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1 | status | First/Corresponding Author First Name | First/Corresponding Author Last Name | First Author Country: Title | First Author Affiliation: Title | First Author Email | Co-authors | Working Title | Working Abstract | Please choose Topical Issue | Estimated Number of Pages | Estimated Submission Date | ||||||||||||||
2 | accepted JASR 15990 | Jia | Yue | United States of America | NASA/GSFC, USA | JIA.YUE@NASA.GOV | Nick Pedatella, Wandi Yu, Sean Bruinsma | Lower atmosphere impact on thermosphere density | Using two sets of WACCM-X runs with and without solar and geomagnetic disturbances but with lower atmosphere processes, we can quantify how much the lower atmosphere processes may contribute to the thermosphere density variability. | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 10/1/2021 | ||||||||||||||
3 | Sean | bruinsma | France | CNES, The National Centre for Space Studies, Toulouse, FRANCE | sean.bruinsma@cnes.fr | comparison and assessment of neutral density datasets | Topical Issue 1 | 12 | 11/12/2021 | |||||||||||||||||
4 | accepted JASR 15969 | Piyush | Mehta | United States of America | West Virginia University, USA | piyush.mehta@mail.wvu.edu | Drag Coefficient Modeling and its Impact on Density Estimation | Topical Issue 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
5 | accepted JASR 15917 | Rebecca | Ringuette | United States of America | NASA/GSFC, USA | rebecca.ringuette@nasa.gov | The DIARieS Ecosystem – An ecosystem to simplify Discovery, Implementation, Analysis, Reproducibility, and Sharing of scientific results and environments. | Topical Issue 1 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||
6 | Rebecca | Ringuette | United States of America | NASA/GSFC, USA | rebecca.ringuette@nasa.gov | The LIKED Resource - A Library KnowledgE and Discovery online resource for discovering and implementing knowledge, data, and infrastructure resources. | Topical Issue 1 | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||
7 | Rebecca | Ringuette | United States of America | NASA/GSFC, USA | rebecca.ringuette@nasa.gov | Kamodo-based tools for Model Data Accessibility | (satellite flythrough software, reconstruction tool, line-of-sight tool (?); calling from C++, python, etc) | Topical Issue 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
8 | Leif | Svalgaard | United States of America | Stanford University, USA | leif@leif.org | TBD | TBD | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 10/31/2021 | ||||||||||||||||
9 | Valery | Pipin | Russia | Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS, RUSSIA | valery.pipin@gmail.com | On effects of the sunspot activity on the large-scale dynamo inside convective zone | Topical Issue 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
10 | Lutz | > "Comenzamos con un proyecto importante para un país primario exportador y minero como el Perú: MULTIPERCEPTION, el robot minero a cargo de Andree Salazar Rojas." | United States of America | NASA/GSFC, USA++ | lutz.rastaetter@nasa.gov | Darren De Zeeuw, Rebecca Ringuette, Asher Pembroke | Kamodo model output access in geospace: customized interpolators in complex model grids | Kamodo inclused a inc */reasing set of readers for complex models of geospace, including TIEGCM, CTIPe, GITM and SAMI3 in the ionosphere-thermosphere and SWMF, GUMICS, OpenGGCM and LFM/GAMERA in the magnetosphere and ionosphere electrodynamics. Many of these model//s utilize non-standard grids in 3D that are not covered by the RegularGridInterpolator in Python's SciPy package. Assuming that the positions are an unstructured point cloud makes interpolations extremely inefficient. Fortunately, customized interpolators have been used by the Community Coordinated Modeling Center in online visualizations, including an interpolator taking advantage of the adaptive octree block grid structure for SWMF and GUMICS magnetosphere outputs, a triangular grid interpolator used by GUMICS' ionosphere electrodynamics and tetrahedral decomposition of LFM and GAMERA and SAMI-3 grids. We report on the adaptation of these interpolators within Kamodo to provide efficient interpolation and analysis workflows. | Topical Issue 1 | 12 | 12/1/2021 | |||||||||||||||
11 | Marianna Brigitta | Korsos. | United Kingdom | Aberystwyth University, UK | komabi@gmail.com | Robertus Erdelyi, Elek Anett, Belucz Bernadett, Mausumi Dikpati | On the evolution of markers of the solar cycle from the perspective of hazardous space weather conditions | The Sun’s activity cycle governs the solar radiation, energetic particle, and themagnetic flux in the heliosphere creating hazardous space weather conditions. We will present a statistical analysis of photospheric and radio source observations of active regions, solar flares , and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), based on more than 22 years of quasi-continuous observational data with the “Heliophysics Feature Catalogue” and “Heliophysics Event Catalogue,” thus covering two complete Solar Cycles (23 and 24). We make use of these two catalogs, to characterize the temporal evolution and distributions of their properties during the 23 and 24 solar cycles. Our aim is to reveal and identify those typical solar cycle-related variation parameters that can give a hint about which AR could produce hazardous flare and CME occurrences. | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 1/10/2022 | |||||||||||||||
12 | accepted JASR 15931 | Martin | Reiss | Austria | Space Research Institute - SRI, Graz, AUSTRIA | martin.reiss@oeaw.ac.at | Karin Muglach, Richard Mullinix, Maria M. Kuznetsova, Chiu Wiegand, Manuela Temmer, Barbara Perri, Christian Möstl, Lutz Rastaetter, and H1-01 team members. | The COSPAR ISWAT Ambient Solar Wind Validation Team: Unifying the Validation of Ambient Solar Wind Models | To drive innovation in space weather research and prediction, we need to seek out promising strategies for unifying the validation analysis of our modeling assets. Here we present the activities of the Ambient Solar Wind Validation Team (H1-01) embedded in the COSPAR ISWAT initiative. Our mission is to create an open online platform for the validation of ambient solar wind models. Our platform will allow the community to easily assess the quality of state-of-the-art solar wind model solutions in terms of unified metrics, and will thereby provide an unbiased assessment of progress over time. In this paper, we present our development of unified metrics, discuss the prototype of our online platform including the metadata architecture, and outline the status and future perspectives of this community ef*fort. | Topical Issue 1 | 15 | 11/26/2021 | ||||||||||||||
