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1 | Authors | Published Date | Title | Keywords | Journal Name | Location of study (City and State) | Does study indicate gardeners know about contamination in their gardens? | Do gardeners: 1) Have knowledge or 2) Want to have knowledge? | What knowledge do gardeners have or want to have? | What barriers (if any) do gardeners mention in learning this knowledge? | Do the gardeners address contamination in their gardens? | Does the author of the study engage with contamination? | How do authors engage with contamination? | Does the study mention environmental justice? | Other notes | Meets criteria for inclusion | ||||||||||||||||||
2 | Chammi P. Attanayake, Ganga M. Hettiarachchi,* Sabine Martin, and Gary M. Pierzynski | April 27, 2015 | Potential Bioavailability of Lead, Arsenic, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Compost-Amended Urban Soils | Lead, arsenic, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons | Journal of Environmental Quality | Indianapolis, IN | No | Limited literature (mentioned by author, not gardeners) | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
3 | Chammi P. Attanayake, Ganga M. Hettiarachchi,* Ashley Harms, DeAnn Presley, Sabine Martin, and Gary M. Pierzynski | July 9, 2013 | Field Evaluations on Soil Plant Transfer of Lead from an Urban Garden Soil | Lead | Journal of Environmental Quality | Kansas City, Missouri | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | Anna L.M. Augustsson, Terese E. Uddh-Söderberg, K. Johan Hogmalm, Monika E.M. Filipsson | February 25, 2015 | Metal uptake by homegrown vegetables – The relative importance in human health risk assessments at contaminated sites | BCFs, cadmium, lead | Environmental Research | Unknown | No | No | Yes | Sampled vegetables and soil, looked at impacts of human health exposure to BCF's | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | Katie Cairns | 2018 | Beyond “Magic Carrots”: Garden pedagogies and the rhetoric of effects | Gardening, social justice | Harvard Educational Review | Studied research from Toronto, Ontario, and Camden, New Jersey | No | No | Unclear | Author mentions how the contamination of water would shape the experience of growing food | Yes | Not specific about contaminants | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
6 | Brent F. Kim, Melissa N. Poulsen, Jared D. Margulies, Katie L. Dix, Anne M. Palmer, Keeve E. Nachman | February 6, 2018 | Urban Community Gardeners’ Knowledge and Perceptions of Soil Contaminant Risks | Lead, heavy metals, organic chemical contaminants | PLOS One | Baltimore, MD | Yes | Want to have knowledge | Some gardeners have knowledge of lead contamination in soil, others want to have knowledge regarding contamination having to do with trash, drug paraphernalia, and animal feces, as well as potential contaminants in fill dirt, compost, and water. | Barriers in testing, fear of contamination after already purchasing the land | Yes | Yes | Sampled soil, surveyed Baltimore community gardeners regarding demographics, garden site history, and knowledge, perceptions, and practices related to soil contamination | No | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
7 | Sally L. Brown, Rufus L. Chaney, and Ganga M. Hettiarachchi | December 11, 2015 | Lead in Urban Soils: A Real or Perceived Concern for Urban Agriculture? | Lead | Journal of Environmental Quality | Kansas City, Missouri | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil, looked at human health impacts of lead in the diet | No | Mentions that concerns about contamination deters gardeners | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
8 | Deborah Dutta & Sanjay Chandrasekharan | October 23, 2017 | Doing to being: farming actions in a community coalesce into pro-environment motivations and values | Community involvement | Environmental Education Research | No | No | No | No | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 | Rebecca Ellis | October 2017 | Engaging Diverse Communities Through Community Gardening | Social justice, community gardens | Presented at Sustain Ontario Bring Food Home conference | Parkdale, Toronto | No | No | No | No | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
10 | Salvatore Engel-Di Mauro | 2020 | The troubling and troublesome worlds of urban soil trace element contamination baselines | Arsenic, lead | EPE: Nature and Space | Sacramento, CA, New York City, NY | No | No | Yes | Looks at how contamination levels impact politics | Yes | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
11 | Kristin A. Reynolds | June 3, 2011 | Expanding technical assistance for urban agriculture: Best practices for extension services in California and beyond | Food justice, urban gardening | Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development | Alameda County, CA | No | No | No | No | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
12 | Sutherland, L-A., Brown, K., Currie, M., do Carmo, R ., Duncan, J., Kohe, M., Koutsouris, A., Larsen, R. B., Maye, D., Noe, E., Oedl-Wieser, T., Philip, L., Pospěch, P., Rasch, E. D., Rivera, M. J., Schermer, M., Shortall, S., Starosta, P., Sumane, S., Wilkie, R., Woods, M. | August 18, 2021 | European Society for Rural Sociology and Congress | Gardens | The James Hutton Institute | Aberdeen, Scotland; Croatia; UK; Spain | No | No | Yes | Sampled vegetables and soil, interviewed farmers to understand soil carbon as a as a socio-ecological and political-ecological phenomenon | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
