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EXCEL FORMULAS EVERY ANALYST SHOULD KNOW IN 2026
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A self-paced learning workbook — by Mitali Mittal
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FORMULA GUIDE BY MITALI MITTAL ( @tech_mitali_mittal)
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FormulaWhat It DoesWhen To Use ItSyntax
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XLOOKUPLooks up a value and returns one or more matching columns from another range.Any time you need to pull related info using an ID, code, or name as the key.XLOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_array, return_array, [if_not_found])
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FILTERReturns every row that matches a condition, as a live self-updating list.Building a report that should stay current automatically.FILTER(array, include, [if_empty])
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LETNames a value or calculation once inside a formula and reuses it.Any formula where the same calculation appears more than once.LET(name1, value1, calculation)
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LAMBDABuilds your own custom, reusable, named Excel function -- no VBA.The same formula logic needs to repeat identically across many sheets.LAMBDA(parameter, calculation)
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BYROWRuns the same calculation across every row of a range automatically.You'd otherwise drag a formula down hundreds of rows.BYROW(array, LAMBDA(row, calculation))
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TEXTAFTERExtracts the text that comes after a delimiter.Splitting emails into domains, pulling a code after a dash.TEXTAFTER(text, delimiter)
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XMATCHFinds the position of a value in a range.Paired with INDEX for lookups, or to find the most recent entry in a log.XMATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_mode], [search_mode])
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CHOOSECOLSPulls specific columns, in any order, out of a wider table.A report only needs a few of your master sheet's columns, reordered.CHOOSECOLS(array, col_num1, [col_num2, ...])
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UNIQUEReturns a distinct, duplicate-free list that updates automatically.Building a dropdown list or distinct summary.UNIQUE(array)
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