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Empowering Cities and Financing Climate Resilient Urban FuturesCities Climate Finance Gap Fund (GIZ/EIB); GCoM; ICLEI ReportPublishedJun , 2025This report highlights the impact of the Gap Fund’s partnerships with the Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy (GCoM) and ICLEI–Local Governments for Sustainability in supporting cities at the critical pre-feasibility stage, where projects often struggle to advance due to limited capacity and challenges in accessing finance. https://www.globalcovenantofmayors.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Gap-Fund-Report.pdf
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CDP Briefing on City Project AggregationCDP, GCoMBriefPublishedSep , 2025This briefing, prepared by CDP in partnership with the Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy (GCoM), outlines the benefits and challenges of project aggregation, provides practical guidance to local governments, and features insights from data disclosed to CDP-ICLEI Track in 2024.https://assets.ctfassets.net/v7uy4j80khf8/2XOGsAeBlZkWkVOiAoo9ec/0d28fb001213d6a2776e198c12c400fd/CDP_Project_Aggregation_Guide_2025.pdf
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Under Pressure, Overdue: The Portfolio Approach and Financing Cities for ResilienceResilient Cities Network and Tokio Marine Group ReportPublishedOct , 2025he Portfolio Approach set out in the report defines six practices that make this possible: holistic planning, stakeholder coordination, capital allocation, data-driven strategies, project management, and transparency. Together they provide the structure that investors, insurers, and communities need to mobilize resources at scale.https://resilientcitiesnetwork.org/under-pressure-overdue-the-portfolio-approach-and-financing-cities-for-resilience/
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Report of the COP30 Circle of Finance Ministers on the Baku to Belem Roadmap to 1.3TCOP30 Circle of Finance MinistersReportPublishedOct , 2025The report produced by the Brazilian coordination of the circle highlights challenges and makes practical recommendations in five priority areas for expanding climate finance:
1) Expansion of concessional finance and climate funds,
2) Reform of Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs),
3) Creation of country platforms and strengthening of domestic capacity to attract sustainable investments,
4) Development of innovative financial instruments for mobilizing private capital,
5) Strengthening of regulatory frameworks for climate finance.		https://cop30.br/en/news-about-cop30/report-of-the-cop30-circle-of-finance-ministers-launched-during-imf-and-world-bank-meetings
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Promoting Sustainable Urbanization for Global Environmental Goals: Learning from the GEF's Sustainable Cities ProgramGEFReportPublishedOct , 2025This report summarizes discussions from a workshop that focused on global urbanization trends and their links to climate, nature loss, and pollution; summarized insights from the GEF's Sustainable Cities Program; and identified key lessons, challenges, and opportunities for integrated sustainable urban development. The report summarizes strategic insights emerged from the discussions, offers concrete examples, and presents recommendations and key takeaways from the workshop for global uptake.https://www.thegef.org/newsroom/publications/promoting-sustainable-urbanization-global-environmental-goals-learning-gefs
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Urban Content in NDC 3.0 — A global snapshot for COP30UN-HabitatReportPublishedOct , 2025Prepared by UN-Habitat with the support of University of Southern Denmark, this new global snapshot looks in detail at how 67 countries incorporated urban climate strategies into their NDCs 3.0 – from how they describe risks and challenges, to what concrete climate responses they commit to in key urban sectors, and how those responses are expected to be implemented in practice. https://unhabitat.org/urban-content-in-ndc-30-a-global-snapshot-for-cop30
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Urban Climate Finance Highlights 2023-2025C40, GCoMReportPublishedNov , 2025This short end-of-year report shares a high level summary of some of the most important achievements from C40 and GCoM
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Mobilizing Private Capital for Resilient and Low-Carbon CitiesCCFLA, LOUIS-GIZPolicy BriefPublished Nov , 2025This policy brief aims to support cities in mobilizing private capital by understanding the factors that shape private investment, engaging the appropriate actors, and overcoming barriers to investment. This brief is the first in a three-part CCFLA series on de-risking private investment in cities for low-carbon, resilient infrastructure—the second report maps urban infrastructure guarantees, and the third examines the role of urban insurance as an enabler of private investment.https://citiesclimatefinance.org/publications/mobilizing-private-capital-for-resilient-and-low-carbon-cities