13 | Megan Horst, Nathan McClintock & Lesli Hoey | July 12, 2017 | The Intersection of Planning, Urban Agriculture, and Food Justice: A Review of the Literature | Food justice | Journal of the American Planning Association | Seattle, WA | No | No | No | No | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
14 | Candis M. Hunter, Dana H. Z. Williamson, Matthew O. Gribble, Halle Bradshaw, Melanie Pearson, Eri Saikawa, P. Barry Ryan and Michelle Kegler | July 3, 2019 | Perspectives on Heavy Metal Soil Testing Among Community Gardeners in the United States: A Mixed Methods Approach | Heavy metals | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | Atlanta, GA; Baltimore, MD | Yes | Have knowledge | Only some of the surveyed gardeners have knowledge of contamination in their gardens. | Barriers of testing, such as cost, accessibility, time, and interpreting the results | No | Yes | Conducted surveys to understand gardner's knowledge and concern of contamination in their gardens | Yes | A few participants expressed that they had thorough knowledge about previous activities that had taken place on their garden land, however other gardeners did not know or were unsure about previous site use, and they expressed concerns about historical industrial activity, dumping of gasoline and other hazardous materials, flooding, and downstream run-off | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
15 | Sheri Johnson, Dalila Cardona, Jeremy Davis, Benjamin Gramling, Chelsea Hamilton, Ray Hoffmann, Sabrina Ruis, Doug Soldat, Steve Ventura, Ke Yan | Spring 2016 | Using Community-Based Participatory Research to Explore Backyard Gardening Practices and Soil Lead Concentrations in Urban Neighborhoods | Lead | Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action, | Baltimore, MD | No | Access to soil testing | No | Yes | Sampled soils, interviews conducted to examine garden preparation, maintenance and harvesting, produce consumption habits, perceptions of lead exposure risk, and children’s involvement in backyard gardening | Yes | When initially interviewed, gardeners reported low levels of concern about lead contamination. After a brief explanation of potential risks of lead exposure, the percentage of concerned gardeners more than doubled. | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
16 | Rebecca Kessler | November 2013 | Urban Gardening, Managing the Risks of Contaminated Soil | Lead, copper, zinc, nickel, cadmium | Environmental Health Perspectives | Boston, MA | No | Want to have knowledge | Want to know how to test for/avoid contaminated compost | Access to soil testing | No | Yes | Looked at human health impacts | No | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
17 | Melanie Malone | June 10, 2021 | Seeking justice, eating toxics: overlooked contaminants in urban community gardens | As, Lead, TPH, and glyphosate | Agriculture and Human Values | Seattle, WA | No | Want to have knowledge | How to safely remove contaminants from their UCG | Sampling uncertainty, contaminant spatial variability, interpretation of results, and lack of clear guidelines or screening levels for some metals. | No | Yes | Sampled soil, looked at impacts on human health and vulnerable populations | Yes | Small circles of gardeners know about contamination, but do not have the access to knowledge or testing to successfully clean up the contamination | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
18 | Nathan McClintock | July 24, 2015 | A critical physical geography of urban soil contamination | Lead | Elsevier | Oakland, CA | No | No | Yes | Looked at impacts on human health and low-income populations of color, sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
19 | Alkon, Alison Hope, Agyeman, Julian | 2011 | Cultivating Food Justice | Urban food | Project Muse | Oakland, CA | No | No | No | Yes | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
20 | Nathan McClintock | 2012 | Assessing soil lead contamination at multiple scales in Oakland, California: Implications for urban agriculture and environmental justice | Lead | Elsevier | Oakland, CA | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | Yes | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
21 | Heather McIlvaine-Newsad, Rob Porter | January 1, 2013 | How Does Your Garden Grow? Environmental Justice Aspects of Community Gardens | Community garden | Journal of Ecological Anthropology | West-central IL | No | No | No | Yes | Local low-income residents sought space to grow food with “no fertilizer, no chemicals” | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
22 | Nathan McClintock, Christiana Miewald, Eugene McCann | September 1, 2020 | Governing urban agriculture: Formalization, resistance, and re-visioning in two ‘green’ cities | Urban food | International Journal of Urban and Regional Research | Portland, OR; Vancouver, BC | No | No | No | No | Young gardeners cleaned up an illegal dumping site and tested soil for contamination. | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
23 | Rebecca G. Mitchell, Henry M. Spliethoff, Lisa N. Ribaudo, Donna M. Lopp, Hannah A. Shayler, Lydia G. Marquez-Bravo, Veronique T. Lambert, Gretchen S. Ferenz, Jonathan M. Russell-Anelli, Edie B. Stone, Murray B. McBride | January 9, 2014 | Lead (Pb) and other metals in New York City community garden soils: Factors influencing contaminant distributions | Lead, barium, cadmium, zinc | Elsevier | New York City, NY | Yes | Want to have knowledge | Want to know if their gardens contain contaminants | Limited resources, cost of testing | Yes | Yes | Sampled soil | No | Gardeners address contamination in ways of taking precaution to reduce contamination, such as using raised beds and clean compost | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