13 | submitted | Vania | Jordanova | United States of America | LANL - Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA | vania@lanl.gov | S. Morley, H. Godinez, M. Engel, K. Yakymenko, Y. Yu | Current status of RAM-SCBE model | Our society is increasingly dependent on a variety of sophisticated technologies placed in space and thus on the highly dynamic conditions in the near-Earth space environment, known as “space weather”. The complex interactions that occur in this region of the magnetosphere, driven by processes on the Sun and modified by local conditions, are of much concern to space scientists and researchers. Energetic particle fluxes that are part of the ring current and the radiation belts intensify during space weather events like geomagnetic storms and could damage satellites in many ways. Therefore, understanding the physical processes that control their dynamics and improving our capability for their prediction is extremely important. In the context of space weather applications and user needs, this paper provides a brief description of our ring current-atmosphere interactions model with self-consistent magnetic and electric fields (RAM-SCBE) and assesses its current status, including its capabilities, limitations, and plans for improvement. | Topical Issue 1 | 1/31/2022 | |||||||||||||||
14 | Shanmugha Sundaram | G A | India | Amrita University, INDIA | ga_ssundaram@cb.amrita.edu | Topical Issue 1 | 15 | 1/17/2022 | ||||||||||||||||||
15 | accepted JASR16172 | Vladimir | Kalegaev | Russia | Lomonosov Moscow State University, RUSSIA | klg@dec1.sinp.msu.ru | V.Eremeev, A.Ivanova, K.Kaportseva, I.Myagkova, Yu.Shugay, N.Vlasova | Radiation belts and geomagnetic activity responce on solar wind variations | The new approaches to the modelling of the Sun-solar wind-magnetosphere-radiation belts chain and their implementation at MSU's Space weather center (Space Monitoring data Center) will be presented. Several case studies will be considered. | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 1/31/2022 | ||||||||||||||
16 | Richard | Fallows | Netherlands | ASTRON - Netherlands institute for Radio Astronomy, Netherlands | fallows@astron.nl | Kazumasa Iwai Mario Bisi Munetoshi Tokumaru | LOFAR interplanetary scintillation observations of the September 2017 CMEs | Interplanetary scintillation (IPS – the scintillation of compact radio sources due to density variations in the solar wind) enables the determination of solar wind speed and estimates of solar wind density throughout the inner heliosphere. A series of observations using the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR - a radio telescope centred on the Netherlands with stations across Europe) were undertaken using this technique to observe the passage of an ultra-fast CME which launched from the Sun following the X-class flare of 10th September 2017. LOFAR observed the strong radio source 3C147 at an elongation of 82 degrees from the Sun over a period of more than 30 hours and observed a strong increase in speed to 900\,km\,s$^-1$ followed two hours later by a strong increase in the level of scintillation, interpreted as a strong increase in density. Both speed and density remained enhanced for a period of more than seven hours, to beyond the period of observation. Further analysis of these data demonstrates a view of magnetic field rotation due to the passage of the CME, using advanced IPS techniques only available to a unique instrument such as LOFAR. MHD simulations indicate that the CME of 10th September caught up and merged with a slower one launched a few days previously and confirm that LOFAR observed the effects of the combined CME passage. | Topical Issue 1 | 15 | 11/30/2021 | |||||||||||||||
17 | Huw | Morgan | United Kingdom | Aberystwyth University, UK | hmorgan@aber.ac.uk | Kaine Bunting Liam Edwards David Kuridze Thomas Williams Marianna Korsos | Coronal tomography as an empirical constraint for solar wind forecasting | To date, the inner boundary conditions for solar wind models are either directly or indirectly based on magnetic field extrapolation models of the photosphere. Furthermore, between the photosphere and Earth, there are no routinely-observed empirical constraints on models. New breakthroughs in coronal rotation tomography, applied to coronagraph observations, allow maps of the coronal electron density to be made in the heliocentric height range 4-12 solar radii (Rs). We show that these maps (i) give a new empirical boundary condition for solar wind structure at a height where the coronal magnetic field has become radial, thus avoiding the need to model the complex inner coronal magnetic field, (ii) give accurate rotation rates for the corona, of crucial importance to the accuracy of solar wind models and forecasts, (iii) allow constraints on solar wind velocity and acceleration profiles, and (iv) allow the measured densities to be propagated outwards within the solar wind model. For the primary inner boundary condition of radial outflow velocity required by simple ballistic-type models, the tomographical densities are transformed using a simple empirical relationship - a process that can be refined using iteration. The densities can be passively propagated within the ballistic model, and according to radial expansion and the local velocity and compression/rarefaction factors, modified according to mass flux conservation. This results in an estimate of solar wind densities, as well as the primary velocity output, near Earth. Further work is based on refining the boundary estimates, improving the ballistic model, correcting for slow wind arising from equatorial coronal holes, and the inclusion of solar wind acceleration constraints using the tomographical information. | Topical Issue 1 | 8 | 10/31/2021 | |||||||||||||||
