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2 | 613 Mitzvot Applied Today | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | Below is a list of the 613 mitzvot (commandments). It is based primarily on the list compiled by Mammonides in the Mishneh Torah Mammonides's list is probably the most widely accepted list, but it is not the only one. The order is my own, as are the explanations of how some rules are derived from some biblical passages. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | For each mitzvah, I have provided a citation to the biblical passage or passages from which it is derived, based primarily on Mammonides. For commandments that can be observed today, I have also provided citations to the Chafetz Chayim's Concise Book of Mitzvot (CCA refers to affirmative commandments; CCN refers to negative commandments; CCI refers to commandments that only apply in Israel). Commandments that cannot be observed today primarily relate to the Temple, its sacrifices and services (because the Temple does not exist) and criminal procedures (because the theocratic state of Israel does not exist). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | 366 | 101 | 134 | 47 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | Category | Applies Today | In Current Law | In Church Teaching | Observed by Society | Commandment | ||||||||||||||||||||
7 | Business Practices | A | X | X | X | Not to do wrong in buying or selling (Lev. 25:14) (CCN47). | ||||||||||||||||||||
8 | Dietary Laws | A | X | X | Not to eat of things that creep upon the earth (Lev. 11:41-42) (CCN97). | |||||||||||||||||||||
9 | Dietary Laws | A | X | X | Not to eat any vermin of the earth (Lev. 11:44) (CCN100). | |||||||||||||||||||||
10 | Dietary Laws | A | X | X | Not to eat or drink like a glutton or a drunkard (not to rebel against father or mother) (Lev. 19:26; Deut. 21:20) (CCN106). | |||||||||||||||||||||
11 | Business Practices | A | X | X | Not to take part in any usurious transaction between borrower and lender, neither as a surety, nor as a witness, nor as a writer of the bond for them (Ex. 22:24) (CCN53). | |||||||||||||||||||||
12 | The Poor and Unfortunate | A | X | X | To give charity according to one's means (Deut. 15:11) (CCA38). | |||||||||||||||||||||
13 | Marriage Divorce and Family | A | X | X | Not to withhold food, clothing or conjugal rights from a wife (Ex. 21:10) (CCN42). | |||||||||||||||||||||
14 | Marriage Divorce and Family | A | X | X | That the woman suspected of adultery shall be dealt with as prescribed in the Torah (Num. 5:30) (affirmative). | |||||||||||||||||||||
15 | Marriage Divorce and Family | A | X | X | To divorce by a formal written document (Deut. 24:1) (affirmative). | |||||||||||||||||||||
16 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to indulge in familiarities with relatives, such as kissing, embracing, winking, skipping, which may lead to incest (Lev. 18:6) (CCN110). | |||||||||||||||||||||
17 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's mother (Lev. 18:7) (CCN112). | |||||||||||||||||||||
18 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit sodomy with one's father (Lev. 18:7) (CCN111). | |||||||||||||||||||||
19 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's father's wife (Lev. 18:8) (CCN113). | |||||||||||||||||||||
20 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's sister (Lev. 18:9) (CCN127 | |||||||||||||||||||||
21 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's father's wife's daughter (Lev. 18:11) (CCN128). | |||||||||||||||||||||
22 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's son's daughter (Lev. 18:10) (CCN119) (Note: CC treats this and the next as one commandment; however, Rambam treats them as two). | |||||||||||||||||||||
23 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's daughter's daughter (Lev. 18:10) (CCN119) (Note: CC treats this and the previous as one commandment; however, Rambam treats them as two). | |||||||||||||||||||||
24 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's daughter (this is not explicitly in the Torah but is inferred from other explicit commands that would include it) (CCN120 | |||||||||||||||||||||
25 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's fathers sister (Lev. 18:12) (CCN129). | |||||||||||||||||||||
26 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's mother's sister (Lev. 18:13) (CCN130). | |||||||||||||||||||||
27 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's father's brothers wife (Lev. 18:14) (CCN125). | |||||||||||||||||||||
28 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit sodomy with one's father's brother (Lev. 18:14) (CCN114). | |||||||||||||||||||||
29 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's son's wife (Lev. 18:15) (CCN115). | |||||||||||||||||||||
30 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's brother's wife (Lev. 18:16) (CCN126). | |||||||||||||||||||||
31 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's wife's daughter (Lev. 18:17) (CCN121 | |||||||||||||||||||||
32 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with the daughter of one's wife's son (Lev. 18:17) (CCN122). | |||||||||||||||||||||
