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PLTW Medical Interventions - Biomed ELA Pacing Guide (updated 05-25-22)
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Quarter 1
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1.1 The Mystery Infection

Goal/Focus of Unit: Autobiography, Formal Communications
Students will.....
• Create an autobiography and will recognize and use professional written and oral communication.


Common Vocabulary:
Medical interventions -- are any measure whose purpose is to improve health or alter the course of a disease
Outbreak -- A sudden rise in the incidence of a disease
Pathogen -- A specific causative agent of disease
Bioinformatics -- The collection, classification, storage, and analysis of biochemical and biological information using computers especially as applied in molecular genetics and genomics.
Genome --The complement of an organism’s genes; an organism’s genetic material
Primer -- A short piece of DNA or RNA that is complementary to a section of template strand and acts as an attachment and starting point for the synthesis strand during DNA replication
Antibody -- An antigen-binding immunoglobulin, produced by B cells, that functions as the effector in an immune response
Antigen -- A foreign macromolecule that does not belong to the host organism and elicits an immune response.
Concentration -- The amount of a specified substance in a unit amount of another substance
Solvent -- A substance, usually a liquid, capable of dissolving another substance
Solute -- A substance dissolved in another substance
Solution -- A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, which may be solids, liquids, gases, or a combination of these
ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay) -- A quantitative in vitro test for an antibody or antigen in which the test material is absorbed on a surface and exposed either to a complex of an enzyme linked to an antibody specific for the antigen or an enzyme linked to an anti-immunoglobulin specific for the antibody followed by reaction of the enzyme with a substrate to yield a colored product corresponding to the concentration of the test material.
Enzyme -- A protein serving as a catalyst; a chemical agent that changes the rate of reaction without being consumed by the reaction
Substrate -- The reactant on which an enzyme works
Serial dilution -- A stepwise dilution of a substance in solution
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CodeStandardDOKIntroduce (I)
Developing (D)
Master (M)
Reinforce (R)
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W.2.AFollow a writing process to create clear and coherent writing in which the development, style, organization, and voice are appropriate for the task, purpose, and audience. 3M
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W.1.AConduct research to answer a question or solve a problem. Gather multiple relevant and credible sources and avoid plagiarism by using standard citation format. 3M
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W.3.A.eUse technology including the internet to produce and publish writing, responding to feedback 4M
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W.2.AFollow a writing process to create clear and coherent writing in which the development, style, organization, and voice are appropriate for the task, purpose, and audience.4M
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W.3.A.cDemonstrate command of the English language conventions including spelling, grammar, usage, and punctuation. 3M
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W.1.AConduct research to answer a question or solve a problem. Gather multiple relevant and credible sources and avoid plagiarism by using standard citation format.3M
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1.2 Antibiotic Treatment

Goal/Focus of Unit: Cite Textual Evidence, Research
Students will...
• Cite textual evidence and draw conclusions from informational texts while conducting research.
• Explain the method of action for different classes of antibiotics.

Common Vocabulary:
Antibiotic -- A substance produced by or derived from a microorganism and able in dilute solution to inhibit or kill another microorganism.
Nucleoid -- The DNA-containing area of a bacterial cell
Plasmid -- A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome
Antibiotic Resistance -- Resistance to one or more antibiotics, usually due to additional genetic information.
Plasmid -- A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome.
Conjugation -- The one-way transfer of DNA between bacteria in cellular contact.
Transformation -- The uptake and expression of foreign DNA by a cell.
Transduction -- The transfer of genetic material from one organism (such as a bacterium) to another by a genetic vector.
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CodeStandardDOKIntroduce (I)
Developing (D)
Master (M)
Reinforce (R)
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RI.1.ADraw conclusions infer and analyze by citing relevant and thorough textual evidence...2M
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RI.1.DInterpret visual elements of a text and draw conclusions from them 2M
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W.1.AConduct research to answer a question or solve a problem. Gather multiple relevant and credible sources and avoid plagiarism by using standard citation format.4M
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W.2.AFollow a writing process to create clear and coherent writing in which the development, style, organization, and voice are appropriate for the task, purpose, and audience.4M
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W.3.A.cDemonstrate command of the English language conventions including spelling, grammar, usage, and punctuation.4M
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RI.1.BDetermine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text, including figurative, connotative, and content-specific meanings using context, affixes, or reference materials.
2M
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RI.1.CInterpret visual elements of a text and draw conclusions from them2M
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1.3 The Aftermath: Hearing Loss
Goal/Focus of Unit:
Students will.....
• Perform several simple tests, such as Rinne Test and the Pure Tone Test, to evaluate hearing.
• Interpret audiograms to identify different types of hearing loss.
• Recommend the most appropriate type of intervention for a patient with hearing loss, given the patient’s audiogram.