18 | Nina | Karachik | Uzbekistan | Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute (UBAI) of Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Uzbekistan | ninakarachik@mail.ru | Ekaterina Minenko | The archive of solar observations at the Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute | We present a short description of archive of solar observations obtained at the Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute (UBAI) of Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences (former Tashkent Astronomical Observatory) that covers period from 1884 to 2010. The main part of the archive contains daily observations of the sun as part of the USSR Sun Service program. The Tashkent Observatory took part in it from the beginning since 1932 until the 90s, when Uzbekistan got split up from the Soviet Union. At present, the process of digitizing the archive data and creating electronic catalogs is underway. We compared main indexes of solar activity (sunspot number, group number and sunspot area) for the period 1932-2000 with other known databases. The compared indices show sufficient stability and homogeneity, which, along with a large temporal coverage and a variety of available observational data, favorably distinguish UBAI archive as a sourse data for researches on long-period variations in solar activity and related geophysical processes. | Topical Issue 1 | 7 | 1/28/2022 | |||||||||||||||
19 | submitted | Kathryn | Whitman | United States of America | University of Houston | Kathryn.whitman@nasa.gov | Hazel Bain Phil Quinn Leila Mays Ian Richardson Mark Dierckxsens | Summary of Solar Energetic Particle Models in the Research and Operations Communities | Solar energetic particles (SEP) events are scientifically interesting as they are the product of a broad set of physics from the corona out through the extent of the solar wind. SEP events also pose a radiation hazard to electronics in space, aviation, and human exploration, making it critical to forecast these events from an operational perspective. Scientifically, the release and transport of solar energetic particles probes the physics of eruptive flares and coronal mass ejections (CME) deep in the corona, compression regions and shock fronts ahead of CMEs as they propagate through the inner heliosphere, magnetic connectivity from the "observer" to the particle source surfaces, coronal and solar wind structure, and transmission through the magnetosphere and atmosphere to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and aviation altitudes. Operationally, SEP events are a hazard for electronics on satellites, spacecraft, and aircraft and poses a radiation threat to astronauts, particularly as we pursue human exploration missions outside of the Earth's protective magnetosphere to the Moon and Mars. Many models have been and are being developed both to test our understanding of all of the physics components that contribute to an SEP event and in an attempt to forecast SEP events in an operational context. Many different approaches have been taken in the models in an attempt to reproduce the most important or interesting characteristics of solar energetic particle events. This paper will review all of the SEP models currently being developed in the community, including a description of model approach, how to use and interpret the predictions, model inputs, model outputs, free parameters, and any published validations or comparisons with data. We will also identify verified SEP databases that are available to the community or are currently under development. | Topical Issue 1 | 35 | 1/31/2022 | ||||||||||||||
20 | submitted | Kathryn | Whitman | United States of America | University of Houston | Kathryn.whitman@nasa.gov | Phil Quinn Hazel Bain Leila Mays Ian Richardson Mark Dierckxsens | Overview of Solar Energetic Particle Model Performance | Many models have been and are being developed both to test our understanding of all of the physics components that contribute to an SEP event and in an attempt to forecast SEP events in an operational context. Many different approaches have been taken in the models in an attempt to reproduce the most important or interesting characteristics of solar energetic particle events. This paper will review all SEP model validation results and data comparisons published in the literature and give an overview of the community validation effort being carried out in support of the ISWAT H3-01 Section. | Topical Issue 1 | 20 | 1/31/2022 | ||||||||||||||
21 | Maciej | Makuch | United Kingdom | Aberystwyth University, UK | mam122@aber.ac.uk | Dr Heather McCreadie | A single-satellite detection of the magnetopause crossings and magnetic reconnection. | Current methods allowing for precise determination of the magnetopause crossings require multi-spacecraft measurements and complicated techniques like minimum variance analysis to move the system into the de Hoffman-Teller frame or magnetopause-normal frame. These allow determining the shape of the boundary, its normal direction, and the flow of plasma and energy through the boundary. In this paper, we present a solution derived from Priest and Forbes analysis on the basis that Free Energy could determine the motion of bulk of plasma across a collisionless boundary stored on both sides of the boundary. The results from two sets of data obtained from the CLUSTER constellation are compared against the work of Fuselier et al. and Rosenqvist et al., respectively, to prove that the method works at least within the time domain of a single spacecraft. Further, an example of the magnetopause crossings with ongoing reconnection for a post sudden storm commencement event is presented. | Topical Issue 1 | 6 | 8/14/2021 | |||||||||||||||