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Moving Past Pledges Towards Implementation: How Financing Climate Projects in Cities is Key to Achieving Global Climate GoalsCDP, GCoMGlobal SnapshotPublished Nov , 2025Developed in partnership with the Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy (GCoM), this global snapshot draws on CDP-ICLEI public data from over 1,100 disclosing cities, representing 20% of the world’s urban population. For the first time, this snapshot highlights city climate project disclosure trends from 2020 to 2024 as well as emerging insights from the 2025 reporting cycle.https://www.cdp.net/en/insights/moving-past-pledges-towards-implementation
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Report on the Baku to Belem Roadmap to 1.3TCOP29 Presidency and COP30 PresidencyReportPublishedNov , 2025The purpose of the “Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3T” is to provide a coherent action framework reflecting initiatives, concepts and leverage points to facilitate all actors coming together to scale up climate finance in the short to medium term. Scaling up climate finance has become a matter of necessity, not merely an enabler of ambition, as responding to climate change demands urgency, not incrementalism. The Roadmap is designed to serve as a basis and a force to accelerate implementation, transforming climate finance into a decisive instrument for securing a livable and just future.https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Relatorio_Roadmap_COP29_COP30_EN_final.pdf
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COP30 Local Leaders Forum Joint Outcome StatementBloomberg PhilanthropiesOutcome StatementPublishedNov , 2025The Statement—resulting from the COP30 Local Leaders Forum co-hosted by the COP30 Presidency and Bloomberg Philanthropies in Rio de Janeiro—outlines three clear offers to national governments at COP30: Partnering in implementation, unlocking finance, and making COP a process of implementation and accountability.https://www.bloomberg.org/cop30-local-leaders-forum/a-message-from-local-leaders-to-cop30/
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Catalyzing Aggregated Purchasing Power: The Role of Private and Public Intra-City Procurement for Advancing City Climate ActionCCFLA, Viable Cities, Green Transition InitiativeConcept NotePublished Nov , 2025This concept note introduces intra-city aggregated procurement as a systemic, innovative approach for cities to shape markets for climate-neutral and resilience enhancing materials, technologies and infrastructure.https://citiesclimatefinance.org/publications/catalyzing-aggregated-purchasing-power
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Banking the Last-Mile: A Casebook of Subnational Development Banks Delivering Local Climate Finance FMDVCasebookPublishedNov , 2025This Casebook systematizes the evidence of how SDBs are already localizing finance through innovative instruments, partnerships, and governance models. Developed under the coordination of FMDV and the Global Alliance, with the support of the European Union, ADEME - the French Agency for Ecological Transition and UCLG - United Cities and Local Governments, the study draws from member experiences in Africa and Latin America to showcase a first set of diverse operational models, financial instruments, and institutional mechanisms that prove the feasibility and necessity of localized finance.https://www.financeyourcities.org/sdbs-alliances/
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Delivering an integrated climate finance agenda in support of the Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3TIHLEGReportPublishedNov , 2025This report sets out a comprehensive and feasible pathway to mobilise US$1.3 trillion per year in external finance by 2035 for developing countries other than China, in support of a total investment requirement of US$3.2 trillion per year by 2035 to meet climate and development goals, in particular the Paris Agreement. Prepared by the Independent High-Level Expert Group on Climate Finance (IHLEG) at the request of the COP29 and COP30 Presidencies, it provides an analytical foundation for the Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3T. https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/publication/delivering-an-integrated-climate-finance-agenda-in-support-of-the-baku-to-belem-roadmap-to-1-3t/
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SPARK Best Practice Guide: Tactical urbanism interventions to improve active mobilityIKIReportPublishedDec , 2025The selected case studies cover a wide range of objectives, scales and actors—from neighborhood street redesigns to city- and region-wide programs, and from grassroots initiatives to government-led action. The guide supports local governments, practitioners and civil society organizations in replicating, adapting and scaling successful interventions that advance active mobility and more equitable urban environments.https://www.international-climate-initiative.com/en/iki-media/publication/spark-best-practice-guide-tactical-urbanism-interventions-to-improve-active-mobility-new6970ab4505ef8975477180/
