ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
1
CounrtyLink
2
Argentinahttps://www.taylorvinters.com/news/argentina-new-rules-worker-surveillance-safety
https://www.argentina.gob.ar/sites/default/files/infoleg/res479.pdf
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/argentina-data-protection-overview
https://www.financierworldwide.com/cyber-security-and-data-privacy-in-argentina#.YIK_4ehKhPZ
https://www.replicon.com/regulation/argentina/
https://www.derechosdigitales.org/wp-content/uploads/cuerpo_DATO.pdf
https://www.argentina.gob.ar/justicia/derechofacil/leysimple/datos-personales
https://thelawreviews.co.uk/title/the-employment-law-review/argentina
https://knowledge.leglobal.org/argentina-can-employers-monitor-employees-corporate-emails/
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/argentina#:~:text=ICLG%20%2D%20Data%20Protection%20Laws%20and,of%20processors%20%2D%20in%2039%20jurisdictions.
3
Australiahttps://www.fairwork.gov.au/pay/pay-slips-and-record-keeping/record-keeping#:~:text=Employers%20have%20to%20keep%20time%20and%20wages%20records%20for%207%20years.
https://www.pinsentmasons.com/out-law/analysis/fingerprint-case-highlights-importance-of-biometric-policies-and-consent
https://legalvision.com.au/collect-sensitive-information-employees/
https://www.aspen.co/globalassets/privacy-documents/hr-retention/hr-retention-australia---may-2018.pdf
https://www.oaic.gov.au/privacy/your-privacy-rights/your-personal-information/access-your-personal-information/
https://www.fairwork.gov.au/tools-and-resources/best-practice-guides/workplace-privacy
https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/human-rights-record-recruitment-chapter-5
https://www.workplaceassured.com.au/news/can-you-monitor-employees-emails-and-phone-calls
https://legalvision.com.au/conduct-surveillance-employees/
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/australia#:~:text=ICLG%20%2D%20Data%20Protection%20Laws%20and,of%20processors%20%2D%20in%2039%20jurisdictions.
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/australia
https://www.oaic.gov.au/privacy/your-privacy-rights/employment/workplace-surveillance/
https://www.rigbycooke.com.au/surveillance-in-the-workplace/
https://lawpath.com.au/blog/5-things-you-need-to-know-about-the-workplace-surveillance-act
https://business.gov.au/people/customers/installing-video-surveillance
https://www.qld.gov.au/recreation/sports/facilities/surveillance-statement
4
Austriahttps://www.dorda.at/sites/default/files/dpa_-_records_retention_austria.pdf
https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Erv/ERV_1999_1_165/ERV_1999_1_165.html
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/austria
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/austria
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/austria
http://www.fklaw.hu/Meritas%20Europe%20&%20Middle%20East%20Guide%20to%20Monitoring%20Employees%20in%20the%20Work%20Place%202019.pdf
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/austria-eur-1500-gdpr-fine-cctv-takeway-covered-street-schweiger/
5
Belgiumhttps://web.archive.org/web/20210127130234/https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/belgium
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/belgium#:~:text=ICLG%20%2D%20Data%20Protection%20Laws%20and,of%20processors%20%2D%20in%2039%20jurisdictions.