22 | Baolin | Tan | China | National Astronomical Observatories of Chinese Academy of Sciences | bltan@nao.cas.cn | Yihua Yan, Jing Huang, Chengming Tan, Yin Zhang, Xingyao Chen, Xiaoshuai Zhu, Minghui Zhang, Wei Wang, Linjie Chen, Fei Liu, Zhichao Zhou, Suli Ma, Lihong Geng, and Sha Li | Recent progress and prospects of radio diagnostics of solar coronal magnetic fields | It is well known that all space weather events are mainly driven by the solar activities which are dominated by the solar coronal magnetic fields and result in a variety of manifestations, including geomagnetic variability, energetic particles, and drastic changes of the Earth’s uppermost atmosphere. Here, the diagnostics of solar coronal magnetic fields is a key and challenging problem, and solar radio observation is one of the most important tools to tackle this problem. In recent years, a series of important advances have been made in this area, including theories and observations. In particularly, with the observations of several new generation solar radio telescopes including MUSER and EVOSA etc., we have the possibility to derive the 3-dimenssional structures of coronal magnetic fields with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolutions, and to provide much more powerful information for predicting space weather events. This work will present a comprehensive review on these progresses, and make a discussion on the existing difficulties of radio diagnostics of solar coronal magnetic fields. | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 12/31/2021 | |||||||||||||||
23 | accepted JASR 16026 | Ioanna | Tsagouri | Greece | National Observatory of Athens, GREECE | tsagouri@noa.gr | Assessment of ionospheric modeling capabilities during quiet and disturbed conditions | Topical Issue 1 | 15 | 12/15/2021 | ||||||||||||||||
24 | Maciej | Makuch | United Kingdom | Aberystwyth University, UK | mam122@aber.ac.uk | Dr Heather McCreadie | The CLUSTER constellation magnetopause crossings 2001-2009. | The Priest & Forbes MHD theory of magnetic reconnection allowed creating a tool for a single satellite magnetopause crossings and magnetic reconnection event identification. It has been shown in previous work that the tool works in comparison to other people results in this field (Fuselier et al. and Rosenqvist et al.). In this paper, we would like to present the results of applying the tool to almost 7000 magnetopause crossings, previously reported by Trattner et al. for the CLUSTER 3 of the CLUSTER constellation. However, this analysis presents the timings of the crossings through the magnetopause for each of the 4 CLUSTER satellites, for which the data could be obtained. | Topical Issue 1 | 6 | 9/30/2021 | |||||||||||||||
25 | to be submitted to special issue 2 | Maher | Dayeh | United States of America | Southwest Research Institute, USA | maldayeh@swri.edu | Potential contributors/co-authors: Robert Allen, B.L. Alterman, Ashraf Farahat, Nour Dahmen, Rob Ebert, Fan Guo, Rachael Filwett, Yuan-Kuen Ko, Masha Kuznetsova, Samuel Tun Beltran, Matthew Young, Lulu Zhao, Mihir Desai, Gang Li | Suprathermal Ions during Interplanetary Quiet times | Advances in heliospheric ion measurements in the suprathermal (ST) energy range, above the bulk solar wind, have significantly improved our understanding of this particle regime. Most importantly, in situ spacecraft measurements provided compelling evidence for the presence of ST tails, from which extreme Space Weather events, such as Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs), are thought to draw their material from. Despite their increased level of importance for SEP-related predictions, the origin and acceleration processes of the ST particles remain highly controversial. This paper reviews the observational properties of the ST ions during interplanetary (IP) quiet times, defined as the times with no signatures of solar activity in the IP medium. We also present analysis of the ST properties evolution as functions of longitude and radial distance from the Sun and discuss the implications of these results on the SEP modeling efforts. | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 12/31/2021 | ||||||||||||||
26 | Esmeralda | Romero-Hernandez | Mexico | Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL) | esmeralda.romerohdz@uanl.edu.mx | C.M. Wrasse (INPE, Brazil), P. Essien (AIMS, Ghana), , C.M. Denardini (INPE, Brazil), F. Salinas-Samaniego (UANL, Mexico), Regia Pereira Silva (INPE, Brazil), M.A. Sergeeva (CONACyT, IGF/UNAM, Mexico), L.C.A. Resende (INPE, Brazil), P.F. Barbosa Neto (INPE, Brazil), Sony Su Chen (INPE, Brazil), Juliano Moro (INPE, Brazil), F.C. de Meneses (UANL, Mexico), M. Rodriguez-Martinez (ENES/UNAM, Mexico), E. Aguilar-Rodriguez (IGF/UNAM, Mexico), Carolina de Sousa do Carmo (INPE, Brazil), Giorgio Arlan da Silva Picanço (INPE, Brazil), A. Salas-Navarro (UANL, Mexico), J.A. Gonzalez-Esparza (IGF/UNAM, Mexico), E. Perez-Tijerina (FCFM/UANL, Mexico) | A new installed all-sky imager for the study of plasma irregularities in the upper atmosphere | The observation of the upper atmosphere using airglow is very relevant to complement the study on the generation of plasma irregularities that cause disruptions in radio communications. In this regard, a new all-sky imager has been installed in the northern part of Mexico (Lat, Long), where suitable conditions of the night sky and site orography are combined for observing plasma irregularities, particularly Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs). The main objective at hand is to characterize the firsts TIDs based on the horizontal wavelength, phase velocity, period and propagation direction, and further, developing studies on its dynamics. | Topical Issue 1 | 20 | 1/28/2022 | |||||||||||||||
27 | Hisashi | Hayakawa | Japan | Nagoya University, JAPAN | hisashi@nagoya-u.jp | Toru Suyama, Mayuko Watanabe, Kouji Ohnishi | Katsue Misawa’s Sunspot Observations in 1921 – 1934 | The long-term solar variability has been evaluated with the International Sunspot Number, as a composite of multiple sunspot observers since the 18th century. This index has been recently subjected to recalibration on the basis of sophisticated methodologies and additions and revisions of original sunspot records. Upon these efforts, the individual long-term sunspot observers have played significant roles as exemplified with Sergio Cortesi and Hisako Koyama. In this context, Misawa Katsue has conducted regular sunspot observations in 1921-1934 (> 23 days/month), whereas his records have not been acquired to the SILSO database. We have digitised his original sunspot drawings and monthly summaries at Suwa Seiryo High School, documented his observational methodologies, and reconstructed his sunspot number and hemispheric sunspot number. We have compared his data with the International Sunspot Number and evaluated their stability. Our results provide a new series of his source data for the further recalibration of the International Sunspot Number in 1920s -- 1930s and the long-term solar variability, where we have not yet located the Zurich sourcebooks for the sunspot number calibrations. | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 12/15/2021 | |||||||||||||||
