A | B | C | H | K | L | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | |
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1 | COVID-19 Superspreader Events | ||||||||||||||||||
2 | As compiled by Jonathan Kay | ||||||||||||||||||
3 | jon@quillette.com | ||||||||||||||||||
4 | For more information, see: https://quillette.com/2020/04/23/covid-19-superspreader-events-in-28-countries-critical-patterns-and-lessons/ | ||||||||||||||||||
5 | |||||||||||||||||||
6 | COUNTRY | AREA | INDEX CASE(S) IF KNOWN | CONTEXT, AS DESCRIBED | SAMPLE SOURCE | DATE OF EVENT | INDEX DATE | DAY OF YEAR | ACTIVITY CATEGORY | ||||||||||
7 | |||||||||||||||||||
8 | 43831 | ||||||||||||||||||
9 | Australia | Melbourne, Victoria | Retail hospitality | https://www.msn.com/en-au/video/sport/coronavirus-victoria-super-spreader-linked-to-major-clusters/vp-BB12s03X | Hospitality | ||||||||||||||
10 | Australia | Stanwell Tops, NSW | Possible US visitor via LV | Wedding | https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-03-20/coronavirus-case-numbers-linked-to-nsw-south-coast-wedding-rises/12074280 | 6-Mar | 6-Mar | 66 | Party | ||||||||||
11 | Australia | Queenstown | "Overseas exposure" | World Hereford Conference | https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/rural/2020/03/coronavirus-24-cases-confirmed-from-world-hereford-conference.html | March 9-13 | 11-Mar | 71 | Professional Networking | ||||||||||
12 | Austria | Ischgl | "Barkeeper" | Aprés-Ski Events | https://jcm.asm.org/content/jcm/early/2020/04/03/JCM.00588-20.full.pdf | Late Febr/Early March | Party/Ski | ||||||||||||
13 | Brazil | Bahia state | "Guest" | Wedding | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-rio/a-brazilian-woman-caught-coronavirus-on-vacation-her-maid-is-now-dead-idUSKBN21B1HT | Early March | 10-Mar | 70 | Party | ||||||||||
14 | Brazil | Rio | Presumed intl guests | Engagement party | https://epoca.globo.com/sociedade/coronavirus-se-alastra-entre-convidados-de-noivado-na-alta-sociedade-carioca-24324313 | 7-Mar | 7-Mar | 67 | Party | ||||||||||
15 | Brazil | Rondônia | Two parties | https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-52289264 | March 11-13 | 12-Mar | 72 | Party | |||||||||||
16 | Brazil | São Paulo | Bday party | https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-52196526 | 13-Mar | 13-Mar | 73 | Party | |||||||||||
17 | Brazil | Ceara | Bday lunch | 7-Mar | 7-Mar | 67 | Party | ||||||||||||
18 | Canada | Calgary, Alberta | "Pastor from Singapore" | Group prayer in local home | https://calgaryherald.com/news/local-news/calgary-man-fights-for-his-life-as-family-quarantined-with-covid-19/ | 6-Mar-20 | 6-Mar | 66 | Religious | ||||||||||
19 | Canada | St. John's, Newfoundland | Funerals | https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/n-l-announces-32-new-covid-19-cases-woman-arrested-for-disobeying-isolation-order-1.4867889 | March 15-17 | 16-Mar | 76 | Funeral | |||||||||||
20 | Canada | Mission Institution, B.C. | Outbreak at Mission Institution prison | https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/covid-19-update-april-23-1.5540350 | April | Mass Residential | |||||||||||||
21 | Canada | Racine | Street hockey game with 20 people | https://www.lapresse.ca/covid-19/202004/03/01-5267955-le-rendez-vous-de-racine-une-partie-de-hockey-a-lorigine-dune-eclosion.php | 29-Feb | 29-Feb | 60 | Sports Participation | |||||||||||
22 | Canada | Vancouver, B.C. | Professional trade conference | https://bc.ctvnews.ca/covid-19-exposure-dentist-who-attended-vancouver-convention-has-died-1.4866424 | March 5-7 | 6-Mar | 66 | Professional Networking | |||||||||||
23 | Canada | B.C., Lower Mainland | Poultry processing plants | https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/covid-19-update-april-23-1.5540350 | April | Meat Processing | |||||||||||||
24 | Canada | Edmonton | "Recent visitor to Las Vegas" | Curling | https://calgaryherald.com/news/local-news/u-of-c-doctors-test-positive-for-covid-19-cases-linked-to-edmonton-curling-bonspiel/ | March 11-14 | 12-Mar | 72 | Sports Participation | ||||||||||
25 | Canada | Christopher Lake | Lakeland Snowmobile Club Wilderness Rally supper | saskatoon.ctvnews.ca/she-handled-tickets-and-cash-at-a-snowmobile-rally-supper-then-she-tested-positive-for-covid-19-1.4880217 | March 14 | March 14 | 74 | Party | |||||||||||