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Mainstreaming climate adaptation in city financial planning and budgetingC40ReportPublishedJan , 2026This report offers a practical guide for cities to integrate climate adaptation into their financial planning and budgeting. It argues that climate risks are already creating financial losses and that resilience must be embedded across all levels of government decision-making. The report presents a structured framework of seven building blocks, ranging from multi-level integrated governance and risk assessments to budget processes and capital investment planning, that cities can use to systematically align adaptation with their financial systems.https://www.c40knowledgehub.org/s/article/Mainstreaming-climate-adaptation-in-city-financial-planning-and-budgeting?language=en_US
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A Sustainable Asset Valuation Assessment of Nature-Based Solutions in Kigali, Rwanda IISDReportPublishedJan , 2026The Scaling Urban Nature-based Solutions (NbS) for Climate Adaptation in Sub-Saharan Africa (SUNCASA) project was designed to address these challenges. This report aims to provide information in support of the longterm budgeting and financing discussions on NbS in Kigali. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2026-01/nature-based-solutions-kigali.pdf
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Investing in a cleaner future: A toolkit for citiesC40, GCoMToolkitPublishedFeb , 2026The guide maps out the key steps needed for city hall staff to join the clean investment movement.https://www.c40knowledgehub.org/s/article/Investing-in-a-cleaner-future-A-toolkit-for-cities?language=en_US
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Municipal finance playbook: Mobilizing local revenue to deliver climate action in U.S. citiesC40GuidePublishedFeb , 2026This guidebook outlines the financial tools available to local governments in the United States to fund climate adaptation and mitigation through innovative revenue generation and management. By focusing on ‘climate mainstreaming’, the guide provides a technical roadmap for leveraging core municipal processes – from utility rates to capital planning – to drive systemic change.https://www.c40knowledgehub.org/s/article/Municipal-finance-playbook-Mobilizing-local-revenue-to-deliver-climate-action-in-US-cities?language=en_US
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Catalysing partnerships to mobilise infrastructure financing and investment in low- and middle-income countriesFCDOLearning NotePublishedMar , 2026GCIEP’s engagement across the investment community spanning multiple low- and middle income countries shows that intentional ecosystem positioning, including with other UK government partners, can unlock greater capital flows. An ecosystem perspective recognises a continuum running from early stage project conception and government capacity building, through feasibility and design, to investor matching and transaction close, with each stage requiring distinct support mechanisms and financial structures.https://ukgreencitiesandinfrastructure.org/resource/catalysing-partnerships-to-mobilise-infrastructure-financing-and-investment-in-low-and-middle-income-countries/
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Making your city investable: A practical guide to green financeICLEIBriefPublishedMar , 2026This brief discusses the challenges and solutions available for cities to access green financing and the role of the ICLEI carbonn Climate Center Academy’s Green Finance Training program that is designed to help cities of all sizes strengthen the foundations of green finance.https://talkofthecities.iclei.org/making-your-city-investable-a-practical-guide-to-green-finance/
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Funding Systems Transformation in Cities: Lessons from DublinCenter for Public ImpactBlog PublishedMar , 2026This is the second blog in a series covering the activities of the TransCap Initiative and the Centre for Public Impact on piloting a systemic approach to urban climate finance with Dublin City Council. Find out more about the origins of this work in our first blog post, “Piloting Systemic Finance for City Climate Action”.Funding Systems Transformation in Cities: Lessons from Dublin - Centre for Public Impact
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Transforming the urban climate project preparation ecosystem: Emerging findings on how enhanced collaboration can deliver greater coherence, efficiency and impactThe Partnering InitiativeReportPublished Mar , 2026This report examines the urban climate project preparation ecosystem through the lens of partnership, diagnosing why so many climate projects stall before reaching implementation despite substantial support infrastructure.https://thepartneringinitiative.org/knowledge-centre/research-and-policy/transforming-the-urban-climate-project-preparation-ecosystem-emerging-findings-on-how-enhanced-collaboration-can-deliver-greater-coherence-efficiency-and-impact/
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What a Waste 3.0: Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management toward Circularity until 2050