https://www.partena-professional.be/en/knowledge-center/infoflashes/monitoring-use-email-and-internet-access-v-right-privacy-what-can
https://www.mondaq.com/social-media/902518/social-media-and-the-workplace-legal-considerations-for-employers
https://www.loyensloeff.com/be/en/news/articles-and-newsflashes/belgian-rules-on-use-of-surveillance-cameras-revised-n11582/
6
Brazilhttps://www.replicon.com/regulation/brazil-labor-laws/
http://www.tifluidsystems.com/wp-content/uploads/CF-7-BR-5500_Brazil.pdf
https://www.oitchau.com.br/blog/reconhecimento-de-biometria-facial-o-que-e-como-funciona/
https://www.mondaq.com/brazil/employee-rights-labour-relations/883352/brazil39s-data-protection-law-hr39s-perspective
https://www.mayerbrown.com/en/perspectives-events/publications/2019/06/impacts-of-brazils-new-general-law-of-data-protection-on-labor-relationships
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/brazil-data-protection-overview
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/brazil
https://iapp.org/resources/article/brazilian-data-protection-law-lgpd-english-translation/
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/brazil#
https://www.migalhas.com.br/depeso/327743/impactos-da-lgpd-no-monitoramento-de-empregados
https://www.worktime.com/12-most-asked-questions-on-brazil-employee-monitoring-laws
https://iuslaboris.com/insights/an-international-view-on-video-surveillance-of-employees/
https://www.shrm.org/ResourcesAndTools/hr-topics/global-hr/Pages/hidden-video-surveillance-outside-the-EU.aspx
7
Canadahttps://iapp.org/media/pdf/resource_center/comparative_legal_guide_2019.pdf
https://www.canadaemploymenthumanrightslaw.com/2020/03/surveillance-in-the-workplace/
https://www.priv.gc.ca/en/privacy-topics/surveillance/video-surveillance-by-businesses/gl_vs_080306/
https://www.legalline.ca/legal-answers/cameras-and-audio-tapes-in-the-workplace/#:~:text=In%20Canada%2C%20surveillance%20cameras%20can,the%20Privacy%20Commissioner%20of%20Canada.
https://financialpost.com/executive/careers/howard-levitt-its-completely-legal-for-your-employer-to-spy-on-you-but-theres-a-catch
https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/en-ca/knowledge/publications/77b629db/keeping-track-of-employees-from-a-distance-monitoring-technologies-and-related-legal-considerations
https://quickbooks.intuit.com/ca/resources/time-tracking/how-canadian-employees-feel-about-gps-tracking-in-the-workplace/
https://www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/services/labour-standards/reports/records.html
https://www.airdberlis.com/insights/blogs/thespotlight/post/ts-item/biometric-identification-and-privacy-concerns-a-canadian-perspective
https://hrdailyadvisor.blr.com/2009/03/03/can-employers-use-biometrics-in-their-canadian-workplaces/
https://www.linklaters.com/en/insights/data-protected/data-protected---canada#:~:text=Canada%20adopted%20a%20strict%20%E2%80%9Canti,any%20individual%20(see%20below).&text=Organisations%20may%20only%20retain%20personal,the%20fulfilment%20of%20those%20purposes.
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/canada
https://privatech.ca/2020/05/26/monitoring-the-employee-working-from-home/
8
Chilehttps://www.replicon.com/regulation/chile/
https://www.dt.gob.cl/portal/1628/w3-article-60131.html
https://www.bnamericas.com/en/news/snapshot-thermal-sensors-to-fight-covid-19-inside-mining-facilities
https://www.alessandri.legal/en/due-care-of-biometric-data/
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/chile-data-protection-overview
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/chile
https://www.acc.com/sites/default/files/resources/upload/DP19_E-Edition.pdf
https://www.4gflota.com/blog/es-legal-localizar-al-empleado-a-traves-de-gps/
https://www.dt.gob.cl/legislacion/1624/w3-article-63600.html
https://nosteal.cl/camaras-seguridad-trabajo/
9
Chinahttps://www.bakermckenzie.com/-/media/files/insight/publications/2017/04/nl_china_employmentlawupdate_20170401.pdf
https://www.businessinsider.com/china-emotional-surveillance-technology-2018-4?r=US&IR=T
https://www.biometricupdate.com/202104/chinese-court-upholds-face-biometric-data-collection-complaint-verdict
https://www.twobirds.com/en/news/articles/2020/china/china-guidelines-for-employers-and-employees-on-the-collection-and-use-of-personal-data
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/china
https://thelawreviews.co.uk/title/the-employment-law-review/china
https://www.mondaq.com/china/employee-rights-labour-relations/659692/employee-email-monitoring-is-legal-in-china
https://www.slashgear.com/chinese-province-deploys-real-time-gps-trackers-to-monitor-workers-07572329/
https://www.slashgear.com/chinese-province-deploys-real-time-gps-trackers-to-monitor-workers-07572329/
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/china#:~:text=ICLG%20%2D%20Data%20Protection%20Laws%20and,of%20processors%20%2D%20in%2039%20jurisdictions.
