SERVICES								Share of merchandise exports (%)		Share of merchandise imports (%)		Parts and componentsc (%)
4			Exports of merchandise goods				Imports of merchandise goods				Exports of services				Imports of services				Agricultural exports	Manufactured exports	Agricultural imports	Manufactured imports
5			($ billions)		(% of GDP)	b	($ billions)		(% of GDP)	b	($ billions)		(% of GDP)	b	($ billions)		(% of GDP)	b	(%)	(%)	(%)	(%)	(% of manufactured exports)	(% of manufactured imports)
6	HDI rank		2010		2010		2010		2010		2010		2010		2010		2010		2010	2010	2010	2010	2010	2010
7	VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
8	1	Norway	130.7		33.0		77.3		19.5		39.7		10.0		42.8		10.8		7.8	18.6	9.4	75.1	37.0	21.5
9	2	Australia	206.7		20.1		187.9		18.3		48.5		4.7		51.5		5.0		13.1	12.8	5.9	72.4	24.2	21.6
10	3	United States	1,121.8		7.9		1,966.5		13.9		544.4		3.9		402.0		2.8		12.3	65.2	5.9	68.8	30.3	28.8
11	4	Netherlands	492.6		62.9		440.0		56.2		95.4		12.2		85.2		10.9		16.2	56.5	11.4	56.5	26.0	28.9
12	5	Germany	1,271.1		38.8		1,066.8		32.5		237.6		7.2		263.2		8.0		6.0	81.8	8.6	67.4	28.1	32.0
13	6	New Zealand	29.7		22.9		30.2		23.3		8.7		6.7		9.1		7.1		65.6	20.3	11.2	70.0	16.0	18.6
14	7	Ireland	118.3		55.3		60.5		28.3		97.1		45.4		108.4		50.7		9.7	84.2	13.0	66.4	13.5	22.6
15	7	Sweden	158.4		36.5		148.8		34.3		64.4		14.8		48.5		11.2		8.8	74.5	10.2	69.2	28.6	31.1
16	9	Switzerland	195.6		38.3		176.3		34.5		83.6		16.4		39.6		7.8		4.1	87.6	6.8	79.6	15.9	16.9
17	10	Japan	769.8		14.6		692.6		13.2		141.5		2.7		157.6		3.0		1.3	88.3	11.2	50.0	36.0	31.8
18	11	Canada	362.1		24.8		388.3		26.6		69.2		4.7		91.3		6.3		14.2	46.7	8.2	74.7	22.7	29.5
19	12	Korea (Republic of)	466.4		50.6		425.2		46.1		..		..		..		..		2.0	88.3	6.3	56.4	36.8	35.3
20	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	14.8		6.8		441.4		203.9		..		..		..		..		5.7	46.3	4.7	84.7	18.1	56.9
21	13	Iceland	4.6		37.3		3.9		31.9		2.5		20.0		2.2		17.7		41.9	14.6	12.2	58.8	8.9	29.0
22	15	Denmark	96.5		31.0		84.5		27.1		59.9		19.2		50.7		16.3		21.3	60.4	16.0	72.7	22.1	22.8
23	16	Israel	58.4		28.4		59.2		28.7		24.7		12.0		18.1		8.8		4.0	65.4	8.5	57.4	28.7	24.1
24	17	Belgium	411.1		87.5		389.5		82.9		83.3		17.7		78.5		16.7		10.3	70.7	9.8	66.9	13.5	17.6
25	18	Austria	144.9		38.2		150.6		39.7		54.5		14.4		36.9		9.7		8.7	79.5	9.5	72.5	30.2	27.0
26	18	Singapore	351.9		180.9		310.8		159.8		112.3		57.7		96.5		49.6		2.2	72.1	3.5	64.7	64.5	61.4
27	20	France	511.7		19.8		592.1		22.9		143.7		5.6		129.8		5.0		12.9	78.2	9.9	73.1	26.5	25.8
28	21	Finland	70.1		29.5		68.8		28.9		24.6		10.3		21.7		9.1		8.5	76.5	9.6	60.5	23.1	26.2
29	21	Slovenia	24.4		50.9		26.5		55.2		5.8		12.0		4.4		9.1		6.0	84.8	11.2	69.1	25.6	26.4
30	23	Spain	246.3		17.3		315.5		22.2		124.1		8.7		87.1		6.1		16.2	71.9	11.8	65.3	21.3	26.7
31	24	Liechtenstein	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
32	25	Italy	446.8		21.5		487.0		23.5		98.3		4.7		110.1		5.3		8.6	81.7	11.3	63.0	24.2	23.0
33	26	Luxembourg	13.8		26.4		20.3		38.8		67.5		128.6		37.3		71.2		11.3	79.3	12.3	63.3	19.0	17.7
34	26	United Kingdom	405.9		18.4		559.3		25.3		237.9		10.8		168.8		7.6		7.0	68.2	10.9	67.1	26.0	26.1
35	28	Czech Republic	132.1		67.1		125.7		63.8		21.7		11.0		18.2		9.2		5.3	86.4	6.7	76.9	40.6	43.2
36	29	Greece	21.7		7.0		63.9		20.6		37.5		12.1		20.2		6.5		27.5	49.1	13.4	59.2	14.7	12.5
37	30	Brunei Darussalam	..		..		..		..		1.1	d	7.9		1.4	d	12.4		..	..	..	..	..	..
38	31	Cyprus	0.8		3.2		8.6		37.0		11.5		49.5		4.2		17.9		36.1	50.2	15.6	61.6	34.2	14.6
39	32	Malta	3.7		45.7		5.7		70.5		4.0		49.0		2.6		31.6		5.3	67.6	11.3	62.6	60.4	37.1
40	33	Andorra	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
41	33	Estonia	12.8		67.3		13.2		69.4		4.5		23.7		2.8		14.6		15.2	62.2	13.6	63.8	24.9	27.1
42	35	Slovakia	64.0		73.4		64.0		73.5		..		..		..		..		5.6	86.3	7.7	75.5	26.6	43.9
43	36	Qatar	48.3		43.0		..		..		2.3		2.0		6.2		5.5		0.1	6.8	..	..	0.9	..
44	37	Hungary	94.7		74.0		87.4		68.3		19.1		14.9		15.9		12.4		8.1	81.7	5.8	71.8	50.1	51.6
45	38	Barbados	0.2		6.1		1.2		31.1		1.5		38.1		0.8		19.6		33.5	63.9	26.7	70.0	15.7	16.7
46	39	Poland	157.1		34.9		174.1		38.7		32.5		7.2		29.0		6.4		12.0	79.1	9.4	74.2	30.6	29.2
47	40	Chile	70.9		36.5		59.4		30.5		10.8		5.6		11.8		6.1		22.2	12.0	7.7	68.7	9.7	19.3
48	41	Lithuania	20.8		56.9		23.4		63.9		4.1		11.3		2.8		7.7		19.7	54.0	14.2	49.9	13.4	16.4
49	41	United Arab Emirates	..		..		..		..		11.7		4.1		41.7		14.7		..	..	..	..	..	..
50	43	Portugal	48.7		21.2		75.6		32.8		23.3		10.1		14.4		6.2		13.9	73.1	15.1	66.7	24.8	22.1
51	44	Latvia	8.9		35.5		11.1		44.7		3.7		14.7		2.2		8.8		30.0	57.6	16.3	59.1	13.7	16.0
52	45	Argentina	68.2		20.2		56.8		16.8		13.2		3.9		14.1		4.2		50.8	32.2	3.7	84.4	13.1	29.1
53	46	Seychelles	..		..		..		..		0.4		47.7		0.3		36.8		..	..	..	..	..	..
54	47	Croatia	11.8		19.0		20.1		32.3		11.0		17.7		3.5		5.6		15.0	68.0	11.5	67.2	24.6	17.2
55	HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
56	48	Bahrain	15.5		73.3		16.0		75.7		4.0		19.2		1.9		9.0		1.9	5.6	8.1	38.8	1.4	25.1
57	49	Bahamas	0.3		3.9		2.9		37.0		..		..		..		..		25.6	63.4	19.3	52.9	0.0	14.1
58	50	Belarus	25.2		48.3		34.9		66.7		4.5		8.6		2.9		5.5		14.7	52.9	9.4	47.5	10.7	20.2
59	51	Uruguay	5.4	d	15.4		6.9	d	19.8		2.5		7.1		1.4		4.1		73.5	23.7	12.2	62.5	10.5	15.6
60	52	Montenegro	..		..		..		..		1.0		24.0		0.4		9.7		..	..	..	..	..	..
61	52	Palau	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
62	54	Kuwait	50.3		43.8		..		..		7.7		6.7		13.6		11.8		0.4	6.2	..	..	3.4	..
63	55	Russian Federation	400.1		29.5		248.7		18.4		44.3		3.3		73.5		5.4		4.1	14.1	14.0	68.6	9.7	21.7
64	56	Romania	49.4		30.6		62.0		38.4		8.6		5.3		9.4		5.8		10.1	78.5	9.1	75.3	37.0	32.6
65	57	Bulgaria	20.6		42.8		25.4		52.7		7.0		14.5		4.5		9.3		17.5	49.3	10.6	54.9	22.1	20.4
66	57	Saudi Arabia	245.9		59.4		106.9		25.8		10.7		2.6		76.8		18.5		1.2	11.0	16.5	76.1	2.7	23.0
67	59	Cuba	..		..		..		..		8.0	d	..		1.4	d	..		..	..	..	..	..	..
68	59	Panama	0.7		2.8		16.7		65.8		6.1		24.0		2.8		10.9		67.6	11.9	8.2	89.7	0.1	11.8
69	61	Mexico	298.3		31.0		301.5		31.4		15.4		1.6		25.6		2.7		6.3	74.5	7.8	79.5	40.3	46.2
70	62	Costa Rica	9.0		27.6		13.9		42.4		4.2		12.7		1.8		5.4		37.3	60.7	10.1	73.0	43.9	31.8
71	63	Grenada	..		..		0.3	d	36.2		0.1		17.7		0.1		13.0		..	..	25.8	58.8	..	14.1
72	64	Libya	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
73	64	Malaysia	198.8		92.3		164.5		76.3		34.0		15.8		33.7		15.6		14.5	67.0	9.8	73.2	54.5	54.5
74	64	Serbia	..		..		..		..		3.5		9.0		3.5		9.0		..	..	..	..	..	..
75	67	Antigua and Barbuda	0.0		0.2		0.5		42.3		0.5		43.2		0.2		18.8		50.7	47.6	22.5	48.3	0.0	23.1
76	67	Trinidad and Tobago	10.0		49.1		6.5		31.9		0.9		4.2		0.4		2.1		2.6	31.0	11.9	49.9	1.0	20.0
77	69	Kazakhstan	..		..		..		..		4.2		3.2		11.3		8.6		..	..	..	..	..	..
78	70	Albania	1.5		12.9		4.6		38.4		2.2		18.7		2.0		16.8		6.9	62.0	19.0	63.6	5.7	12.5
79	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	67.0		18.5		32.3		9.0		..		..		..		..		0.2	4.0	16.7	80.8	7.2	25.0
80	72	Dominica	0.0		5.9		0.2		47.1		0.1		24.7		0.1		13.2		27.1	66.0	25.1	57.1	0.9	16.2
81	72	Georgia	1.3		11.5		5.1		45.5		1.6		14.3		1.1		9.7		21.5	46.3	18.9	60.2	6.0	13.3
82	72	Lebanon	4.3		11.5		18.0		48.6		15.3		41.3		13.0		35.2		12.6	54.6	16.7	54.8	18.4	11.7
83	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	0.0		3.9		0.3		39.6		..		..		..		..		12.7	87.2	21.6	73.7	87.8	17.5
84	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	83.8		25.3		54.7		16.5		..		..		..		..		6.5	15.6	17.6	70.0	4.3	21.3
85	77	Peru	35.2		25.1		30.0		21.4		4.0		2.8		6.0		4.3		16.9	10.9	12.0	72.5	4.5	17.9
86	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	2.7	d	29.2		5.0	d	54.7		..		..		..		..		25.4	69.0	17.4	74.8	7.0	11.8
87	78	Ukraine	51.4		40.7		60.7		48.0		17.1		13.5		12.2		9.7		20.4	63.7	10.3	52.9	13.9	16.9
88	80	Mauritius	1.5		16.1		4.4		47.5		2.7		29.1		2.0		21.4		39.5	56.3	23.1	54.6	1.6	15.6
89	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	4.8		28.5		9.2		54.7		1.3		7.6		0.6		3.5		13.2	54.7	19.7	57.8	27.6	15.6
90	82	Azerbaijan	21.3		43.8		6.6		13.6		2.1		4.3		3.8		7.8		2.8	2.5	20.2	76.3	6.0	23.1
91	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0.0		5.2		0.4		56.3		..		..		..		..		82.4	15.7	24.0	53.3	0.2	15.1
92	84	Oman	31.6		60.4		19.8		37.8		1.8		3.4		6.5		12.5		2.6	10.5	12.7	73.3	8.6	21.9
93	85	Brazil	197.4		10.5		179.7		9.6		31.8		1.7		62.6		3.3		34.8	35.8	6.0	73.9	22.8	30.7
94	85	Jamaica	1.2		9.5		5.2		39.7		2.6		20.0		1.8		13.9		24.8	7.9	18.7	48.7	1.5	14.5
95	87	Armenia	0.9		9.6		3.7		41.5		0.8		8.5		1.0		11.1		17.3	21.2	18.6	52.5	10.4	17.1
96	88	Saint Lucia	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
97	89	Ecuador	17.5		31.8		20.6		37.4		1.4		2.5		3.0		5.4		34.1	9.6	9.4	67.8	12.9	17.4
98	90	Turkey	114.0		16.9		185.5		27.6		34.4		5.1		19.7		2.9		10.9	77.7	6.9	62.5	14.8	21.3
99	91	Colombia	39.5		15.0		40.5		15.4		4.4		1.7		8.0		3.0		14.6	21.0	11.1	80.9	8.4	17.3
100	92	Sri Lanka	8.3		18.1		12.4		27.0		2.5		5.4		3.1		6.8		30.8	61.2	16.7	61.8	5.5	13.7
101	93	Algeria	57.1		38.0		41.0		27.3		3.6		2.4		11.9		7.9		0.6	0.8	17.9	78.4	2.9	20.5
102	94	Tunisia	16.4		37.4		22.2		50.6		5.8		13.2		3.3		7.6		8.2	76.0	11.5	72.3	28.9	26.8
103	MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
104	95	Tonga	0.0		2.4		0.2		47.0		0.0		12.2		0.0		13.5		90.6	7.6	31.3	44.8	0.2	16.3
105	96	Belize	0.3		20.5		0.7		50.9		0.4		25.7		0.2		11.8		62.3	1.3	17.4	60.9	0.3	12.3
106	96	Dominican Republic	4.8		9.7		15.1		30.8		5.1		10.3		2.1		4.4		28.5	67.6	14.6	59.4	10.4	18.7
107	96	Fiji	0.6		18.6		1.8		60.2		0.7	d	23.3		0.5	d	14.9		62.2	22.1	18.7	48.1	5.7	19.1
108	96	Samoa	0.1		10.6		0.3		55.3		0.2		28.3		0.1		15.5		21.5	78.2	26.9	54.0	97.8	17.4
109	100	Jordan	5.9		23.6		15.3		60.8		5.2		20.5		4.3		17.0		16.5	72.0	17.6	56.3	5.4	18.4
110	101	China	1,577.8		28.9		1,289.1		23.6		171.2		3.1		193.3		3.5		3.3	93.4	8.4	60.9	28.7	44.8
111	102	Turkmenistan	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
112	103	Thailand	195.3		67.0		180.1		61.8		34.0		11.7		45.9		15.7		18.0	71.6	6.6	66.2	38.1	40.9
113	104	Maldives	0.1		3.7		1.1		54.5		0.8		38.3		0.3		15.3		96.2	0.1	24.6	50.2	0.0	21.1
114	105	Suriname	2.0		49.2		1.4		33.9		0.2		5.9		0.3		6.3		2.9	1.9	15.3	63.7	27.8	18.3
115	106	Gabon	5.4	d	44.4		2.5	d	20.7		0.4		3.3		1.9		15.9		9.6	4.2	17.6	74.1	30.3	26.1
116	107	El Salvador	4.5		21.4		8.5		40.3		1.0		4.6		1.1		5.1		21.9	71.5	18.5	63.8	7.8	14.1
117	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	7.0		37.7		5.6		30.3		..		..		..		..		16.1	6.3	8.4	78.1	2.6	12.3
118	108	Mongolia	..		..		..		..		0.5		9.0		0.8		14.5		..	..	..	..	..	..
