Molecular formula

A tyrosine kinase inhibitor that could be used as a treatment for COVID-19 symptoms (inflammation)

CN1CCN(CC1)C2=C(C=C(C=C2)NC3=NC4=C(C=CN4)C(=N3)OC5=CC=CC(=C5)NC(=O)C=C)F

An oral investigational drug that may be used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and was suggested as a potential candidate for the treatment of COVID-19 - has antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and tissue repair properties

C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)Cl)N=C(C=C2)NC3=CC=C(C=C3)OC(F)(F)F

A tyrosine kinase inhibitor that could be used as a treatment for COVID-19 symptoms

CC#CC(=O)N1CCCC1C2=NC(=C3N2C=CN=C3N)C4=CC=C(C=C4)C(=O)NC5=CC=CC=N5

An anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits leukotriene A4 hydrolase and may be used as a therapeutic intervention for COVID-19 disease

C1C2CN(C1CN2CC3=CC=C(C=C3)OC4=CC=C(C=C4)C5=NC=CO5)CC6=CC=C(C=C6)C(=O)O

A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with anti-thrombotic and antiviral properties

CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)O

A ribonucleoside that could have therapeutic use against COVID-19; may reduce inflammation and improve the prognosis of patients

C1=NC(=C2C(=N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)N

An inhibitor of neutrophil elastase that could be used for the management of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

CC1=C(C=C(C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC(=C2)C(F)(F)F)C(=O)NCC3=NC=C(C=C3)S(=O)(=O)C)C4=CC=NN4C

An interleukin 1 receptor antagonist that could be used a treatment for COVID-19 (inflammation - cytokine storm)

CC(C)(C)C(=O)OCON=C(C1=CSC(=N1)N)C(=O)NC2C3N(C2=O)C(=C(CS3)C=C)C(=O)O

A hepatocyte growth factor mimetic that may reduce the severity and progression of pulmonary and renal dysfunction and mortality in patients hospitalised with COVID-19

C1=CSC(=C1)C=CC2=CC=NN2

An inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) and an immunomodulating agent - could be used as a treatment option for COVID-19

CCOC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(CS(=O)(=O)C)N2C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C(=CC=C3)NC(=O)C)OC

An aldose reductase inhibitor that mitigates pulmonary and cardiac inflammatory sequelae - could be used as a treatment option for COVID-19 and related complications

C1=CC2=C(C=C1C(F)(F)F)N=C(S2)CN3C(=O)C4=NC=CN=C4C(=N3)CC(=O)O

An investigational inhibitor of p38a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2)

CC1=CC(=C(C(=O)N1C2=CC(=NC=C2C)C3=NC(=NC=C3)C(C)(C)O)Cl)OCC4=C(C=C(C=N4)F)F

May reduce COVID-19 mortality and lower disease severity

CC(C)C1=C(C(=C(N1CCC(CC(CC(=O)O)O)O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)C3=CC=CC=C3)C(=O)NC4=CC=CC=C4

Yes - atorvastatin calcium

Its safety and efficacy for the treatment of COVID-19 is being investigated; MEK1/2 kinase inhibitor that may attenuate the hyperinflammation observed in COVID-19 patients

C1=CC(=C(C=C1I)Cl)NC2=C(C=CC(=C2F)F)C(=O)O

Avasopasem manganese - UNII-HP219O4H4V (parent compound)

Was investigated in a trial in patients with critical illness due to COVID-19

C1CCC2C(C1)NCCNC3CCCCC3NCC4=CC=CC(=N4)CN2

Its safety and efficacy in patients with Type I or Type II diabetes who have been hospitalised with COVID-19 was investigated

CC1=CN=C(C=N1)NC(=O)C2=CC(=CC(=C2)OC(C)COC)OC3=NC=C(N=C3)C(=O)N4CCC4

A Janus kinase inhibitor with immunomodulating properties

CCS(=O)(=O)N1CC(C1)(CC#N)N2C=C(C=N2)C3=C4C=CNC4=NC=N3

A corticosteroid that acts as an anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic drug

CC1CC2C3CCC4=CC(=O)C=CC4(C3(C(CC2(C1(C(=O)CO)O)C)O)Cl)C

Its safety, tolerability, and efficacy is being investigated in hospitalised adults with COVID-19