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3056783
https://www.globallegalinsights.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/china#:~:text=Currently%20there%20is%20no%20prohibition,instead%20of%20a%20private%20area.
https://www.globallegalinsights.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/china#:~:text=Currently%20there%20is%20no%20prohibition,instead%20of%20a%20private%20area.
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/12/world/asia/china-office-cushion-surveillance.html
10
Colombiahttps://humanresources.columbia.edu/content/time-and-attendance#:~:text=All%20time%20and%20attendance%20records,for%20at%20least%20six%20years.
https://archive.org/details/biometria2/page/n9/mode/2up
https://www.dlapiperdataprotection.com/index.html?t=definitions&c=CO
https://web.archive.org/web/20210123115330/https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/colombia
https://www.ambitojuridico.com/noticias/analisis/laboral-y-seguridad-social/puede-el-patrono-revisar-los-correos-electronicos
https://www.ambitojuridico.com/noticias/laboral/laboral-y-seguridad-social/es-valido-que-el-empleador-active-gps-en-los-telefonos#:~:text=No%20existe%20una%20norma%20expresa,vida%20privada%20de%20los%20trabajadores.
https://www.ambitojuridico.com/noticias/laboral/constitucional-y-derechos-humanos/camaras-de-video-en-areas-de-trabajo-deben
11
Czech Republic
https://www.pravniprostor.cz/clanky/spravni-pravo/dochazkovy-system-s-pouzitim-biometriky-otisky-prstu-zamestnancu-co-na-to-gdpr
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/czech-republic
https://web.archive.org/web/20201128200003/https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/czech-republic
https://www.uoou.cz/assets/File.ashx?id_org=200156&id_dokumenty=1168&p1=0
https://iuslaboris.com/insights/an-international-view-on-video-surveillance-of-employees/
https://danovky.cz/en/time-clocks-really-cjeu-s-decision-on-recording-working-hours-and-its-effect-on-czech-employers
http://www.tifluidsystems.com/wp-content/uploads/CF-7-CZ-5500_Czech-Republic.pdf
12
Egypthttps://asd-law.com/app/uploads/2019/02/Meritas-Europe-Middle-East-Guide-to-Monitoring-Employees-in-the-Work-Place-2019.pdf
https://www.mayerbrown.com/public_docs/TheUseofSocialMediainTheWorkplace.pdf
https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/56368/Gov-t-to-install-surveillance-cameras-in-new-bid-to
https://www.dlapiperdataprotection.com/index.html?t=collection-and-processing&c=EG
https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2019/01/egypt-regime-surveillance-cameras-restaurants-opposition.html
https://www.globallegalinsights.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/egypt#chaptercontent6
https://iclg.com/alb/14398-key-features-of-the-2020-egyptian-data-protection-act
https://www.acc.com/sites/default/files/resources/vl/membersonly/Article/1483241_1.pdf
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/egypt-data-protection-overview
https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/82469/Fingerprint-biometric-attendance-system-suspended-in-some-Egyptian-institutions
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=e89465ec-1c58-42fd-ab1c-7a0459d85fb0
13
Francehttps://www.celiaalliance.com/french-supreme-court-specifies-the-conditions-under-which-gps-may-be-used.html
https://www.klgates.com/do-employers-now-need-to-measure-daily-working-hours-of-all-workers-06-12-2019/
https://www.dataguidance.com/opinion/france-cnil-guidance-data-retention
https://www.biometricupdate.com/201904/cnil-sets-rules-for-biometric-employee-time-and-attendance-systems-in-france
https://www.cnil.fr/fr/question-reponses-sur-le-reglement-type-biometrie
https://blogs.dlapiper.com/privacymatters/france-the-first-cnil-standard-regulation-for-biometric-systems-in-the-workplace/
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/france
https://privacylaw.proskauer.com/2019/04/articles/gdpr/french-dpa-issues-robust-model-regulation-for-biometric-access-controls-in-the-workplace/
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/france#:~:text=ICLG%20%2D%20Data%20Protection%20Laws%20and,of%20processors%20%2D%20in%2039%20jurisdictions.