26 | Canada | High River, Alberta | Meat processing | https://globalnews.ca/news/6840440/coronavirus-worker-concerns-high-river-cargill-plant/ | March/April | Meat Processing | |||||||||||||
27 | Charles de Gaulle | At sea | Warship | https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-52308073 | Ship at Sea | ||||||||||||||
28 | China | Huai’an | Local swimmer | Use of swimming facility | https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1262785/coronavirus-chinese-scientists-covid-19-high-temperatures | January | Sports Participation | ||||||||||||
29 | Diamond Princess | At sea | Cruise ship | https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6912e3.htm | February 7–23 | 15-Feb | 46 | Ship at Sea | |||||||||||
30 | Estonia | Saaremaa | Chanpagne festival, Volleyball Championship | https://www.hs.fi/ulkomaat/art-2000006479600.html | 4-Mar | 4-Mar | 64 | Sports Audience | |||||||||||
31 | Finland | Sipoo | Party | https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000006464211.html | "Early March" | Party | |||||||||||||
32 | Finland | Levi | Ski resort | https://yle.fi/uutiset/osasto/news/multiple_coronavirus_cases_linked_to_lapland_ski_resorts_to_close_next_week/11268683 | "Early March" | 10-Mar | 70 | Party/Ski | |||||||||||
33 | Finland | "Southern Finland" | Wedding | https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000006464211.html | Early March | Party | |||||||||||||
34 | Finland | Vuokatti, Kainnu | Italian vball players | "Freeform gathering"/x-country ski | https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-11295992 | Early-mid march | 10-Mar | 70 | Party/Ski | ||||||||||
35 | France | Contamines-Montjoie | Steve Walsh | Use of ski facility | https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/11/europe/steve-walsh-uk-coronavirus-patient-intl-gbr/index.html | January 24-28 | 26-Jan | 26 | Party/Ski | ||||||||||
36 | France | Mulhouse | Group prayer, face-to-face networking | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-france-church-spec/special-report-five-days-of-worship-that-set-a-virus-time-bomb-in-france-idUSKBN21H0Q2 | Mid-February | 15-Feb | 46 | Religious | |||||||||||
37 | France | Crépy-en-Valois | High School | https://www.lepoint.fr/sante/coronavirus-tests-serologiques-enfin-les-premiers-resultats-en-france-23-04-2020-2372616_40.php | School | ||||||||||||||
38 | Germany | Birkenfeld | Cattle slaughterhouse | https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/corona-infektionen-fleischbetrieb-unter-quarantaene-16729300.html | Meat Processing | ||||||||||||||
39 | Germany | Frankfurt | Baptist church prayer | https://www.hessenschau.de/gesellschaft/ueber-100-covid-19-infektionen-gottesdienst-besucher-sangen-und-trugen-keine-schutzmasken,corona-ausbruch-baptisten-reaktion-gemeinde-100.html | May 10 | 10-May | 131 | Religious | |||||||||||
40 | Germany | Groenlo | Vion slaughterhouse | https://www.nieuweoogst.nl/nieuws/2020/05/25/bij-vion-groenlo-dragers-coronavirus-zonder-klachten | Early May | 1-May | 122 | Meat Processing | |||||||||||
41 | Germany | Gangelt | 4-hour-event. Live music, ritualized kissing. | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/09/the-cluster-effect-how-social-gatherings-were-rocket-fuel-for-coronavirus | 15-Feb-20 | 15-Feb | 46 | Party/Festival | |||||||||||
42 | Grand Princess | At sea | Cruise ship | https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6912e3.htm | February 11-21 | 15-Feb | 46 | Ship at Sea | |||||||||||
43 | Hong Kong | Kwun Tong | Communal hot-pot meal | https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/3049917/can-hotpot-meal-infect-you-coronavirus-hong-kong | January 26 | 26-Jan | 26 | Party | |||||||||||
44 | India | Punjab | Baldev Singh | Group prayer | https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/least-40-000-quarantined-india-after-single-priest-spread-coronavirus-n1171261 | Religious | |||||||||||||
45 | India | South Delhi | Group prayer, minitry instruction | https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/04/tablighi-jamaat-event-india-worst-coronavirus-vector-200407052957511.html | March 8-13 | 10-Mar | 70 | Religious | |||||||||||