CC(C)OC1=CC=C(C=C1)S(=O)(=O)N2CCN(CC2)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)C4=NC=CO4)OCC(=O)O

An inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 1 (DPP-1) and is used for the treatment of respiratory inflammation

CN1C2=C(C=CC(=C2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)CC(C#N)NC(=O)C4CNCCCO4)OC1=O

Is used for the treatment of post-partum depression and its safety/efficacy for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19 was investigated

CC(=O)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C

Is being evaluated in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19

CC(C)(C(=O)NC(CS)C(=O)O)S

A corticosteroid that may be used in the treatment and management of COVID-19

CCCC1OC2CC3C4CCC5=CC(=O)C=CC5(C4C(CC3(C2(O1)C(=O)CO)C)O)C

An adrenoreceptor antagonist that could be used to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and the severity of COVID-19; has been found to suppress interleukin 6 (IL-6)

COC1=CC=CC=C1OCCNCC(COC2=CC=CC3=C2C4=CC=CC=C4N3)O

Yes - carvedilol and carvedilol phosphate

A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that may be used in the treatment and management of COVID-19

CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=NN2C3=CC=C(C=C3)S(=O)(=O)N)C(F)(F)F

A chemokine receptor antagonist with antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities

CCCCOCCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC3=C(C=C2)N(CCCC(=C3)C(=O)NC4=CC=C(C=C4)S(=O)CC5=CN=CN5CCC)CC(C)C

A psychotropic drug that could be used as a prophylactic against SARS-CoV-2 and reduce the severity of disease

CN(C)CCCN1C2=CC=CC=C2SC3=C1C=C(C=C3)Cl

Yes - chlorpromazine hydrochloride

A corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory and potential antiviral activity, including against SARS-CoV-2

CC(C)C(=O)OCC(=O)C12C(CC3C1(CC(C4C3CCC5=CC(=O)C=CC45C)O)C)OC(O2)C6CCCCC6

A novel calcium release-activated calcium channel inhibitor that has been evaluated in adults with severe or critical COVID-19 pneumonia; may reduce inflammation and improve oxygenation

CC1=C(C(=CC=C1)F)C(=O)NC2=NC=C(N=C2)C3=CC4=C(C=C3Cl)OC(O4)(F)F

A mast cell stabiliser that could be repurposed for the management and treatment of COVID-19

C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)OCC(COC3=CC=CC4=C3C(=O)C=C(O4)C(=O)O)O)C(=O)C=C(O2)C(=O)O

Yes - cromolyn sodium

An immunosuppressant that could be used to improve clinical outcomes in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19

CCC1C(=O)N(CC(=O)N(C(C(=O)NC(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)N1)C(C(C)CC=CC)O)C)C(C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)C(C)C)CC(C)C)C)C

A sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor that could provide organ protection in patients with COVID-19

CCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)C3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)Cl

A direct inhibitor of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)

A corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory properties that can be used for the treatment of COVID-19

CC1CC2C3CCC4=CC(=O)C=CC4(C3(C(CC2(C1(C(=O)CO)O)C)O)F)C

Yes - dexamethasone, dexamethasone sodium phosphate

An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that may be a novel therapeutic strategy to attenuate multi-organ dysfunction in COVID-19 patients

CC1=C(C(=CC=C1)C(C)C2=CN=CN2)C

Yes - dexmedetomidine hydrochloride

A direct inhibitor of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)

Structure not available

A phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor that could potentially be used to combat COVID-19

CC(C1=CC2=C(C(=CC=C2)Cl)C(=O)N1C3=CC=CC=C3)NC4=NC=NC5=C4NC=N5

A second generation antihistamine that has anti-inflammatory properties and could be used in the management or treatment of COVID-19

CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)CCCN2CCC(CC2)OC(C3=CC=CC=C3)C4=CC=CC=C4

May be used to prevent severe COVID-19 pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome; may have anti-inflammatory properties

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC

Used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and it could potentially be effective in reducing the clinical complications and mortality in severe COVID-19 cases; may have anti-inflammatory properties