https://www.cnil.fr/fr/lenregistrement-video-ou-la-capture-decran-couple-lenregistrement-des-conversations-telephoniques
14
Germanyhttps://factorialhr.com/blog/what-about-time-attendance-around-europe/#:~:text=The%20time%20and%20attendance%20records,track%20of%20their%20working%20hours.
https://www.biometricupdate.com/202005/biometric-time-and-attendance-systems-restricted-by-european-data-protection-rules-dutch-authority-issues-fine
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/germany
https://www.bakermckenzie.com/-/media/files/people/lutz-holger/ar_germany_employeemonitoring_2019.pdf
https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_bdsg/englisch_bdsg.html#p0173
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/germany
https://tech.eu/features/27719/workplace-monitoring-whats-going-on-in-europe-and-elsewhere/
https://iuslaboris.com/insights/an-international-view-on-video-surveillance-of-employees/
15
Hong Konghttps://www.labour.gov.hk/eng/faq/smw_keeping_record.htm
https://www.labour.gov.hk/eng/public/wcp/KeepRecord.pdf
https://www.pcpd.org.hk/english/resources_centre/publications/files/GN_biometric_e.pdf
https://www.acc.com/sites/default/files/resources/upload/DP19_E-Edition.pdf
https://www.linklaters.com/en/insights/data-protected/data-protected---hong-kong
https://www.acc.com/sites/default/files/resources/upload/EMP19_E-edition%20Reduced%20File%20Size.pdf
https://www.pcpd.org.hk/english/resources_centre/publications/files/BYOD_e.pdf
https://www.pcpd.org.hk/english/resources_centre/publications/files/physical_tracking_e.pdf
https://www.pcpd.org.hk/english/publications/files/monguide_e.pdf
16
Indiahttps://www.biometricupdate.com/202003/fingerprint-biometric-attendance-systems-suspended-in-india-as-impacts-of-coronavirus-considered
https://www.mondaq.com/india/privacy-protection/857992/biometric-data-regime-in-india
https://blog.greythr.com/records-retention-obligations-of-employer
https://www.rkdewan.com/articledetails.php?artid=183
https://www.mondaq.com/india/privacy-protection/956252/brief-note-on-spdi
https://www.newindianexpress.com/business/marketing/2021/feb/18/is-employee-monitoring-permitted-in-india-2265776.html
https://www.lawdonut.co.uk/personal/blog/20/02/it-legal-to-monitor-my-employees-workplace#:~:text=India%3A%20Currently%20India%20allows%20employers,manner%20while%20at%20the%20workplace.&text=Without%20that%20consent%2C%20employers%20are,emails%2C%20keystrokes%20and%20so%20on.
https://www.managingip.com/article/b1mwb17ytdbtw3/navigating-data-privacy-dont-be-taken-for-a-ride
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/india
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/india
https://www.worktime.com/12-most-asked-questions-on-indian-employee-monitoring-laws#C5
https://www.pathlegal.in/The-Use-of-Surveillance-Cameras-in-The-Workplace--Is-It-Lega-blog-2383105
17
Indonesiahttps://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/indonesia#:~:text=ICLG%20%2D%20Data%20Protection%20Laws%20and,of%20processors%20%2D%20in%2039%20jurisdictions.