46 | Isreal | Jerusalem | Outbreak at school | https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/three-teachers-in-jerusalem-school-test-positive-for-coronavirus-629574 | Late May | 20-May | 141 | School | |||||||||||
47 | Italy | Codogno | "Matia" | https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-8050705/Trail-Italian-coronavirus-super-spreader-Marathon-runner-38-heart-crisis-Europe.html | February, 2020 | Party | |||||||||||||
48 | Italy | Milan | Soccer game attendance | https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-soccer-match-that-kicked-off-italys-coronavirus-disaster-11585752012 | 19-Feb | 19-Feb | 50 | Sports Audience | |||||||||||
49 | Jamaica | Portmore | Call center | http://financetnt.com/31-of-32-new-coronavirus-cases-in-jamaica-linked-to-alorica-call-center-government-announces-criminal-investigation/ | March/April | Call Center | |||||||||||||
50 | Japan | Osaka | Concert / Dancing | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/26/world/asia/japan-coronavirus.html | Mid-February | 14-Feb | 45 | Music / Singing | |||||||||||
51 | Malaysia | Kuala Lampur | Mass religious rally | https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2020/04/583127/sri-petaling-tabligh-gathering-remains-msias-largest-covid-19-cluster | Feb 27-March 1 | 29-Feb | 60 | Religious | |||||||||||
52 | Malaysia | Hisham Hamdan | Business meetings | https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/health-environment/article/3073991/im-not-patient-zero-malaysias-26th-coronavirus-patient | Late February | Professional Networking | |||||||||||||
53 | Myanmar | Yangon | Religious gatherings | https://www.irrawaddy.com/specials/myanmar-covid-19/pastors-arrested-holding-gatherings-amid-myanmars-covid-19-restrictions.html | Late March & early April | 1-Apr | 92 | Religious | |||||||||||
54 | Mexico/Texas | Spring break | https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/austin-spring-breakers-coronavirus-trnd/index.html | Mid-March | Party | ||||||||||||||
55 | Netherlands | Kessel | Fundaising music performance in small community | https://www.maurice.nl/2020/04/23/the-super-spread-event-on-march-5th-in-kessel/ | March 5 | March 5 | 65 | Music / Singing / Party | |||||||||||
56 | Netherlands | Heerde | Choir Practice | https://www.omroepgelderland.nl/nieuws/2448308/Koor-Heerde-verloor-zes-leden-aan-corona-40-procent-werd-ziek | March 9 | March 9 | 69 | Music / Singing | |||||||||||
57 | Netherlands | Amsterdam | Choir recital | https://www.trouw.nl/verdieping/die-ene-passion-die-wel-doorging-met-rampzalige-gevolgen~b4ced33e/ | March 8 | March 8 | 68 | Music / Singing | |||||||||||
58 | New Zealand | Bluff | AIR NZ flight atteandant | Wedding | https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12325403 | 21-Mar | 21-Mar | 81 | Party | ||||||||||
59 | New Zealand | Marist College, Auckland | School | https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12325403 | March | School | |||||||||||||
60 | New Zealand | Matmata | "Overseas exposure" | St Patrick's Day party | https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12325506 | 17-Mar | 17-Mar | 77 | Party | ||||||||||
61 | New Zealand | Auckland | "Private function" | ||||||||||||||||
62 | New Zealand | Wellington | Wedding | Party | |||||||||||||||
63 | New Zealand | Christchurch | https://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/diseases-and-conditions/covid-19-novel-coronavirus/covid-19-current-situation/covid-19-current-cases/covid-19-significant-clusters | ||||||||||||||||
64 | Pakistan | Lahore | Mass religious rally | https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/.premium-how-pakistan-became-a-coronavirus-super-spreader-to-the-muslim-world-1.8708783 | March 11-15 | 13-Mar | 73 | Religious | |||||||||||
65 | Panshi | Ship at Sea | Taiwanese ship on goodwill tour | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/22/taiwan-navy-races-to-trace-700-sailors-on-pacific-goodwill-tour-after-covid-19-cases-emerge | April | Ship at Sea | |||||||||||||
66 | Qatar | Industrial Area | Residential compound | https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/04/08/qatar-south-asian-migrant-workers-cant-afford-coronavirus-lockdown-world-cup-2022/ | 11-Mar | 11-Mar | 71 | Mass Residential | |||||||||||
