Lilium Hybrids Involving Species


1	Pod Parent	Pollen Parent	Name(s)	Natural	Primary	Known Fertility	Pollination	Embryo Rescue?	Source(s)	Comments

2	Aurelian Group	L. nepalense			No	Pod & Pollen			NALS 2015	NALS seed lots 65-225 and 85-101, 108, 109, 113, 118, 133, 134, 136, 144, 146 & 193.
3	Nioo	Hirakoma	Onihiko	No	No		Natural	No	Myodo (1966)	Myodo reports 32 seedlings were grown to flowering and all were vigourous, reaching 120-200cm in height. Flower aspect ranges from nodding to outfacing and colour from yellow-orange to orange-red (some with spots).
4	L. × hollandicum	L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii			No	Pod	Natural	No	NALS 2011	Darm Crook's seed lot 11-119.
5	L. × hollandicum	L. monadelphum			No	Pod	Natural	No	NALS 2015, 2016	Darm Crook's seed lots 85-106 and 86-119.
6	L. × hollandicum	L. pensylvanicum			No	Pod	Natural	No	NALS 2007	Darm Crook's seed lot 17-116.
7	L. × hollandicum	L. ponticum			No		Natural	No	NALS 2012	Darm Crook's seed lot 82-122.
8	L. × hollandicum	L. szovitsianum			No	Pod	Natural	No	NALS 2012, 2016	Darm Crook's seed lots 82-121 and 86-120.
9	L. amabile	L. maculatum		No	Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et. al. (2011)	"The Duchess" is a registered example of this cross.
10	L. amabile	L. pumilum			Yes	Pod	Natural	No	NALS 2007	Darm Crook's seed lots 17-164 and 165.
11	L. auratum	L. japonicum	Yamasasa		Yes		Natural	No	Myodo (1966) van Tuyl, et. al. (2011)
12	L. auratum	L. nobilissimum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et. al. (2011)
13	L. auratum	L. speciosum	L. × parkmanii		Yes	Pod			RHS Register NALS 2009	Note that this name is also associated with backcrosses and the inverse cross. NALS 2009 (79-128) indicates this can be fertile.
14	L. bolanderi	L. kelloggii			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et. al. (2011)
15	L. bolanderi	L. washingtonianum		Yes	Yes
16	L. brownii	L. sulphureum			Yes				NALS 2013	Seed lot 63-174.
17	L. bulbiferum	L. monadelphum			Yes
18	L. bulbiferum	L. pensylvanicum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
19	L. bulbiferum	L. szovitsianum			Yes	Pod	Natural	No	NALS 2016	Darm Crook's seed lot 86-115.
20	L. bulbiferum var. bulbiferum or croceum	L. maculatum	L. × hollandicum		Yes				RHS Register	Unclear which variety was the pod parent.
21	L. bulbiferum var. croceum	L. davidii			Yes				RHS Register	"Crovidii" is a registered example of this cross.
22	L. bulbiferum var. croceum	L. lancifolium	L. × manglesii		Yes				RHS Register	Also associated with backcrosses (i.e. "Striped Beauty").
23	L. callosum	L. amabile			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
24	L. callosum	L. pensylvanicum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
25	L. callosum var. flaviflorum	L. concolor var. coridion	Sugehime		Yes		Natural	No	Myodo (1966)	Myodo reports the 3 seedlings from this cross were slightly down-facing, partially recurved and were yellow or orange-yellow. The stems were stronger and taller than either parent.
26	L. canadense	L. grayi	L. × pseudograyi		Yes				NALS 2015	Seed lot 45-116. Not in RHS Register?
27	L. canadense	L. michiganense			Yes	Pod & Pollen	Natural	No	NALS 2006	Paul Rumkorf's seed lot 46-102 to 105.
28	L. canadense	L. parryi			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
29	L. candidum	L. chalcedonicum	L. × testaceum	Yes	Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)	Note that this name is also associated with backcrosses and the inverse cross.
30	L. candidum	L. monadelphum	June Fragrance	No	Yes				RHS Register
31	L. chalcedonicum	L. candidum	L. × testaceum	Yes	Yes				RHS Register	Note that this name is also associated with backcrosses and the inverse cross.
32	L. concolor	L. callosum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
33	L. concolor	L. pensylvanicum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
34	L. concolor var. pulchellum	L. pumilum	L. × intermedium		Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
35	L. davidii	L. amabile			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
36	L. davidii	L. bulbiferum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
37	L. davidii	L. cernuum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
38	L. davidii	L. lancifolium			Yes	Pod			NALS 2013	Seed lots 13-124, 126 & 126.
39	L. davidii	L. lancifolium var. flaviflorum			Yes				NALS 2014	Seed lot 14-148.
40	L. davidii	L. leichtlinii		No	Yes	Pod & Pollen	Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011) NALS 2011, 2013, 2014	Darm Crook's seed lots 11-120 & 121; other seed lots 83-119 and 14-104.