24 | Editorial board: Kyle Clarke, Patrick Byrne, Ellen Field, Kathy Haras, Ryan Howard, Zabe MacEachren, Mitchell McLarnon, Amanda Merpaw, Peter Vooys, Bob Henderson | Fall 2018 | Pathways | Lead | The Ontario Journal of Outdoor Education | Toledo, OH | No | No | No | No | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
25 | Sheila A. Martin,Tia Henderson, Meg Merrick, Elizabeth Mylott, Kelly Haines. Colin Price, Amy Koski, and Rebecca Dann | October 2008 | Planting Prosperity and Harvesting Health: Trade-offs and Sustainability in the Oregon-Washington Regional Food System | Institute of Portland Metropolitan Studies | OR; WA | No | No | No | No | Mentions contamination in gardens causing health risks and food borne illnesses | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
26 | Chiara Certomà & Chiara Tornaghi | September 4, 2015 | Political gardening. Transforming cities and political agency | Community gardens | Local Environment - The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability | Dublin, Ireland; Belfast, Ireland; Leeds, England; Plymouth, England; West Midlands, England; Cologne, Germany; Toronto, Canada; Los Angeles, CA; New York, NY | No | No | No | No | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
27 | Leona F. Davis, and Mónica D. Ramírez-Andreotta | February 2021 | Participatory Research for Environmental Justice: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis | Environmental justice, human health | Environmental Health Perspectives | Unknown | No | No | No | Yes | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
28 | Monica D Ramirez-Andreotta, MPA, PhD, Mark L Brusseau, PhD, Janick Artiola, PhD, Raina M Maier, PhD, and A Jay Gandolfi, PhD | January 2015 | Building a co-created citizen science program with gardeners neighboring a superfund site: The Garden Roots case study | Arsenic | Int Public Health J. | Dewey-Humboldt, AZ | No | Want to have knowledge | Want to know whether cinder blocks in a raised garden bed contributed to arsenic to their soil | No | Yes | Sampled soil, irrigation water, and vegetables | Yes | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
29 | Huiying Ng | January 2019 | Recognising the edible urban commons: Cultivating latent capacities for transformative governance in Singapore | Urban food | Urban Studies | Singapore | No | No | No | No | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
30 | Emily Reisman & Madeleine Fairbairn | November 19, 2020 | Agri-Food Systems and the Anthropocene | Annals of the American Association of Geographers | Unknown | No | No | No | No | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
31 | Chiara Tornaghi & Barbara Van Dyck | October 1, 2014 | Research-informed gardening activism: steering the public food and land agenda | Urban food | Local Environment The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability | Leeds, UK | No | No | No | No | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
32 | Kristin Reynolds | 2014 | Disparity Despite Diversity: Social Injustice in New York City’s Urban Agriculture System | Social justice, urban agriculture | Antipode Foundation Ltd. | New York City, NY | No | No | No | Yes | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
33 | Salvatore Engel-Di Mauro | 2020 | The troubling and troublesome worlds of urban soil trace element contamination baselines | Arsenic, lead | EPE: Nature and Space | New Paltz, NY; New York City, NY; Sacramento, CA | No | Want to have knowledge | Pollutant exposure potential | Access to education on contamination processes, and the means of environmental monitoring, as well as overcoming histories and current practices of environmental racism | No | No | Yes | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
34 | Saed | November 2, 2012 | Urban Farming: The Right to What Sort of City? | Capitalism Nature Socialism | No | No | Yes | Looks at impacts on human health | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
35 | Salvatore Engel-Di Mauro and George Martin | 2022 | Urban Food Production for Ecosocialism | Soil contamination | Routledge Publishing | New York, NY, San Francisco, CA | No | Access to both public and private resources | No | Yes | Looks at impacts on biophysical processes | Yes | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
36 | Christopher J. Schell, Karen Dyson, Tracy L. Fuentes, Simone Des Roches, Nyeema C. Harris, Danica Sterud Miller, Cleo A. Woelfle-Erskine, Max R. Lambert | September 18, 2020 | The ecological and evolutionary consequences of systemic racism in urban environments | Environmental justice | Science Magazine | Unknown | No | No | No | Yes | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
37 | J.J. Steffana,b, E.C. Brevika, L.C. Burgessa, and A. Cerdàc | January 2018 | The effect of soil on human health: an overview | Heavy metals | HHS Public Access | Unknown | No | No | Yes | Looks at impacts on human health | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
38 | Melanie Malone | November 22, 2020 | Teaching critical physical geography | Soil contamination | Journal of Geography in Higher Education | Bothell, WA | No | No | Yes | Conducted interviews with urban gardeners asking various questions and inquiring about their knowledge of contamainationion in their gardens, collected soil samples | Yes | Gardeners had limited knowledge of contamination in their soil, but expressed concerns about how regulations and environmental justice initiatives did not adequately protect gardeners from contaminant concentrations that exceeded concentrations that are dangerous to human health. | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
