Tree Characteristics Wet Soil and Flood Adaptability.xlsx

	A	B	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	AA	AB	AC	AD	AE	AF	AG	AI	AJ	AK
1	Tree Characteristics & Adaptability
2	Wet Soil and Flood Tolerant Trees
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7	Latin Name	Common Name	Type	Origin	WI Native	Hardiness	Site	Height (ft)	Spread (ft)	Flower Color	Flower Season	Fragrance	Larval Plant	Lepidopteran Species	Bird Benefit	Deep Shade Tolerant	Deer Resistant	Rabbit Resistant	Clay Soil Tolerance	Drought Tolerance	Wet Soil Tolerant	Flood / Standing Water Tolerant	Heat Tolerant	Salt Tolerant	Alkaline Soil Tolerant	Juglone Tolerant	Urban / Air Pollution Tolerant	Infertile Soil Tolerant	Ice Storm Tolerant	Edible	Growth Rate	Other	Pruning	Problems	Fall Color

8	Abies balsamea	Balsam Fir	Evergreen	North America	Yes	3a to 6b	Full sun to part shade	50 to 70	15 to 25		Spring	Foliage			Seeds		No		No		Yes						No		Tolerant		Slow	Prefers cool climates, not recommended south of zone 5. Commonly grown as a Christmas tree		spruce budworm, woolly aphid and several canker diseases
10	Acer negundo	Boxelder	Deciduous	North America	No	2b	Full sun	30 to 50	30 to 50	Insignificant	Spring								Yes	Yes	Yes				No	Yes	Yes		Moderate		Rapid			Seeds from female trees are messy. Usually short-lived. Host for boxelder bug. Prone to damage from ice storms and wind
12	Acer rubrum	Red Maple	Deciduous	North America	Yes	3b to 9b	Full sun to part shade	40 to 70	30 to 50	Red to yellow	Spring		Larval	Cercropia moth, inchworms, Rosy Maple Moth, Oval-based Prominent, Retarded Dagger Moth, Orange-humped Maple Worm, Maple Looper, Baltimore Bomolocha	Seeds, buds						Yes	Yes		Yes	No	Yes	Yes		Moderate		Rapid			Verticillium wilt, aphids, leafhoppers, borers, scale and caterpillars. Canker, fungal leaf spot and root rots	Early, orange-red
17	Acer x freemanii	Freeman Maple	Deciduous	Hybrid	No	3b	Full sun	45 to 70	35 to 50	Greenish yellow	Spring		Larval	Imperial moth (Eacles imperialis)	Seeds					Moderate	Yes	Yes			Yes						Rapid	Natural hybrid of Acer rubrum x A. saccharinum		Stronger wood than A. saccharinum
24	Alnus hirsuta	Manchurian Alder	Deciduous	Asia	No	3a to 7a	Full sun to part shade	30 to 60	20 to 30	Insignificant	Early spring									Yes	Yes										Rapid	Nitrogen fixer
25	Alnus x mayri	Hybrid Alder	Deciduous	Asia	No	4a to 7b	Full sun to part shade	30 to 50	20 to 40	Insignificant	Early spring									Moderate	Yes	Yes	No								Rapid	Natural hybrid of A. hirsuta x A. japonica; nitrogen fixer		Leaf curl, powdery mildew, rust and canker; aphids, flea beetles, mealybugs, psyllids and lace bugs
27	Betula nigra	River Birch	Deciduous	North America	Yes	4a to 9b	Full sun to part shade	40 to 70	40 to 60	Brown or green	Spring		Larval	Keystone: Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Mourning Cloak, White Admiral , many others	Seeds		Yes		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes		No	Yes	Yes		Susceptible		Rapid	Requires acidic soil		Can be a messy tree
29	Betula populifolia	Gray Birch	Deciduous	North America	No	3a to 6b	Full sun to part shade	20 to 40	10 to 20	Yellow-brown or green	Spring		Larval	Keystone: Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Mourning Cloak, White Admiral , many others			Yes			Yes	Yes		Yes		Moderate				Moderate		Rapid
31	Carpinus caroliniana	Musclewood, American Hornbeam	Deciduous	North America	Yes	3b to 9a	Part shade to shade	25 to 35	20 to 35	White, green	Early spring		Larval	Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Striped hairstreak, Red-spotted Purple, Tiger swallow-tail	Nutets				Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes		Low	Low	Yes	Yes		Tolerant		Slow			Thin bark, prone to mechanical damage	Good, orange-scarlet