The World BankReportPublishedMar , 2026To fully grasp the scale and urgency of today’s challenges, as well as the opportunities they present, the World Bank Group's What a Waste 3.0 report offers the most up-to date data and statistical analytics on global solid waste management. Drawing on the most recent publicly accessible data from 217 countries and economies and 262 cities, it provides a framework for understanding how different policy choices and levels of ambition could shape the future of global waste.https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/what-a-waste
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The Infrastructure Question No One Is Asking: Can It Be Insured?GIF, Aon, IFC, MIGAReportPublishedMar , 2026The white paper focuses on social infrastructure assets such as hospitals, schools, government buildings, and examines how insurers assess physical climate risks when underwriting new infrastructure projects, which resilience measures matter most for underwriting, and sets out practical ways for aligning project preparation practices with underwriting expectations to drive infrastructure performance, economic value and stability.https://www.globalinfrafacility.org/blogs/infrastructure-question-no-one-asking-can-it-be-insured
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Coalition for High-Ambition Multilevel Partnerships (CHAMP) for Climate Action: Summary of Activities Report 2025WRISummary ReportPublishedMar , 2026This 2025 CHAMP Summary of Activities Report takes stock of a pivotal year for multilevel climate action. As Parties prepared updated NDCs, CHAMP served as a platform for embedding stronger subnational content and advancing the principle of whole-of-society climate governance. This report captures how the coalition expanded its reach, mobilized finance, and positioned multilevel action at the center of global climate diplomacy.https://static1.squarespace.com/static/682db39181415f0e4458a642/t/69b819904595395794da3b6b/1773672848794/CHAMP+Summary+Activities+2025.pdf
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Unlocking UK climate adaptation finance: lessons from adaptation investment planningLSE Grantham Research Institute, the Environment Agency, Green Finance Institute, Love Design Studio, Paul Watkiss Associates and the University of Bath,Policy BriefPublishedApr , 2026This policy brief from the ATTENUATE project synthesises findings from a review of global knowledge on adaptation investment planning frameworks and enabling conditions to inform the development of a multi-level Adaptation Investment Framework (AIF) for the UK. The framework will provide a delivery and financing approach to help actors across all levels of government translate priorities in the UK Climate Change Risk Assessment (CCRA) and National Adaptation Programme (NAP) into pipelines of bankable adaptation projects and promote changes to the enabling environment.https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/publication/unlocking-uk-climate-adaptation-finance-lessons-from-adaptation-investment-planning/
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Adaptation Incentive Mechanism Database and Selection ToolSEI Asia, CLIMATEFITToolkitPublishedApr , 2026The Incentive Mechanism Database contains over 200 documented examples of government-led incentive mechanisms. Users can explore and filter the database by policy type, bankability domain, sector, target stakeholder, and climate objective (adaptation, mitigation, or both) to identify mechanisms that match their project’s specific financing barriers.https://climatefit-heu.eu/climatefit-launches-its-incentive-mechanism-database-and-selection-tool/
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Building the financial case for urban adaptation: Guidance and case studiesC40 CitiesReportPublishedApr , 2026This report is designed to help city project developers better understand what it takes to structure their adaptation initiatives for investment, particularly from private financiers. Drawing on interviews with financiers and an analysis of urban climate adaptation projects that successfully leveraged private investment, it identifies the conditions under which adaptation becomes bankable, helping to demonstrate the range of financing options available for climate-resilient urban infrastructure.https://www.c40knowledgehub.org/s/article/Building-the-financial-case-for-urban-adaptation-Guidance-and-case-studies?language=en_US
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A Toolkit for Adopting Ideas from Other Cities OECDToolkitPulishedApr , 2026This new OECD toolkit equips city leaders with 14 practical actions to identify, adapt and implement proven ideas for local success.To move from ad hoc to more effective idea
adoption, this report offers cities a practical toolkit structured around three key steps of the adoption process: putting in place the conditions that allow cities to learn from others, strengthening how they assess which ideas to pursue, and improving how they adapt and implement borrowed ideas in practice.		BP-toolkit.pdf