39 | J.J. Steffana,b, E.C. Brevika, L.C. Burgessa, and A. Cerdàc | January 2018 | The effect of soil on human health: an overview | Lead, arsenic, cadmium. nitrate, radionuclides, mercury | HHS Public Access | Dickinson, ND | No | No | Yes | Looks at impacts on human health and soil security | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
40 | Michel Pimbert, Rachel Shindelar, Hanna Schössler | 2015 | Think Global, Eat Local | Urban gardening | Rachel Carson Center Perspectives | Unknown | No | No | No | Yes | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
41 | Zahra Sobhani, Yunlong Luo, Christopher Gibson, Youhong Tang, Ravi Naidu, Mallavarapu Megharaj, Cheng Fang | October 1, 2021 | Collecting Microplastics in Gardens: Case Study of Soil | Microplastics | Frontiers in Environmental Science | Bellevue Heights, South Australia | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
42 | Sara Perl Egendorf, Henry Spliethoff, Hannah Shayler, Jonathan Russell-Anelli, Zhongqi Cheng, Anna Hemming Minsky, Thomas King, Murray McBride | May 15, 2021 | Soil lead (Pb) and urban grown lettuce: Sources, processes, and implications for gardener best management practices | Lead | Journal of Environmental Management | Ithaca, NY | No | No | Yes | Sampled vegetables and soil | Yes | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
43 | Marek Rouillona, Paul J. Harvey, Louise J. Kristensen, Steven G. George, Mark P.Taylor | March 2017 | VegeSafe: A community science program measuring soil-metal contamination, evaluating risk and providing advice for safe gardening | Lead, leaded paint, petrol | Environmental Pollution | Sydney, Australia | Yes | Have knowledge | Prior to the soil testing performed in this study gardeners were not said to have knowledge of contamination. VegeSafe offers free testing, so gardeners have access to knowledge if they so desire. | No | Yes | Sampled soil, looked at human health impacts | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
44 | Pecina, Vaclav; Brtnicky, Martin; Balkova, Marie; Hegrova, Jitka; Buckova, Martina; | July 17, 2021 | Assessment of Soil Contamination with Potentially Toxic Elements and Soil Ecotoxicity of Botanical Garden in Brno, Czech Republic: Are Urban Botanical Gardens More Polluted Than Urban Parks? | Lead, cadmium, zinc | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | Brno, Czech Republic | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
45 | Engel-Di Mauro, Salvatore | September 25, 2015 | An exploratory study of potential As and Pb contamination by atmospheric deposition in two urban vegetable gardens in Rome, Italy | Arsenic, lead | Journal of Soils and Sediments | Rome, Italy | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and vegetables | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
46 | Sarah Lupolt, Raychel E. Santo, Keeve E. Nochman, Brent F. Kim, Carrie Green, Eton Codling, Ana M. Rule, Rui Chen, Kirk G Scheckel, Abby Cocke, Mariya Strauss, Neith G. Little, Valerie C. Rupp, Rachel Viqueira, Jotham Illuminati, Audrey Epp Schmidt | November 2021 | The Safe Urban Harvests Study: A Community-Driven Cross-Sectional Assessment of Metals in Soil, Irrigation Water, and Produce from Urban Farms and Gardens in Baltimore, Maryland | Arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, nickel | Environmental Health Perspectives | Baltimore, MD | No | Want to have knowledge | Want to know the relationship between metals in soil and urban-grown produce, the risks of consuming urban-grown produce in comparison with non urban grown produce, and whether the current guideline of measuring metals in soil is adequately protective for children | No | Yes | Sampled soil, conducted surveys asking about site history, previous contaminant testing, growing practices (including the use of imported soil), and the numbers of participants and volunteers on site | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
47 | Nafiu Abdu,John O Agbenin,Andreas Buerkert | August 4, 2011 | Phytoavailability, human risk assessment and transfer characteristics of cadmium and zinc contamination from urban gardens in Kano, Nigeria | Zinc, Cadmium | Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture | Kano, Nigeria | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and vegetables | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
48 | Roberta Ferria, Dana Hashim, Donald R. Smith, Stefano Guazzetti, Filippo Donna, Enrica Ferrettie, Michele Curatolo, Caterina Moneta, Gian Maria Beone, Roberto G. Lucchini | June 15, 2015 | Metal contamination of home garden soils and cultivated vegetables in the province of Brescia, Italy: Implications for human exposure | Manganese, lead, zinc, copper, cadmium, chromium, iron, aluminum | Science of The Total Environment | Brescia, Italy | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and vegetables | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
49 | Saiki, Mitiko; Saldiva, Paulo H. N.; Mauad, Thais; Amato-Lourenco, Luís F; Saldiva, Paulo H N | November 13, 2017 | Influence of Air Pollution and Soil Contamination on the Contents of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Vegetables Grown in Urban Gardens of Sao Paulo, Brazil | Contaminated soil | Frontiers in Environmental Science | São Paulo, Brazil | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and vegetables | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
50 | Roger Wong, Leah Gable, Zorimar Rivera-Nunez | December 23, 2017 | Perceived Benefits of Participation and Risks of Soil Contamination in St. Louis Urban Community Gardens | Heavy metals | Journal of Community Health | St. Louis, MO | No | No | Yes | Conducted surveys to assess how demographics, gardening practices, and garden characteristics were associated with soil contamination concerns | No | Gardeners of color were more concerned about contamination than those of white gardeners. | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