35	Catalpa speciosa	Northern Catalpa	Deciduous	North America	Yes	4a to 8b	Full sun to part shade	40 to 70	20 to 50	White with purple, yellow	Early summer		Larval	Eastern tiger swallowtail (Papilio glaucus), catalpa sphinx (Ceratomia catalpae), more			Yes		Yes	Yes	Yes						Yes	Yes	Tolerant		Moderate			Weak wood	Yellow
36	Celtis occidentalis	Common Hackberry	Deciduous	North America	Yes	3b to 9b	Full sun to shade	40 to 70	40 to 60	Green, insignificant	Spring		Larval	Mourning Cloak, Question Mark, Commas, Hackberry Emperor, Tawny Emperor, American Snout, Mourning Cloak	Fruit				Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes		Susceptible	Yes	Moderate		Train when young to ensure good branch structure	Hackberry nipple gall (cosmetic), witches broom, powdery mildew, leaf spot; scale, lacebugs; ice storm damage	Yellow to yellow-green
41	Chamaecyparis thyoides	Atlantic White Cedar	Evergreen	North America	No	4b to 8b	Full sun to part shade	30 to 50	30 to 40	Non-blooming	NA										Yes										Moderate
53	Crataegus viridis	Green Hawthorn	Deciduous	North America	No	4a to 8b	Full sun to part shade	20 to 35	20 to 35	White	Late spring	Flowers	Larval	King's hairstreak, Gray hairstreak, Soapberry hairstreak, Banded hairstreak, Red-Banded hairstreak	Fruit		Yes		Yes		Yes						Yes			*	Slow		Tolerates pruning well, can be shaped to form a hedge	Somewhat susceptible to cedar hawthorn rust; fungal leaf spot, powdery mildew, apple scab; borers, scale, caterpillars	Gold, red-purple
58	Fraxinus americana	White Ash	Deciduous	North America	Yes	3a to 9b	Full sun	60 to 80	60 to 80	Purplish	Spring		Larval	Canadian sphinx (Sphinx canadensis), Eastern tiger swallowtail (Papilio glaucus), hickory hairstreak (Satyrium caryaevorus), mourning cloak (Nymphalis antiopa), viceroy (Limenitis archippus)	Fruit		Yes	Yes		Yes	Yes					Yes	Yes		Moderate		Rapid			Susceptible to Emerald Ash Borer
59	Fraxinus nigra	Black Ash	Deciduous	North America	Yes	3a	Full sun to part shade	50 to 65	50 to 65		Spring		Larval	Canadian sphinx (Sphinx canadensis), Eastern tiger swallowtail (Papilio glaucus), hickory hairstreak (Satyrium caryaevorus), mourning cloak (Nymphalis antiopa), viceroy (Limenitis archippus)	Fruit						Yes				Yes				Susceptible		Slow	Traditionally used in basketmaking		Susceptible to Emerald Ash Borer
60	Fraxinus pennsylvanica	Green Ash	Deciduous	North America	Yes	2a	Full sun	50 to 70	35 to 50	Purple	Spring		Larval	Canadian sphinx (Sphinx canadensis), Eastern tiger swallowtail (Papilio glaucus), hickory hairstreak (Satyrium caryaevorus), mourning cloak (Nymphalis antiopa), viceroy (Limenitis archippus)	Seed		Yes	Yes			Yes			Yes			Yes		Moderate		Rapid			Susceptible to Emerald Ash Borer
62	Gleditsia triacanthos f. inermis	Thornless Honeylocust	Deciduous	North America	Yes	4a to 8b	Full sun	50 to 70	40 to 50		Spring to early summer		Larval	Silver spotted skipper	Seeds		Yes		Yes	Yes	Yes					Yes	Yes		Susceptible		Rapid
63	Gymnocladus dioicus	Kentucky Cofffeetree	Deciduous	North America	Yes	4a	Full sun	50 to 70	40 to 50	Greenish white	Early summer	Flower	Larval	Bicolor honey locust moth, bisected honey locust moth			Yes		Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes		Tolerant		Slow			Generally pest free	Variable, yellow
70	Larix laricinia	Tamarack	Deciduous	North America	Yes	2a to 5b	Full sun	40 to 80	15 to 30	Yellowish	Spring										Yes								Moderate		Rapid
71	Liquidambar styraciflua	American sweetgum	Deciduous	North America	No	5b to 9b	Full sun	60 to 80	40 to 60	Yellow-green	Spring	Foliage					Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes					Yes			Tolerant		Rapid
74	Maclura pomifera	Osage orange	Deciduous	North America	No	4a to 9b	Full sun to part shade	25 to 70	20 to 60	Yellow-green, insignificant	Spring to early summer	Flower, fruit (unpleasant)	Larval	Ceratomia hagenii (Osage Orange Sphinx Moth) and Archips argyrospilus (Fruit-Tree Leafroller)			Yes	Yes			Yes						Yes				Rapid			No serious pest problems, messy, young growth spiny