41	L. davidii	L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii			Yes	Pod			NALS 2008	Seed lot 18-139.
42	L. davidii	L. maculatum	L. × scottiae		Yes		Natural	No	RHS Register van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
43	L. davidii	L. pensylvanicum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
44	L. davidii var. willmottiae	L. leichtlinii		No	Yes	Pod			NALS 2014	Seed lot 14-101.
45	L. duchartrei	L. lankongense			Yes		Natural	No	NALS 2006	Paul Rumkorf's seed lot 86-126.
46	L. fargesii	L. henryi		No	Yes		Natural	No	de Vries (2011)	Source reported viable seeds from this cross, but wasn't sure if they were just L. fargesii (i.e. the result of apomixis).
47	L. formosanum	L. longiflorum			Yes	Pod & Pollen			NALS 2006	Seed lot 56-104.
48	L. formosanum var. pricei	L. longiflorum			Yes	Pod			NALS 2006, 2009	Seed lots 56-100 & 101 and 59-100.
49	L. hansonii	L. martagon			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
50	L. hansonii	L. medeoloides	Takekuru		Yes		Natural	No	Myodo (1966) van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
51	L. hansonii	L. pardalinum		No	Yes				Crook (2016)	Darm Crook reported a low quantity of viable seed; a follow-up in 2017 noted that none had germinated, but the florets were well-formed and pollen looked viable.
52	L. henryi	L. auratum			Yes	Pollen	Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011) NALS 2012	Seed lot 82-104.
53	L. henryi	L. leucanthum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
54	L. henryi	L. longifolium			Yes	Pod			NALS 2014	Seed lot 84-103.
55	L. henryi	L. regale			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
56	L. henryi	L. rosthornii			Yes	Pod & Pollen			NALS 2006, 2010	Seed lots 66-109, 240, 241 and 60-174.
57	L. henryi	L. sargentiae	L. × aurelianense		Yes				RHS Register	Also associated with backcrosses and the inverse cross.
58	L. henryi var. citrinum	L. rosthornii			Yes	Pollen			NALS 2006, 2008	Seed lots 66-232 and 68-124.
59	L. japonicum	L. auratum			Yes	Pod			NALS 2013	Seed lot 73-103.
60	L. kelloggii	L. parvum			Yes				NALS 2015	Seed lot 45-117.
61	L. lancifolium	L. amabile			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
62	L. lancifolium	L. davidii			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
63	L. lancifolium	L. maculatum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
64	L. lancifolium var. flaviflorum	L. maculatum	Nioo		Yes	Pod	Natural	No	Myodo (1966)
65	L. lancifolium var. flaviflorum	L. pensylvanicum	Hikari		Yes		Natural	No	Myodo (1966)	Myodo reports this produced out- to down-facing, spotted, orange-yellow to orange blooms.
66	L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii	L. amabile	Hirakoma		Yes	Pollen	Natural	No	Myodo (1966)	Myodo reports flower colour ranged from orange red to lacquer red.
67	L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii	L. maculatum	Akaiwa		Yes		Natural	No	Myodo (1966)	Myodo reports this produced out- to down-facing, spotted, orange-red to orange blooms.
68	L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii	L. pumilum	Hiraito		Yes		Natural	No	Myodo (1966)	Myodo notes high virus resistance. Similar to a larger, sometimes spotted, pumilum.
69	L. leucanthum	L. regale			Yes				NALS 2007	Seed lot 67-180.
70	L. leucanthum	L. sargentiae			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
71	L. leucanthum var. centifolium	L. regale	L. × centigale		Yes	Pod & Pollen			RHS Register NALS 2006	Seed lot 66-246.
72	L. longiflorum	L. formosanum	Formolongi Group		Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
73	L. longiflorum	L. henryi			Yes	Pod			NALS 2015, 2016	Seed lots 85-105, 86-117 and 86-118.
74	L. maculatum	Hirakoma	Karakoma		No		Natural	No	Myodo (1966)
75	L. martagon	L. medeoloides			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)	"Marmed" is an example of this cross.
76	L. martagon	L. tsingtauense			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)	NALS 2011 indicates this is fertile.
77	L. martagon var. cattaniae	L. hansonii	L. × dalhansonii	?	Yes				RHS Register	Also associated with backcrosses.
78	L. michauxii	L. canadense			Yes				NALS 2015	Seed lot 45-120.
79	L. michiganense	L. canadense			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011) NALS 2012, 2015	Darm Crook's seed lots 42-104 and 45-122.