https://www.worktime.com/12-most-asked-questions-on-the-indonesian-employee-monitoring-laws#C1
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/travail/docs/760/Indonesian+Labour+Law+-+Act+13+of+2003.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324775712_Fingerprint_Monitoring_and_Work_Discipline_of_Indonesian_Public_Servants_Evidence_from_Kepulauan_Riau/fulltext/5ae1f1c7a6fdcc91399fc32f/Fingerprint-Monitoring-and-Work-Discipline-of-Indonesian-Public-Servants-Evidence-from-Kepulauan-Riau.pdf
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/indonesia
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=14719cf4-5733-467b-b5c8-9c9fb59a48e5
18
Iraqhttps://www.biometricupdate.com/202008/three-hotels-in-iraq-choose-iris-id-biometrics-for-accurate-contactless-time-and-attendance-tracking
https://epic.org/privacy/biometrics/iraq.html
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/iraq-data-protection-overview#:~:text=Document%20Retention%20Law%20No.,end%20of%20the%20employment%20relationship.
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=8fc1dc22-85ab-453a-b833-d4de286f9ff9
19
Italyhttps://factorialhr.com/blog/what-about-time-attendance-around-europe/
https://globalinvestigationsreview.com/insight/know-how/data-privacy-and-transfer-in-investigations/report/italy
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/italy#
https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/2-503-3122?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)&firstPage=true
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/italy
https://www.aranagenzia.it/attachments/article/11291/Eurofound%20-%20Employee%20monitoring%20and%20surveillance.%20The%20challenges%20of%20digitalisati
https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/italy-s-data-protection-authority-19740/
20
Japanhttps://www.ppc.go.jp/files/pdf/Act_on_the_Protection_of_Personal_Information.pdf
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/japan
https://www.jil.go.jp/english/reports/documents/jilpt-reports/no.14.pdf
https://www.generalunion.org/laws-and-rights/1489-does-your-employer-have-the-right-to-record-video-of-you
https://japan-lawyer.com/2019/02/05/106/#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20Labor%20Standards,well%20as%20late%20night%20allowances.
https://www.techrepublic.com/index.php/article/fujitsu-will-replace-passwords-and-keycards-with-palm-scanning-for-80k-employees-in-japan/
https://wire19.com/idemia-ramps-up-its-japanese-office-and-moves-it-to-tokyos-shibuya-district/
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/japan
21
Korea, Southhttps://www.privacy.go.kr/cmm/fms/FileDown.do?atchFileId=FILE_000000000830758&fileSn=4&nttId=8186&toolVer=&toolCntKey_1=
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/korea
https://www.jil.go.jp/english/reports/documents/jilpt-reports/no.14_korea.pdf
https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/6-508-2342?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)&firstPage=true
https://www.linklaters.com/en/insights/data-protected/data-protected---republic-of-korea
https://www.acc.com/sites/default/files/resources/upload/EMP19_E-edition%20Reduced%20File%20Size.pdf
https://content.next.westlaw.com/1-375-8744?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)&__lrTS=20180809153454259&firstPage=true
http://news.kmib.co.kr/article/view.asp?arcid=0013182825&code=61122015&cp=nv
22
Malaysiahttps://www.malaysiakini.com/announcement/550526
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/malaysia-data-protection-overview
https://www.acc.com/sites/default/files/resources/upload/DP19_E-Edition.pdf
https://www.shinassociates.com.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Malaysia-Employment-Labour-Law-2019.pdf
https://dnh.com.my/busybodies-in-business-is-there-privacy-in-the-workplace/
https://www.pdp.gov.my/jpdpv2/laws-of-malaysia-pdpa/personal-data-protection-act-2010/?lang=en
https://egsentrik.mohe.gov.my/egbio_v2/garis_panduan.pdf
23
Mexicohttps://www.shrm.org/ResourcesAndTools/hr-topics/global-hr/Pages/hidden-video-surveillance-outside-the-EU.aspx
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=65bf9b70-ad05-41f6-a806-258e03bbddd9