67 | Ruby Princess | At sea | Crew member serving food | Cruise ship | https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-04-20/ruby-princess-passengers-says-overseas-ignored-after-coronavirus/12162942 | Mid-march | 15-Mar | 75 | Ship | ||||||||||
68 | Singapore | SAFRA Jurong restaurant | Singing, celebration | https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/health/patients-in-safra-jurong-cluster-had-more-than-just-a-dinner-in-common | 15-Feb | 15-Feb | 46 | Music / Singing / Party | |||||||||||
69 | Singapore | Punggol, Westlite Toh Guan Dormitory and Toh Guan Dormitories | Dorimtory residences for foreign workers | https://co.vid19.sg/singapore/ | Mass Residential | ||||||||||||||
70 | Singapore | Grand Hyatt hotel | Servomex corporate meeting | https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/four-overseas-cases-of-novel-coronavirus-linked-to-singapore-12404674 | Late January | Professional Networking | |||||||||||||
71 | Singapore | Yong Thai Hang health producs shop | Emlpoyees and shop | https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/coronavirus-after-2-cases-yong-thai-hang-health-products-shop-in-lavender-closed-as-more | Late January | Shop employees | |||||||||||||
72 | Singapore | Seletar Aerospace Heights | Construction workers | https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/covid19-coronavirus-construction-seletar-aerospace-heights-halt-12449426 | February | Industrial | |||||||||||||
73 | Singapore | Grace Assembly of God | Church | https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/health/we-were-shunned-by-some-says-grace-assembly-pastor | February | Religious | |||||||||||||
74 | Singapore | Rock Climbing Gym(s) | Rock climbing | https://ca.news.yahoo.com/covid-19-gym-says-two-more-cases-linked-to-it-ceases-operations-for-now-072953316.html | February/March | Sports Participation | |||||||||||||
75 | Singapore | The Life Church and Missions Singapore | Church | https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/health/covid-19-first-death-in-singapore-was-from-life-church-and-missions-cluster | February | Religious | |||||||||||||
76 | Singapore | PCF Sparkletots preschool | Preschool | https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/new-covid-19-cases-pcf-sparkletots-fengshan-mar-25-12574708 | March | School | |||||||||||||
77 | South Africa | Bloemfontein, Free State | Multiple goup prayer sessions, shared meals | https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200409-how-a-pro-israel-spiritual-diplomacy-event-became-a-covid-19-super-spreader-in-south-africa/ | March 10-11 | 10-Mar | 70 | Religious | |||||||||||
78 | South Africa | Nelson Mandela Bay | Funeral | https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/2020-04-18-how-eastern-cape-funeral-drove-infection-spike/ | 21-Mar | 21-Mar | 81 | Funeral | |||||||||||
79 | South Korea | Daegu | "Patient 31" | Prayer, medical visits | https://graphics.reuters.com/CHINA-HEALTH-SOUTHKOREA-CLUSTERS/0100B5G33SB/index.html | Feb 9-17 | 15-Feb | 46 | Religious | ||||||||||
80 | South Korea | Itaewon district of Seoul | 29-year-old | Multiple bar visits | https://torontosun.com/news/world/south-korean-super-spreader-linked-to-54-new-cases-after-one-night-of-partying | April 29-May 6 | May 3 | 124 | Party | ||||||||||
81 | South Korea | Cheonan | Zumba class instructional event, lasting 4 hours | https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/18/health/fitness-classes-coronavirus-korea-wellness/index.html | Early March | March 3 | 63 | Sports Participation | |||||||||||
82 | South Korea | Bucheon | Logistics Center | https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20200528001954320?section=news | Late May | May 20 | 141 | Distribution Center | |||||||||||
83 | South Korea | Seoul | Call center | https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/3074781/coronavirus-new-clusters-emerge-south-korea-cases-reach-7869 | Early March | Call Center | |||||||||||||
84 | South Korea | Dance School | https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/3074781/coronavirus-new-clusters-emerge-south-korea-cases-reach-7869 | Dancing | |||||||||||||||