119	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	0.4	d	..		4.0	d	..		..		..		..		..		17.2	66.9	22.9	43.8	1.5	10.1
120	111	Paraguay	4.5		27.8		10.0		61.6		1.5		9.2		0.7		4.4		88.5	10.7	8.1	79.4	7.4	20.1
121	112	Egypt	26.3		12.9		53.0		26.0		..		..		..		..		19.5	41.7	22.4	59.9	8.4	18.1
122	113	Moldova (Republic of)	0.9		16.6		3.9		68.5		..		..		..		..		73.0	22.6	16.2	62.4	8.2	15.6
123	114	Philippines	51.5		28.0		58.5		31.8		13.2		7.2		11.3		6.1		8.0	85.1	11.7	66.8	72.8	58.4
124	114	Uzbekistan	..		..		..		..		1.1		3.1		0.6		1.7		..	..	..	..	..	..
125	116	Syrian Arab Republic	11.4		20.1		17.6		31.1		5.2		8.5		..		..		22.7	24.7	23.4	54.1	6.6	16.0
126	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
127	118	Guyana	0.9		43.2		1.4		67.6		0.3		12.7		0.3		16.3		49.0	3.8	15.3	54.8	2.1	15.5
128	119	Botswana	4.7		35.5		5.7		42.8		0.8		6.1		1.2		9.3		5.2	10.5	13.2	57.2	16.3	21.8
129	120	Honduras	2.6	d	17.8		6.0	d	40.4		1.0		6.9		1.3		9.0		53.1	33.8	20.1	59.9	18.3	15.0
130	121	Indonesia	157.8		25.3		135.5		21.7		16.8		2.7		26.1		4.2		22.8	37.0	11.5	63.4	18.8	32.9
131	121	Kiribati	0.0		2.8		0.1		52.4		..		..		..		..		68.3	27.6	41.7	32.0	0.1	18.3
132	121	South Africa	71.5		22.1		79.9		24.7		14.0		4.3		18.5		5.7		11.0	43.2	6.8	64.1	15.0	27.3
133	124	Vanuatu	..		..		..		..		0.2	d	38.2		0.1	d	16.8		..	..	..	..	..	..
134	125	Kyrgyzstan	1.3		27.4		3.2		68.0		..		..		..		..		17.1	18.6	18.1	53.9	14.6	12.8
135	125	Tajikistan	..		..		..		..		0.2		3.9		0.4		7.4		..	..	..	..	..	..
136	127	Viet Nam	72.2	d	71.1		84.8	d	83.5		..		..		..		..		23.3	64.0	12.1	71.9	19.0	23.6
137	128	Namibia	5.8		58.3		6.0		59.6		0.9		8.5		0.7		7.0		25.5	23.3	15.5	69.6	6.7	16.4
138	129	Nicaragua	1.8		28.9		4.2		65.5		0.5		7.4		0.7		10.8		78.7	6.3	17.1	60.8	5.7	14.5
139	130	Morocco	17.8		19.6		35.4		38.9		12.5		13.8		7.4		8.2		20.6	63.4	13.6	59.9	28.2	21.5
140	131	Iraq	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
141	132	Cape Verde	0.0		2.9		0.7		44.8		0.5		31.3		0.4		23.2		81.6	17.5	29.1	57.8	0.0	18.2
142	133	Guatemala	8.5		21.4		13.8		35.0		2.2		5.6		2.4		6.0		46.3	42.6	14.6	66.0	3.0	15.7
143	134	Timor-Leste	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
144	135	Ghana	5.2		18.0		8.1		27.7		1.5		5.1		3.0		10.3		24.2	7.3	16.4	81.3	8.9	19.0
145	136	Equatorial Guinea	..		..		..		..		0.1		0.5		2.2		16.7		..	..	..	..	..	..
146	136	India	220.4		14.5		350.0		23.0		123.8		8.1		116.8		7.7		10.5	52.4	5.1	36.9	14.5	29.8
147	138	Cambodia	5.6		51.7		4.9		45.3		1.8		17.0		1.2		10.8		3.7	96.1	8.6	79.4	0.2	7.3
148	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
149	140	Bhutan	0.4		29.7		0.9		61.4		0.1	d	4.2		0.1	d	5.3		7.4	69.5	13.7	60.8	0.0	19.1
150	141	Swaziland	..		..		..		..		0.2		7.2		0.6		17.6		..	..	..	..	..	..
151	LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
152	142	Congo	6.9		64.1		4.4		40.5		..		..		..		..		2.1	30.2	7.4	86.7	2.5	9.1
153	143	Solomon Islands	0.2		32.9		0.4		65.6		0.1		14.7		0.2		28.8		29.2	0.1	18.7	20.1	14.5	21.6
154	144	Sao Tome and Principe	0.0		3.2		0.1		56.4		0.0	d	5.3	d	0.0	d	9.6	d	95.3	4.7	30.6	52.0	20.1	13.5
155	145	Kenya	5.2		16.5		12.1		38.5		3.7		11.7		2.0		6.4		57.6	33.9	13.6	62.8	6.3	16.1
156	146	Bangladesh	..		..		..		..		2.4		2.6		4.4		4.6		..	..	..	..	..	..
157	146	Pakistan	21.0		12.4		37.5		22.1		6.4		3.8		7.1		4.2		18.8	74.0	18.0	48.4	0.6	17.1
158	148	Angola	..		..		..		..		0.6		0.8		17.3		22.0		..	..	..	..	..	..
159	149	Myanmar	7.6		..		4.2		..		0.3		..		0.7		..		30.2	5.5	8.7	67.9	2.3	14.3
160	150	Cameroon	3.9		17.4		5.1		22.9		1.2		5.2		1.7		7.8		39.2	6.9	19.3	51.3	18.6	17.5
161	151	Madagascar	0.9		11.0		2.5		29.6		1.0	d	9.9		1.2	d	14.2		29.9	46.7	14.6	69.6	1.5	22.5
162	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	3.9		17.7		8.0		36.2		..		..		..		..		29.6	17.2	10.8	60.5	8.0	15.0
163	153	Nigeria	86.6		47.3		44.2		24.2		3.1		1.7		22.3		12.2		5.0	6.7	11.0	86.5	8.0	24.0
164	154	Senegal	2.2		16.9		4.8		37.3		1.1		8.9		1.1		8.9		27.2	36.4	23.9	44.4	3.2	15.9
165	155	Mauritania	0.7		21.9		1.7		52.0		0.2		4.8		0.8		23.2		38.4	0.0	19.9	52.8	0.0	30.7
166	156	Papua New Guinea	..		..		..		..		0.2		2.4		2.8		32.7		..	..	..	..	..	..
167	157	Nepal	0.8		5.8		5.1		35.5		0.7		4.7		0.9		6.0		23.0	72.3	13.4	56.5	3.0	15.5
168	158	Lesotho	0.6		32.3		1.4		69.7		0.0		2.5		0.5		26.5		12.9	84.7	30.4	57.8	8.4	16.2
169	159	Togo	0.4		13.9		1.0		31.3		0.3		8.6		0.3		11.0		18.8	70.2	17.0	67.2	0.3	12.1
170	160	Yemen	6.2	d	22.1		9.3	d	33.0		..		..		..		..		6.8	1.1	31.6	46.7	5.3	13.7
171	161	Haiti	..		..		..		..		0.4		5.8		0.9		13.6		..	..	..	..	..	..
172	161	Uganda	1.2		7.0		4.7		28.3		1.3		7.9		1.8		11.1		74.0	22.8	13.5	65.3	2.7	18.0
173	163	Zambia	7.2		49.7		5.3		36.7		0.3		2.2		0.9		6.5		6.8	8.7	5.3	61.7	14.0	18.5
174	164	Djibouti	0.2	d	15.0		0.6	d	61.7		0.3	d	30.7		0.1	d	12.2		0.5	92.7	30.1	62.7	47.0	19.0
175	165	Gambia	0.0		3.4		0.3		28.0		..		..		..		..		79.0	10.5	35.9	42.9	5.7	22.2
176	166	Benin	0.4		6.6		1.5		22.7		0.3		5.3		0.4		6.6		84.4	14.7	35.5	43.1	4.8	8.0
177	167	Rwanda	0.2	d	4.4		1.1	d	20.5		0.4		6.9		0.6		11.0		52.9	20.8	14.9	75.8	3.0	17.5
178	168	Côte d'Ivoire	10.3		44.8		7.8		34.2		..		..		..		..		58.1	16.1	20.1	54.9	5.8	11.7
179	169	Comoros	..		..		..		..		0.1		11.3		0.1		17.9		..	..	..	..	..	..
180	170	Malawi	1.1		21.8		2.2		44.4		0.1		1.7		0.4		7.7		79.8	9.0	14.8	74.1	11.6	10.1
181	171	Sudan	9.0	d	14.9		8.6	d	14.1		0.3		0.4		2.9		4.8		6.2	0.4	16.1	78.9	4.4	16.8
182	172	Zimbabwe	3.2		48.1		9.1		136.0		0.2		3.6		0.4		6.6		24.7	29.5	20.7	49.2	1.9	11.3
183	173	Ethiopia	2.3		7.4		8.6		27.9		2.4		7.6		2.5		8.2		82.7	8.2	11.5	68.8	17.7	18.8
184	174	Liberia	..		..		..		..		0.2		16.9		1.1		115.7		..	..	..	..	..	..
185	175	Afghanistan	0.4		2.5		5.2		32.8		..		..		..		..		50.8	19.6	13.7	19.1	0.0	27.1
186	176	Guinea-Bissau	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
187	177	Sierra Leone	..		..		..		..		0.1		3.2		0.1		7.6		..	..	..	..	..	..
188	178	Burundi	0.1		6.2		0.4		21.0		0.1		4.1		0.2		8.8		76.8	5.3	15.1	81.7	16.1	13.9
189	178	Guinea	..		..		..		..		0.1		1.4		0.4		8.9		..	..	..	..	..	..
190	180	Central African Republic	0.1	d	4.5		0.2	d	10.6		0.1		3.3		0.2		8.7		37.4	3.1	30.2	67.2	13.2	18.4
191	181	Eritrea	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
192	182	Mali	1.9		21.0		4.7		51.2		0.4		3.8		0.9		9.8		14.2	3.7	12.1	61.3	11.0	21.3
193	183	Burkina Faso	1.3		15.0		2.0		23.9		0.1		1.4		0.6		7.1		28.0	2.9	15.9	61.3	13.3	15.7
194	184	Chad	..		..		..		..		0.2		2.0		2.4		30.4		..	..	..	..	..	..
195	185	Mozambique	2.2		23.3		3.6		37.7		0.6		6.9		1.1		12.1		20.1	2.0	12.6	49.6	20.9	17.4
196	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
197	186	Niger	0.5		9.1		2.3		43.0		0.1		2.5		1.1		19.8		20.7	11.9	17.3	69.3	2.6	18.3
198	OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
199		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
200		Marshall Islands	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
201		Monaco	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
202		Nauru	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
203		San Marino	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
204		Somalia	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
205		South Sudan	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
206		Tuvalu	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
207
208		HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX GROUPS
209		Very high human development	8,889.2		21.6		9,960.0		24.2		2,682.8		6.6		2,333.0		5.8		9.4	70.1	8.5	67.4	29.5	30.6
210		High human development	2,088.2		26.8		1,769.7		23.2		302.6		4.0		426.9		5.9		10.5	37.4	11.3	71.6	30.0	30.4
211		Medium human development	2,475.3		27.0		2,409.2		26.2		418.1		4.7		446.8		5.1		7.9	79.9	8.7	59.0	28.5	38.8
212		Low human development	188.8		24.9		210.0		27.9		29.1		3.3		82.6		9.8		18.0	19.4	14.1	66.9	3.8	18.9
213		REGIONS
214		Arab States	546.6		38.9		367.5		..		86.4		5.8		..		..		4.4	17.8	16.7	70.5	12.5	21.0
215		East Asia and the Pacific	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
216		Europe and Central Asia	1,226.6		33.5		1,218.4		33.1		251.7		6.6		232.3		6.2		8.5	54.9	10.3	68.3	28.7	29.1
217		Latin America and the Caribbean	857.8		18.9		842.6		18.5		120.0		2.7		151.8		3.6		21.0	42.0	8.5	76.3	31.5	32.3
218		South Asia	335.2		14.2		466.8		23.3		136.6		7.4		132.7		7.2		10.6	44.8	8.7	44.2	11.8	26.1
219		Sub-Saharan Africa	237.5		28.3		246.3		29.1		39.6		4.3		93.5		10.3		15.7	21.5	11.4	69.1	12.4	22.2
220
221		Least developed countries	..		..		..		..		16.8		3.5		49.9		11.0		..	..	..	..	..	..
222		SIDS	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..	..	..	..
223
224		World	13,641.6		23.2		14,348.9		24.5		3,432.6		5.9		3,289.3		5.7		9.4	66.5	9.0	66.6	29.2	31.6
225
226		NOTES
227		a. All data on merchandise trade are extracted at the six-digit level of the 1996 Harmonized System (HS) nomenclature. For definitional purposes, they are concorded with Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) using the UN's HS-SITC concordance.
228		b. GDP (current US$) is averaged for 2009 and 2010. GDP (current US$) is averaged for 2009 and 2010
229		c. For methodology of classification of parts and components, see Athukorala (2012) and its discussion paper version cited therein.
230		d. Data refer to 2009.
231
232		DEFINITIONS
233		Exports of merchandise goods: Goods that subtract from the stock of material resources of a country by leaving its economic territory.
234		Imports of merchandise goods: Goods that add to the stock of material resources of a country by entering its economic territory.
235		Exports of services: Exports of a heterogeneous range of intangible products and activities that changes the conditions of the consuming units or facilitates the exchange of products or financial assets.
236		Imports of services: Imports of a heterogeneous range of intangible products and activities that changes the conditions of the consuming units or facilitates the exchange of products or financial assets.
237		Share of merchandise imports of agriculture or manufacturing goods: Imports of agricultural or manufactured goods expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports.