77	Metasequoia glyptostroboides	Dawn redwood	Deciduous	China	No	4a to 8b	Full sun	70 to 100	15 to 25	Non-blooming	NA						Yes		Yes		Yes						Yes				Rapid	A "living fossil" species
78	Nyssa sylvatica	Blackgum	Deciduous	North America	Yes	4a	Full sun to part shade	30 to 50	20 to 30	Greenish white	Early summer						Yes		Yes	Moderate	Yes		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes		Tolerant	Yes	Moderate			Generally pest free
83	Picea mariana	Black Spruce	Evergreen	North America	Yes	3a to 7b	Full sun	30 to 40	8 to 12	Brown, purple	Spring	Leaf	Larval	Columbia silkmoth, bog elfin (Callophrys lanoraieensis)	Nest site						Yes		No							Spruce "gum"	Very slow	Very cold tolerant, dislikes hot, humid summer climates
91	Platanus occidentalis	American Sycamore	Deciduous	North America	Yes	4a to 9b	Sun	75 to 100	75 to 100	Male: yellow, female: red	Spring						Yes				Yes					Yes	Yes		Moderate		Rapid
92	Platanus x acerifolia	London Planetree	Deciduous	Hybrid	No	5b to 8b	Sun	75 to 100	60 to 75	Male: yellow, female: red	Spring						Yes		Yes		Yes						Yes				Rapid	Hybrid of P. occidentalis x P. orientalis		Sycamore anthracnose, cankerstain, canker, leaf spot, powdery mildew; borer, scale, Japanese beetle, mites; messy litter
93	Populus deltoides	Cottonwood	Deciduous	North America	Yes	2a to 9b	Full sun	50 to 80	35 to 60	Male: red, female: green	Spring		Larval	Keystone: Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Mourning Cloak, Viceroy, White Admiral, Red-spotted Purple, Dreamy Duskywing, green comma, many more						Yes	Yes						Yes		Susceptible		Rapid	Not a good tree for urban use		Brittle wood, messy. Poor in urban areas. Roots can damage sewer lines and sidewalks
95	Populus tremuloides	Quaking Aspen	Deciduous	North America	Yes	1a to 6b	Full sun	20 to 50	10 to 30	Insignificant	Spring		Larval	Keystone: Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Mourning Cloak, Viceroy, White Admiral, Red-spotted Purple, Dreamy Duskywing, green comma, many more							Yes		No						Susceptible	Inner bark	Rapid	Dioecious, for cool summer climates only		Short lived, numerous pest problems	Yellow
106	Quercus bicolor	Swamp White Oak	Deciduous	North America	Yes	4a	Full sun	50 to 60	50 to 60	Yellow-green	Spring		Larval	Keystone: Red-spotted Purple, Banded Hairstreak, Edwards Hairstreak, Viceroy, Sleepy Duskywing, Horace’s Duskywing, many more	Nuts		Yes			Yes	Yes	Occasional			Low	Yes		Yes	Tolerant	Acorns (with tannin removed)	Moderate		Prune only when dormant to reduce Verticillium wilt infection	Only when dormant
109	Quercus macrocarpa	Bur Oak	Deciduous	North America	Yes	3b to 8b	Full sun	60 to 70	60 to 80	Yellow-green	Spring		Larval	Keystone: Red-spotted Purple, Banded Hairstreak, Edwards Hairstreak, Viceroy, Sleepy Duskywing, Horace’s Duskywing, many more	Nuts				Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes			Yes		Tolerant		Moderate		Prune only when dormant to reduce Verticillium wilt infection
112	Quercus palustris	Pin Oak	Deciduous	North America	Yes	4b to 8b	Full sun	50 to 70	40 to 60	Yellow-green	Spring		Larval	Keystone: Red-spotted Purple, Banded Hairstreak, Edwards Hairstreak, Viceroy, Sleepy Duskywing, Horace’s Duskywing, many more	Nuts		Moderate				Yes	Yes	Yes		No		Yes		Moderate		Rapid	Shallow rooted and generally easy to transplant	Prune only when dormant to reduce Verticillium wilt infection	Chlorosis at high soil pH
117	Quercus x schuettei	Schuette's Oak	Deciduous	Hybrid	No	4a to 8b	Full sun	50 to 70	40 to 60	Yellow-green	Spring		Larval	Keystone: Red-spotted Purple, Banded Hairstreak, Edwards Hairstreak, Viceroy, Sleepy Duskywing, Horace’s Duskywing, many more	Nuts				Yes		Yes									Acorns (with tannin removed)	Rapid	Hybrid of Q. bicolor x Q. macrocarpa	Prune only when dormant to reduce Verticillium wilt infection		Yellow-brown with red tint