85 | Spain | Vitoria-Gasteiz | Funeral | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/07/spanish-town-faces-police-lockdown-to-contain-coronavirus | Late February | 25-Feb | 56 | Funeral | |||||||||||
86 | United Kingdom | North Cheltenham | 3-day horse racing event | https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/news/cheltenham-news/leaked-map-shows-postcode-next-4071259 | March 10-13 | 11-Mar | 71 | Sports Audience | |||||||||||
87 | United States | Chicago, Illinois | "A1.1" (CDC designation) | Potluck meal; collective grieving at funeral, embracing | https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/pdfs/mm6915e1-H.pdf?utm_campaign=wp_the_daily_202&utm_medium=email&utm_source=newsletter&wpisrc=nl_daily202 | February, 2020 | Funeral | ||||||||||||
88 | United States | Chicago, Illinois | "A1.1" (CDC designation) | Birthday party | https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/us-man-covid-19-spread-chicago-social-distancing-12623618 | February, 2020 | Party | ||||||||||||
89 | United States | Boston, Massachusetts | Biogen corporate health-care conference | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/12/us/coronavirus-biogen-boston-superspreader.html | Feb 26-27 | 26-Feb | 57 | Professional Networking | |||||||||||
90 | United States | Westport, Connecticut | 40th birthday party | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/23/us/coronavirus-westport-connecticut-party-zero.html | 5-Mar | 5-Mar | 65 | Party | |||||||||||
91 | United States | Princeton, NJ | Party | https://planetprinceton.com/2020/03/18/single-party-in-princeton-linked-to-most-of-confirmed-coronavirus-cases-in-the-mercer-county-region/ | 29-Feb | 29-Feb | 60 | Party | |||||||||||
92 | United States | Albany, Georgia | Two funerals | https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/what-the-coronavirus-is-doing-to-rural-georgia | February 29, March 7 | 3-Mar | 63 | Funeral | |||||||||||
93 | United States | Maine | "Traveling salesperson" | Business meetings | https://www.wmtw.com/article/maine-cdc-documents-so-called-coronavirus-super-spreader/32107107 | March | Networking | ||||||||||||
94 | United States | Washington State, Skagit County | Singing, with singers spaces two feet apart | https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2020-03-29/coronavirus-choir-outbreak | 10-Mar | 10-Mar | 70 | Singing | |||||||||||
95 | United States | New Rochelle, New York | "New Rochelle lawyer" | Sabbath services, funeral, Bar Mitzvah | https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/10/us/new-rochelle-coronavirus/index.html | Funeral / Religious / Party | |||||||||||||
96 | United States | Ketchum, Idaho | Ski area party | https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/why-an-idaho-ski-destination-has-one-of-the-highest-covid-19-rates-in-the-nation?utm_source=nl&utm_brand=tny&utm_mailing=TNY_Daily_040320&utm_campaign=aud-dev&utm_medium=email&bxid=5e131aeff543e673ba4f186f&cndid=59592169&hasha=7ca42d2e51c4a90226cf766520127ec1&hashb=8f3ce700dc0c18a86665e16bb9ce729b029bf146&hashc=c00e3587eb839c0f85e8e5754295983c16fad656454664db52fa15142346ec2d&esrc=Auto_Subs&utm_term=TNY_Daily | 6-Mar | 6-Mar | 66 | Party | |||||||||||
97 | United States | Detroit, Michigan | Marlowe Stoudamire (?) | Networking, group meal | https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2020/03/28/coronavirus-detroit-police-pancake-breakfast/2931224001/ | 6-Mar | 6-Mar | 66 | Networking | ||||||||||
98 | United States | CHIIŁCHINBII’TÓ, Ariz. | Chilchinbeto Church of the Nazarene Zone Rally | https://navajotimes.com/coronavirus-updates/two-deaths-in-western-may-have-been-covid-virus-spread-at-church-rally/ | 7-Mar | Religious | |||||||||||||
99 | United States | Denver | 83 yr old woman | Bridge group | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/29/us/coronavirus-bridge-colorado-springs.html?referringSource=articleShare | March 13 | 13-Mar | 73 | Boardgames | ||||||||||
100 | United States | Sioux Falls, S.D. | Pork processing | https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2020/04/13/smithfield-foods-close-sioux-falls-plant-indefinetly-amid-covid-19-outbreak/2982640001/ | March/April | Meat Processing |