51 | Slavica Kandic, Susanne J. Tepe, Ewan W. Blanch, Shamali De Silva, Hannah G. Mikkonen, Suzie M. Reichman | August 2019 | Quantifying factors related to urban metal contamination in vegetable garden soils of the west and north of Melbourne, Australia | Lead, cadmium | Environmental Pollution | Melbourne, Australia | No | No | Yes | Sampled vegetables and soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
52 | Montano-Lopez, Fernando; Biswas, Asim | May 28, 2021 | Are heavy metals in urban garden soils linked to vulnerable populations? A case study from Guelph, Canada | Lead, cadmium, zinc, arsenic, selenium | Scientific Reports | Guelph, ON | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil, looked at impacts on public health and vulnerable populations | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
53 | Kyle M. Moller, James G. Hartwell, Bridget R. Simon-Friedt, Mark J. Wilson, and Jeffrey K. Wickliffe | June 20, 2018 | Soil contaminant concentrations at urban agricultural sites in New Orleans, Louisiana: A comparison of two analytical methods | Soil Contamination, arsenic, lead | Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development | New Orleans, LA | No | Want to have knowledge | Gardeners’ concerns relating to possible soil contamination at urban agricultural sites can possibly prevent them from developing a site themselves. Gardeners want to know if their soil is contaminated. | Access to testing, limited ability to interpret soil contamination test results | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | One study referenced stated that many gardeners had a wide range of information on soil contamination and testing, but many gardeners are unaware that testing should be done prior to growing. | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
54 | Paltseva, Anna; Cheng, Zhongqi; Deeb, Maha; Groffman, Peter M.; Shaw, Richard K.; Maddaloni, Mark | November 1, 2018 | Accumulation of arsenic and lead in garden-grown vegetables: Factors and mitigation strategies | Arsenic, lead | Science of The Total Environment | NJ | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and vegetables | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
55 | Tara Geiger and Urszula Norton | June 22, 2021 | Effects of Garden Amendments on Soil Available Lead and Plant Uptake in a Contaminated Calcareous Soil | Lead | Applied Sciences | WY | No | Want to have knowledge | Want to know about contamination and soil testing | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
56 | Martin R. Dawson, Mike Hutchins, Nuria Bachiller-Jareno, and Steven Loiselle | November 9, 2018 | The spatial and temporal variation of water quality at a community garden site in an urban setting: citizen science in action | Urban agriculture | Freshwater Science | Kingston Upon Thames, London | No | Want to have knowledge | Want to know how outside influences affected water quality on the site, such as being located near a highway | No | Yes | Conducted surveys to gain insight into cultivation practices, sampled water | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
57 | Zhang, Xiaokai; He, Lizh; Sarmah, Ajit; Lin, Kunde; Liu, Yingkun; Li, Jianwu; Wang, Hailong | November 2014 | Retention and release of diethyl phthalate in biochar-amended vegetable garden soils. | Soil contamination | Journal of Soils & Sediments: Protection, Risk Assessment, & Remediation | Hangzhou, China | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
58 | B.G. Rawlins, R.M. Lark, K.E. O’Donnell, A.M. Tye, T.R. Lister | December 2005 | The assessment of point and diffuse metal pollution of soils from an urban geochemical survey of Sheffield, England | Metals | Soil Use and Management | Sheffield, England | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
59 | P.D. Alexander, B.J. Alloway, A.M. Dourado | December 2006 | Genotypic variations in the accumulation of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn exhibited by six commonly grown vegetables | Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc | Environmental Pollution | Woking, UK; Surrey, UK | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and vegetables | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
60 | Antoine Pierart, Camille Dumat, Arthur QuyManh Maes, Nathalie Sejalon-Delmas | January 2018 | Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on antimony phyto-uptake and compartmentation in vegetables cultivated in urban gardens | Metals | Chemosphere | France | No | No | Yes | Sampled vegetables | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
61 | Andrew M. McDonough, Adam W. Bird, Lindsay M. Freeman, Michael A. Luciani, Aaron K. Todd | September 15, 2021 | Fate and budget of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in three common garden plants after experimental additions with contaminated river water | Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances | Environmental Pollution | No | No | Yes | Sampled water, plants and soils, looked at human health impacts | No | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
62 | Baby Shaharoona, Said Al-Ismaily, Ahmed Al-Mayahi, Nadhira Al-Harrasi, Ruqaiya Al-Kindi, Abdullah Al-Sulaimi, Hamad Al-Busaidi, Mohammed Al-Abri | May 2019 | The role of urbanization in soil and groundwater contamination by heavy metals and pathogenic bacteria: A case study from Oman | Heavy metals | Heliyon | A'Seeb city, Oman | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and groundwater, conducted surveys to know the residents' perceptions about urban gardening, municipal-waste disposal, and soil and water contamination. | No | Most of surveyed gardeners were unaware of any soil contaminants. Others believed that the soil might contain some contaminants. | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