118	Quercus x warei	Ware's Oak	Deciduous	Hybrid	No	4b	Full sun	30 to 45	20 to 25	Yellow-green	Spring		Larval	Mourning Cloak, Viceroy, Red-spotted Purple, Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Acadian Hairstreak, Dreamy Hairstreak	Nuts					Yes	Yes				Yes						Rapid	Hybrid of Q. robur x Q. bicolor
119	Salix amygdaloides	Peachleaf Willow	Deciduous	North America	Yes	2a to 8b	Full sun	50 to 70	25 to 35	Yellow-green	Early summer		Larval	Mourning Cloak, Viceroy, Red-spotted Purple, Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Acadian Hairstreak, Dreamy Hairstreak	Nest materials and site						Yes				Moderate				Susceptible		Rapid	Short lived		Wind damage, insect and disease issues
120	Salix babylonica f. tortuosa	Corkscrew Willow	Deciduous	Asia	No	5a to 8b	Full sun	20 to 40	10 to 15	Yellowish	Spring				Nest materials and site		Moderate			No	Yes	Yes				Yes			Susceptible		Rapid	Short lived
121	Salix bebbiana	Bebb Willow, Long-Beaked Willow	Deciduous	North America	Yes	3a to 7b	Full sun to part shade	15 to 25	10 to 15	Yellowish	Spring		Larval	Mourning Cloak, Viceroy, Red-spotted Purple, Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Acadian Hairstreak, Dreamy Hairstreak	Nest materials and site						Yes								Susceptible		Rapid	Short lived		Wind damage, insect and disease issues	Insignificant
122	Salix 'Golden Curls'	Golden Curls Willow	Deciduous	Hybrid	No	4b	Full sun	20 to 30	10 to 15	Yellowish	Spring				Nest materials and site						Yes								Susceptible		Rapid	Thought to be a hybrid of S. alba 'Tristis' x S. matsudana 'Tortuosa' discovered in 1971.
123	Salix lucida	Shining Willow	Deciduous	North America	Yes	2a	Full sun	3 to 20		Yellowish	Early summer		Larval	Mourning Cloak, Viceroy, Red-spotted Purple, Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Acadian Hairstreak, Dreamy Hairstreak, locust underwing, green comma, great lepoard moth	Nest materials and site						Yes								Susceptible		Rapid
124	Salix pentandra	Laurel Willow	Deciduous	Europe, Asia	No	2b	Full sun	30 to 45		Yellowish	Spring	Crushed leaf	Larval	Mourning Cloak, Viceroy, Red-spotted Purple, Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Acadian Hairstreak, Dreamy Hairstreak, locust underwing, green comma, great lepoard moth	Nest materials and site						Yes								Susceptible		Rapid			Weak wood
125	Salix x sepulcralis var. chrysocoma	Golden Weeping Willow	Deciduous	Hybrid	No	4a	Full sun	40	25	Yellowish	Spring				Nest materials and site						Yes								Susceptible		Rapid	Hybrid of S. alba 'Vitellina' x S. babylonica in the 1880s		Messy
132	Taxodium distichum	Baldcypress	Deciduous	North America	No	4b or 5b	Full sun to part shade	50 to 75		Purple	Spring		Larval	Baldcypress sphinx moth	Seeds		Moderate		Yes		Yes	Yes			No		Yes		Tolerant		Moderate
135	Thuja occidentalis	Eastern Arborvitae	Evergreen	North America	Yes	3a to 7b	Full sun to part shade	20 to 40	10 to 15	Non-blooming	NA		Larval	Pale beauty (Campaea perlata), Io moth (Automeria io), juniper geometer (Patalene olyzonaria), more	Nest site				Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes			Yes	Yes		Tolerant		Slow
143	Ulmus americana	American Elm	Deciduous	North America	Yes	3a to 9b	Full sun	60 to 80	40 to 70	Reddish green	Spring		Larval	Mourning Cloak, Question Mark, Commas						Yes	Yes	Yes				Yes	Yes		Susceptible		Rapid			Dutch elm disease - plant only resistant cultivars
144	Ulmus x hybrida 'Patriot'	Patriot Hybrid Elm	Deciduous	Hybrid	No	5a	Full sun	40 to 50	30 to 40	Reddish green	Spring									Occasional	Yes	Occasional		Yes					Susceptible		Rapid	Complex hybrid of Ulmus wilsoniana, U. pumila, U. carpinifolia and U. glabra
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