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Data categorisationPotentials in tCO2/yrCosts in $US(2011)/tCO2Side effectsComments and exclusion criteria
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positivenegative
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AUPYTIyearsystem boundariessystem conditionsoriginal unitconversion factor to common unittotalPotential.mintotalPotential.estimatetotalPotential.maxoriginal unitconversion factor to common unitcost.mincost.estimatecost.maxfertilisation effects to the marine ecosystem --> additional CO2 uptakefertiliser release for cropsalkalinity input counteracts ocean fertilisiationriver alkalinisationhigh concentration of Si in runoff waterimbalances of plant nutritionrelease of harmful elementssediment pore space cloggingundissolved particles in the surface ocean might reduce downwelling light inten- sities, and even modify ocean albedocommentsreasons for exclusion
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Renforth, P (a)2012The potential of enhanced weathering in the UK
partial-national
theoretical assessment; geochemical base data; economic base data; mafic rocks
Mt CO2 /a10^6(59)'GBP/tCO21.644361Excluded as only for the UK
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Renforth, P (b)2012The potential of enhanced weathering in the UK
partial-national
theoretical assessment; geochemical base data; economic base data, ultramafic rocks
Mt CO2 /a10^6GBP/tCO21.61577
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Renforth, P2012The potential of enhanced weathering in the UKnational
theoretical assessment; geochemical base data; economic base data, ultramafic and mafic rocks
Mt CO2 /a10^6GBP/tCO21.615361
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Schuiling & Krijgsman2006ENHANCED WEATHERING: AN EFFECTIVE AND CHEAP TOOL TO SEQUESTER CO2global
theoretical assessment
$/tCO215
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Köhler et al.2010Geoengineering potential of artificially enhanced silicate weathering of olivineglobal
carbon cycle simulations; geochemical boundaries
Pg C/a10^9*3.6711EUR/tCO22040only qualitativeonly qualitativeThe CO2 sequestration potential is based on assumptions that river pH values should not exceed certain values in the tropics.
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Taylor et al.2016Enhanced weathering strategies for stabilizing climate and averting ocean acidification2100global
earth system model
Pg C/a10^9*3.671024USD/50ppm1/50/7.81/10000000001620000000000001.351E+15The CO2 sequestration potential is based on an idealized model, which reproduces recent alkalinity fluxes relaively well. Evaluation of the high achieved dissolution rates in forested tropic regions cannot be provided due lack of field experiments.
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Hangx & Spiers2009Coastal spreading of olivine to control atmospheric CO2 concentrations: A critical analysis of viability1990national
theoretical assessment
Mt CO2/a10^6This study focuses on coastal zones of the Netherlands, and reflects not a global potential.The assumed potential is only for the Dutch coast, and represents not a global scenario.
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ten Berge et al.2012Olivine Weathering in Soil, and Its Effects on Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.): A Pot Experimentlab scale
mescosm experiment
Pg CO2/a10^91.513.9only qualitativedepending on application rate
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Montserrat et al.2017Olivine Dissolution in Seawater: Implications for CO2 Sequestration through Enhanced Weathering in Coastal Environmentslab scale
scaled up values from experiments
Mt CO2/a10^6only qualitativeonly qualitativeonly qualitativeThe potential is for Dutch coastal settings only, assuming that olivine is replacing sand for coastal engineering.The potential is for Dutch coastal settings only, assuming that olivine is replacing sand for coastal engineering.
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Hartmann & Kempe2008What is the maximum potential for CO2 sequestration by “stimulated” weathering on the global scale?global
theoretical assessment
Mt C/a10^6*3.6765650$/tC1/3.6755(1000)'only qualitativeThe 1000$ costs are not the costs for nomral application scenarios but a worst case scenario in case of unsuitable conditions, where EW would not be applied. So this should not be used for the review as a characteristic cost estimate. The minimum potential is based on normal mineral fertilizer application rates not meant to achieve a maximum CO2 sequestration effect. The factor 10 for the highest value is based on a pot experiment, which was used for upsacling. The value after Peters et al. (2004) in this publication is based on stream bed weathering, which is not realistic for field conditions.
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Hauck et al.2016Iron fertilisation and century-scale effects of open ocean dissolution of olivine in a simulated CO2 removal experimentglobal
model simulations; marine CDR; combined effects of Alkalinity, Fe, Si
PgC/a10^9*3.671.7included in the assessmentonly qualitativeonly qualitative
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Köhler et al.2013Geoengineering impact of open ocean dissolution of olivine on atmospheric CO2, surface ocean pH and marine biologyglobal
model simulations; marine CDR;
Pg Olivine/a
10^9*0.28*3.67
3only qualitativeonly qualitativeonly qualitative
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Manning & Renforth2013Passive sequestration of atmospheric CO2 through coupled plant-mineral reactions in urban soilsregional
theoretical assessment; geochemical base data; economic base data
Mt CO2/a10^611902040
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Renforth et al2011Silicate Production and Availability for Mineral Carbonationglobal
theoretical assessment; geochemical base data; only industrial side products
MtC/a10^6*3.67190332
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Morales-Fl´ores et al.2011Artificial weathering pools of calcium-rich industrial waste for CO2 sequestrationlocal
assessment of power plant waste
800
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Wilson et al.2009Carbon Dioxide Fixation within Mine Wastes of Ultramafic-Hosted Ore Deposits: Examples from the Clinton Creek and Cassiar Chrysotile Deposits, Canadalocal
assessment of weathering of mine tailings
6300
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House et al.2007Electrochemical Acceleration of Chemical Weathering as an Energetically Feasible Approach to Mitigating Anthropogenic Climate Changelocal
assessment of electrochemical stimulation of weathering
GtC/a10^9*3.670.41.4
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Fujii, M, Yamasaki, A, Kakizawa, M, Yanagisawa, Y2001Reduction of CO2 emission by treatment of waste concrete via an artificial weathering process.tCO2/yr6000000
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Hartmann, J, West, AJ, Renforth, P, Köhler, P, de la Rocha, C, Wolf-Gladrow, D, Dürr, HH, Scheffran, J 2013Enhanced chemical weathering as a geoengineering strategy to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide, supply nutrients, and mitigate ocean acidificationGtC/a10^9*3.671The value of 1 Gt C (or 3.6 Gt CO2) is based on a cross evaluation assuming that highest rates, which can be achieved match the highest reported volcanic weathering rate reported at that time, which is a little bit less.
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Strefler et al.2018
Potential and costs of Carbon Dioxide Removal by Enhanced Weathering of rocks
per tonne rocktCO2/t rocka1.1US$/t applyied rock#ignore73#ignore143yesyesyesyesyesrock dependentThe costs are related to grain size.
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Strefler et al.2018
Potential and costs of Carbon Dioxide Removal by Enhanced Weathering of rocks
GlobalGtCO2/yr10^94.995US$/tCO260200
The costs are related to the rock type (dunite and basalt respectivelly)
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