63 | Ciaran L. Gallagher, Hannah L. Oettgen, and Dan J. Brabander | 2020 | Beyond community gardens: A participatory research study evaluating nutrient and lead profiles of urban harvested fruit | Lead | Elementa Science of the Anthropocene | Boston, Cambridge, and Somerville, MA | No | No | Yes | Sampled fruit and soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
64 | Kristen Kathleen Minca; Nicholas Thomas Basta | February 2013 | Comparison of plant nutrient and environmental soil tests to predict Pb in urban soils | Heavy metals | Science of the Total Environment | Cleveland, OH | No | Cost of testing | No | Yes | Sampled soil | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
65 | Jane A. Entwistle, Patrick M. Amaibi, John R. Dean, Michael E. Deary, Daniel Medock, Jackie Morton, Ilia Rodushkin, Lindsay Bramwell | January 2019 | An apple a day? Assessing gardeners' lead exposure in urban agriculture sites to improve the derivation of soil assessment criteria | Lead | Environment International | UK | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil, crops, and blood | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
66 | Marie Hechelski, Brice Louvel, Pierrick Dufrénoy, Alina Ghinet, Christophe Waterlot | October 1 2019 | A sustainable approach to manage metal-contaminated soils: a preliminary greenhouse study for the possible production of metal-enriched ryegrass biomass for biosourced catalysts | Copper, Lead, Zinc, Cadmium | Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | Northern France | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
67 | Sabrina Novaes dos Santos-Araujo & Luís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni | January 16, 2016 | Concentrations of potentially toxic elements in soils and vegetables from the macroregion of São Paulo, Brazil: availability for plant uptake | Cadmium, Copper, Zinc, Lead, Nickel | Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | São Paulo, Brazil | No | No | Yes | Sampled vegetables and soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
68 | Mary E.Finster, Kimberly A.Gray, Helen J.Binns | August 13 2003 | Lead levels of edibles grown in contaminated residential soils: a field survey | Lead | Science of the Total Environment | Chicago, IL | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and plants | No | The study makes recommendations for gardeners to reduce or eliminate the potential risks associated with urban gardening. | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
69 | Jianing Gao, Dan Zhang, Ram Proshad, Ernest Uwiringiyimana, Zifa Wang | November 24, 2021 | Assessment of the pollution levels of potential toxic elements in urban vegetable gardens in southwest China | Urban gardens, heavy metals | Scientific Reports | Chengdu City, China | No | No | Yes | Sampled vegetables and soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
70 | Mark Patrick Taylor, Cynthia F. Isley, Kara L. Fry, Xiaochi Liu, Max M. Gillings, Marek Rouillon, Neda S. Soltani, Damian B. Gore, Gabriel M. Filippelli | April 30, 2021 | A citizen science approach to identifying trace metal contamination risks in urban gardens | Lead | Environmental International | Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne, Hobart, Adelaide, and Perth AU | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil, conducted surveys to better understand the efficacy of VegeSafe’s engagement | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
71 | Lauren Bugdalski, Lawrence D. Lemke, and Shawn P. McElmurry | April 24, 2013 | Spatial Variation of Soil Lead in an Urban Community Garden: Implications for Risk-Based Sampling | Lead, urban gardens | Risk Analysis | Detroit, Michigan | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
72 | Luís Fernando Amato-Lourenco, Debora Jã A Lobo, Eliane T Guimarães, Tiana Carla Lopes Moreira, Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira, Mitiko Saiki, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva, Thais Mauad | January 1, 2017 | Biomonitoring of genotoxic effects and elemental accumulation derived from air pollution in community urban gardens | Community gardens, pollution | Science of the Total Environment | São Paulo, Brazil | No | No | Yes | Sampled tree bark, looked at human health impacts | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
73 | W. K. Al-Delaimy & M. Webb | April 21, 2017 | Community Gardens as Environmental Health Interventions: Benefits Versus Potential Risks | Heavy metals | Food, Health, and the Environment | Flint, MI | No | Lack of access to information | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | Surveys referenced showed that a handful of gardeners were aware of contamination, however the majority of gardeners are unaware. | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
74 | Heather F. Clark , Debra M. Hausladen, Daniel J. Brabander | July 2008 | Urban gardens: Lead exposure, recontamination mechanisms, and implications for remediation design | Lead | Environmental Research | Roxbury, MA; Dorchester, MA | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
75 | Phillip P. Defoe, Ganga M. Hettiarachchi, Christopher Benedict, and Sabine Martin | September 9, 2014 | Safety of Gardening on Lead- and Arsenic-Contaminated Urban Brownfield | Lead, Arsenic | Journal of Environmental Quality | Seattle, WA; Tacoma, WA | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and plants | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