28 | Nathaniel | Frissell | United States of America | University of Scranton, USA | nathaniel.frissell@scranton.edu | William D. Engelke, Philip J. Erickson | Observing Large Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Using High Frequency Amateur Radio Receiving Networks: Automated Detection and the Development of Empirical Predictive Models | Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) are quasi-periodic variations of F-region ionospheric electron densities that in particular affect the range and quality of High Frequency (HF, 3-30 MHz) radio communications, through motion of the ionospheric skip-focusing distance during TID passage. For a radio operator, this manifests as signal fading and enhancement with periods ranging from about 15 minutes to a few hours. In addition to their operational impacts, TIDs are of great scientific interest because they are often associated with neutral Atmospheric Gravity Waves (AGWs). Thus, TID observations can be also used to advance understanding of critically important neutral atmosphere-ionosphere coupling. In this paper, we demonstrate a forthcoming automated technique and system for the detection of TIDs, using spectral analysis applied to HF amateur (ham) radio observations observed by the Reverse Beacon Network (RBN), Weak Signal Propagation Reporting Network (WSPRNet), and PSKReporter automated amateur radio systems. Each of these systems is built, operated, and maintained by amateur radio community volunteers and has significant coverage over the North American and European continents. We will also discuss plans for further development of this automated detection technique with the goal of constructing a predictive empirical model of TIDs using geophysical drivers. Such a TID model has significant potential for global and regional space weather studies. | Topical Issue 1 | 15 | 1/31/2022 | |||||||||||||||
29 | Clezio | Denardini | Brazil | INPE - National Institute for Space Research, BRAZIL | clezio.denardin@inpe.br | C.M. Denardini, C. S. Carmo, G. A. S. Picanço, L. C. A. Resende, J. Moro, et al. | Comparison between ROTI and DIX over a wide latitudinal range during Storm-time and EPB | Ionospheric indices have been developed over the years to detect and predict ionospheric irregularities. This study aims to compare the Disturbance Ionospheric Index (DIX) with the Rate of TEC index (ROTI) over a wide latitudinal range. Additionally, the study will be in a disturbed and quiet period, with the presence of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPB). | Topical Issue 1 | 6 | 1/31/2022 | |||||||||||||||
30 | to be submitted to special issue 2 | Viacheslav | Sadykov | United States of America | Georgia State University | vsadykov@gsu.edu | Manolis K. Georgoulis (Academy of Athens), Jordan A. Guerra (Villanova University), Philip Quinn (NASA JSC), Hazel Bain (NOAA SWPC), Mark Dierckxsens (BIRA-IASB, Belgium), Sophie Murray (Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), Petrus Martens (GSU), Berkay Aydin (GSU), Rafal Angryk (GSU), Dustin Kempton (GSU), Azim Ahmadzadeh (GSU), Lan Jian (NASA GSFC), Irina Kitiashvili (NASA ARC) | Predicting solar transient events using machine learning: research advances and data preparation efforts | Robust prediction of solar transient events (solar flares, coronal mass ejections, solar energetic particles, and others) is of primary importance for the Solar Physics and Space Weather communities from both the research and operational perspectives. Growing amounts of high-quality observational data, development and accessibility of advanced machine learning techniques, and inextinguishable interest of the research community, all encouraged the growth of the research efforts on applying machine learning for solar transient event forecasting. This paper aims to present an overview of the state-of-the-art transient events prediction methodologies using machine learning, the corresponding results, and the derived physics knowledge, since the release of the COSPAR roadmap of Space Weather (Schrijver et al. 2015). The paper also describes the related effort of data preparation and archiving as an essential component encouraging machine learning research. In addition, the paper describes common difficulties in cross-comparison of the research efforts and their transferability and application to operations. | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 1/31/2022 | ||||||||||||||
31 | Christine | Verbeke | United States of America | ROB - Royal Observatory of Belgium, BELGIUM | christine.verbeke@oma.be | Christine Verbeke, M. Leila Mays, Christina Kay, Marilena Mierla, Pete Riley, Mateja Dumbovic, Camilla Scolini, Manuela Temmer, Evangelos Paouris, Juergen Hinterreiter, Laura A. Balmaceda, Hebe Cremades | Quantifying Errors in CME Parameters Derived from Reconstruction Techniques | Current efforts in space weather forecasting of CMEs have been focused on predicting their arrival time and magnetic structur. To make these predictions methods have been developed to derived the CME speed, size and mass. Difficulties in determining the input parameters for CME forecasting models arise from the lack of direct measurements of the coronal magnetic fields and uncertainties in estimating the CME geometric and kinematic parameters after eruption. White-light coronagraph images are usually employed by a variety of CME reconstruction techniques that assume more or less complex geometries. This study explores how subjectivity affects the 3D CME parameters that are obtained from the GCS reconstruction technique. To be able to quantify such uncertainties, one needs to know the ``true'' values that are being fitted and this is impossible to derive from observational data. We have designed two different synthetic situations where the ``true'' geometric parameters are known in order to quantify such uncertainties for the first time. We explore this by using two sets of synthetic data: 1) Using the ray-tracing option from the GCS model software itself and 2) Using 3D MHD simulation data from the MAS model. | Topical Issue 1 | 20 | 10/1/2021 | |||||||||||||||