238		Parts and components: Intermediate goods used as an inputs in the production of manufactures for final consumption, expressed as a percentage of total manufactured exports and imports.
239
240
241		MAIN DATA SOURCES
242		Columns 1, 3 and 9-14: UNSD (2012b).
243		Columns 2 and 4: HDRO computations based on UNSD(2012b) and World Bank (2012a)
244		Columns 5 and 7: UNCTAD (2012).
245		Columns 6 and 8: HDRO computations based on UNSD(2012b) and World Bank (2012a)


1		Table 11: International capital flows and migration
2
3			FINANCIAL FLOWS												HUMAN MOBILITY
4															Migration
5			Foreign direct investment, net inflows		Net official development assistance received	a	Private capital flows		Remittances (% of GDP)				Total reserves minus gold		Stock of emigrants	b	Stock of immigrants	Net migration rate	c	International inbound tourism		International telephone traffic (minutes per person)
6			(% of GDP)		(% of GNI)		(% of GDP)		Inflows		Outflows		(% of GDP)		(% of population)		(% of population)	(per 1,000 people)		(thousands)		Incoming		Outgoing
7	HDI rank		2007-2011	d	2010		2007-2011	d	2010		2010		2007-2011	d	2010		2010	2005/2010		2010		2005-2010	d	2005-2010	c
8	Very high human development
9	1	Norway	2.8		-1.1		-4.9		0.16		0.97		10.2		3.8		10.0	7.2		4,767		..		241.9
10	2	Australia	2.7		-0.3		6.5		0.43		0.33		3.1		2.1		25.7	10.5		5,885		..		..
11	3	United States	1.5		-0.2		-0.2		0.04		0.36		0.9		0.8		13.5	3.3		59,791		82.5		237.1
12	4	Netherlands	1.9		-0.8		1.1		0.50		1.67		2.4		6.0		10.5	0.6		10,883		..		96.5
13	5	Germany	1.1		-0.4		1.2		0.35		0.49		1.9		4.3		13.1	1.3		26,875		..		182.5
14	6	New Zealand	0.5		-0.3		1.7		0.59	e	0.82	e	11.7	f	14.5		22.4	3.1		2,492		..		173.3
15	7	Ireland	6.4		-0.5		25.3		0.29		0.85		0.6		16.1		19.6	4.6		7,189		..		441.8
16	7	Sweden	2.3		-1.0		2.2		0.15		0.15		8.2		3.4		14.1	5.8		4,951		..		160.5
17	9	Switzerland	0.4		-0.4		-9.0		0.49		4.09		44.0		5.4		23.2	4.8		8,628		..		409.3
18	10	Japan	0.0		-0.2		0.7		0.03		0.08		21.4		0.6		1.7	0.4		8,611		13.8		..
19	11	Canada	2.4		-0.3		4.1		..		..		3.8		3.5		21.3	6.6		16,097		..		..
20	12	Korea (Republic of)	0.4		-0.1		-0.5		0.86		1.12		27.3		4.3		1.1	-0.1		8,798		22.2		47.7
21	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	34.1		..		-0.8		0.15		0.19		117.1		10.2		38.8	5.1		20,085		524.3		1,446.9
22	13	Iceland	7.2		-0.3		-55.2		0.20		0.10		60.1		13.0		11.3	6.8		1,213		233.1		148.0
23	15	Denmark	4.6		-0.9		-1.6		0.20		1.02		24.6		4.7		8.8	3.3		8,744		183.9		190.6
24	16	Israel	4.7		..		-0.2		0.65		1.72		30.8		14.0		40.4	7.8		2,803		..		..
25	17	Belgium	18.0		-0.6		-0.2		2.18		0.87		3.5		4.2		13.7	3.8		7,186		..		255.0
26	18	Austria	3.3		-0.3		0.6		0.86		0.92		2.6		7.1		15.6	3.8		22,004		..		171.6
27	18	Singapore	18.1		..		-1.4		..		..		99.1		6.1		40.7	30.9		9,161		447.5		1,525.2
28	20	France	1.5		-0.5		10.8		0.61		0.21		1.8		2.8		10.7	1.6		77,148		182.1		192.1
29	21	Finland	0.0		-0.6		2.9		0.35		0.18		3.0		6.2		4.2	2.7		3,670		..		..
30	21	Slovenia	2.2		..		6.8		0.66		0.34		1.7		6.5		8.1	2.2		1,869	g	88.2		112.0
31	23	Spain	1.7		..		-3.2		0.76		0.88		2.2		3.0		15.2	10.1		52,677		..		118.9
32	24	Liechtenstein	..		..		..		..		..		..		17.1		34.6	..		52		..		..
33	25	Italy	1.5		-0.2		-3.4		0.33		0.60		2.2		5.8		7.4	6.7		43,626		..		152.0
34	26	Luxembourg	542.9		-1.1		214.8		2.99		19.69		1.5		11.8		35.2	17.6		849		810.6		822.5
35	26	United Kingdom	2.2		-0.6		-4.9		0.33		0.16		3.3		7.5		11.2	3.3		28,295		..		147.5
36	28	Czech Republic	2.5		..		2.1		0.57		0.92		18.4		3.6		4.4	4.6		8,185		120.1		50.5
37	29	Greece	0.6		..		-7.8		0.50		0.65		0.4		10.8		10.1	2.7		15,007	h	96.1		201.3
38	30	Brunei Darussalam	4.0		..		4.3		..		3.60		12.6	f	6.0		36.4	1.8		157	g	..		..
39	31	Cyprus	1.0		..		35.1		0.63		1.75		2.0		17.0		17.5	8.3		2,173		314.7		555.4
40	32	Malta	12.2		..		-42.2		0.58		0.56		5.6		26.2		3.8	2.4		1,332		..		144.0
41	33	Andorra	..		..		..		..		..		..		10.7		64.4	..		1,830		638.6		708.3
42	33	Estonia	0.8		..		15.0		1.71		0.50		0.9		12.6		13.6	0.0		2,120		102.9		80.8
43	35	Slovakia	0.6		..		1.4		1.83		0.08		0.9		9.6		2.4	1.3		1,298	i	137.2		140.6
44	36	Qatar	4.3		..		..		..		..		9.4		0.7		86.5	132.9		1,866		422.7		484.8
45	37	Hungary	17.1		..		6.5		1.76		0.98		34.8		4.6		3.7	1.5		9,510		116.2		48.2
46	38	Barbados	16.3		0.3	e	10.4		2.99		0.97		22.1		41.0		10.9	0.0		532		..		..
47	39	Poland	2.8		..		4.9		1.62		0.34		18.0		8.3		2.2	0.3		12,470		..		24.9
48	40	Chile	7.0		0.1		-0.3		0.00		0.00		16.9		3.7		1.9	0.4		2,766		26.2		12.2
49	41	Lithuania	2.9		..		6.1		4.34		1.48		18.5		13.2		4.0	-2.1		1,507		75.1		34.4
50	41	United Arab Emirates	1.3		..		..		..		..		10.3		1.2		70.0	106.3		7,126		..		643.1
51	43	Portugal	4.3		-0.3		-3.8		1.56		0.62		0.8		20.8		8.6	2.8		6,756	g	173.9		111.2
52	44	Latvia	5.5		..		2.9		2.56		0.18		21.2		12.3		15.0	-0.9		1,373		..		94.1
53	45	Argentina	1.6		0.0		0.9		0.17		0.27		9.7		2.4		3.6	-1.0		5,325		..		18.4
54	46	Seychelles	17.4		6.3		19.3		1.13		2.72		25.1		14.6		12.8	..		175		64.7		111.3
55	47	Croatia	2.3		0.3		3.8		2.16		0.27		22.7		17.1		15.9	0.5		9,111		224.1		90.9
56	High human development
57	48	Bahrain	0.7		..		19.9		..		7.16	e	22.2	f	3.7		39.1	90.2		4,935		..		..
58	49	Bahamas	7.6		..		7.1		..		1.18		13.7		12.8		9.7	3.9		1,370		..		..
59	50	Belarus	7.2		0.3		8.7		0.68		0.19		10.9		18.4		11.4	-1.0		119		69.6		52.2
60	51	Uruguay	4.1		0.1		9.0		0.26		0.02		22.0		10.5		2.4	-3.0		2,353		76.2		46.3
61	52	Montenegro	18.5		2.0		..		7.32		0.67		8.6		0.0		6.8	-0.8		1,088		..		..
62	52	Palau	1.4		19.5		..		..		..		..		38.8		28.1	..		84		179.9		205.1
63	54	Kuwait	0.1		..		-7.8		..		9.47	e	14.6		8.5		68.8	22.2		207		..		..
64	55	Russian Federation	2.8		..		-1.7		0.35		1.26		24.4		7.9		8.7	1.6		22,281		..		..
65	56	Romania	1.5		..		3.0		2.40		0.22		23.9		13.1		0.6	-0.9		7,575		105.4		..
66	57	Bulgaria	3.4		..		2.2		2.91		0.05		28.5		16.0		1.4	-1.3		6,047		107.1		47.4
67	57	Saudi Arabia	2.8		..		-0.5		0.05		6.00		93.7		0.7		27.8	8.2		10,850		..		..
68	59	Cuba	0.0		0.2		..		..		..		8.1		10.9		0.1	-3.4		2,507		32.7		2.5
69	59	Panama	8.8		0.5		7.5		0.86		0.93		7.5		4.0		3.4	0.7		1,324		54.4		75.5
70	61	Mexico	1.7		0.0		4.5		2.13		..		12.5		10.7		0.7	-3.3		22,260		..		..
71	62	Costa Rica	5.1		0.3		5.8		1.52		0.75		11.6		2.7		10.5	3.4		2,100		85.7		43.1
72	63	Grenada	7.7		4.6		6.0		6.96		0.47		14.8		65.5		12.1	-9.7		114		488.1		315.8
73	64	Libya	2.2		0.1	e	-5.0		0.03	e	..		..		1.7		10.4	-0.7		34	i	..		..
74	64	Malaysia	3.9		0.0		-1.4		0.55		2.75		47.3		5.3		8.4	0.6		24,577	e	..		..
75	64	Serbia	6.0		1.8		10.6		8.72		0.18		33.0		2.0		5.3	0.0		683		104.4		32.1
76	67	Antigua and Barbuda	8.4		1.7		5.2		2.15		0.19		13.1		47.6		23.6	..		230		487.3		247.8
77	67	Trinidad and Tobago	2.6		0.0		2.6		0.57		..		46.3		26.7		2.6	-3.0		413		243.7		200.6
78	69	Kazakhstan	6.9		0.2		-2.7		0.20		2.04		13.5		23.6		19.5	0.1		3,393		40.1		38.9
79	70	Albania	9.4		2.9		6.7		9.75		0.20		18.5		45.4		2.8	-3.0		2,417		224.3		23.6
80	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	1.7		0.0		2.4		0.04		0.20		3.1		1.8		3.5	0.3		615		..		20.1
81	72	Dominica	5.2		7.0		6.6		5.56		0.04		16.8		104.8		8.3	..		77		140.8		172.6
82	72	Georgia	6.8		5.5		6.7		6.93		0.43		19.6		25.1		4.0	-6.8		2,033		125.6		36.4
83	72	Lebanon	11.0		1.2		2.1		19.38		9.58		80.0		15.6		17.8	-0.6		2,168		318.4		87.3
84	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	17.9		1.8		14.4		6.52		0.85		34.5		61.1		9.6	..		92		820.6		629.7
85	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	0.9		0.0		..		0.32	e	..		16.3		1.7		2.8	-0.5		2,034		3.5		10.9
86	77	Peru	4.8		-0.2		7.8		1.65		0.08		26.7		3.7		0.1	-5.1		2,299		92.7		19.6
87	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	4.0		2.1		3.4		4.25		0.25		22.9		21.9		6.3	0.2		262		..		23.3
88	78	Ukraine	4.4		0.5		5.2		4.11		0.02		18.4		14.4		11.6	-0.2		21,203		..		..
89	80	Mauritius	4.4		1.3		19.9		2.33		0.14		22.8		10.9		3.3	0.0		935		140.8		108.5
90	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	2.4		3.0		2.4		11.44		0.33		22.9		38.9		0.7	-0.5		365		213.8		49.6
91	82	Azerbaijan	2.3		0.3		1.0		2.71		1.82		16.2		16.0		3.0	1.2		1,280		74.8		17.5
92	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	15.3		2.6		15.5		4.54		1.05		13.0		37.7		7.9	-9.2		72		..		..
93	84	Oman	1.1		-0.1		-0.8		0.07	e	9.86	e	20.0		0.5		28.4	11.7		1,048	e	223.1		206.9
94	85	Brazil	2.7		0.0		4.1		0.19		0.06		14.1		0.7		0.4	-0.5		5,161		..		2.3
95	85	Jamaica	1.6		1.1		-1.5		14.50		2.26		15.1		36.1		1.1	-7.4		1,922		252.4		828.6
96	87	Armenia	6.5		3.5		4.3		10.63		1.67		18.9		28.2		10.5	-4.9		575		174.9		243.8
97	88	Saint Lucia	9.2		3.6		9.7		2.62		0.37		17.3		23.3		5.9	-1.2		306		292.7		203.6
98	89	Ecuador	0.3		0.3		0.9		4.43		0.14		2.5		8.3		2.9	-1.7		1,047		62.7		11.7
99	90	Turkey	2.1		0.1		4.6		0.12		0.02		10.1		5.6		1.9	-0.1		27,000		57.8		43.4
100	91	Colombia	4.0		0.3		3.7		1.41		0.04		9.5		4.6		0.2	-0.5		2,147		..		..
101	92	Sri Lanka	1.0		1.2		3.3		8.38		1.10		10.6		9.1		1.7	-2.5		654		28.6		..
102	93	Algeria	1.4		0.1		1.1		1.26		0.03		96.9		3.4		0.7	-0.8		1,912		36.5		17.1
103	94	Tunisia	3.2		1.3		3.0		4.45		0.03		21.4	f	6.3		0.3	-0.4		6,903		58.0		16.1
104	Medium human development
105	95	Tonga	4.5		19.5		0.0		23.65		2.60		32.9		45.4		0.8	-16.0		45		..		..
106	96	Belize	6.2		2.0		5.2		5.68		1.65		16.1		16.1		15.0	-0.7		239		135.8		178.5
107	96	Dominican Republic	3.2		0.4		5.6		6.53		0.06		7.4		10.1		4.2	-2.9		4,125		309.4		52.2
108	96	Fiji	6.2		2.5		6.0		5.78		0.69		21.8		21.3		2.2	-6.8		632		..		..
109	96	Samoa	0.1		25.5		1.8		24.11		1.21		25.7		67.3		5.0	-17.3		130		..		..
110	100	Jordan	6.4		3.6		6.0		13.78		1.87		39.8		11.3		45.9	7.0		4,557		95.8		6.8
111	101	China	3.1		0.0		2.6		0.89		0.03		43.8		0.6		0.1	-0.3		55,664		9.2		2.9
112	102	Turkmenistan	10.4		0.2		..		..		..		..		5.0		4.0	-2.2		8		..		..
113	103	Thailand	3.0		0.0		4.2		0.55		..		48.4		1.2		1.7	1.5		15,936		20.5		..