76 | M. Izquierdo, E. De Miguel, M.f. Ortega J. Mingat | September 2015 | Bioaccessibility of metals and human health risk assessment in community urban gardens | Cadmium, Cobalt, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Nickel, Lead and Zinc | Environmental Geochemistry Research and Engineering Laboratory | Madrid, Spain | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
77 | Murray B. McBride, Hannah A. Shaylera, Henry M. Spliethoff, Rebecca G. Mitchell, Lydia G. MarquezBravob, Gretchen S. Ferenzc, Jonathan M. Russell-Anellia, Linda Caseyc, and Sharon Bachman | August 2014 | Concentrations of lead, cadmium and barium in urban garden-grown vegetables: the impact of soil variables | Metals, urban gardens | Environmental Pollution | New York City, NY; Buffalo, NY | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and vegetables | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
78 | Kirsten Schwarz, Bethany B. Cutts, Jonathan K. London and Mary L. Cadenasso | February 2016 | Growing Gardens in Shrinking Cities: A Solution to the Soil Lead Problem? | Lead, urban gardens | Sustainability | Sacramento, CA | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil, conducted surveys and interviews regarding the issue of soil lead and gardens | Yes | Gardeners know to test their soil, but do not always know that they need to request lead measurements. | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
79 | Lorraine Weller Clarke, G. Darrel Jenerette, Daniel J. Bain | November 29, 2014 | Urban legacies and soil management affect the concentration and speciation of trace metals in Los Angeles community garden soils | Lead, Arsenic, Cadmium | Environmental Pollution | Los Angeles, CA | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
80 | Jodi Lynn Sangster, Andrew Nelson, Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt | Spring 2012 | The occurrence of Lead in Soil and Vegetables at a Community Garden in Omaha, Nebraska | Lead | International Journal for Service Learning in Engineering | Omaha, NE | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and vegetables | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
81 | Brett Merkley | May 2019 | Sources and Pathways of Lead Contamination in Urban Community Gardens in Toledo, Ohio | Heavy metals | Graduate College of Bowling Green State University | Toledo, OH | No | Lack of knowledge and funding | No | Yes | Sampled soil, looked at human health impacts | No | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
82 | Anna A. Paltseva, Zhongqi Cheng, Sara Perl Egendorf, Peter M. Groffman | March 16, 2020 | Remediation of an urban garden with elevated levels of soil contamination | Lead, Arsenic | Science of the Total Environment | Brooklyn, NY | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and plants | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
83 | Landscape and Urban Planning | May 11, 2018 | The effect of site- and landscape-scale factors on lead contamination of leafy vegetables grown in urban gardens | Lead | Landscape and Urban Planning | Daejeon, Korea | No | No | Yes | Sampled vegetables, looked at landscape-scale environmental impacts on lead levels, surveyed gardeners about their perceived risk of contamination | No | Majority of gardeners perceived the safety of urban vegetables to be unrelated to the lead content of the vegetable. Majority of gardener understanding of contamination is through the use of chemical pesticides. Only 4.8% of surveyed gardeners perceived their soil unsafe. | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
84 | M. Bastien, A. Vaniscotte, B. Combes, G. Umhang, V. Raton, E. Germain, I. Villena, D. Aubert, F. Boué, M.-L. Poulle | December 28, 2018 | Identifying drivers of fox and cat faecal deposits in kitchen gardens in order to evaluate measures for reducing contamination of fresh fruit and vegetables | Contaminated soil | Food and Waterborne Parasitology | North-eastern France | No | No | Yes | Sampled fecal matter | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
85 | Chong Wei Jin, Shao Jian Zheng, Yun Feng He, Gen Di Zhou, Zhong Xian Zhou | November 22, 2004 | Lead contamination in tea garden soils and factors affecting its bioavailability | Lead | Chemosphere | China | No | No | Yes | Sampled tea leaves | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
86 | Rufus Chaney | 1984 | The Potential for Heavy Metal Exposure From Urban Gardens and Soils | Lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel | Academia | Baltimore, MD | No | No | Yes | Sampled vegetables and soils | No | Health officials have advised gardeners in this area to add limestone to garden soils, and require developers to remove the contaminated surface soil when new homes are constructed | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
87 | Rupert L. Hough, Neil Breward, Scott D. Young, Neil M. J. Crout, Andrew M. Tye, Ann M. Moir, and Iain Thornton | February 2004 | Assessing potential risk of heavy metal exposure from consumption of home-produced vegetables by urban populations | Cadmium, copper, nickel, zinc, lead | Environmental Health Perspectives | West Midlands, UK | No | No | Yes | Sampled soils | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
88 | N. V. Rud | January 2015 | CROWN DEFOLIATION OF TILIA CORDATA MILL. AS AN INDICATOR OF AIR POLLUTION LEVELS IN LANDSCAPE GARDEN AREAS WITHIN CITY ENVIRONMENT | Nitrogen dioxide and sulfur | Studia Biologica | Ukraine | No | No | Yes | Assessed the impact of pollutants on vegetation | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
