TDB_CountryRanking_DataSpreadsheet.xlsx

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M
1	RANKING		DESTINATION		VISA & ACCESS SCORES				COST SCORES			OVERALL	ADDITIONAL CRITERIA (TBD)
2	Rank (per capita)	Rank (absolute no.)	Country	Region	Ease of student visa score (UK passport) [1–100]	Availability of short/long-term work visas for UK students [1–100]	Frequency of UK HEI partnerships [1–100]	Visa & Access Combined Average [1–100]	Cost of living score [1–100]	Cost of travel score [1–100]	Cost Combined Average [1–100]	Indicative Combined Score [Average of H and K]	Additional criteria to be added
3	Turing Scheme 2023/24 (DfE/Gov.uk); HESA outward mobility; UUKi IFAF 2023	Turing Scheme 2023/24; UUKi International Facts & Figures 2023; HESA outward mobility	Turing Scheme; UUKi; HESA; Erasmus+ historical data	UN regional classification	FCDO/Gov.uk foreign travel advice 2024; Home Office UK Visas & Immigration; each country national immigration authority; Henley Passport Index 2024. Scores reflect ease of obtaining a student/study visa for UK British passport holders to study in that country (short placement <90 days AND long-stay >90 days where relevant)	Gov.uk bilateral WHV/YMS agreements; Home Office; Wikipedia Working Holiday Visa (verified against official national immigration authorities); US Dept of State Exchange Visitor Programme (J-1); BUNAC/CIEE/IES Abroad. Scores reflect availability & ease of work/internship/placement visas specifically for UK students with British passports, including bilateral Working Holiday Visas, J-1-type exchange visas, and government-facilitated placement schemes	UUKi International Facts & Figures 2023; British Council Going Global; QS WUR 2024 collaboration data; Research England international co-authorship	AVERAGE(E, F, G) per row — auto-calculated	Numbeo Cost of Living Index 2024 (www.numbeo.com); inverted to 1-100 scale (100=lowest cost). UK Numbeo index ~63.7.	Skyscanner/OAG avg airfare data 2024 from UK; Turing Scheme DfE grant rate country groups; IATA connectivity data	AVERAGE(I, J) per row — auto-calculated		To be completed

4	1	11	Ireland	Europe	100	95	82	92.3	37	98	67.5	79.9
5	2	7	Malta	Europe	88	50	68	68.7	49	87	68.0	68.4
6	3	3	Spain	Europe	85	55	88	76.0	54	88	71.0	73.5
7	4	2	France	Europe	84	60	92	78.7	38	90	64.0	71.4
8	5	5	Netherlands	Europe	85	58	85	76.0	38	88	63.0	69.5
9	6	4	Germany	Europe	80	55	90	75.0	39	86	62.5	68.8
10	7	8	Belgium	Europe	84	50	82	72.0	39	89	64.0	68.0
11	8	6	Italy	Europe	80	48	80	69.3	43	86	64.5	66.9
12	9	9	Portugal	Europe	84	52	72	69.3	56	87	71.5	70.4
13	10	12	Sweden	Europe	85	50	80	71.7	38	84	61.0	66.4
14	11	16	Denmark	Europe	85	52	76	71.0	36	83	59.5	65.3
15	12	14	Norway	Europe	85	48	74	69.0	32	82	57.0	63.0
16	13	17	Finland	Europe	85	48	72	68.3	37	82	59.5	63.9
17	14	20	Austria	Europe	80	45	74	66.3	35	84	59.5	62.9
18	15	22	Switzerland	Europe	84	48	82	71.3	7	85	46.0	58.7
19	16	13	Australia	Oceania	85	97	88	90.0	24	30	27.0	58.5
20	17	1	United States	North America	68	65	96	76.3	26	42	34.0	55.2
21	18	18	New Zealand	Oceania	85	93	78	85.3	28	28	28.0	56.7
22	19	10	Canada	North America	83	92	86	87.0	33	40	36.5	61.8
23	20	30	Iceland	Europe	85	45	58	62.7	30	80	55.0	58.9
24	21	15	Japan	Asia	72	87	82	80.3	56	35	45.5	62.9
25	22	28	Czech Republic	Europe	80	45	72	65.7	53	80	66.5	66.1
26	23	25	Greece	Europe	80	42	68	63.3	48	84	66.0	64.7
27	24	19	South Korea	Asia	76	85	72	77.7	38	33	35.5	56.6
28	25	29	Poland	Europe	80	45	74	66.3	56	78	67.0	66.7
29	26	21	Hong Kong	Asia	88	76	78	80.7	32	34	33.0	56.9
30	27	24	Singapore	Asia	80	72	78	76.7	21	32	26.5	51.6
31	28	26	Taiwan	Asia	78	72	66	72.0	53	31	42.0	57.0
32	29	23	India	Asia	62	28	72	54.0	82	44	63.0	58.5
33	30	27	China	Asia	50	28	72	50.0	60	30	45.0	47.5
34	31	31	Mexico	North America	82	42	62	62.0	58	52	55.0	58.5
35	32	32	Brazil	South America	78	35	62	58.3	60	45	52.5	55.4
36	33	35	South Africa	Africa	72	40	68	60.0	68	45	56.5	58.3
37	34	34	Argentina	South America	80	30	56	55.3	70	46	58.0	56.7
38	35	36	Chile	South America	78	30	55	54.3	63	42	52.5	53.4
39	36	33	United Arab Emirates	Middle East	82	48	64	64.7	44	55	49.5	57.1
40	37	37	Thailand	Asia	82	30	52	54.7	70	35	52.5	53.6
41	38	38	Indonesia	Asia	72	25	48	48.3	72	32	52.0	50.2
42	39	40	Ghana	Africa	68	30	50	49.3	72	50	61.0	55.2
43	40	39	Kenya	Africa	70	30	52	50.7	74	48	61.0	55.9
44	41	41	Tanzania	Africa	68	25	44	45.7	74	46	60.0	52.9
45	42	44	Croatia	Europe	82	45	60	62.3	55	80	67.5	64.9
46	43	42	Morocco	Africa	80	30	52	54.0	68	72	70.0	62.0
47	44	43	Colombia	South America	82	30	48	53.3	70	44	57.0	55.2
48	45	45	Malaysia	Asia	78	30	56	54.7	64	32	48.0	51.4
49	46	46	Peru	South America	82	28	46	52.0	70	42	56.0	54.0
50	47	47	Nigeria	Africa	55	22	52	43.0	72	48	60.0	51.5
51	48	48	Vietnam	Asia	75	22	46	47.7	72	33	52.5	50.1
52	49	49	Zambia	Africa	68	22	40	43.3	74	48	61.0	52.2
53	50	50	Ecuador	South America	78	25	40	47.7	72	44	58.0	52.9
54
55	SCORING METHODOLOGY NOTES:
56	Col A (Per-capita rank): Countries ranked by number of UK students on placements/internships relative to destination country population. Sources: Turing Scheme 2023/24 destination data (DfE/Gov.uk); UUKi International Facts & Figures 2023; HESA outward mobility data 2021/22; Erasmus+ historical participant data.