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Baku Call to Action: Housing the world - Safe and Resilient Cities and CommunitiesWUF, UN-HabitatOutcome DocumentPublishedApr , 2026Inspired by the action-oriented nature of the thirteenth session of the World Urban Forum (WUF13) held in Baku, Azerbaijan, the Baku Call to Action is the result of a collective, co-produced, equitable, and inclusive process. It presents a set of diverse contributions from stakeholders across sectors and spheres of governance, including civil society organizations, women, older persons, children and youth, Indigenous Peoples, professionals, academia, researchers, local and regional governments, persons with disabilities, parliamentarians, the private sector, and other actors working in the housing domain.wuf13_baku_call_to_action.pdf
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Systemic Readiness for Climate Action: Preparing for the IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and CitiesGIZ, UN-Habitat, GCoMPolicy PaperPuiblishedMay , 2026The forthcoming IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Cities (SRCities) represents a critical opportunity to reposition cities as central actors in global climate action. However, evidence from past IPCC cycles shows that scientific consensus alone does not drive change. Impact depends on whether governance systems, finance structures, and institutional capacities are prepared to translate knowledge into action. The policy paper makes the case that systemic preparation will be critical to ensure institutions are ready to operationalise SRCities findings, uptake them and turn them into policy processes at the scale necessary. This will be the decisive factor determining whether SRCities catalyses transformative urban climate action, and influences UNFCCC processes and supports achieving national climate plans, SDGs or whether it remains underutilisedhttps://www.giz.de/sites/default/files/media/pkb-document/2026-05/2605-ipcc-srcities.pdf
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A Pilot Policy Toolkit to Unlock the Potential of INtermediary Cities for Regional DevelopmentOECDToolkit Published 2026The OECD-EU project “Unlocking the potential of intermediary cities for regional development” aims to help better understanding the potential and challenges of intermediary cities, and guide cities and regional and national policymakers towards achieving balanced, sustainable and inclusive territorial development. Under the first phase of the project, extensive research was conducted to define and identify intermediary cities in OECD countries, deepening the understanding of functions that intermediary cities play, and analysing their economic performance. The second phase of the project used case studies to complement the analytical work of the first phase, by providing more granular, place-based analysis to shed light on the diverse geographical contexts.https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/support-materials/2026/06/unlocking-the-potential-of-intermediary-cities-for-regional-development_bce1685a/pilot-policy-toolkit-intermediary-cities-regional-development.pdf
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A Global Research and Action Agenda on Cities and Climate Change ScienceInnovate4Cities Initiative BookPublishedMay , 2026This open access book explores the dynamic interface of urban practice, transformation, and cities and climate change science. Beginning with the landmark 2018 Cities and Climate Change Science Conference, moving through the Innovate4Cities Conferences in 2021 and 2024, it shows how the evolution of the Global Research and Action Agenda for Cities and Climate Change Science (GRAA) has facilitated collaboration across disciplines and sectors and supported the exchange of knowledge and innovation between cities globally. Through a detailed record of how cities and climate change science have evolved, the book highlights actionable solutions and scalable interventions, while synthesizing lessons learned into effective strategies. This book offers evidence-based pathways for practitioners and researchers working toward resilient, and equitable urban development.A Global Research and Action Agenda on Cities and Climate Change Science: The Innovate4Cities Initiative | Springer Nature Link
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Unlocking urban climate finance: barriers and progress in African Cities iiedPolicy BriefPublishedMay , 2026Informal settlements across sub-Saharan Africa face escalating climate risks, despite contributing little to global emissions. Rapid urbanisation, poverty, weak infrastructure and exclusionary planning intensify communities’ vulnerability, while climate finance for the urban poor remains negligible. Drawing on research from Accra, Harare, Kampala, Lagos and Nairobi, this briefing examines barriers and progress towards climate finance access and outlines institutional, financial and partnership pathways to enable more inclusive, locally led urban climate action at scale globally.Unlocking urban climate finance: barriers and progress in African cities