114	104	Maldives	7.9		5.6		7.9		0.20		5.31		17.0		0.6		1.0	0.0		792		..		428.6
115	105	Suriname	-5.9		2.4		-6.2		0.10	e	0.03	e	13.8	f	39.0		7.5	-2.0		205		..		..
116	106	Gabon	1.3		0.9		..		..		..		12.7		1.7		18.9	0.7		358		..		..
117	107	El Salvador	1.5		1.4		2.1		16.10		0.11		9.3		20.5		0.7	-9.5		1,150		223.3		175.7
118	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	3.2		3.6		4.2		5.54		0.53		40.6		6.8		1.5	-3.5		807		85.6		11.4
119	108	Mongolia	23.5		5.4		54.9		4.46		2.73		26.6		1.2		0.4	-1.1		457		35.2		17.2
120	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	..		..		..		..		..		..		68.4		43.6	-4.7		522		..		..
121	111	Paraguay	2.1		0.6		2.0		3.67		..		20.7		7.9		2.5	-1.3		465		37.6		19.4
122	112	Egypt	2.9		0.3		7.2		3.53		0.12		6.5		4.4		0.3	-0.9		14,051		55.4		7.8
123	113	Moldova (Republic of)	3.9		7.5		3.7		23.57		2.01		28.1		21.5		11.4	-9.4		8		198.1		59.8
124	114	Philippines	0.6		0.3		3.0		10.73		0.03		29.9		4.6		0.5	-2.8		3,520		..		..
125	114	Uzbekistan	2.1		0.6		..		..		..		..		7.0		4.2	-3.9		975		..		..
126	116	Syrian Arab Republic	2.5		0.2		2.2		2.78		0.36		32.9	f	4.2		9.8	-0.6		8,546		..		23.4
127	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	3.4		40.2		..		..		..		23.6		19.7		2.4	-16.3		26		..		..
128	118	Guyana	11.9		6.7		11.8		13.65		3.41		34.6	f	56.9		1.5	-10.7		150		103.4		26.8
129	119	Botswana	1.8		1.1		4.6		0.67		0.68		45.8		3.2		5.8	1.9		2,145		..		26.3
130	120	Honduras	5.9		3.9		5.8		17.27		0.08		15.9		7.5		0.3	-2.8		896		96.0		139.9
131	121	Indonesia	2.1		0.2		1.7		0.98		0.40		12.6		1.1		0.1	-1.1		7,003		..		..
132	121	Kiribati	2.4		10.5		..		..		..		..		6.5		2.0	..		5	g	..		..
133	121	South Africa	1.4		0.3		1.6		0.31		0.38		10.4		1.7		3.7	2.9		8,074		..		..
134	124	Vanuatu	5.6		16.2		7.1		0.93		0.38		21.2		1.6		0.3	0.0		97		..		..
135	125	Kyrgyzstan	6.6		8.5		3.9		26.60		6.19		28.8		11.2		4.0	-5.1		1,316		23.6		50.0
136	125	Tajikistan	0.3		7.8		0.4		39.96		15.17		4.4		11.2		4.0	-8.9		325		..		..
137	127	Viet Nam	7.5		2.9		6.4		7.76		..		10.9		2.5		0.1	-1.0		3,747		..		..
138	128	Namibia	7.1		2.4		4.5		0.13		0.14		14.5		0.7		6.3	-0.1		984		..		..
139	129	Nicaragua	13.3		9.8		13.3		12.48		..		25.9		12.5		0.7	-7.1		1,011		..		..
140	130	Morocco	2.5		1.1		2.0		7.07		0.07		19.5		9.3		0.2	-4.3		9,288		114.1		14.5
141	131	Iraq	1.8		2.8		-1.1		0.09		0.04		52.6		4.9		0.3	-1.0		1,518		..		..
142	132	Cape Verde	6.7		20.7		4.8		8.36		0.71		17.8		37.6		2.4	-7.1		382		110.4		28.5
143	133	Guatemala	2.2		1.0		1.5		10.23		0.05		12.4		6.1		0.4	-3.0		1,876		119.6		50.0
144	134	Timor-Leste	32.0		9.2		..		..		..		43.8		1.4		1.2	-9.4		40		6.9		11.4
145	135	Ghana	7.9		5.3		9.8		0.42		..		14.0		3.4		7.6	-0.4		803		45.3		24.5
146	136	Equatorial Guinea	4.8		0.9		..		..		..		15.4		14.9		1.1	6.1		..		..		..
147	136	India	1.4		0.2		3.0		3.21		0.23		14.7		0.9		0.4	-0.5		5,776		20.1		7.5
148	138	Cambodia	7.0		6.9		6.5		3.29		1.91		26.8		2.3		2.2	-3.7		2,399		..		..
149	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	3.9		6.2		4.6		0.57		0.11		9.8	f	5.7		0.3	-2.5		1,670		..		..
150	140	Bhutan	1.3		9.2		..		0.32		5.41		46.8		6.3		5.7	4.9		27		..		..
151	141	Swaziland	3.7		2.6		5.0		2.95		0.30		15.1		13.4		3.4	-1.0		868		38.2		3.7
152	Low human development
153	142	Congo	23.5		14.5		..		0.12		0.85		38.3		5.6		3.8	2.6		85		..		..
154	143	Solomon Islands	35.1		61.4		34.3		0.43		0.65		49.2		1.0		1.3	0.0		21		..		..
155	144	Sao Tome and Principe	12.3		24.2		12.2		0.99		0.27		20.7		21.9		3.2	-8.2		8		40.7		14.6
156	145	Kenya	0.6		5.1		0.8		5.52		0.19		12.7		1.1		2.0	-1.0		1,469		16.5		7.6
157	146	Bangladesh	0.7		1.3		0.8		10.81		0.01		7.7		3.3		0.7	-4.0		267		..		..
158	146	Pakistan	1.1		1.6		0.6		5.48		0.01		6.9		2.5		2.3	-2.4		855		24.8		13.1
159	148	Angola	-3.9		0.3		-5.9		0.10	i	0.87		28.5		2.8		0.3	0.9		425		..		..
160	149	Myanmar	..		..		..		..		..		..		1.0		0.2	-2.1		311		2.9		0.2
161	150	Cameroon	0.0		2.4		0.5		0.87		0.24		12.6		1.4		1.0	-0.2		298		23.2		5.4
162	151	Madagascar	9.9		5.4		..		..		..		12.9		0.4		0.2	-0.1		196		5.5		2.1
163	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	1.9		13.0		4.6		0.11		0.55		15.7		0.7		1.5	-1.4		783		3.8		3.2
164	153	Nigeria	3.1		1.2		4.9		5.10		0.02		14.9		0.6		0.7	-0.4		1,414		18.7		11.8
165	154	Senegal	1.8		7.3		3.1		10.47		1.12		13.6		5.0		1.6	-2.3		875		86.5		26.9
166	155	Mauritania	0.4		10.6		..		..		..		11.9		3.5		2.9	0.6		..		39.9		15.8
167	156	Papua New Guinea	0.3		5.5		-0.8		0.16		3.41		32.9		0.9		0.4	0.0		114	i	..		..
168	157	Nepal	0.5		5.1		0.5		21.66		0.20		19.2		3.3		3.2	-0.7		603		12.9		..
169	158	Lesotho	5.4		9.5		5.5		34.23		0.88		..		20.5		0.3	-1.9		414		..		..
170	159	Togo	1.3		13.3		-0.6		10.49		2.27		21.5		5.4		2.7	-0.2		150		34.9		10.2
171	160	Yemen	0.2		2.3		-1.8		3.99		1.09		13.2		4.7		2.1	-1.2		536		76.6		4.6
172	161	Haiti	2.3		45.5		2.3		22.59		2.03		16.3		9.9		0.3	-5.0		423		..		..
173	161	Uganda	4.7		10.2		6.3		5.32		3.50		15.6		2.2		1.9	-0.9		946		..		4.9
174	163	Zambia	10.3		6.4		4.6		0.27		0.42		12.1		1.4		1.8	-1.4		815		..		..
175	164	Djibouti	9.2		14.9	e	9.2		3.09	e	..		..		1.5		13.0	0.0		53		41.1		209.2
176	165	Gambia	3.2		11.9		3.2		11.02		5.53		20.1		3.7		16.6	-1.7		91	i	..		..
177	166	Benin	1.7		10.5		1.1		3.78		1.34		12.2		5.8		2.5	1.2		199	i	40.8		23.9
178	167	Rwanda	0.8		18.5		1.1		1.63		1.27		16.5		2.6		4.5	0.3		666		9.2		3.0
179	168	Côte d'Ivoire	1.8		3.9		1.4		0.78		3.29		17.9		5.4		11.2	-3.8		..		..		..
180	169	Comoros	1.7		12.5		..		..		..		25.4		5.6		2.0	-2.9		15		..		..
181	170	Malawi	2.8		20.8		1.4		..		..		3.5		1.4		1.8	-0.3		746		..		0.9
182	171	Sudan	3.1		3.4		3.1		2.95		0.00		0.3		2.2		1.7	0.7		420		10.4		16.0
183	172	Zimbabwe	1.4		10.1		..		..		..		..		9.9		2.9	-14.3		2,239		16.0		21.8
184	173	Ethiopia	1.0		11.9		2.0		0.76		0.09		..		0.7		0.6	-0.8		330		5.7		0.4
185	174	Liberia	45.8		175.5		45.8		2.71		0.10		..		10.5		2.3	16.7		..		24.5		28.0
186	175	Afghanistan	0.4		42.4		..		..		..		25.9		8.1		0.3	-2.6		..		4.9		2.5
187	176	Guinea-Bissau	1.1		16.7		1.4		5.76		2.03		22.6		6.8		1.2	-1.4		30		..		..
188	177	Sierra Leone	4.5		24.4		36.9		3.01		0.31		19.6		4.6		1.8	2.2		39		..		..
189	178	Burundi	0.0		31.0		0.1		1.39		0.06		12.6		4.2		0.7	9.5		201		..		..
190	178	Guinea	2.1		5.1		22.7		1.28		0.92		..		5.2		3.8	-6.3		30	h	..		..
191	180	Central African Republic	3.6		13.2		..		..		..		7.1		2.9		1.8	0.2		52		5.5		6.6
192	181	Eritrea	2.6		7.7		..		..		..		4.4		18.0		0.3	2.3		84		22.9		1.7
193	182	Mali	1.6		12.1		-0.6		4.63		1.77		13.0		7.6		1.2	-1.4		169		8.8		14.1
194	183	Burkina Faso	0.4		12.0		0.4		1.08		1.13		9.4		9.7		6.4	-1.6		274		..		..
195	184	Chad	9.1		6.2		..		..		..		10.0		2.1		3.4	-1.4		31		..		..
196	185	Mozambique	8.6		21.4		16.1		1.43		0.87		19.3		5.0		1.9	-0.2		2,224		5.9		2.6
197	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	22.4		29.0		..		..		..		8.1		1.3		0.7	-0.1		53		3.9		3.1
198	186	Niger	17.5		13.8		13.4		1.63		0.41		11.2		2.4		1.3	-0.4		66		..		..
199	Other countries or territories
200		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	..		..		..		..		..		..		1.3		0.2	0.0		..		..		..
201		Marshall Islands	5.3		45.9		..		..		..		..		16.6		2.7	..		5		..		..
202		Monaco	..		..		..		..		..		..		56.3		71.6	..		279		..		..
203		Nauru	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..		..		..		..
204		San Marino	..		..		..		..		..		1.2		9.9		37.0	..		120		..		..
205		Somalia	..		..		..		..		..		20.7		8.7		0.2	-6.8		..		..		..
206		South Sudan	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..		..		..		..
207		Tuvalu	4.8		26.2		..		..		..		..		..		..	..		2		..		..
208	Human Development Index groups
209		Very high human development	2.7		..		0.9		0.31		0.50		7.8		3.6		11.3	4.0		534,968		..		189.8
210		High human development	2.7		0.2		2.2		0.99		1.25		23.2		6.7		4.5	-0.3		199,071		62.5		24.9
211		Medium human development	2.8		0.2		2.8		1.81		0.13		33.8		1.6		0.7	-0.6		163,618		..		..
212		Low human development	2.3		5.5		1.9		4.91		0.46		13.6		2.8		1.6	-1.5		19,020		..		..
213	Regions
214		Arab States	2.4		..		0.5		2.29		3.76		43.7		5.4		8.0	3.3		76,540		..		..
215		East Asia and the Pacific	3.1		0.1		..		..		..		40.3		1.1		0.3	-0.5		116,484		..		..
216		Europe and Central Asia	3.4		..		1.8		1.22		0.81		19.4		10.3		6.5	-0.1		149,901		90.3		49.2
217		Latin America and the Caribbean	2.7		0.2		3.7		1.15		0.12		13.1		5.3		1.1	-1.8		66,379		101.7		23.9
218		South Asia	1.3		0.7		2.6		3.60		0.23		14.0		1.6		0.8	-1.1		11,008		19.5		..
219		Sub-Saharan Africa	2.7		3.8		2.8		1.99		0.52		15.0		2.5		2.1	-0.5		30,141		..		..
220
221		Least developed countries	2.4		8.3		1.5		5.09		..		14.8		3.3		1.4	-1.4		16,915		..		..
222		SIDS	2.7		3.4		5.0		6.13		1.05		16.7		12.5		1.8	-3.5		15,782		..		..
223		World	2.7		0.0		1.4		0.76		0.53		14.7		2.9		3.1	0.0		917,082		..		..
224
225		NOTES
226		a. Negative values refer to net official development assistance disbursed by donor countries.
227
228		b. Some values may exceed 100% (see Definitions).
229		c. Data refer to 2011 or the most recent year available for the periods 2007-2010.
230		d. Data are average annual estimates for 2005-2010.
231		e. Refers to 2009.
232		f. Refers to 2007.
233		g. Refers to 2006.
234		h. Refers to 2008.
235		i. Refers to 2008.
236
237		DEFINITIONS
238		Foreign direct investment, net inflows: Sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital and short-term capital, expressed as a percentage of GDP.
239		Net official development assistance received: Disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in part I of the Development Assistance Committee list of aid recipients, expressed as a percentage of the recipient country’s GNI.
240		Private capital flows: Net foreign direct investment and portfolio investment, expressed as a percentage of GDP.
241		Remittances, inflows: Earnings and material resources transferred by international migrants or refugees to recipients in their country of origin or countries in which the migrant formerly resided.null
242		Remittances, outflows: Current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. Remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers resident in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status, to recipients in their country of origin. Migrants' transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. Data are expressed as a share of GDP.
243		Total reserves minus gold: Sum of special drawing rights, reserves of International Monetary Fund (IMF) members held by the IMF and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities, excluding gold holdings, expressed as a percentage of GDP.
244		Stock of emigrants: Ratio of the stock of emigrants from a country to the population (not to the sum of population and emigrants), expressed as a percentage of the country's population. The definition of emigrant varies across countries but generally refers to residents that left the country with the intention to remain abroad for more than a year.
245		Stock of immigrants: Ratio of the stock of immigrants into a country, expressed as a percentage of the country's population. The definition of immigrant varies across countries but generally includes the stock of foreign-born people or the stock of foreign people (according to citizenship) or the combination of the two.
246		Net migration rate: Ratio of the difference between the number of in-migrants and out-migrants from a country during a specified period to the average population during the period, expressed per 1,000 people.