89 | Murray B. McBride, Hannah A. Shaylera, Henry M. Spliethoff, Rebecca G. Mitchell, Lydia G. MarquezBravo, Gretchen S. Ferenz, Jonathan M. Russell-Anelli, Linda Casey, and Sharon Bachman | May 2007 | CHARACTERIZATION OF GARDEN SOIL POLLUTION IN THE MINING VILLAGE OF STRATONI, N GREECE | Lead, zinc, copper, cadmium, magnesium, iron | National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment | Stratoni, Greece | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
90 | D. PURVES, E. JEAN MACKENZIE | October, 1973 | EFFECTS OF APPLICATIONS OF MUNICIPAL COMPOST ON UPTAKE OF COPPER, ZINC AND BORON BY GARDEN VEGETABLES | Copper, zinc, boron | Plant and Soil | Scotland | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
91 | Angela Mathee, Tahira Kootbodien, Thandi Kapwata, Nisha Naicker | August 8, 2018 | Concentrations of arsenic and lead in residential garden soil from four Johannesburg neighborhoods | Metals | Environmental Research | Johannesburg, Africa | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
92 | Zs. Szolnoki, A. Farsang, I. Puskás | February 9, 2013 | Cumulative impacts of human activities on urban garden soils: Origin and accumulation of metals | Heavy metal | Environmental Pollution | Szeged, Hungary | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil, looked at the impact of traffic emission on metal contents | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
93 | Ariadne Argyraki, Efstratios Kelepertzis | March 21, 2014 | Urban soil geochemistry in Athens, Greece: The importance of local geology in controlling the distribution of potentially harmful trace elements | Metals and metalloids | Science of the Total Environment | Athens, Greece | No | No | Yes | Sampled surface soil, conducted a sampling survey covering the Greater Athens and Piraeus area, looked at the impact of large cities on the chemical dispersion of harmful trace elements in soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
94 | Aurélie Pelfrêne, Karin Sahmer, Christophe Waterlot, Francis Douay | October 23, 2018 | From environmental data acquisition to assessment of gardeners’ exposure: feedback in an urban context highly contaminated with metals | Metals | Environmental Science and Pollution Research | Northern France | Yes | Have knowledge | After the study, personalized interviews were conducted to warn about contamination in their gardens. Gardeners showed awareness of the health issue and the motivation to change certain practices. Prior to the study, gardeners were said not to have knowledge of contamination but did express concerns. | No | Yes | Sampled soil and vegetables, conducted door-to-door survey of gardeners' practices, assessed safer gardening practices | No | The article provided a long list of advice for safer gardening, however no evidence was provided that gardeners implemented the advice | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
95 | Sophie Joimel, Jérôme Cortet, Jean Noël Consalès, Philippe Branchu, Claire-Sophie Haudin, Jean Louis Morel & Christophe Schwartz | September 22, 2020 | Contribution of chemical inputs on the trace elements concentrations of surface soils in urban allotment gardens | Heavy metals | Journal of Soils and Sediments | France | No | No | Yes | Sampled topsoil, conducted a survey among gardeners to discover gardening practices | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
96 | Amina Aboubakar, Ahmed Douaik, Yvette Clarisse Mfopou Mewouo, Raymond Charly Birang A. Madong, Abdelmalek Dahchour, Souad El Hajjaji | January 14, 2021 | Determination of background values and assessment of pollution and ecological risk of heavy metals in urban agricultural soils of Yaoundé, Cameroon | Heavy metals | Journal of Soils and Sediments | Yaoundé, Cameroon | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
97 | Ryad Bouzouidja, Béatrice Béchet, Jitka Hanzlikova, Michal Sněhota, Cécile Le Guern, Hervé Capiaux, Liliane Jean-Soro, Rémy Claverie, Sophie Joimel, Christophe Schwartz, René Guénon, Flora Szkordilisz, Barnabas Körmöndi, Marjorie Musy, Patrice Cannavo, Thierry Lebeau | July 30, 2020 | Simplified performance assessment methodology for addressing soil quality of nature-based solutions | Pesticide residues, trace metals | Journal of Soils and Sediments | Nantes, France; Nancy, France; Bustehrad, France | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil, looked at impacts of nature based solutions | Yes | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
98 | Lewis Fausak, Autumn D. Watkinson, Kimberley Dy, Les Lavkulich | April 30, 2021 | Assessment of metal contamination in soil and vegetation along the Arbutus Greenway in Vancouver, British Columbia | Metals | Plant Soil | Vancouver, British Columbia | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil and vegetation | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
99 | K.L. Fry, M.M. Gillings, C.F. Isley, P. Gunkel-Grillon, Mark Patrick Taylor | June 28, 2021 | Trace element contamination of soil and dust by a New Caledonian ferronickel smelter: Dispersal, enrichment, and human health risk | Metals | Environmental Pollution | Noum´ea, New Caledonia | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil, looked at environmental impact and subsequent human health risk of smelters | No | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
100 | Shiying Yu, Zhoulun Chen, Keli Zhao, Zhengqian Ye, Luyao Zhang, Jiaqi Dong, Yangfeng Shao, Chaosheng Zhang and Weijun Fu | January 16, 2019 | Spatial Patterns of Potentially Hazardous Metals in Soils of Lin’an City, Southeastern China | Metals, urban soi, ecological risk | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | Lin’an City, China | No | No | Yes | Sampled soil | No | 1 |