33 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with the daughter of one's wife's daughter (Lev. 18:17) (CCN123). | |||||||||||||||||||||
34 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to commit incest with one's wife's sister (Lev. 18:18) (CCN131). | |||||||||||||||||||||
35 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | Not to have intercourse with a beast (Lev. 18:23) (CCN117). | |||||||||||||||||||||
36 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | X | That a woman shall not have intercourse with a beast (Lev. 18:23) (CCN118). | |||||||||||||||||||||
37 | Business Practices | A | X | X | Not to exact a pledge from a debtor by force (Deut. 24:10) (CCN59). | |||||||||||||||||||||
38 | Business Practices | A | X | X | Not to commit fraud in measuring (Lev. 19:35) (CCN83). | |||||||||||||||||||||
39 | Employees Servants and Slaves | A | X | X | Not to treat a Hebrew servant rigorously (Lev. 25:43) (negative). | |||||||||||||||||||||
40 | Treatment of Gentiles | A | X | X | Not to wrong the stranger in buying or selling (Ex. 22:20) (CCN50). | |||||||||||||||||||||
41 | God | A | X | To know that G-d exists (Ex. 20:2; Deut. 5:6) (CCA1). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
42 | God | A | X | Not to entertain the idea that there is any god but the Eternal (Ex. 20:3) (CCN8). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
43 | God | A | X | Not to blaspheme (Ex. 22:27; in Christian texts, Ex. 22:28), the penalty for which is death (Lev. 24:16) (negative). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
44 | God | A | X | To hallow G-d's name (Lev. 22:32) (CCA5). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
45 | God | A | X | Not to profane G-d's name (Lev . 22:32) (CCN155). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
46 | God | A | X | To know that G-d is One, a complete Unity (Deut. 6:4) (CCA2). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
47 | God | A | X | To love G-d (Deut. 6:5) (CCA3). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
48 | God | A | X | To fear Him reverently (Deut. 6:13; 10:20) (CCA4). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
49 | God | A | X | Not to put the word of G-d to the test (Deut. 6:16) (negative). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
50 | God | A | X | To imitate His good and upright ways (Deut. 28:9) (CCA6). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
51 | Torah | A | X | To honor the old and the wise (Lev. 19:32) (CCA17). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
52 | Torah | A | X | To learn Torah and to teach it (Deut. 6:7) (CCA14). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
53 | Torah | A | X | To cleave to those who know Him (Deut. 10:20) (the Talmud states that cleaving to scholars is equivalent to cleaving to Him) (CCA16). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
54 | Torah | A | X | Not to add to the commandments of the Torah, whether in the Written Law or in its interpretation received by tradition (Deut. 13:1) (CCN159). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
55 | Torah | A | X | Not to take away from the commandments of the Torah (Deut. 13:1) (CCN160) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
56 | Torah | A | X | That every person shall write a scroll of the Torah for himself (Deut. 31:19) (CCA15) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
57 | Signs and Symbols | A | X | To circumcise the male offspring (Gen. 17:12; Lev. 12:3) (CCA47) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
58 | Prayer and Blessings | A | X | To pray to G-d (Ex. 23:25; Deut. 6:13) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
59 | Prayer and Blessings | A | X | To recite grace after meals (Deut. 8:10) (CCA13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
60 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | To love all human beings who are of the covenant (Lev. 19:18) (CCA60). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
61 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | Not to stand by idly when a human life is in danger (Lev. 19:16) (CCN82). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
62 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | Not to wrong any one in speech (Lev. 25:17) (CCN48).. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
63 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | Not to carry tales (Lev. 19:16) (CCN77).. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
64 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | Not to cherish hatred in one's heart (Lev. 19:17) (CCN78. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
65 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | Not to take revenge (Lev. 19:18) (CCN80). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
66 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | Not to bear a grudge (Lev. 19:18) (CCN81). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
67 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | Not to put any Jew to shame (Lev. 19:17) (CCN79). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
68 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | Not to curse any other Israelite (Lev. 19:14) (by implication: if you may not curse those who cannot hear, you certainly may not curse those who can) (CCN45). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