247		International inbound tourism: Arrivals of nonresident visitors (overnight visitors, tourists, same-day visitors, excursionists) at national borders.
248		International telephone traffic, incoming: Effective (completed) telephone calls (fixed and mobile) originating outside a given country with a destination inside the country, expressed in minutes of traffic per person.
249		International telephone traffic, outgoing: Effective (completed) telephone calls (fixed and mobile) originating in a given country with a destination outside the country, expressed in minutes of traffic per person.
250
251		MAIN DATA SOURCES
252		Columns 1, 3-6: World Bank (2012a).
253		Column 2: World Bank (2012a) and OECD-DAC (2012)
254		Column 7: HDRO calculation based on data from World Bank (2011) and UNDESA (2011).
255		Column 8: HDRO calculation based on data World Bank (2011) and population data World Bank (2012a).
256		Column 9: UNDESA (2011).
257		Column 10: UN WTO (2012).
258		Columns 11 and 12: HDRO calculations based on incoming and outgoing total telephone traffic data from ITU (2012).


1	Table 12: Innovation and technology
2			RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT						INNOVATION				TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION
3			Expenditure		Researchers		Graduates in science and engineering	a	Patents granted to residents and nonresidents		Royalty and licence fees receipts		Electrification rate		Personal computers		Internet users	Fixed broadband Internet subscriptions	Fixed and mobile telephone subscribers
4			(% of GDP)		(per million people)		(% of total)		(per million people)		($ per capita)		(% of population)		(per 100 people)		(per 100 people)	(per 100 people)	(per 100 people)
5	HDI rank		2005-2010	b	2002-2010	b	2002-2011	b	2005-2010	b	2005-2011	b	2009		2002-2009	b	2010	2010	2010

6	VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
7	1	Norway	1.8		5,503.7		15.3		334.0		101.9		99.7	c	62.9		93.3	35.3	149.3
8	2	Australia	2.3		4,258.5		18.1		653.7		32.7		99.7	c	60.3		75.9	24.2	139.7
9	3	United States	2.8		4,673.2		15.5		707.6		387.1		99.7	c	80.6		74.2	27.6	139.0
10	4	Netherlands	1.8		2,817.6		14.0		117.6		320.8		99.7	c	91.2		90.7	38.1	158.9
11	5	Germany	2.8		3,780.1		28.6		166.2		174.9		99.7	c	65.6		82.5	31.7	183.7
12	6	New Zealand	1.2		4,323.7		20.5		995.2		53.5		99.7	c	52.6		83.0	24.9	157.7
13	7	Ireland	1.8		3,372.5		21.6		54.4		574.2		99.7	c	58.2		69.8	21.1	151.5
14	7	Sweden	3.6		5,017.6		25.0		147.1		619.4		99.7	c	88.1		90.0	31.8	168.6
15	9	Switzerland	3.0		3,319.8		21.6		96.7		..		99.7	c	96.2		82.2	37.9	177.7
16	10	Japan	3.4		5,189.3		20.6		1,759.9		226.8		99.7	c	40.7		77.6	26.9	126.4
17	11	Canada	2.0		4,334.7		21.1		562.1		114.4		99.7	c	94.5		81.3	29.8	120.3
18	12	Korea (Republic of)	3.4		4,946.9		31.5		1,428.8		86.8		99.7	c	57.6		82.5	35.7	162.3
19	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	0.8		2,759.5		34.7		758.9		56.6		99.7	c	69.3		71.8	29.9	256.9
20	13	Iceland	2.6		7,428.1		14.5		434.2		0.1		99.7	c	52.7		95.6	34.1	168.1
21	15	Denmark	3.0		6,390.3		19.6		27.9		..		99.7	c	54.9		88.8	37.7	172.2
22	16	Israel	4.3		..		..		502.0		137.3		99.7		24.2		65.4	25.1	172.5
23	17	Belgium	2.0		3,490.7		16.3		49.7		232.1		99.7	c	37.7		73.7	31.5	154.1
24	18	Austria	2.7		4,122.1		28.8		134.6		92.6		99.7	c	60.7		72.7	23.9	184.6
25	18	Singapore	2.7		5,834.0		..		873.3		367.7		100.0		74.3		71.1	24.9	184.8
26	20	France	2.2		3,689.8		26.2		157.7		240.0		99.7	c	63.1		77.5	34.0	151.8
27	21	Finland	3.8		7,647.4		29.4		172.1		556.5		99.7	c	50.0		86.9	28.6	179.7
28	21	Slovenia	1.9		3,678.8		18.2		123.2		42.7		99.7	c	42.5		69.3	24.2	148.0
29	23	Spain	1.4		2,931.8		25.3		60.2		23.0		99.7	c	39.3		65.8	22.9	155.9
30	24	Liechtenstein	..		..		19.8		..		..		99.7	c	..		80.0	63.8	152.9
31	25	Italy	1.3		1,690.0		20.5		303.4		59.8		99.7	c	36.7		53.7	21.9	185.3
32	26	Luxembourg	1.7		4,824.8		32.5		171.4		890.0		99.7	c	67.3		90.1	33.2	197.1
33	26	United Kingdom	1.8		3,794.2		21.7		90.2		226.3		99.7	c	80.2		84.7	31.6	184.0
34	28	Czech Republic	1.5		2,754.8		23.8		86.8		10.2		99.7	c	27.4		68.6	14.5	159.7
35	29	Greece	0.6		1,849.5		24.9		42.2		6.1		99.7	c	9.4		44.6	19.9	154.6
36	30	Brunei Darussalam	..		286.3		21.9		107.2		..		99.7	c	9.1		50.0	5.4	129.1
37	31	Cyprus	0.5		752.0		13.7		17.2		2.1		99.7	c	30.9		53.0	17.6	131.2
38	32	Malta	0.6		1,168.1		15.0		9.6		81.0		..		..		63.1	28.0	169.2
39	33	Andorra	..		..		..		..		..		99.7	c	..		81.0	28.9	122.2
40	33	Estonia	1.4		3,210.3		19.4		89.5		16.9		99.7	c	25.5		74.2	25.1	159.3
41	35	Slovakia	0.5		2,437.7		20.6		68.8		0.7		99.7	c	58.1		79.9	12.7	129.4
42	36	Qatar	..		..		24.0		..		..		98.7		16.0		81.6	8.2	149.4
43	37	Hungary	1.1		2,005.9		15.1		6.5		102.8		99.7	c	25.6		65.2	19.6	149.9
44	38	Barbados	..		..		8.7		..		12.6		99.7	c	14.8		70.0	20.6	177.9
45	39	Poland	0.7		1,597.5		15.7		78.5		7.1		99.7	c	16.9		62.5	13.0	143.0
46	40	Chile	0.4		354.8		20.4		59.6		3.7		98.5		14.1		45.0	10.5	136.2
47	41	Lithuania	0.8		2,541.1		21.0		25.3		0.2		99.7	c	24.2		62.8	20.6	171.1
48	41	United Arab Emirates	..		..		27.3		..		..		100.0		30.0		78.0	10.5	165.1
49	43	Portugal	1.7		4,307.8		33.8		13.1		5.7		99.7	c	18.2		51.3	19.2	185.0
50	44	Latvia	0.5		1,601.2		14.3		81.7		4.5		99.7	c	32.7		71.5	19.3	126.8
51	45	Argentina	0.5		1,045.5		14.3		30.6		4.7		97.2		9.0		36.0	9.6	166.5
52	46	Seychelles	0.3		155.7		..		..		21.6		99.7	c	21.2		40.8	7.3	160.5
53	47	Croatia	0.8		1,571.3		24.4		18.6		5.3		99.7	c	18.0		60.1	18.3	186.2
54	HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
55	48	Bahrain	..		..		..		..		..		99.4		55.0		55.0	5.4	142.2
56	49	Bahamas	..		..		..		..		..		..		12.5		43.0	7.2	162.6
57	50	Belarus	0.6		..		26.6		127.4		2.1		..		..		32.1	17.4	152.5
58	51	Uruguay	0.7		346.1		13.6		8.6		0.1		98.3		13.6		47.9	10.9	160.8
59	52	Montenegro	1.1		..		..		418.1		..		..		..		52.0	8.3	211.9
60	52	Palau	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	1.2	105.0
61	54	Kuwait	0.1		151.9		..		..		..		100.0		26.5		38.3	1.7	181.5
62	55	Russian Federation	1.3		3,091.4		28.1		212.1		6.1		..		13.3		43.4	11.0	199.4
63	56	Romania	0.5		894.8		21.7		20.8		13.7		..		19.2		40.0	13.9	135.9
64	57	Bulgaria	0.5		1,586.7		18.8		33.5		2.5		..		11.0		46.0	14.5	164.9
65	57	Saudi Arabia	0.1		..		35.8		7.1		..		99.0		65.7		41.0	5.5	203.0
66	59	Cuba	0.5		..		3.3		12.4		..		97.0		5.6		15.9	0.0	19.2
67	59	Panama	0.2		111.3		19.2		107.5		..		88.1		6.3		42.7	7.8	200.4
68	61	Mexico	0.4		347.3		25.6		82.9		..		..		13.9		31.1	10.0	98.1
69	62	Costa Rica	0.4		257.4		11.9		9.7		0.9		99.3		23.2		36.5	6.2	96.9
70	63	Grenada	..		..		..		..		0.7		..		15.6		33.6	13.8	144.5
71	64	Libya	..		..		..		..		..		99.8		2.3		14.0	1.1	190.8
72	64	Malaysia	0.6		364.6		37.7		76.7		9.5		99.4		22.7		56.3	7.3	135.3
73	64	Serbia	0.9		1,060.1		23.7		43.3		7.8		..		17.6		43.1	11.2	178.7
74	67	Antigua and Barbuda	..		..		..		104.7		..		..		20.6		80.6	8.0	232.2
75	67	Trinidad and Tobago	0.0		..		30.4		67.6		..		99.0		13.2		48.5	10.8	163.1
76	69	Kazakhstan	0.2		..		..		10.9		0.0		..		..		33.4	8.9	143.7
77	70	Albania	0.2		146.8		6.1		108.9		4.1		..		4.6		45.0	3.3	152.3
78	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	..		182.6		..		..		..		99.0		9.3		35.9	5.4	121.3
79	72	Dominica	..		..		..		..		0.2		..		18.8		47.3	13.9	178.0
80	72	Georgia	0.2		..		8.2		59.3		1.0		..		5.4		26.3	5.8	114.2
81	72	Lebanon	..		..		25.0		..		1.7		99.9		10.3		31.0	4.7	89.0
82	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	..		..		..		..		..		..		22.7		76.6	27.9	191.9
83	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	0.8		750.7		44.4		63.9		..		98.4		10.5		13.0	0.7	127.5
84	77	Peru	..		..		..		12.6		0.1		85.7		10.2		34.3	3.1	111.0
85	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	0.2		471.6		21.4		163.7		4.7		..		36.6		51.9	12.5	124.6
86	78	Ukraine	0.9		1,353.1		26.3		85.2		2.3		..		4.5		44.6	6.5	145.8
87	80	Mauritius	0.4		..		..		6.2		1.7		99.4		17.6		28.7	6.1	123.2
88	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.0		197.2		..		46.0		3.4		..		6.4		52.0	8.2	109.3
89	82	Azerbaijan	0.3		..		16.6		22.9		0.0		..		8.0		46.7	5.0	117.1
90	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	..		..		..		..		..		..		15.2		..	11.4	140.8
91	84	Oman	..		..		38.9		..		..		98.0		18.0		62.0	1.6	175.6
92	85	Brazil	1.1		695.7		12.2		16.7		3.0		98.3		16.1		40.7	6.8	125.7
93	85	Jamaica	..		..		..		15.9		1.8		92.0		6.8		26.5	4.3	127.5
94	87	Armenia	0.3		..		15.9		40.1		..		..		9.7		44.0	2.8	144.2
95	88	Saint Lucia	..		..		..		203.6		..		..		16.0		40.1	11.6	135.9
96	89	Ecuador	0.3		106.1		12.8		1.9		..		92.2		12.5		29.0	1.4	116.6
97	90	Turkey	0.8		803.9		20.9		9.0		..		..		6.4		39.8	9.7	107.2
98	91	Colombia	0.2		157.2		23.2		13.8		1.3		93.6		11.2		36.5	5.6	111.6
99	92	Sri Lanka	0.1		96.3		..		24.2		..		76.6		3.7		12.0	1.1	100.4
100	93	Algeria	0.1		170.1		28.0		6.3		0.1		99.3		1.1		12.5	2.5	100.7
101	94	Tunisia	1.1		1,862.5		..		..		2.4		99.5		9.7		36.6	4.6	117.6
102	MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
103	95	Tonga	..		..		..		..		..		..		5.9		12.0	1.0	82.0
104	96	Belize	..		..		..		24.4		7.0		..		14.4		12.6	2.9	65.1
105	96	Dominican Republic	..		..		..		..		..		95.9		2.2		39.5	3.6	99.8
106	96	Fiji	..		..		..		..		0.6		..		6.1		14.8	2.7	96.3
107	96	Samoa	..		..		..		60.7		..		..		2.3		7.0	0.1	110.2
108	100	Jordan	0.4		..		25.1		10.3		..		99.9		7.6		38.9	3.2	117.5
109	101	China	1.5		1,198.9		..		100.7		0.6		99.4		5.7		34.4	9.4	86.2
110	102	Turkmenistan	..		..		..		..		..		..		7.3		2.2	0.0	73.7
111	103	Thailand	0.2		315.5		..		11.2		2.2		99.3		6.6		21.2	4.6	113.6
112	104	Maldives	..		..		..		..		26.5		..		20.0		28.3	4.8	171.6
113	105	Suriname	..		..		..		..		1.3		..		4.0		31.6	3.0	185.7
114	106	Gabon	0.6		..		..		..		..		36.7		3.4		7.2	0.3	109.0
115	107	El Salvador	0.1		..		26.4		..		0.0		86.4		5.8		15.9	2.8	140.5
116	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	..		120.3		..		..		0.7		77.5		2.4		20.0	1.0	80.8
117	108	Mongolia	0.2		..		17.1		34.8		0.8		67.0		25.8		12.9	2.6	98.1
118	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	..		144.3		16.5		..		1.4		..		5.5		36.4	..	..