CC1=NN(C(=O)C1)C2=CC=CC=C2

An aldosterone receptor antagonist that has anti-inflammatory properties and could be repurposed for COVID-19

CC12CCC(=O)C=C1CC(C3C24C(O4)CC5(C3CCC56CCC(=O)O6)C)C(=O)OC

An estrogenic steroid that may be repurposed for the management and treatment of COVID-19

CC12CCC3C(=CCC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C1CCC2=O

N/A - sodium equilin sulfate is in a mixture

An antidepressant that may reduce the risk of death or intubation in patients hospitalised with COVID-19

CN(C)CCCC1(C2=C(CO1)C=C(C=C2)C#N)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F

Yes - escitalopram oxalate

A histamine H2 receptor antagonist that could be used as a potential therapy for COVID-19

C1=C(N=C(S1)N=C(N)N)CSCCC(=NS(=O)(=O)N)N

A synthetic retinoid derivative that has antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties

CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC(=O)NC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)C)C

A sphingosine analog and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator that could be repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 infection

CCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(C=C1)CCC(CO)(CO)N

Yes - fingolimod hydrochloride

An antidepressant that may reduce the risk of death or intubation in patients hospitalised with COVID-19

CNCCC(C1=CC=CC=C1)OC2=CC=C(C=C2)C(F)(F)F

Yes - fluoxetine hydrochloride

A glucocorticoid that has anti-inflammatory and potential antiviral properties

CC1CC2C3CC(C4=CC(=O)C=CC4(C3(C(CC2(C1(C(=O)SCF)O)C)O)F)C)F

Yes - fluticasone propionate, fluticasone furoate

A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (antidepressant) that may reduce the risk of clinical deterioration in COVID-19 patients

COCCCCC(=NOCCN)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(F)(F)F

Yes - fluvoxamine maleate

A spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor - may attenuate neutrophil associated mechanisms associated with COVID-19

CC1(C(=O)N(C2=C(O1)C=CC(=N2)NC3=NC(=NC=C3F)NC4=CC(=C(C(=C4)OC)OC)OC)COP(=O)(O)O)C

Yes - fostamatinib disodium

The efficacy and safety of FP-025 is being evaluated in patients with severe to critical COVID-19 and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); an inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-12/macrophage elastase (MMP-12) that may have anti-inflammatory properties

Structure not available

A diuretic with anti-inflammatory activity and inhaled furosemide may be a potential therapeutic for COVID-19

C1=COC(=C1)CNC2=CC(=C(C=C2C(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)N)Cl

A corticosteroid that may be used in the treatment and management of COVID-19

CC12CCC(=O)C=C1CCC3C2C(CC4(C3CCC4(C(=O)CO)O)C)O

Yes - hydrocortisone and several derivatives

A tyrosine kinase inhibitor that could be used as a treatment for COVID-19 symptoms (inflammation)

C=CC(=O)N1CCCC(C1)N2C3=NC=NC(=C3C(=N2)C4=CC=C(C=C4)OC5=CC=CC=C5)N

A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that is being evaluated in patients with COVID-19 who are at risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

CC(C)C1=NN2C=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C(C)C

An inhibitor of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and its clinical efficacy in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 is being investigated (potent anti-inflammatory agent)

CC(C(C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)O)N2CCC(CC2)CC3=CC=CC=C3

A tyrosine kinase inhibitor that could be used as a treatment for COVID-19 symptoms (inflammation)

CC1=C(C=C(C=C1)NC(=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)CN3CCN(CC3)C)NC4=NC=CC(=N4)C5=CN=CC=C5

Yes - imatinib mesylate

An immune response modifier; an agonist of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)

CC(C)CN1C=NC2=C1C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2N

A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that may be used in the treatment and management of COVID-19

CC1=C(C2=C(N1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)Cl)C=CC(=C2)OC)CC(=O)O

Yes - indomethacin and indomethacin sodium

A Janus kinase inhibitor that could be used as a treatment option for the cytokine storm

Structure not available

A local anaesthetic drug that may be repurposed for use in COVID-19 patients - may help to attenuate the immunological storm

CCN(CC)CC(=O)NC1=C(C=CC=C1C)C

Yes - lidocaine, lidocaine hydrochloride

A p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor (immunomodulatory properties) that may be used to treat COVID-19