69 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | Not to give occasion to the simple-minded to stumble on the road (Lev. 19:14) (this includes doing anything that will cause another to sin) (CCN76). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
70 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | To rebuke the sinner (Lev. 19:17) (CCA72). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
71 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | To relieve a neighbor of his burden and help to unload his beast (Ex. 23:5) (CCA70).. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
75 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | To assist in replacing the load upon a neighbor's beast (Deut. 22:4) (CCA71 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
76 | Love and Brotherhood | A | X | Not to leave a beast, that has fallen down beneath its burden, unaided (Deut. 22:4) (CCN183).. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
77 | The Poor and Unfortunate | A | X | Not to afflict an orphan or a widow (Ex. 22:21) (CCN51). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
78 | Treatment of Gentiles | A | X | To love the stranger (Deut. 10:19) (CCA61). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
79 | Treatment of Gentiles | A | X | Not to wrong the stranger in speech (Ex. 22:20) (CCN49). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
80 | Marriage Divorce and Family | A | X | To honor father and mother (Ex. 20:12) (CCA41). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
81 | Marriage Divorce and Family | A | X | Not to smite a father or a mother (Ex. 21:15) (CCN44). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
82 | Marriage Divorce and Family | A | X | Not to curse a father or mother (Ex. 21:17) (CCN46). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
83 | Marriage Divorce and Family | A | X | To reverently fear father and mother (Lev. 19:3) (CCA42). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
84 | Marriage Divorce and Family | A | X | To be fruitful and multiply (Gen. 1:28) (CCA43). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
88 | Marriage Divorce and Family | A | X | That one who divorced his wife shall not remarry her, if after the divorce she had been married to another man (Deut. 24:4) (CCN134). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
89 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | Not to have intercourse with a woman, in her menstrual period (Lev. 18:19) (CCN132). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
90 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | Not to have intercourse with another man's wife (Lev. 18:20) (CCN124). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
91 | Forbidden Sexual Relations | A | X | Not to commit sodomy with a male (Lev. 18:22) (CCN116). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
92 | Times and Seasons | A | X | To sanctify Shabbat (Ex. 20:8) (CCA19). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
93 | Times and Seasons | A | X | Not to do work on Shabbat (Ex. 20:10) (CCN6). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
94 | Times and Seasons | A | X | To celebrate the festivals [Passover, Shavu'ot and Sukkot] (Ex. 23:14) (affirmative). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
95 | Times and Seasons | A | X | To rejoice on the festivals (Deut. 16:14) (CCA21). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
96 | Times and Seasons | A | X | To appear in the Sanctuary on the festivals (Deut. 16:16) (affirmative). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
97 | Business Practices | A | X | To lend to a poor person (Ex. 22:24) (even though the passage says "if you lend" it is understood as obligatory) (CCA62). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
98 | Business Practices | A | X | Not to demand from a poor man repayment of his debt, when the creditor knows that he cannot pay, nor press him (Ex. 22:24) (CCN52). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
99 | Business Practices | A | X | Not to keep the pledge from its owner at the time when he needs it (Deut. 24:12) (CCN61). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
100 | Business Practices | A | X | To return a pledge to its owner (Deut. 24:13) (CCA63). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
101 | Business Practices | A | X | Not to take a pledge from a widow (Deut. 24:17) (CCN60). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
102 | Employees Servants and Slaves | A | X | To redeem a Hebrew maid-servant (Ex. 21:8) (affirmative). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
103 | Vows Oaths and Swearing | A | X | Not to swear needlessly (Ex. 20:7) (CCN29). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
104 | Vows Oaths and Swearing | A | X | To swear by His name truly (Deut. 10:20) (affirmative). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
105 | Vows Oaths and Swearing | A | X | Not to delay in fulfilling vows or bringing vowed or free-will offerings (Deut. 23:22) (CCN185). | ||||||||||||||||||||||
106 | Criminal Laws | A | X | Not to covet what belongs to another (Ex. 20:14) (CCN40). | ||||||||||||||||||||||