119	111	Paraguay	0.1		74.8		..		..		45.2		96.7		7.8		19.8	0.4	97.3
120	112	Egypt	0.2		420.4		..		4.0		1.6		99.6		4.1		26.7	1.8	99.0
121	113	Moldova (Republic of)	0.5		794.1		..		36.9		1.5		..		11.8		40.1	7.5	121.5
122	114	Philippines	0.1		78.5		23.8		3.8		0.1		89.7		7.2		25.0	1.8	92.9
123	114	Uzbekistan	..		..		21.1		7.0		..		..		3.1		19.4	0.3	80.8
124	116	Syrian Arab Republic	..		..		..		2.4		0.1		92.7		9.4		20.7	0.3	77.6
125	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	..		..		..		..		..		..		5.5		20.0	0.9	32.4
126	118	Guyana	..		..		14.4		..		62.2		..		3.6		29.9	1.5	93.4
127	119	Botswana	0.5		..		13.0		..		0.1		45.4		6.1		6.0	0.6	124.6
128	120	Honduras	..		..		6.8		..		..		70.3		2.5		11.1	1.0	133.9
129	121	Indonesia	0.1		89.6		22.8		..		0.3		64.5		2.0		9.9	0.8	107.5
130	121	Kiribati	..		..		..		..		..		..		1.1		9.0	0.9	14.1
131	121	South Africa	0.9		395.6		..		106.3		1.3		75.0		8.4		12.3	1.5	109.2
132	124	Vanuatu	..		..		..		..		0.7		..		1.4		8.0	0.2	121.0
133	125	Kyrgyzstan	0.2		..		15.2		20.4		0.3		..		1.9		19.6	0.3	105.8
134	125	Tajikistan	0.1		..		26.0		0.4		0.1		..		1.3		11.5	0.1	91.7
135	127	Viet Nam	..		115.9		..		9.4		..		97.6		9.7		27.9	4.1	196.0
136	128	Namibia	..		..		2.6		..		0.0		34.0		23.2		6.5	0.4	73.9
137	129	Nicaragua	..		..		..		..		..		72.1		4.1		10.0	0.8	69.6
138	130	Morocco	0.6		661.0		34.9		25.3		0.2		97.0		5.7		49.0	1.6	111.8
139	131	Iraq	..		49.5		29.4		..		43.5		86.0		0.8		2.5	0.0	79.9
140	132	Cape Verde	..		132.5		..		..		0.0		..		14.3		30.0	3.2	89.5
141	133	Guatemala	0.1		39.4		16.8		7.2		1.0		80.5		2.1		10.5	1.8	136.0
142	134	Timor-Leste	..		..		..		..		..		22.0		..		0.2	0.0	53.7
143	135	Ghana	0.2		17.3		16.7		..		..		60.5		1.1		9.5	0.2	72.6
144	136	Equatorial Guinea	..		..		..		..		..		..		1.5		6.0	0.2	59.0
145	136	India	0.8		135.8		..		5.1		0.1		75.0		3.2		7.5	0.9	64.3
146	138	Cambodia	..		17.4		12.5		..		0.0		24.0		0.4		1.3	0.3	60.2
147	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	..		15.8		12.8		..		..		55.0		1.7		7.0	0.2	66.2
148	140	Bhutan	..		..		..		..		..		..		1.9		13.6	1.2	57.9
149	141	Swaziland	..		..		2.7		..		0.2		..		4.1		9.0	0.1	73.6
150	LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
151	142	Congo	..		..		..		..		..		37.1		0.5		5.0	0.0	94.2
152	143	Solomon Islands	..		..		..		..		0.0		..		4.7		5.0	0.4	7.1
153	144	Sao Tome and Principe	..		..		..		..		..		..		3.9		18.8	0.4	66.8
154	145	Kenya	0.4		56.2		..		0.5		1.3		16.1		1.4		25.9	0.0	62.6
155	146	Bangladesh	..		..		10.6		0.6		0.0		41.0		2.5		3.7	0.0	46.8
156	146	Pakistan	0.5		161.9		..		1.0		0.0		62.4		0.5		16.8	0.3	59.1
157	148	Angola	..		..		11.9		..		0.7		26.2		0.7		10.0	0.1	48.3
158	149	Myanmar	..		18.4		..		..		..		13.0		1.0		..	0.0	2.5
159	150	Cameroon	..		..		21.0		..		0.0		48.7		1.1		4.0	0.0	46.8
160	151	Madagascar	0.1		46.2		18.2		2.7		0.1		19.0		0.6		1.7	0.0	37.9
161	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	0.4		..		21.1		..		0.0		13.9		0.9		11.0	0.0	47.2
162	153	Nigeria	0.2		38.6		..		..		..		50.6		0.9		28.4	0.1	55.8
163	154	Senegal	0.4		384.1		..		..		0.1		42.0		2.3		16.0	0.6	69.9
164	155	Mauritania	..		..		..		..		..		..		4.4		3.0	0.2	81.4
165	156	Papua New Guinea	..		..		..		0.2		..		..		6.4		1.3	0.1	29.6
166	157	Nepal	..		58.7		23.2		0.0		..		43.6		0.5		7.9	0.2	33.5
167	158	Lesotho	0.0		21.3		..		..		..		16.0		0.2		3.9	0.0	47.3
168	159	Togo	..		38.2		..		..		0.0		20.0		3.4		5.4	0.1	44.2
169	160	Yemen	..		..		..		..		1.4		39.6		2.8		12.3	0.3	50.4
170	161	Haiti	..		..		..		..		..		38.5		5.2		8.4	..	40.5
171	161	Uganda	0.4		..		9.5		..		0.8		9.0		1.7		12.5	0.2	39.4
172	163	Zambia	0.3		43.3		..		..		..		18.8		1.1		10.1	0.1	42.8
173	164	Djibouti	..		..		46.5		..		..		..		4.2		6.5	0.9	20.7
174	165	Gambia	0.0		..		..		4.4		..		..		3.6		9.2	0.0	88.3
175	166	Benin	..		..		..		..		0.0		24.8		0.7		3.1	0.0	81.5
176	167	Rwanda	..		11.9		..		2.1		0.0		..		0.3		13.0	0.0	33.8
177	168	Côte d'Ivoire	..		70.4		..		..		0.0		47.3		1.8		2.6	0.0	77.6
178	169	Comoros	..		..		12.0		..		..		..		0.8		5.1	0.0	25.3
179	170	Malawi	..		29.9		..		..		..		9.0		0.2		2.3	0.0	21.5
180	171	Sudan	0.3		..		..		4.4		0.1		35.9		10.8		..	0.4	41.4
181	172	Zimbabwe	..		..		24.8		..		..		41.5		7.6		11.5	0.3	64.3
182	173	Ethiopia	0.2		20.8		20.9		0.2		0.0		17.0		0.7		0.7	0.0	9.4
183	174	Liberia	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		7.0	0.0	39.5
184	175	Afghanistan	..		..		..		..		..		15.5		0.3		3.7	0.0	38.2
185	176	Guinea-Bissau	..		..		..		..		..		..		0.2		2.5	..	39.5
186	177	Sierra Leone	..		..		..		..		0.2		..		..		..	..	34.3
187	178	Burundi	..		..		9.6		..		0.0		..		0.9		2.1	0.0	14.1
188	178	Guinea	..		..		..		..		0.0		..		0.5		1.0	0.0	40.3
189	180	Central African Republic	..		..		..		..		..		..		0.3		2.3	..	22.4
190	181	Eritrea	..		..		7.9		..		..		32.0		1.0		5.4	0.0	4.6
191	182	Mali	0.2		37.7		..		..		0.0		..		0.7		2.7	0.0	49.2
192	183	Burkina Faso	0.2		45.1		23.3		..		0.0		14.6		0.6		1.4	0.1	35.5
193	184	Chad	..		..		..		..		..		..		0.2		1.7	0.0	24.3
194	185	Mozambique	0.2		15.8		12.1		1.8		0.0		11.7		1.4		4.2	0.1	31.3
195	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	0.5		..		..		..		..		11.1		0.0		0.7	0.0	18.0
196	186	Niger	..		7.8		..		..		0.0		..		0.1		0.8	0.0	25.1
197	OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
198		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	..		..		..		258.4		..		26.0		..		..	..	6.6
199		Marshall Islands	..		..		..		..		..		..		9.6		..	..	15.2
200		Monaco	0.0		308.1		..		141.2		..		..		..		..	..	..
201		Nauru	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	3.9	..
202		San Marino	..		..		..		..		..		..		78.9		..	32.0	144.9
203		Somalia	..		..		..		..		..		..		0.9		..	..	8.0
204		South Sudan	..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..	..	..
205		Tuvalu	..		..		..		..		..		..		8.7		25.0	3.3	41.9
206
207		HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX GROUP
208		Very high human development	2.5		3,854.0		20.3		566.2		210.9		99.6		58.3		72.8	26.5	153.2
209		High human development	0.8		..		..		63.4		..		..		13.6		35.8	7.1	133.5
210		Medium human development	..		..		..		..		..		..		4.6		20.8	4.4	84.5
211		Low human development	..		..		..		..		..		..		1.5		10.7	0.1	42.7
212
213		REGIONS
214		Arab States	..		..		..		..		..		86.7		10.8		27.2	2.0	99.6
215		East Asia and the Pacific	..		..		..		..		..		..		5.6		29.8	7.2	92.2
216		Europe and Central Asia	1.0		1,948.2		23.9		93.8		8.2		..		12.3		43.4	10.0	150.0
217		Latin America and the Caribbean	..		..		..		..		..		93.4		12.2		34.1	6.6	116.7
218		South Asia	..		..		..		7.0		..		70.1		3.0		8.4	0.7	64.4
219		Sub-Saharan Africa	..		..		..		..		..		..		1.6		11.3	0.2	47.1
220
221		Least developed countries	..		..		..		..		..		..		1.7		4.8	0.1	34.5
222		SIDS	..		..		..		..		..		..		5.6		18.7	2.2	62.7
223
224		World	..		..		..		..		..		..		14.1		30.0	7.7	95.2
225
226		NOTES
227		a. Includes graduates in manufacturing and construction.
228		b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
229		c. In the absence of data on electrification rate, 99.7% is assumed.
230
231		DEFINITIONS
232		Research and development expenditure: Current and capital expenditures (both public and private) on creative work undertaken systematically to increase knowledge and the use of knowledge for new applications. It covers basic research, applied research and experimental development.
233		Researchers in research and development: Professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods or systems and in the management of the projects concerned. Postgraduate doctoral students (ISCED97 level 6) engaged in research and development are included.
234		Graduates in science and engineering: People who have successfully completed the final year of a level or sublevel of education in science and engineering.
235		Patents granted to residents and nonresidents: Number of exclusive rights granted for an invention, which is a product or a process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem, expressed per 1 million people.
236		Royalty and licence fee receipts: Payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of intangible, nonproduced, nonfinancial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals of prototypes (such as films and manuscripts).
237		Electricfication rate: Number of people with access to electricity, expressed as a percentage of total population. It includes electricity sold commercially (both on-grid and off-grid) and self-generated electricity but not unauthorized connections.
238		Personal computers: Number of self-contained computers designed for use by a single individual, expressed per 100 people.
239		Internet users: People with access to the world wide network expressed per 100 people.
240		Fixed broadband Internet subscriptions: Broadband high-speed access to the public Internet (a TCP/IP connection), at speeds equal to or greater than 256 kilobits per second, in one or both directions, expressed per 100 people
241
242
243
244
245
246		MAIN DATA SOURCES
247		Columns 1 and 2: World Bank (2012a).
248		Column 3:UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012).
249		Column 4: HDRO calculation based on data from WIPO (2012) and population data from UNDESA (2011).
250		Column 5: HDRO calculations based on royalty and licence fee receipts data from World Bank (2012b).
251		Column 6: IEA (2012).
252		Column 7: World Bank (2012c).
253		Columns 8 and 9: ITU (2012).
254		Column 10: HDRO calculations based on data on cellular subscribers and telephone lines from ITU (2012) and population data from UNDESA (2011).