CC1=C(C=C(C=C1F)C(=O)NC2CC2)C3=NC=C(C=C3)C(=O)NCC(C)(C)C

A dual Toll-like receptor (TLR7/8) inhibitor with drug-like properties

C1C(CN(CC1N)C2=C3C=CC=NC3=C(C=C2)C#N)C(F)(F)F

An inhibitor of chemokine co-receptor 5 (CCR5) and has antiviral activities against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

CC1=NN=C(N1C2CC3CCC(C2)N3CCC(C4=CC=CC=C4)NC(=O)C5CCC(CC5)(F)F)C(C)C

A multifunctional hormone that is produced by the pineal gland - its potential antiviral properties and use in the treatment of COVID-19 is being investigated; may also attenuate the production of interferons

CC(=O)NCCC1=CNC2=C1C=C(C=C2)OC

An anti-inflammatory agent that could be repurposed for use in patients with COVID-19 however, its safety profile and efficacy needs to be explored further

C1=CC(=C(C=C1N)C(=O)O)O

Yes - mesalamine

Used in the treatment of diabetes and its efficacy in the management and treatment of COVID-19 is being investigated; may have anti-inflammatory properties

Yes - metformin hydrochloride

A corticosteroid that could be used as a treatment for patients with severe COVID-19

CC1CC2C3CCC(C3(CC(C2C4(C1=CC(=O)C=C4)C)O)C)(C(=O)CO)O

Yes - methylprednisolone, methylprednisolone acetate, methylprednisolone sodium succinate

An antidepressant that may reduce the risk of death or intubation in patients hospitalised with COVID-19

CN1CCN2C(C1)C3=CC=CC=C3CC4=C2N=CC=C4

A leukotriene receptor antagonist that may be used in the treatment of COVID-19

CC(C)(C1=CC=CC=C1CCC(C2=CC=CC(=C2)C=CC3=NC4=C(C=CC(=C4)Cl)C=C3)SCC5(CC5)CC(=O)O)O

Yes - montelukast sodium

A neuroprotective drug that is being evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19

Structure not available

An opioid antagonist that could be a potential therapeutic candidate for COVID-19; may have immunomodulatory activity

C1CC1CN2CCC34C5C(=O)CCC3(C2CC6=C4C(=C(C=C6)O)O5)O

Yes - naltrexone, and naltrexone hydrochloride

A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that may be used in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections

CC(C1=CC2=C(C=C1)C=C(C=C2)OC)C(=O)O

Yes - naproxen, naproxen sodium

A tyrosine kinase inhibitor and antifibrotic drug

CN1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N(C)C2=CC=C(C=C2)N=C(C3=CC=CC=C3)C4=C(NC5=C4C=CC(=C5)C(=O)OC)O

Yes - nintedanib esylate

An antitussive medication that could be a potential therapeutic candidate for COVID-19; may modulate bradykinin signaling

CN1CCC2=CC3=C(C(=C2C1C4C5=C(C(=C(C=C5)OC)OC)C(=O)O4)OC)OCO3

A sphingosine kinase-2 inhibitor and its ability to improve and/or stabilise clinical outcomes in adults hospitalised with severe COVID-19 pneumonia has been investigated

C1C2CC3(CC1CC(C2)(C3)C(=O)NCC4=CC=NC=C4)C5=CC=C(C=C5)Cl

Orphan drug designation/clinical trials

An anabolic steroid that could be repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19

CC12CCC3C(C1CCC2(C)O)CCC4C3(CC(=CO)C(=O)C4)C

A xanthine oxidase inhibitor that may be used in combination with pentoxifylline for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections

C1=NNC2=C1C(=O)NC(=O)N2

A sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator that could be used to mitigate the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19

CC(C)OC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=NC(=NO2)C3=C4CCC(C4=CC=C3)NCCO)C#N

Yes - ozanimod hydrochloride

A Janus kinase inhibitor that could be used as a treatment for COVID-19 symptoms

C1CCN(C1)CCOC2=C3COCC=CCOCC4=CC(=CC=C4)C5=NC(=NC=C5)NC(=C3)C=C2

An antidepressant that may reduce the risk of death or intubation in patients hospitalised with COVID-19