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From Mitigation to Resilience: Why Local Adaptation Funds are the Next Frontier of Urban Climate Finance The Investment Bank for Earth Research Paper Published May , 2026Bankers without Boundaries (BwB) has published new research exploring how local adaptation funds can help cities mobilize finance for resilience investments. The paper argues that while adaptation is increasingly urgent, cities need dedicated financial vehicles to aggregate projects, blend public and private capital, and build the institutional capacity required to scale investment. It outlines how local adaptation funds can bridge the gap between municipal adaptation needs and capital markets, offering a framework for financing resilient urban infrastructure and strengthening long-term climate resilience.From Mitigation to Resilience: Why Local Adaptation Funds Are the Next Frontier of Urban Climate Finance | BwB Insights
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Gender Responsive, Solcially Inclusive, and Climate-resilient Infrastructure Global Center for Adaptation User GuidePublished May , 2026Developed in the context of Bangladesh’s growing climate risks and infrastructure needs, the guide provides practical recommendations for integrating gender equality, disability and social inclusion (GEDSI) considerations across the infrastructure lifecycle, from planning and design to delivery and long-term management. Grounded in field research and practitioner experience across Bangladesh, the publication highlights how climate hazards interact with social vulnerabilities, and why resilient infrastructure must address both physical and social resilience together. The release includes practical checklists, sector-specific overview tables covering energy, transport and social infrastructure, as well as case studies on cyclone shelters and railway infrastructure in Bangladesh.Gender Responsive, Socially Inclusive, and Climate-resilient Infrastructure - Global Center on Adaptation
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State of African Cities Report 2026: Harnessing the Value of Urban Land for Socioeconomic Transformation in African Cities UN-Habitat, Lincoln InstituteReportPublished 2026The report underscores that urbanization is one of the most powerful megatrends shaping Africa’s future. As cities expand rapidly, they offer a unique opportunity to connect people to jobs, services, and economic opportunities while improving productivity and quality of life.State of African Cities Report 2026: Harnessing the Value of Urban Land for Socioeconomic Transformation in African cities | UN-Habitat
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A Capacity Development Toolkit for Early-Stage Project PreparationCities Climate Finance Gap Fund (GIZ/EIB); ICLEI ToolkitPublshedJun , 2026The Toolkit is a practical, web-based resource designed to help city officials, project managers, and technical partners strengthen the early stages of sustainable infrastructure project preparation. It compiles twelve tools and templates developed and tested through the Gap Fund Step-Up (SUP) initiative — a joint effort led by ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability in collaboration with the City Climate Finance Gap Fund Technical Secretariat at the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH and the European Investment Bank (EIB).https://iclei.org/e-library/a-capacity-development-toolkit-for-early-stage-project-preparation/
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Urban Content in NDC 3.0: Cities at the CentreUN-HabitatReportPublishedJun , 2026Urban Content in NDC 3.0: Cities at the Centre is the most comprehensive global analysis to date of how cities feature in national climate plans. Drawing on 142 third-generation Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs 3.0) submitted by mid-April 2026, the report delivers findings across sectors, regions, income groups, and NDC revision cycles, at a scale and depth not previously possible. https://unhabitat.org/urban-content-in-ndc-30-cities-at-the-centre
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From National to Local Implementation: A collaborative, multilevel effort to achieve joint climate and biodiversity goalsIISD, GIZThematic PaperPublishedJun , 2026This thematic paper looks at the importance of multilevel governance for attaining climate and biodiversity goals, proceeding then to investigate what steps and mechanisms the CBD, UNFCCC, and Paris Agreement processes have created to ensure subnational state and non-state actors’ inclusion and engagement. It goes on to explore opportunities for advancing multilevel governance in achieving biodiversity and climate goals at the multilateral level. Finally, the paper offers opportunities at the national level for strengthening and enhancing the joint implementation of biodiversity and climate goals at subnational and local levels.https://www.adaptationcommunity.net/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/Paper_05_From_National_to_Local_Implementation-2026.pdf
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Financing Tools for Local GovernmentsFMDV, SDG Local ActionToolkitPublishedJun , 2026The “Financing tools for local governments” modules have beed developed by UNDP SDG Local Action and the Global Fund for Cities Development (FMDV) to help local and regional governments (LRGs) access funding mechanisms.