255		Columns 11 and 12: HDRO calculations based on incoming and outgoing telephone traffic data from ITU (2012).


1	Table 14: Population trends
2			Population
3			Total			a	Annual growth				Urban				Median age				Total dependency ratio				Total fertility rate				Sex ratio at birth			b
4			(millions)				(%)				(% of total)				(years)				(per 100 people ages 15-64)				(births per woman)				(male to female births)
5	HDI rank		2012		2030		2000/2005		2010/2015	a ,c	2000		2012		2000		2010		2000		2012		2000		2012	a,c	2000	d	2012	c

6	VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
7	1	Norway	5.0	e	5.6	e	0.6	e	0.7	e	76.1		79.7		36.9		38.7		54.2		51.5		1.8		2.0		1.05		1.06
8	2	Australia	22.9	f	27.8	f	1.3	f	1.3	f	87.2		89.4		35.4		36.9		49.6		49.3		1.7		2.0		1.06		1.06
9	3	United States	315.8		361.7		1.0		0.9		79.1		82.6		35.3		36.9		51.0		50.7		2.0		2.1		1.05		1.05
10	4	Netherlands	16.7		17.3		0.6		0.3		76.8		83.6		37.3		40.7		47.3		50.6		1.7		1.8		1.06		1.06
11	5	Germany	82.0		79.5		0.0		-0.2		73.1		74.1		39.9		44.3		47.0		51.7		1.3		1.4		1.06		1.06
12	6	New Zealand	4.5		5.2		1.4		1.0		85.7		86.3		34.3		36.6		52.7		51.4		1.9		2.1		1.05		1.06
13	7	Ireland	4.6		5.4		1.8		1.1		59.1		62.5		32.5		34.7		49.2		50.8		1.9		2.1		1.07		1.07
14	7	Sweden	9.5		10.4		0.4		0.6		84.0		85.4		39.4		40.7		55.3		55.5		1.6		1.9		1.06		1.06
15	9	Switzerland	7.7		8.1		0.7		0.4		73.3		73.8		38.6		41.4		48.7		47.9		1.4		1.5		1.05		1.05
16	10	Japan	126.4		120.2		0.1		-0.1		78.6		91.9		41.3		44.7		46.6		59.6		1.3		1.4		1.06		1.06
17	11	Canada	34.7		39.8		1.0		0.9		79.5		80.8		36.8		39.9		46.3		45.1		1.5		1.7		1.05		1.06
18	12	Korea (Republic of)	48.6		50.3		0.5		0.4		79.6		83.5		32.1		37.9		39.5		38.0		1.3		1.4		1.10		1.10
19	13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	7.2		8.5		0.1		1.0		100.0		100.0		36.5		41.8		39.3		32.3		0.8		1.1		1.07		1.07
20	13	Iceland	0.3		0.4		1.1		1.2		92.4		93.8		32.8		34.8		53.5		49.6		2.0		2.1		1.04		1.05
21	15	Denmark	5.6		5.9		0.3		0.3		85.1		87.1		38.4		40.6		50.0		54.1		1.8		1.9		1.06		1.06
22	16	Israel	7.7		9.8		1.9		1.7		91.2		91.9		28.0		30.1		61.6		61.6		2.9		2.9		1.05		1.05
23	17	Belgium	10.8		11.2		0.5		0.3		97.1		97.5		39.1		41.2		51.6		53.3		1.6		1.8		1.05		1.05
24	18	Austria	8.4		8.6		0.6		0.2		65.8		67.9		38.2		41.8		48.0		48.1		1.4		1.3		1.06		1.06
25	18	Singapore	5.3		6.0		1.7		1.1		100.0		100.0		34.1		37.6		40.5		35.4		1.4		1.3		1.07		1.07
26	20	France	63.5		68.5		0.6		0.5		76.9		86.4		37.7		39.9		53.6		55.7		1.8		2.0		1.05		1.05
27	21	Finland	5.4		5.6		0.3		0.3		82.2		83.8		39.3		42.0		49.3		53.5		1.7		1.9		1.05		1.05
28	21	Slovenia	2.0		2.1		0.2		0.2		50.8		49.8		38.0		41.7		42.7		45.0		1.2		1.5		1.05		1.05
29	23	Spain	46.8	g	50.0	g	1.5	g	0.6	g	76.3		77.6		37.6		40.1		46.3		48.4		1.2		1.5		1.06		1.06
30	24	Liechtenstein	0.0		0.0		1.1		0.8		15.1		14.3		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
31	25	Italy	61.0		60.9		0.6		0.2		67.2		68.5		40.2		43.2		48.3		53.8		1.2		1.5		1.06		1.06
32	26	Luxembourg	0.5		0.6		1.0		1.4		83.8		85.7		37.3		38.9		49.1		46.1		1.7		1.7		1.06		1.06
33	26	United Kingdom	62.8		69.3		0.4		0.6		78.7		79.7		37.7		39.8		53.4		52.7		1.7		1.9		1.05		1.05
34	28	Czech Republic	10.6		10.8		0.0		0.3		74.0		73.4		37.4		39.4		43.7		42.9		1.1		1.5		1.06		1.06
35	29	Greece	11.4		11.6		0.4		0.2		59.7		61.7		38.3		41.4		47.1		50.6		1.3		1.5		1.07		1.07
36	30	Brunei Darussalam	0.4		0.5		2.1		1.7		71.2		76.4		25.8		28.9		49.8		41.6		2.4		2.0		1.06		1.06
37	31	Cyprus	1.1		1.3		1.8		1.1		68.6		70.7		31.8		34.2		48.4		41.4		1.7		1.5		1.07		1.07
38	32	Malta	0.4		0.4		0.6		0.3		92.4		95.0		36.1		39.5		46.6		42.1		1.6		1.3		1.06		1.06
39	33	Andorra	0.1		0.1		3.7		1.5		92.4		86.7		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
40	33	Estonia	1.3		1.3		-0.4		-0.1		69.4		69.5		37.9		39.7		49.8		50.0		1.3		1.7		1.06		1.06
41	35	Slovakia	5.5		5.5		0.0		0.2		56.2		54.7		33.6		36.9		45.4		37.9		1.3		1.4		1.05		1.05
42	36	Qatar	1.9		2.4		6.6		2.9		96.3		98.9		30.3		31.6		38.4		18.3		3.1		2.2		1.05		1.04
43	37	Hungary	9.9		9.6		-0.2		-0.2		64.6		69.9		38.5		39.8		46.8		46.2		1.3		1.4		1.06		1.06
44	38	Barbados	0.3		0.3		0.2		0.2		38.3		44.9		33.6		37.5		50.3		40.0		1.6		1.6		1.04		1.04
45	39	Poland	38.3		37.8		-0.1		0.0		61.7		60.8		35.3		38.0		46.3		40.5		1.3		1.4		1.06		1.06
46	40	Chile	17.4		19.5		1.1		0.9		85.9		89.4		28.8		32.1		54.0		45.2		2.1		1.8		1.04		1.04
47	41	Lithuania	3.3		3.1		-0.5		-0.4		67.0		67.2		35.9		39.3		51.2		44.9		1.3		1.5		1.06		1.05
48	41	United Arab Emirates	8.1		10.5		5.9		2.2		80.2		84.7		28.1		30.1		36.3		20.9		2.6		1.7		1.05		1.05
49	43	Portugal	10.7		10.3		0.4		0.0		54.4		61.6		37.7		41.0		47.8		50.0		1.5		1.3		1.06		1.06
50	44	Latvia	2.2		2.1		-0.7		-0.4		68.1		67.7		38.1		40.2		49.9		47.3		1.2		1.5		1.05		1.06
51	45	Argentina	41.1		46.8		0.9		0.9		90.1		92.7		27.9		30.4		60.7		54.4		2.5		2.2		1.04		1.04
52	46	Seychelles	0.1		0.1		1.2		0.3		50.4		54.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
53	47	Croatia	4.4		4.2		-0.3		-0.2		55.6		58.1		39.1		41.5		48.4		47.9		1.4		1.5		1.06		1.06
54	HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
55	48	Bahrain	1.4		1.7		2.5		2.1		88.4		88.7		27.4		30.1		44.1		29.2		2.7		2.5		1.05		1.05
56	49	Bahamas	0.4		0.4		1.4		1.1		82.0		84.5		27.0		30.9		52.9		40.9		2.1		1.9		1.06		1.06
57	50	Belarus	9.5		8.9		-0.5		-0.3		70.0		75.5		36.3		38.3		47.5		40.5		1.2		1.5		1.06		1.06
58	51	Uruguay	3.4		3.6		0.0		0.3		91.3		92.6		31.6		33.7		60.2		56.2		2.2		2.0		1.05		1.05
59	52	Montenegro	0.6		0.6		-0.2		0.1		58.5		63.5		33.5		35.9		47.1		46.5		1.8		1.6		1.08		1.08
60	52	Palau	0.0		0.0		0.8		0.8		70.0		85.1		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
61	54	Kuwait	2.9		4.0		3.1		2.4		98.1		98.3		28.3		28.2		42.3		41.1		2.6		2.3		1.03		1.03
62	55	Russian Federation	142.7		136.4		-0.4		-0.1		73.4		74.0		36.5		37.9		44.1		39.8		1.2		1.5		1.06		1.06
63	56	Romania	21.4		20.3		-0.4		-0.2		53.0		52.8		34.7		38.5		46.7		43.6		1.3		1.4		1.06		1.06
64	57	Bulgaria	7.4		6.5		-0.7		-0.7		68.9		73.7		39.7		41.6		47.7		47.3		1.2		1.5		1.06		1.06
65	57	Saudi Arabia	28.7		38.5		3.6		2.1		79.8		82.5		20.9		25.9		72.5		49.0		4.0		2.7		1.03		1.03
66	59	Cuba	11.2		11.0		0.3		0.0		75.6		75.1		32.8		38.4		45.8		41.8		1.6		1.4		1.06		1.06
67	59	Panama	3.6		4.5		1.8		1.5		65.8		75.9		24.8		27.3		59.6		54.3		2.7		2.4		1.05		1.05
68	61	Mexico	116.1		135.4		1.3		1.1		74.7		78.4		23.4		26.6		62.5		53.5		2.6		2.2		1.05		1.05
69	62	Costa Rica	4.8		5.7		1.9		1.4		59.0		65.1		24.8		28.4		58.5		44.5		2.4		1.8		1.05		1.05
70	63	Grenada	0.1		0.1		0.2		0.4		35.9		39.5		21.8		25.0		74.9		51.9		2.6		2.2		1.05		1.05
71	64	Libya	6.5		7.8		2.0		0.8		76.3		77.9		21.9		25.9		55.6		55.0		3.1		2.4		1.06		1.06
72	64	Malaysia	29.3		37.3		2.2		1.6		62.0		73.5		23.8		26.0		59.1		52.8		3.1		2.6		1.06		1.06
73	64	Serbia	9.8	h	9.5	h	-0.6	h	-0.1	h	53.0		56.7		35.7		37.6		50.5		46.7		1.7		1.6		1.08		1.08
74	67	Antigua and Barbuda	0.1		0.1		1.6		1.0		32.1		29.8		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
75	67	Trinidad and Tobago	1.4		1.4		0.4		0.3		10.8		14.0		26.9		30.8		47.3		38.6		1.6		1.6		1.04		1.04
76	69	Kazakhstan	16.4		18.9		0.3		1.0		55.7		53.5		27.7		29.0		52.6		47.2		1.9		2.5		1.07		1.07
77	70	Albania	3.2		3.3		0.5		0.3		41.7		54.5		27.4		30.0		59.6		46.1		2.2		1.5		1.07		1.07
78	71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	29.9		37.0		1.8		1.5		89.9		93.7		23.3		26.1		62.0		53.3		2.8		2.4		1.05		1.05
79	72	Dominica	0.1		0.1		-0.2		0.0		67.2		67.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
80	72	Georgia	4.3		3.8		-1.2		-0.6		52.6		52.9		34.4		37.3		52.5		44.8		1.6		1.5		1.11		1.11
81	72	Lebanon	4.3		4.7		1.6		0.7		86.0		87.4		25.6		29.1		59.4		45.1		2.4		1.8		1.05		1.05
82	72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	0.1		0.1		1.3		1.2		32.8		32.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
83	76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	75.6		84.4		1.3		1.0		64.0		69.2		20.8		27.1		65.2		38.7		2.2		1.6		1.05		1.05
84	77	Peru	29.7		35.5		1.3		1.1		73.0		77.6		23.0		25.6		63.8		54.9		2.9		2.4		1.05		1.05
85	78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	2.1		2.0		0.3		0.1		59.4		59.4		32.5		35.9		47.7		41.2		1.7		1.4		1.08		1.08
86	78	Ukraine	44.9		40.5		-0.8		-0.5		67.1		69.1		37.7		39.3		46.0		42.8		1.1		1.5		1.06		1.06
87	80	Mauritius	1.3		1.4		1.0		0.5		42.7		41.8		28.6		32.4		48.0		39.6		2.0		1.6		1.04		1.04
88	81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	3.7		3.5		0.5		-0.2		43.0		48.8		35.1		39.4		44.5		40.5		1.4		1.1		1.07		1.07
89	82	Azerbaijan	9.4		10.8		1.1		1.2		51.4		53.9		25.6		29.5		58.1		38.3		2.0		2.2		1.17		1.15
90	83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0.1		0.1		0.2		0.0		45.2		49.7		24.2		27.9		62.3		48.3		2.4		2.0		1.03		1.03
91	84	Oman	2.9		3.6		1.4		1.9		71.6		73.7		21.0		25.3		64.5		42.8		3.6		2.2		1.05		1.05
92	85	Brazil	198.4		220.5		1.3		0.8		81.2		84.9		25.4		29.1		54.0		46.8		2.4		1.8		1.05		1.05
93	85	Jamaica	2.8		2.8		0.8		0.4		51.8		52.1		24.5		27.0		67.0		55.9		2.6		2.3		1.05		1.05
94	87	Armenia	3.1		3.1		-0.1		0.3		64.7		64.1		30.3		32.1		55.9		45.3		1.7		1.7		1.18		1.14
95	88	Saint Lucia	0.2		0.2		1.0		1.0		28.0		16.8		24.0		27.4		66.5		46.9		2.3		1.9		1.03		1.03
96	89	Ecuador	14.9		17.9		1.7		1.3		60.3		68.0		22.6		25.5		65.1		56.3		3.0		2.4		1.05		1.05
97	90	Turkey	74.5		86.7		1.4		1.1		64.7		72.5		24.5		28.3		56.0		46.8		2.4		2.0		1.05		1.05
98	91	Colombia	47.6		56.9		1.6		1.3		72.1		75.6		23.8		26.8		60.1		51.5		2.6		2.3		1.05		1.05
99	92	Sri Lanka	21.2		23.1		1.1		0.8		15.7		15.2		27.8		30.7		48.9		50.6		2.2		2.3		1.04		1.04
100	93	Algeria	36.5		43.5		1.5		1.4		60.8		73.8		21.7		26.2		62.2		45.6		2.6		2.2		1.05		1.05
101	94	Tunisia	10.7		12.2		0.9		1.0		63.4		66.5		24.7		28.9		57.2		43.2		2.1		1.9		1.05		1.05
102	MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
103	95	Tonga	0.1		0.1		0.6		0.4		23.0		23.5		19.9		21.3		78.9		76.1		4.3		3.8		1.05		1.05
104	96	Belize	0.3		0.4		2.3		2.0		47.7		44.5		18.8		21.8		83.4		60.8		3.6		2.7		1.03		1.03
105	96	Dominican Republic	10.2		12.1		1.5		1.2		61.7		70.3		22.7		25.1		67.1		58.3		2.9		2.5		1.05		1.05
106	96	Fiji	0.9		1.0		0.3		0.8		47.9		52.6		22.1		26.4		62.6		51.7		3.1		2.6		1.06		1.06
107	96	Samoa	0.2		0.2		0.4		0.5		22.0		19.6		19.7		20.9		81.6		72.7		4.6		3.8		1.08		1.08
108	100	Jordan	6.5		8.4		2.0		1.9		79.8		83.0		19.4		20.7		75.8		66.9		3.9		2.9		1.05		1.05
109	101	China	1,353.6	i,j	1,393.1	i,j	0.6	i,j	0.4	i,j	35.9	j	51.9		29.7		34.5		48.1		37.6		1.7		1.6		1.21		1.18
110	102	Turkmenistan	5.2		6.2		1.1		1.2		45.9		49.0		21.6		24.5		68.4		48.4		2.8		2.3		1.05		1.05
111	103	Thailand	69.9		73.3		1.1		0.5		31.1		34.4		30.2		34.2		44.7		41.1		1.7		1.5		1.06		1.06
112	104	Maldives	0.3		0.4		1.5		1.3		27.7		42.3		18.8		24.6		79.2		43.6		2.9		1.7		1.06		1.06
113	105	Suriname	0.5		0.6		1.3		0.9		64.9		70.1		25.7		27.6		57.1		52.3		2.7		2.3		1.08		1.08
114	106	Gabon	1.6		2.1		2.1		1.9		80.1		86.5		19.3		21.6		84.2		64.0		4.1		3.2		1.03		1.03
115	107	El Salvador	6.3		7.1		0.4		0.6		58.9		65.3		20.7		23.2		78.2		60.6		2.9		2.2		1.05		1.05
116	108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	10.2		13.4		1.9		1.6		61.8		67.2		20.0		21.7		78.1		66.9		4.1		3.2		1.05		1.05
117	108	Mongolia	2.8		3.5		1.1		1.5		57.1		69.5		21.8		25.4		63.9		46.8		2.2		2.5		1.03		1.03
118	110	Occupied Palestinian Territory	4.3		6.8		2.1		2.8		72.0		74.6		16.2		18.1		98.7		79.5		5.4		4.3		1.05		1.05
119	111	Paraguay	6.7		8.7		2.0		1.7		55.3		62.5		20.4		23.1		74.0		61.4		3.7		2.9		1.05		1.05
120	112	Egypt	84.0		106.5		1.9		1.7		42.8		43.6		21.4		24.4		67.9		57.2		3.3		2.7		1.05		1.05
121	113	Moldova (Republic of)	3.5		3.1		-1.7		-0.7		44.6		48.4		32.3		35.2		50.8		38.8		1.6		1.5		1.06		1.06