57	Col B (Absolute rank): Countries ranked by absolute number of UK students on work placements or internships. USA #1 with 2,057+ Turing-funded HE students in 2023/24; France, Spain, Germany follow. Sources: Turing Scheme (DfE/Gov.uk); UUKi IFAF 2023; HESA outward mobility.
58	Col E (Student visa ease, 1-100): Reflects ease of obtaining a student/study visa specifically for UK British passport holders to study in that country. KEY RULES APPLIED: Ireland = 100 (Common Travel Area, no visa needed at all). EU Schengen countries = 80-88 (no visa <90 days covering most placements; Type D national student visa needed for >90 days with €75-210 fee and standard documentation; some countries e.g. Germany require a blocked bank account = lower score). English-speaking Commonwealth (AU/CA/NZ) = 83-85 (clear online student visa or WHV route, low cost). USA = 68 (J-1 internship visa requires DoS-designated sponsor, SEVIS fee 20, embassy interview 60, sponsor fee, total ~8-14 weeks and £1,000-1,500 - no simple student visa for placements). Japan = 72 (student visa requires Certificate of Eligibility from Japanese institution first, 8-12 weeks). Countries requiring embassy visit + police clearance + medical = 55-72. Sources: FCDO Gov.uk foreign travel advice 2024; Home Office UKVI; national immigration authorities; Henley Passport Index 2024.
59	Col F (Work/internship visa availability for UK students, 1-100): Reflects availability of work, internship or placement visas SPECIFICALLY for UK students with British passports, including bilateral Working Holiday Visas (WHV), government-facilitated exchange schemes, and dedicated student intern visa routes. KEY FACTS: Australia = 97 (WHV subclass 417 - best bilateral WHV for UK: online, AUD 635, age 18-35, up to 3 years from Jul 2024 per UK-Aus FTA, no regional work requirement); NZ = 93 (WHV 23 months for UK citizens - longest duration offered); Canada = 92 (IEC - 8,000 UK quota, open work permit, 12-24 months); Japan = 87 (bilateral WHV age 18-30, 2 separate 1-year stays from Dec 2024, very easy online application); South Korea = 85 (bilateral WHV, no ballot required from 2024, age 18-35); Ireland = 95 (Common Travel Area - UK citizens have full right to work, no visa needed at all); EU Schengen countries = 45-62 (NO bilateral UK-EU WHV post-Brexit; EU-UK Youth Mobility Scheme under negotiation as of 2024-25 but not yet in force; national intern/trainee visa possible only via formal HEI agreement, not student-led); USA = 65 (J-1 intern/trainee visa only route: requires DoS-designated sponsor such as BUNAC/CIEE, employer training plan, SEVIS fee 20, visa interview, total ~£1,000-1,500 and 8-14 weeks lead time; well-established but highly bureaucratic); Hong Kong = 76 (bilateral WHV 12 months); Singapore = 72 (Work Holiday Pass 6 months, quota 200/year); Taiwan = 72 (bilateral WHV 12 months via annual ballot). Sources: Gov.uk; Home Office; Wikipedia Working Holiday Visa (verified against official national immigration authorities); US Dept of State Exchange Visitor Programme; BUNAC; CIEE; IES Abroad; British Council; Turing Scheme.
60	Col G (HEI partnerships, 1-100): Frequency of formal partnerships between UK HEIs and institutions/companies in that country. USA, Germany, France, Australia are top scorers. Sources: UUKi International Facts & Figures 2023; British Council Going Global 2022; QS World University Rankings 2024 collaboration data; Research England international co-authorship data.
61	Col I (Cost of living, 1-100): Inverted from Numbeo Cost of Living Index 2024 (100 = lowest cost). Formula: max(5, round(100 - Numbeo_index × 0.85)). UK index ~63.7. Source: Numbeo Cost of Living Index by Country 2024 (www.numbeo.com).
62	Col J (Cost of travel, 1-100): Combined cost and accessibility of travel from UK. Ireland/European neighbours highest. Antipodean/Pacific destinations lowest. Sources: Skyscanner/OAG average airfare data 2024; IATA distance/connectivity data; Turing Scheme DfE country grant rate groups.
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