32 | Rui | F. Pinto | France | IRAP, University of Toulouse, FRANCE | rui.pinto@irap.omp.eu | S2-05 ISWAT team | Advances in Sun-spacecraft and Sun-Earth connectivity science | Recent years have witnessed a sharp increase in the development of methods that aim at establishing Sun-to-Earth and Sun-to-spacecraft connectivity. New solar missions (Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe) highlight the importance of relating remote observations to in-situ data from one or more spacecraft, and of relying on tools and methods that establish connectivity systematically (either as now/forecasts or for past-event analysis). The main challenge of this topic lies on the difficulty in finding direct observables and on the reliance on indirect methods for validation. We discuss the caveats of the current methods, propose strategies to mitigate them and suggest forecast validation metrics and test-case scenarios. | Topical Issue 1 | 8 | 1/30/2022 | |||||||||||||||
33 | Ludger | Scherliess | United States of America | Utah State University, USA | ludger.scherliess@usu.edu | The Use of Normalized TEC Variations for Ionospheric Model Evaluations: Overview and Initial Results | The Earth’s Ionosphere-Thermosphere (I/T) system exhibits complicated temporal and spatial variations that are driven by external forces, internal dynamics, and thermosphere and ionosphere coupling. This can have adverse effects on human operations and systems. Consequently, there is a need for both, accurate and reliable specifications and forecasts of the near-Earth space environment. In order to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of these models and to compare the performance across the suite of models a systematic quantitative validation effort is required that uses an appropriate metrics. In this paper we will provide an overview of the use of normalized TEC variations as an appropriate metric and present initial results. | Topical Issue 1 | 5 | 12/31/2021 | ||||||||||||||||
34 | Mikhail | Podzolko | Russia | Lomonosov Moscow State University, RUSSIA | spacerad@mail.ru | Vladimir Kalegaev, Natalia Nikolaeva, D.V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University | Developing the methods and application for estimating the current radiation conditions in the near-Earth’s orbits in Moscow State University | D.V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University is developing the application for estimating the current radiation conditions in the near-Earth’s orbits. The application computes the current fluxes of energetic cosmic particles of different sources and radiation doses behind the simple-geometry shielding of various thickness in a given near-Earth’s orbit. For these computations it uses the models of Earth’s radiation belts, galactic cosmic ray particles and particle penetration through the Earth’s magnetosphere, and the current measurements of the solar proton fluxes in high-altitude orbits, and the magnetosphere disturbance (Kp-index). In this paper the methods of computations and sample results are described. | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 7/31/2021 | |||||||||||||||
35 | Mamoru | Ishii | Japan | NICT - National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, JAPAN | mishii@nict.go.jp | Takuya Tsugawa, Yuki Kubo, Tsutomu Nagatsuma, Kaori Sakaguchi, Daikou Shiota, Hidekatsu Jin, Aoi Nakamizo, Michi Nishioka, Kennichi Otsuji, Shinji Saito, Hiroyuki Shinagawa, Septi Perwitasari, Naoko Takahashi, Mitsue Den, Yuta Hozumi, Chihiro Tao, Naoto Nishizuka, and Kornyanat Hozumi | Activities of Operational Space Weather Forecast in Japan | National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) has been providing space weather forecast information since 1988 as the only operational organization in Japan. The needs of space weather information has been increasing since the beginning of this century, and our activities has also been glowing up. After the big solar flare on September 6, 2017, the observing and forecasting structure are strengthened. We started 24/7 monitoring on December 2019 and started to work as a segment of ICAO space weather global centers on November 7, 2019. We have activities in research and develop section for improving the precision of space weather forecast. In addition to the ground based observation of ionosphere, magnetic fields and solar radio burst, we started to consideration of satellite based measurements. For the development of prediction models, we have been developing numerical models and AI models for sun/solar wind, magnetosphere and ionosphere. Some applications for users are also developed. | Topical Issue 1 | 5 | 12/31/2021 | |||||||||||||||
36 | Jon | Vandegriff | United States of America | Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA | jon.vandegriff@jhuapl.edu | Robert S. Weigel, Jeremy Faden, Aaron Roberts, Bernard Harris, Eric Grimes, Todd King, Robert Candey, Scott Boardsen | The HAPI Standard for Accessing Time Series Data | The Heliophysics Application Programmers Interface (HAPI) offers a standard way to serve time series data, and as it becomes adopted by more data providers, it is becoming a viable way to enable interoperability among many datasets relevant for Space Weather research and applications. We will describe the basics of the standard, give some examples of its usage, and describe how providers and users can take advantage of this useful data access mechanism. It is designed for Heliophysics time series data, but can handle any multi-dimensional data that is primarily indexed by time. | Topical Issue 1 | 5 | 1/31/2022 | |||||||||||||||
37 | Shing | Fung | United States of America | NASA/GSFC, USA | shing.f.fung@nasa.gov | Darren De Zeeuw, Robert Candey, Ryan Mcgranaghan, Lan Jian, Irina Kitiashvili, Chiu Wiegand | SPASE Metadata as a Heliophysics Science-Enabling Tool | Topical Issue 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