Common Vocabulary:
Sound -- Mechanical energy that is transmitted by longitudinal pressure waves in a medium (such as water or air).
Outer Ear -- The outer visible portion of the ear that collects and directs sound waves toward the tympanic membrane by way of a canal which extends inward through the temporal bone
Middle Ear -- The intermediate portion of the ear containing a chain of three ossicles that extends from the tympanic membrane to the oval window and transmits vibrations to the inner ear.
Inner Ear -- an essential part of the vertebrate organ of hearing and equilibrium that includes the vestibule,the semicircular canals, and the cochlea.
Sensorineural Hearing Loss -- Hearing loss or impairment resulting from problems with the auditory nerves.
Conductive Hearing Loss -- Hearing loss or impairment resulting from interference with the transmission of sound waves to the cochlea.
Audiogram -- A graphic representation of the relation of vibration frequency and the minimum sound intensity for hearing
Cochlear Implant -- An electrical prosthetic device that enables individuals with sensorineural hearing loss to recognize some sounds and that consists of an external microphone and speech processor that receive and convert sound waves into electrical signals which are transmitted to one or more electrodes implanted in the cochlea where they stimulate the auditory nerve.
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CodeStandardDOKIntroduce (I)
Developing (D)
Master (M)
Reinforce (R)
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RI.3.CEvaluate how an author's work reflects his/her cultural/historical perspective. 3M
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RI.1.ADraw conclusions infer and analyze by citing relevant and thorough textual evidence...3M
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RI.1.DExplain two or more central/main ideas in a text, analyze their
development throughout the text, and relate the central ideas to human nature and the world; provide an objective and concise summary of the text.

3M
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RI.2.DEvaluate an author's argument and reasoning for effectiveness, validity, logic, credibility,and relevance of the evidence
3M
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RI.1.CInterpret visual elements of a text and draw conclusions from them2M
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1.4 Vaccination
Goal/Focus of Unit:
Students will.....
• Describe how vaccines interact with the human immune system.
• Recognize that many diseases have been eradicated by large-scale vaccination campaigns.

Common Vocabulary:
Vaccine -- A harmless variant of a pathogen that stimulates a host’s immune system to mount defenses against the pathogen
Vaccination -- A procedure that presents the immune system with a harmless variant of a pathogen, thereby stimulating the immune system to mount a long-term defense against the pathogen.
Recombinant DNA -- A DNA molecule made in vitro with segments from different sources
Plasmid -- A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome.
Restriction enzyme -- A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA
Epidemiology -- A branch of medical science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population.
Epidemic -- Affecting an atypically large number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time
Cohort study -- A type of epidemiologic study where a group of exposed individuals (individuals who have been exposed to the potential risk factor) and a group of non-exposed individuals are followed over time to determine the incidence of disease.
Case-control study -- A type of epidemiologic study where a group of individuals with the diseases, referred to as cases, are compared to individuals without the disease, referred to as controls
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CodeStandardDOKIntroduce (I)
Developing (D)
Master (M)
Reinforce (R)
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RI.2.DEvaluate an author's argument and reasoning for effectiveness, validity, credibility, and relevance. 4D
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W.1.AConduct research to answer a question or solve a problem. Gather multiple relevant and credible sources and avoid plagiarism by using standard citation format.4D
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W.2.AFollow a writing process to create clear and coherent writing in which the development, style, organization, and voice are appropriate for the task, purpose, and audience.4D
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W.3.A.cDemonstrate command of the English language conventions including spelling, grammar, usage, and punctuation.4D
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