80	L. monadelphum	L. × hollandicum			No		Natural	No	NALS 2011	Darm Crook's seed lot 81-116.
81	L. monadelphum	L. bulbiferum			Yes		Natural	No	NALS 2011	Darm Crook's seed lot 81-115.
82	L. monadelphum	L. candidum			Yes	Pod & Pollen	Natural	No	NALS 2015, 2018	Darm Crook's seed lots 35-101 and 38-104.
83	L. monadelphum	L. ledebourii			Yes		Natural	No	NALS 2018	Darm Crook's seed lot 38-106.
84	L. monadelphum	L. szovitsianum			Yes		Natural	No	NALS 2016	Darm Crook's seed lot 36-101.
85	L. occidentale	L. pardalinum			Yes	Pod & Pollen	Natural	No	NALS 2006	Paul Rumkorf's seed lots 46-100 & 101.
86	L. pardalinum	L. bolanderi			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
87	L. pardalinum	L. columbianum			Yes	Pod			NALS 2008, 2009	Seed lots 48-103 and 49-101.
88	L. pardalinum	L. humboldtii			Yes	Pod & Pollen			NALS 2006, 2007, 2008	Seed lots 46-113 to 116, 47-102, 104, 105 and 48-100.
89	L. pardalinum	L. kelloggii			Yes				NALS 2016	Seed lot 46-105.
90	L. pardalinum	L. parryi	L. × burbankii	No	Yes	Pod & Pollen			RHS Register NALS 2007, 2009.	Also associated with backcrosses. Pollen parent previously thought to be L. washingtonianum. NALS seed lots 47-114 and 49-102.
91	L. pardalinum var. vollmeri	L. parvum var. hallidayii			Yes				NALS 2011	Seed lot 41-106.
92	L. pardalinum var. wigginsii	L. kelloggii			Yes				NALS 2008	Seed lot 48-102.
93	L. pardalinum var. wigginsii	L. parvum			Yes				NALS 2011	Seed lot 41-104.
94	L. pardalinum var. wigginsii	L. parvum var. hallidayii			Yes				NALS 2007, 2011	Seed lots 47-115 and 41-105.
95	L. parryi	L. kelloggii			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
96	L. parryi	L. pardalinum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
97	L. pensylvanicum	L. bulbiferum			Yes
98	L. pensylvanicum	L. davidii var. willmottiae	Preston Hybrids		Yes		Natural	No	Myodo (1966)
99	L. pensylvanicum	L. leichtlinii			Yes				NALS 2010	Seed lot 10-152.
100	L. pensylvanicum	L. maculatum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
101	L. pensylvanicum	L. philadelphicum	L. × phildauricum	No	Yes	Pod	Unknown	No	RHS Register Crook (2017)	Dr. Reg Gallop made this cross and provided seed to Darm Crook.
102	L. philadelphicum	L. catesbaei		No	Yes	Pollen	Natural	No	Francis (2011) NALS 2012	Francis (2011) comments that Emsweller (1950) attempted the reverse cross, but no seed was obtained. Darm Crook's NALS seed lot 42-109.
103	L. philadelphicum	L. pensylvanicum	L. × phildauricum	No	Yes	Pod	Unknown	No	RHS Register (1932) Crook (2017)	Dr. Reg Gallop made this cross and provided seed to Darm Crook.
104	L. pumilum	L. amabile			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
105	L. pumilum	L. amabile var. luteum			Yes				NALS 2016	Seed lots 16-122 and 16-123.
106	L. pumilum	L. bulbiferum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
107	L. pumilum	L. cernuum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
108	L. pumilum	L. davidii			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
109	L. pumilum	L. pensylvanicum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
110	L. regale	L. sargentiae	L. × imperiale		Yes				RHS Register
111	L. rosthornii	L. henryi			Yes	Pod & Pollen			NALS 2007, 2008, 2011, 2015, 2016	Seed lots 67-181 & 183, 68-119, 68-120, 68-122 to 124, 61-142, 65-106 to 65-108 and 66-139 to 66-141.
112	L. sargentiae	L. henryi	L. × aurelianense		Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)	Also associated with backcrosses and the inverse cross.