38 | Wojciech | Miloch | Norway | University of Oslo, Norway | w.j.miloch@fys.uio.no | G2B-02 and more | Ionospheric Plasma Irregularities and Their Impact on Trans-ionospheric Radio Waves | The Earth’s ionosphere is often subject to instabilities and turbulence resulting in irregularities in plasma density at various scales and at all latitudes. Plasma irregularities can influence the propagation of trans-ionospheric radio signals, and as such they can impact positioning with the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as GPS, Galileo or GLONASS. Examples of measurable effects are radio wave scintillations in the phase and amplitude, which are significant issues at low geomagnetic latitudes and in the polar regions. Plasma irregularities can be measured in situ by satellites and sounding rockets, at different scales and altitudes. They are also reflected in the GNSS derived ionospheric parameters, such as total electron content or scintillation indices. With increasing number of high resolution in-situ measurements and ground based receivers, it is now possible to carry out statistical studies and establish foundations for more precise global and local models for space weather effects related to plasma irregularities. | Topical Issue 1 | |||||||||||||||||
39 | Ernesto | Aguilar-Rodriguez | Mexico | Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México -- Instituto de Geofísica Unidad Michoacán, Mexico | ernesto@igeofisica.unam.mx | E. Romero-Hernandez, O. Chang, M.M. Bisi, J.C. Mejia-Ambriz, I.V. Chashei, R.A. Fallows, J.A. Gonzalez-Esparza, P.K. Manoharan, M. Tokumaru, and S.A. Tyul’bashev. | Determination of the power law of micro-scale turbulence index in the solar wind using observations of IPS | Solar wind electron density micro--irregularities scatter radio signals and produce interplanetary scintillation (IPS) in ground-based telescopes/arrays. Observations of IPS of radio sources in the metric-centimetric wavelength domain provide a way to infer solar wind properties in the inner heliosphere. In the weak scattering regime, the temporal power spectrum of observations of IPS reveals different solar wind properties integrated along the line of sight to the source. Of particular interest is the turbulence spectrum of spatial wavenumbers associated to the micro-scales, which can be determined by the slope ($a$) of the observed temporal power spectrum from IPS intensity fluctuations. In this study we analyze observations of IPS using radio source 3C48 at different wavelengths with five instruments in order to estimate $a$, then we use a power spectrum model to determine the micro-turbulence $\alpha$ parameter of the solar wind micro-scales. | Topical Issue 1 | 15 | 12/15/2021 | |||||||||||||||
40 | Ferry | Lanter | Australia | Curtin University, Australia | ferry.lanter@postgrad.curtin.edu.au | Adrian Sutinjo; John Morgan. | A Study of Ionospheric Measurements using a Tri-Band CubeSat Beacon | We introduce the requirements and constraints which enables the study of the ionosphere using a tri-band CubeSat beacon. Radio waves propagating the ionosphere are subject to a number of unpredictable and corrupting effects, the most significant being phase path reduction, Faraday rotation, and scintillation. A method of measuring these effects is therefore necessary in order to study, understand and anticipate their impact. The rise in popularity of small satellites presents a new cost-effective opportunity to study the ionosphere in detail, and a challenge in realizing a beacon within the constraints of a CubeSat system. We introduce a measurement technique that builds on past multi-frequency beacons, incorporating the well established differential phase technique and simultaneously introducing a new differential polarization technique. We achieve this by employing linearly polarized beacon signals, which enables us to separate phase path reduction and Faraday rotation into a phase and polarization change respectively. This overcomes some of the key limitations in current ionospheric measurement techniques: eliminating errors associated with indirect Faraday rotation measurement, and enabling absolute unambiguous parameter measurement. We then establish practicable CubeSat requirements and constraints which we achieve by investigating the measurement technique in the presence of system noise, weak scattering, clock errors and antenna characteristics. Finally, we present one possible CubeSat beacon design solution for the measurement of ionospheric parameters, validating the capability of measuring the ionosphere within the constraints of a CubeSat package. | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 12/1/2021 | |||||||||||||||
41 | Kazumasa | Iwai | Japan | Nagoya University, JAPAN | k.iwai@isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp | Fallows R., Bisi M., Shiota D., et al | MHD simulation of CME including IPS data observed by LOFAR and ISEE | Interplanetary scintillation (IPS) is a useful tool to detect CMEs in the interplanetary space. Global MHD simulations of the heliosphere that are usually used to predict the CMEs can be improved by using the IPS data. In this study, we demonstrate the MHD simulation that include IPS data from multiple stations to improve the CME simulation. The CME occurred on September 2017 was observed by the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) and the IPS array of ISEE, Nagoya University. We reconstructed the observational IPS data using a global MHD simulation, SUSANOO, in which CMEs are modeled as spheromak. We found that the MHD simulation that best fits to both LOFAR and ISEE data gives different, and presumably better, solution than the MHD simulation that fits only ISEE data. This result suggests that more IPS data observed from multiple stations on different local times can help improving and evaluating the modeling. | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 1/30/2022 | |||||||||||||||