C1CNCC(C1C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)COC3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4

Yes - paroxetine mesylate, paroxetine hydrochloride

A methyl-xanthine that inhibits phosphodiesterase IV that could be used as a treatment for COVID-19

CC(=O)CCCCN1C(=O)C2=C(N=CN2C)N(C1=O)C

A potent and selective inhibitor of interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 4

CCC1C(NC(=O)C1F)COC2=NC=CC3=CC(=C(C=C32)OC)C(=O)N

An A3 adenosine receptor agonist and its efficacy in treating COVID-19 is being investigated; may have anti-inflammatory properties

CNC(=O)C1C(C(C(O1)N2C=NC3=C(N=CN=C32)NCC4=CC(=CC=C4)I)O)O

A glucocorticoid that could be used in the management and treatment of COVID-19 and related complications

CC12CC(C3C(C1CCC2(C(=O)CO)O)CCC4=CC(=O)C=CC34C)O

Yes - prednisolone, prednisolone sodium phosphate

A melatonin receptor agonist that may be repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19; may also attenuate the production of interferons

CCC(=O)NCCC1CCC2=C1C3=C(C=C2)OCC3

An adenosine receptor agonist that may reduce COVID-induced lung injury by inhibting hyperinflammation

CNC(=O)C1=CN(N=C1)C2=NC(=C3C(=N2)N(C=N3)C4C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)N

An inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor types 1 and 2 (CXCR1 and CXCR2)

CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C)C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C

An inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) that has anti-inflammatory properties and is used in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

C1CC1COC2=C(C=CC(=C2)C(=O)NC3=C(C=NC=C3Cl)Cl)OC(F)F

A statin that may improve the clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19

CC(C)C1=NC(=NC(=C1C=CC(CC(CC(=O)O)O)O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)N(C)S(=O)(=O)C

Yes - rosuvastatin calcium

An inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) - is being investigated as COVID-19 post-exposure prophylaxis in asymptomatic adults aged 65 and older

CC(C)(C#N)C1=CC=C(C=C1)N2C3=C4C=C(C=CC4=NC=C3N(C2=O)C)C5=CC6=CC=CC=C6N=C5

A Janus kinase inhibitor with immunomodulating properties

C1CCC(C1)C(CC#N)N2C=C(C=N2)C3=C4C=CNC4=NC=N3

Yes - ruxolitinib and ruxolitinib phosphate

A small molecule inhibitor of casein kinase 2 (CK2) with antiviral and immunomodulating properties

C1=CC(=CC(=C1)Cl)NC2=NC3=C(C=CC(=C3)C(=O)O)C4=C2C=CN=C4

An immunosuppressant that may be repurposed for the management and treatment of COVID-19

CC1CCC2CC(C(=CC=CC=CC(CC(C(=O)C(C(C(=CC(C(=O)CC(OC(=O)C3CCCCN3C(=O)C(=O)C1(O2)O)C(C)CC4CCC(C(C4)OC)O)C)C)O)OC)C)C)C)OC

An immunosuppressant that may be repurposed for the management and treatment of COVID-19

CC1CC(C2C(CC(C(O2)(C(=O)C(=O)N3CCCCC3C(=O)OC(C(C(CC(=O)C(C=C(C1)C)CC=C)O)C)C(=CC4CCC(C(C4)OC)O)C)O)C)OC)OC

A lung-selective Janus kinase inhibitor that has immunomodulatory properties

CCC1=C(C=CC(=C1)O)C2=CC3=C(C=C2)C(=NN3)C4=NC5=C(N4)CN(C(C5)C(=O)N6CC(C6)N(C)C)C(C)C

A radical scavenger and its effects in patients with COVID-19 are being evaluated; may have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; (PubChem: unsupported atom valence)

CC1(CC(CC(N1[O])(C)C)O)C

May have anti-inflammatory and immunodulatory effects against COVID-19

C1CC(=O)NC(=O)C1N2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=O

A Janus kinase inhibitor that could be used as a treatment for COVID-19 symptoms (inflammation)

CC1CCN(CC1N(C)C2=NC=NC3=C2C=CN3)C(=O)CC#N

Yes - tofacitinib citrate