113	L. sargentiae	L. regale			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
114	L. sargentiae	L. sulphureum			Yes				NALS 2013	Seed lots 63-179 to 181.
115	L. speciosum	L. auratum	L. × parkmanii		Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
116	L. speciosum	L. henryi			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
117	L. speciosum	L. japonicum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
118	L. speciosum	L. nepalense			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
119	L. speciosum	L. rubellum			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
120	L. sulphureum	L. henryi			Yes				NALS 2013	Seed lot 63-186.
121	L. sulphureum	L. regale	L. × sulphurgale		Yes				RHS Register
122	L. superbum	L. canadense			Yes		Natural	No	van Tuyl, et al. (2011)
123	L. szovitsianum	L. ledebourii			Yes		Natural	No	NALS 2018	Darm Crook's seed lot 38-107.
124	L. szovitsianum	L. monadelphum			Yes		Natural	No	NALS 2016	Darm Crook's seed lot 36-102.
125	L. tsingtauense	L. pardalinum		No	Yes		Natural	No	Darel (2017)	Seed provided to Victor Darel by Darm Crook. Successful blooming of seedling.
126	L. wenshanense	L. davidii			Yes				NALS 2007	Seed lot 17-209.


1	Name	Notes
2	Darm Crook	Doesn't use embryo rescue, according to his own comments (Crook, 2011).
3	Paul Rumkorf	The author has met Paul and from memory, he doesn't use ER.


1	Key	Reference
2	Crook (2011)	Crook, D., crook1945@yahoo.com, 2011. [Lilium] crossing Ledebourii with asiatics and orientals. [Yahoo Group]. Message to lilium@yahoogroups.com. Sent 20th September 2011. Available at <https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/Lilium/conversations/messages/39083> [Accessed 14th April 2017].
3	Crook (2016)	Crook, D., crook1945@yahoo.com, 2016. [Lilium] L. hansonii x L. pardalinum. [Yahoo Group]. Message to lilium@yahoogroups.com. Sent Wednesday 13th July 2016: 1:42am AEST. Available at <https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/Lilium/conversations/topics/46291;_ylc=X3oDMTM1ODA5am50BF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzQ1NDQ5NARncnBzcElkAzE3MDUwNDE5NDEEbXNnSWQDNDYzMDQEc2VjA2Z0cgRzbGsDdnRwYwRzdGltZQMxNDY4MzM4MTc0BHRwY0lkAzQ2Mjkx>
4	Crook (2017)	Crook, D., crook1945@yahoo.com, 2017. [Lilium] L. dauricum x L. philadelphicum. [Yahoo Group]. Message to lilium@yahoogroups.com. Sent Wednesday 27th June 2017: 1:00pm AEST. Available at <https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/Lilium/conversations/topics/46865;_ylc=X3oDMTM1YWlyY3ZzBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzQ1NDQ5NARncnBzcElkAzE3MDUwNDE5NDEEbXNnSWQDNDY4NjUEc2VjA2Z0cgRzbGsDdnRwYwRzdGltZQMxNDk4NTMyNDI3BHRwY0lkAzQ2ODY1>
5	Darel (2017)	Darel, V., victordarel@hotmail.com, 2017. [Lilium] L. tsingtauense X L. pardalinum. [Yahoo Group]. Message to lilium@yahoogroups.com. Sent Monday 10th July 2017: 5:16am AEST. Available at <https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/Lilium/conversations/topics/47010;_ylc=X3oDMTM1c25uZWQ1BF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzQ1NDQ5NARncnBzcElkAzE3MDUwNDE5NDEEbXNnSWQDNDcwMTAEc2VjA2Z0cgRzbGsDdnRwYwRzdGltZQMxNDk5NjM1OTczBHRwY0lkAzQ3MDEw>
6	de Vries (2011)	de Vries, R., 2011. My experience with Lilium fargesii. In: A. Mitchell, ed 2011. Lilies and Related Plants 2011-2012. The Royal Horticultural Society Lily Group.
7	Frances (2011)	Francis, B., 2011. A novel cross between Lilium philadelphicum and Lilium catesbaei. In: A. Mitchell, ed 2011. Lilies and Related Plants 2011-2012. The Royal Horticultural Society Lily Group.
8	Myodo (1966)	Myodo, H., 1966. Hybrid Lilies Raised at the Experiment Farm of the Hokkaido University between 1950-1964. Research Bulletin of the University Farm, Hokkaido University, [e-journal], Vol. 14, pp. 1-8. Available through: Hokkaido University website <http://hdl.handle.net/2115/13286> [Accessed 12th April 2017].
9	van Tuyl, et. al. (2011)	van Tuyl, J.M., Arens, P., Ramanna, M.S., Shahin, A., Khan, N., Xie, S., Marasek-Ciolakowska, A., Lim, K., Barba-Gonzalez R., 2011. Lilium. In: C. Kole, ed., Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources, Plantation and Ornamental Crops, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Chapter 9. pp.161-183. Available at <www.liliumbreeding.nl/La%2010565.pdf> [Accessed 15th May 2016].