42 | accepted JASR 16008 | Bernard | Jackson | United States of America | UCSD - University of California San Diego, USA | bvjackson@ucsd.edu | L. Cota, M. Bracamontes, A. Buffington, M. Tokumaru, R.A. Fallows, and M.M. Bisi | Interplanetary Scintillation (IPS) Analyses During the Parker Solar Probe Close Solar Passes | The University of California, San Diego (UCSD) time-dependent three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction technique provides volumetric maps of density, velocity, and solar surface extrapolated magnetic fields by iteratively fitting our kinematic 3-D model to interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observations. While we currently use data from the Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Japan, we have also integrated this system adding data from Worldwide IPS Stations (WIPSS) network groups to increase both spatial and temporal coverage when these data are available. Some of these stations, especially the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR), centered in the Netherlands, currently operate in “campaign” mode only during periods of interest when the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) makes close passes to the Sun. The UCSD 3-D iterative reconstruction technique is unique in its ability to yield a low-resolution seamless extension of density and velocity parameters measured in situ, going outward into the surrounding interplanetary medium at the resolution of the volumetric data. We here present analyses using archival data sets from both ISEE and LOFAR, during PSP close passes of the Sun. These analyses provide the location of all inner planets from Mercury to Mars, and the spacecraft PSP, BepiColombo, and Solar Orbiter in the 3-D reconstructed volumes and can show the heliospheric structures that reach them as in-situ forecasts in near real time compared with near-Earth data sets. | Topical Issue 1 | 5 | 1/31/2022 | ||||||||||||||
43 | accepted JASR 15955 | Igor | Chashei | Russia | Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences | chashey@prao.ru | Vladislav Lukmanov, Sergey Tyul'bashev | ICME and CIR in the data of IPS monitoring at the frequency 111 Mhz | Topical Issue 1 | 6 | 12/15/2021 | |||||||||||||||
44 | submitted | Mei-Ching | Fok | United States of America | NASA/GSFC, USA | mei-ching.h.fok@nasa.gov | Yihua Zheng, Cristian Ferradas, Natalia Buzulukova, Alex Glocer, Suk-Bin Kang, Colin Komar | The Comprehensive Inner Magnetosphere-Ionosphere (CIMI) Model: Current Status, Capabilities and Future Directions in Space Weather Applications | A Comprehensive Inner Magnetosphere-Ionosphere (CIMI) model has been developed to study the dynamics of the cold plasmasphere and the energetic plasmas in the ring current and the radiation belts, as well as their couplings with each other and with the ionosphere. The CIMI model thus has tremendous scientific values and also ample space weather applications. CIMI is able to predict in space the cold plasma density and energetic electron and ion fluxes, which are crucial elements in assessing spacecraft charging hazards. In this paper, we will describe the current status of the CIMI model and the space weather capabilities that CIMI can provide. We will conclude the paper with discussions on future directions to improve CIMI’s prediction accuracy and to expand its space weather applications. | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 1/31/2022 | ||||||||||||||
45 | Natalia | Ganushkina | United States of America | ganuna@umich.edu | Operational Inner Magnetosphere Particle Transport and Acceleration Model for keV electrons | Topical Issue 1 | 10 | 11/30/2021 | ||||||||||||||||||
46 | Hariharan | Krishnan | India | Arizona State University, USA | hari.krish@asu.edu | Richard Fallows, ASTRON | Solar Wind Observations below 100 MHz | Topical Issue 1 | 1/28/2022 | |||||||||||||||||
47 | intended for submission to SI-2 | Yihua | Yan | China | National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences | yyh@nao.cas.cn | Design and Scientific Perspectives of Chinese IPS Telescope | An IPS telescope array is going to be built in the next two years under the National Science Infrastructure Project of China, with the main IPS telescope of three 140m*40m cylinder antennas located in MUSER site and two 30m antennas in two nearby counties each about 200 km away. The working frequency will be at 327 MHz and 654 MHz with dual linear polarizations. The cylinder antennas will have a sky zenith angle of 60 degrees and be able to observe thousands of radio sources. The IPS telescope will provide important information about solar wind and solar solar eruptions from the Sun to the Earth environment. The scientific perspectives of the telescope are introduced. | Topical Issue 1 | |||||||||||||||||
48 | accepted JASR 15990 | Caterina | Tiburzi | Netherlands | ASTRON - Netherlands institute for Radio Astronomy, Netherlands | 1984cat.ti@gmail.com | Bernard Jackson Luca Cotas Golam Mohiuddin Shaifullah Richard Fallows | Validation of IPS-based tomography of heliospheric conditions using pulsar dispersion measurements | Solar-wind tomography based on interplanetary scintillation (IPS) studies provides fundamental information for space-weather forecasting models, and gives a way to determine heliospheric column densities. Here we compare the time series of Solar-wind column densities derived from long-term, low radio-frequency observations of pulsars, and the Solar-wind reconstruction provided by the IPS tomography. This work represents a completely independent comparison and validation of both techniques to provide this measurement, and it strengthens confidence in the use of both in space-weather analyses applications. | Topical Issue 1 | 8 | 1/31/2022 | ||||||||||||||
49 | Darren | De Zeeuw | United States of America | NASA/GSFC, USA | darren.dezeeuw@nasa.gov | Kamodo Visualization | ||||||||||||||||||||
50 | Bernadett | Belucz | United Kingdom | University of Sheffield, UK | b.belucz@sheffield.ac.uk | Mausumi Dikpati, Marianna Korsos, Anett Elek, Robertus Erdelyi | Study the non-axisymmetric components of solar magnetic field | The large magnetic field is axisymmetric with the first approximation to the Sun’s rotation axis, however, a number of observational evidence confirm that there is also a persistent, low-level, non-axisymmetric component of the magnetic field. Examples of such evidence are active longitudes (Berdyugina et al., 2006; Ivanov, 2007; Li 2011). The connection between dynamo theory and the occurrence of active longitudes in solar activity needs explore. The existence of migrating active longitudes insure an powerful constraint on the dynamo theory. Research aiming to simulate the connections and relationships between the long-lived sunspot active longitudes and the differential rotation by dynamical dynamo model. | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
51 | Siqing | Liu | China | National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China | liusq@nssc.ac.cn | 12/31/2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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