The 2 modules want to guide local and regional governments navigate a structured, but non-linear journey: from identifying local priorities to fund and implement projects. Like any great journey, it requires preparation, the right tools, a good map, and the courage to take the first steps.
Module 1 outlines financial tools that help local governments identify and secure resources for their projects. Module 2 deepens the understanding of different financing sources and instruments for climate-resilient and sustainable projects.		https://sdglocalaction.org/financing-tools-for-local-governments/
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Vertical Integration: Bridging National and Local Climate Adaptation in Indonesia, Brazil and IndiaWRIPolicy BriefPublishedJun , 2026This study examines how the vertical integration of climate adaptation can be strengthened in large and decentralized countries. Using Indonesia, Brazil and India as comparative case studies, this working paper identifies the main challenges to and opportunities for achieving more coherent, equitable and sustainable adaptation.https://www.wri.org/research/vertical-integration-bridging-national-local-climate-adaptation-indonesia-brazil-india
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Scaling Uptake of Insurance in the Municipal Climate Resilience Toolkit CCFLADiscussion PaperPublishedJul , 2026This discussion paper aims to advance concrete actions and implementation pathways that enhance the financial viability and affordability of parametric insurance and accelerate its uptake in cities worldwide. It begins by examining the role of insurance in strengthening municipal climate resilience. It then maps the existing ecosystem of actors supporting municipal climate risk insurance uptake and analyzes key barriers and enablers shaping municipal climate risk insurance markets to identify collaboration gaps. Building on these analyses, the paper outlines three priority actions for insurers and municipalities to promote the affordability and financial viability of municipal parametric climate insurance, as well as the consultative research process used to identify these activitieshttps://citiesclimatefinance.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/CCFLA-Scaling-Uptake-of-Insurance-in-the-Municipal-Climate-Resilience-Toolkit.pdf
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Enabling Framework Conditions Assessment for Subnational Climate Finance in IndonesiaCCFLA, Urban-Act, ESCAP, Kementerian PPN/BappenasReport PublishedJul , 2026Creating the right enabling conditions at the national level can increase the funding available to subnational governments for climate action. Enabling framework conditions are essential for scaling subnational climate finance by strengthening local institutional capacity, mitigating investment risks, and promoting stakeholder engagement.Urban-Act and the Cities Climate Finance Leadership Alliance have assessed Indonesia’s national enabling framework conditions for subnational climate finance in light of these challenges.The assessment is intended to help national government officials and other stakeholders identify gaps and opportunities in Indonesia’s enabling framework and mobilize subnational climate finance.https://citiesclimatefinance.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/Enabling-framework-conditions-assessment-subnational-climate-finance-Indonesia.pdf
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Private Finance Mobilisation Report 2026OECDReport Published Jul , 2026Drawing on OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) statistics, the report analyses recent trends in private finance mobilisation across regions, sectors, instruments and providers. It highlights where mobilisation has increased, where progress has stalled, and which markets and sectors continue to face persistent financing gaps. The analysis shows that while mobilisation volumes have grown over time, results remain concentrated in a limited number of instruments, providers and countries, raising important questions about scalability and effectiveness.https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/private-finance-mobilisation-report-2026_a871a032-en.html
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