122	114	Philippines	96.5		126.3		2.0		1.7		48.0		49.1		20.4		22.2		71.5		62.4		3.8		3.1		1.06		1.06
123	114	Uzbekistan	28.1		33.4		0.9		1.1		37.4		36.2		20.9		24.2		71.4		48.7		2.7		2.3		1.05		1.05
124	116	Syrian Arab Republic	21.1		27.9		2.9		1.7		51.9		56.5		19.1		21.1		77.7		65.2		3.6		2.8		1.05		1.05
125	117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	0.1		0.1		0.4		0.5		22.3		22.7		18.9		20.8		78.2		65.1		4.3		3.3		1.07		1.07
126	118	Guyana	0.8		0.8		0.4		0.2		28.7		28.4		23.0		23.8		66.7		55.8		2.5		2.2		1.05		1.05
127	119	Botswana	2.1		2.3		1.3		1.1		53.2		62.3		20.0		22.9		69.5		56.7		3.4		2.6		1.03		1.03
128	120	Honduras	7.9		10.7		2.0		2.0		45.5		52.7		18.4		21.0		86.0		66.9		4.0		3.0		1.05		1.05
129	121	Indonesia	244.8		279.7		1.3		1.0		42.0		51.5		24.4		27.8		54.7		47.3		2.5		2.1		1.05		1.05
130	121	Kiribati	0.1		0.1		1.8		1.5		43.0		44.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
131	121	South Africa	50.7		54.7		1.3		0.5		56.9		62.4		22.9		24.9		59.6		52.9		2.9		2.4		1.03		1.03
132	124	Vanuatu	0.3		0.4		2.6		2.4		21.7		25.2		18.9		20.6		81.3		70.0		4.4		3.8		1.07		1.07
133	125	Kyrgyzstan	5.4		6.7		0.4		1.1		35.3		35.4		22.5		23.8		67.9		51.9		2.7		2.6		1.05		1.06
134	125	Tajikistan	7.1		9.0		0.9		1.5		26.5		26.5		18.5		20.4		84.9		65.3		4.0		3.2		1.05		1.05
135	127	Viet Nam	89.7		101.5		1.1		1.0		24.4		31.7		23.8		28.2		60.5		40.9		2.0		1.8		1.05		1.05
136	128	Namibia	2.4		3.0		1.9		1.7		32.4		39.0		19.5		21.2		77.6		64.8		4.0		3.1		1.03		1.03
137	129	Nicaragua	6.0		7.2		1.3		1.4		54.7		57.8		18.9		22.1		80.4		61.2		3.3		2.5		1.05		1.05
138	130	Morocco	32.6		37.5		1.1		1.0		53.3		57.4		22.6		26.3		62.0		49.2		2.7		2.2		1.06		1.06
139	131	Iraq	33.7		55.3		2.7		3.1		67.8		66.4		18.0		18.3		89.5		84.3		5.3		4.6		1.07		1.07
140	132	Cape Verde	0.5		0.6		1.6		0.9		53.4		63.4		18.5		22.8		88.9		55.8		3.7		2.3		1.03		1.03
141	133	Guatemala	15.1		22.7		2.5		2.5		45.1		50.2		17.7		18.9		92.4		82.4		4.8		3.9		1.05		1.05
142	134	Timor-Leste	1.2		2.0		3.9		2.9		24.3		28.7		15.3		16.6		106.8		93.0		7.1		6.0		1.05		1.05
143	135	Ghana	25.5		36.5		2.4		2.3		44.0		52.6		19.1		20.5		79.9		73.0		4.7		4.0		1.06		1.06
144	136	Equatorial Guinea	0.7		1.1		3.1		2.7		38.8		39.6		19.5		20.3		85.9		72.0		5.8		5.0		1.03		1.03
145	136	India	1,258.4		1,523.5		1.6		1.3		27.7		31.6		22.7		25.1		63.8		53.8		3.1		2.6		1.08		1.08
146	138	Cambodia	14.5		17.4		1.4		1.2		18.6		20.1		18.1		22.9		80.5		53.2		3.8		2.4		1.05		1.05
147	138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	6.4		7.8		1.6		1.3		22.0		35.4		18.6		21.5		85.0		58.4		4.2		2.6		1.05		1.05
148	140	Bhutan	0.8		0.9		2.9		1.5		25.4		36.4		19.4		24.6		79.2		49.7		3.7		2.3		1.04		1.04
149	141	Swaziland	1.2		1.5		0.8		1.4		22.6		21.2		17.2		19.5		90.8		69.4		4.2		3.2		1.03		1.03
150	LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
151	142	Congo	4.2		6.2		2.4		2.2		58.7		64.1		18.9		19.6		82.7		79.3		4.9		4.5		1.03		1.03
152	143	Solomon Islands	0.6		0.8		2.8		2.5		15.8		20.9		18.8		19.9		80.6		74.1		4.7		4.1		1.09		1.09
153	144	Sao Tome and Principe	0.2		0.2		1.6		2.0		53.4		63.4		17.8		19.3		88.3		75.8		4.6		3.5		1.03		1.03
154	145	Kenya	42.7		65.9		2.6		2.7		19.9		24.4		17.4		18.5		89.0		82.1		5.0		4.6		1.03		1.03
155	146	Bangladesh	152.4		181.9		1.6		1.3		23.6		28.9		20.8		24.2		70.4		53.0		3.1		2.2		1.05		1.05
156	146	Pakistan	180.0		234.4		1.9		1.8		33.1		36.5		19.0		21.7		82.8		63.4		4.5		3.2		1.05		1.05
157	148	Angola	20.2		30.8		3.4		2.7		49.0		60.0		16.1		16.6		100.5		93.9		6.8		5.2		1.03		1.03
158	149	Myanmar	48.7		54.3		0.6		0.8		27.2		33.2		24.7		28.2		55.2		43.0		2.4		2.0		1.03		1.03
159	150	Cameroon	20.5		28.8		2.3		2.1		45.5		52.7		18.2		19.3		86.3		78.3		5.0		4.3		1.03		1.03
160	151	Madagascar	21.9		35.3		3.0		2.8		27.1		33.2		17.4		18.2		93.8		83.7		5.5		4.5		1.02		1.03
161	152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	47.7		81.9		2.6		3.1		22.3		27.2		17.4		17.5		91.0		92.6		5.7		5.5		1.03		1.03
162	153	Nigeria	166.6		257.8		2.5		2.5		42.4		50.3		18.1		18.5		86.4		86.1		5.9		5.5		1.06		1.06
163	154	Senegal	13.1		20.0		2.7		2.6		40.3		42.8		17.0		17.8		92.1		84.3		5.5		4.7		1.03		1.03
164	155	Mauritania	3.6		5.2		2.8		2.2		40.0		41.7		18.4		19.8		83.0		73.1		5.2		4.4		1.05		1.05
165	156	Papua New Guinea	7.2		10.2		2.5		2.2		13.2		12.5		19.6		20.4		74.7		70.3		4.5		3.8		1.08		1.08
166	157	Nepal	31.0		39.9		2.2		1.7		13.4		17.3		19.2		21.4		80.5		64.1		4.1		2.6		1.05		1.05
167	158	Lesotho	2.2		2.6		1.0		1.0		20.0		28.3		18.6		20.3		84.1		69.1		4.1		3.1		1.03		1.03
168	159	Togo	6.3		8.7		2.4		2.0		32.9		38.5		18.0		19.7		86.4		73.6		5.1		3.9		1.02		1.02
169	160	Yemen	25.6		41.3		3.1		3.0		26.3		32.9		15.5		17.4		105.6		86.4		6.5		5.0		1.05		1.05
170	161	Haiti	10.3		12.5		1.6		1.3		35.6		54.8		19.1		21.5		79.2		65.5		4.3		3.2		1.05		1.05
171	161	Uganda	35.6		59.8		3.2		3.1		12.1		16.0		15.6		15.7		106.0		103.1		6.9		6.0		1.03		1.03
172	163	Zambia	13.9		24.5		2.3		3.0		34.8		39.6		17.1		16.7		93.2		99.0		6.1		6.3		1.03		1.03
173	164	Djibouti	0.9		1.3		2.0		1.9		76.5		77.1		18.9		21.4		78.8		62.8		4.8		3.6		1.04		1.04
174	165	Gambia	1.8		2.8		3.0		2.7		48.8		57.9		16.9		17.8		92.1		83.8		5.6		4.7		1.03		1.03
175	166	Benin	9.4		14.6		3.2		2.7		38.3		45.6		17.1		17.9		94.5		86.9		6.0		5.1		1.04		1.04
176	167	Rwanda	11.3		17.6		2.6		2.9		13.8		19.4		16.9		18.7		92.4		84.2		5.8		5.3		1.01		1.01
177	168	Côte d'Ivoire	20.6		29.8		1.7		2.2		43.5		52.0		18.7		19.2		81.6		79.3		5.2		4.3		1.02		1.02
178	169	Comoros	0.8		1.2		2.7		2.5		28.1		28.1		18.5		18.9		79.2		82.8		5.3		4.8		1.05		1.05
179	170	Malawi	15.9		28.2		2.7		3.2		14.6		15.8		17.0		16.9		95.6		96.3		6.1		6.0		1.03		1.03
180	171	Sudan	35.0		50.8		2.3		2.4		32.5		33.3		18.6	k	19.7	k	83.7	k	76.0	k	5.5	k	..		1.05	k	1.05	k
181	172	Zimbabwe	13.0		17.6		0.1		2.2		33.8		39.1		18.2		19.3		82.3		71.6		3.9		3.1		1.02		1.02
182	173	Ethiopia	86.5		118.5		2.5		2.1		14.7		17.2		17.0		18.7		95.7		77.3		6.1		3.9		1.03		1.03
183	174	Liberia	4.2		6.5		2.2		2.6		44.3		48.5		17.9		18.2		85.9		86.0		5.8		5.1		1.06		1.06
184	175	Afghanistan	33.4		53.3		3.8		3.1		20.6		23.8		15.9		16.6		101.3		92.6		7.7		6.0		1.06		1.06
185	176	Guinea-Bissau	1.6		2.3		2.0		2.1		35.9		44.6		18.2		19.0		86.7		79.7		5.8		4.9		1.03		1.03
186	177	Sierra Leone	6.1		8.5		4.4		2.1		35.8		39.6		18.5		18.4		80.2		80.8		5.7		4.8		1.02		1.02
187	178	Burundi	8.7		11.4		2.6		1.9		8.2		11.2		16.7		20.2		96.5		67.7		5.8		4.1		1.03		1.03
188	178	Guinea	10.5		15.9		1.6		2.5		31.0		35.9		17.7		18.3		90.7		85.0		6.0		5.1		1.06		1.06
189	180	Central African Republic	4.6		6.4		1.6		2.0		37.6		39.3		18.7		19.4		85.1		78.0		5.4		4.5		1.03		1.03
190	181	Eritrea	5.6		8.4		4.0		2.9		17.6		21.8		17.1		19.0		89.7		78.9		5.4		4.3		1.03		1.03
191	182	Mali	16.3		26.8		3.1		3.0		28.1		35.6		16.3		16.3		98.8		97.3		6.8		6.2		1.05		1.05
192	183	Burkina Faso	17.5		29.1		2.9		3.0		17.8		27.4		16.5		17.1		95.3		90.5		6.3		5.8		1.05		1.05
193	184	Chad	11.8		18.4		3.5		2.6		21.5		21.9		16.9		17.1		96.2		92.6		6.6		5.8		1.03		1.03
194	185	Mozambique	24.5		35.9		2.6		2.2		29.1		31.4		17.9		17.8		88.8		89.1		5.7		4.8		1.03		1.03
195	186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	69.6		106.0		2.9		2.6		29.3		34.8		16.0		16.7		102.6		94.0		6.9		5.5		1.03		1.03
196	186	Niger	16.6		30.8		3.5		3.5		16.2		18.1		15.8		15.5		102.3		104.8		7.5		7.0		1.05		1.05
197		OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
198		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	24.6		26.2		0.7		0.4		59.4		60.4		29.9		32.9		49.5		47.0		2.1		2.0		1.05		1.05
199		Marshall Islands	0.1		0.1		0.0		1.6		68.4		72.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
200		Monaco	0.0		0.0		0.1		0.0		100.0		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
201		Nauru	0.0		0.0		0.1		0.6		100.0		100.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
202		San Marino	0.0		0.0		2.3		0.6		93.4		94.1		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
203		Somalia	9.8		16.4		2.4		2.6		33.2		38.2		18.0		17.5		88.3		91.0		6.5		6.3		1.03		1.03
204		South Sudan	10.7		16.1		2.8	l	3.2	l	16.5		18.2		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
205		Tuvalu	0.0		0.0		0.6		0.2		46.0		51.0		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		..
206
207		HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX GROUPS
208		Very high human development	1,134.3		1,216.9		0.7		0.5		77.0		81.2		36.8		39.3		49.1		50.3		1.6		1.8		1.05		1.06
209		High human development	1,039.2		1,150.1		0.9		0.8		70.1		74.1		27.6		30.4		54.7		46.4		2.2		1.9		1.05		1.05
210		Medium human development	3,520.5		4,017.4		1.2		1.0		34.8		43.7		25.6		28.9		56.8		47.0		2.5		2.1		1.10		1.10
211		Low human development	1,280.7		1,845.3		2.3		2.2		28.6		33.6		18.4		19.8		85.2		75.5		5.1		4.2		1.04		1.04
212
213		REGIONS
214		Arab States	357.3		480.8		2.2		2.0		53.2		57.2		20.6		23.3		72.3		59.7		3.9		3.0		1.05		1.05
215		East Asia and the Pacific	1,991.4		2,135.3		0.8		0.6		36.7		49.7		28.1		32.3		50.8		40.9		2.0		1.8		1.14		1.12
216		Europe and Central Asia	481.6		491.3		0.0		0.2		63.2		64.8		32.9		34.9		49.5		43.4		1.6		1.7		1.06		1.06
217		Latin America and the Caribbean	597.7		696.0		1.3		1.1		75.3		79.3		24.4		27.5		60.3		52.1		2.6		2.2		1.05		1.05
218		South Asia	1,753.0		2,141.8		1.6		1.4		29.0		32.9		22.0		24.6		66.7		54.6		3.3		2.6		1.07		1.07
219		Sub-Saharan Africa	852.5		1,284.0		2.5		2.5		32.0		37.0		17.8		18.5		88.6		83.4		5.6		4.8		1.04		1.04
220
221		Least developed countries	870.4	T	1,256.8	T	2.2	T	2.2	T	24.3	T	28.9	T	18.3	T	19.7	T	85.5	T	75.5	T	5.1	T	4.1	T	1.04	T	1.04	T
222		SIDS	53.8		63.8		1.3		1.1		48.2		52.6		24.0		26.6		64.6		57.3		3.1		2.7		1.06		1.06
223
224		World	7,052.1	T	8,321.3	T	1.2	T	1.2	T	46.7	T	52.6	T	26.7	T	29.2	T	59.0	T	52.0	T	2.7	T	2.5	T	1.07	T	1.07	T
225
226		NOTES
227		a. Projections based on medium-fertility variant.
228		b. The natural sex ratio at birth is commonly assumed and empirically confirmed to be 105 male births to 100 female births.
229		c. Data are annual average of projected values for 2010-2015.
230		d. Data are average annual estimates for 2000–2005.
231		e. Includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands.
232		f. Includes Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.
233		g. Includes Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla.
234		h. Includes Kosovo.
235		i. Includes Taiwan, China, and excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.
236		j. Excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Regions.
237		k. Estimates are for Sudan only, they do not include South Sudan
238		l. HDRO calculations based on population data from UNDESA (2012b).
239		T. Aggregate from original data source.
240
241		DEFINITIONS
242
243		Population: De facto population in a country, area or region as of 1 July.
244		Annual population growth rate: Average annual exponential growth rate for the period specified.
245		Urban population: De facto population living in areas classified as urban according to the criteria used by each area or country as of July 1.
246		Median age: Age that divides the population distribution into two equal parts—that is, 50 percent of the population is above that age and 50 percent is below it.
247		Total dependency ratio: Ratio of the sum of the population ages 0–14 and ages 65 and older to the population ages 15–64.
248		Total fertility rate: Number of children that would be born to each woman if she were to live to the end of her child-bearing years and bear children at each age in accordance with prevailing age-specific fertility rates.
249		Sex ratio at birth: Number of male births per female birth.
250
251
252		MAIN DATA SOURCES
253		Columns 1, 2, 13 and 14: UNDESA (2012b).
254		Columns 3, 4 and 7-12: UNDESA (2011).
255		Columns 5 and 6: UNDESA (2012 a).