https://www.forbes.com.mx/el-monitoreo-de-empleados-una-invasion-a-la-privacidad/
https://ccn-law.com/ccn-mexico-report/relevant-aspects-consider-managing-employee-attendance-records-maria-fernanda-magallanes/
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/mexico-data-protection-overview
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/mexico
https://web.archive.org/web/20201124005821/https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/mexico
24
Netherlandshttps://factorialhr.com/blog/what-about-time-attendance-around-europe/
https://www.biometricupdate.com/202005/biometric-time-and-attendance-systems-restricted-by-european-data-protection-rules-dutch-authority-issues-fine
https://thelawreviews.co.uk/title/the-employment-law-review/netherlands
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/netherlands
https://www.vanzeijlbijlaartsen.nl/gps-in-de-bedrijfsauto-navigatie-of-controlemiddel-voor-de-werkgever/
https://eaccny.com/news/member-news/technology-in-the-workplace-an-overview-of-employment-law-issues-in-europe/
https://business.gov.nl/regulation/cctv-monitoring/
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Nigeriahttps://www.m2sys.com/biometric-fingerprint-software-case-biometric-bdentification-for-nigerian-federal-employees/
https://taxtech.com.ng/download/Nigeria%20Data%20Protection%20Regulation%202019%20Implementation%20Framework.pdf
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/WEBTEXT/42156/64980/E74NGA01.htm
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/nigeria
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/nigeria#:~:text=ICLG%20%2D%20Data%20Protection%20Laws%20and,of%20processors%20%2D%20in%2039%20jurisdictions.
https://www.securetech.com.ng/blog/surveillance-in-the-workplace/
26
Norwayhttps://www.altinn.no/en/start-and-run-business/accounts-and-auditing/accounting/retention-of-accounting-documents/#:~:text=Primary%20documentation%20must%20generally%20be,secondary%20documentation%20is%203.5%20years.
https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/21847/3/87273.pdf
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/norway
https://www.linklaters.com/en/insights/data-protected/data-protected---norway#:~:text=The%20Personal%20Data%20Act%20provides,the%20prevention%2C%20investigation%2C%20detection%20and
https://knowledge.leglobal.org/hiring-practices-in-norway/
https://lovdata.no/dokument/SF/forskrift/2018-07-02-1108
https://www.datatilsynet.no/personvern-pa-ulike-omrader/personvern-pa-arbeidsplassen/innsyn-epost-filer/
https://www.datatilsynet.no/personvern-pa-ulike-omrader/personvern-pa-arbeidsplassen/overvaking-kjoretoy/
https://www.aranagenzia.it/attachments/article/11291/Eurofound%20-%20Employee%20monitoring%20and%20surveillance.%20The%20challenges%20of%20digitalisati
https://www.mayerbrown.com/public_docs/TheUseofSocialMediainTheWorkplace.pdf
https://lovdata.no/dokument/SF/forskrift/2018-07-02-1107
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Pakistanhttps://www.asmag.com/showpost/19962.aspx
https://www.nadra.gov.pk/biometric-attendance-control/
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/pakistan
https://www.mondaq.com/privacy/1005646/data-privacy-comparative-guide
https://web.archive.org/web/20200929030844/https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/pakistan
https://www.acc.com/sites/default/files/resources/upload/DP19_E-Edition.pdf
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Peruhttps://www.biometricupdate.com/201910/ipsidy-introduces-biometric-mobile-identity-verification-in-peru
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/peru-data-protection-overview
https://cms.law/en/int/expert-guides/cms-expert-guide-to-data-protection-and-cyber-security-laws/peru
https://www.dlapiperintelligence.com/goingglobal/employment/index.html?t=03-pre-hire-checks
https://gestion.pe/economia/management-empleo/empresas-adecuadamente-gps-controlar-labores-trabajadores-267532-noticia/
https://www.dataguidance.com/opinion/peru-new-apdp-requirements-lawful-use-video-surveillance-businesses
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Philippineshttps://dotr.gov.ph/images/Internal_concern/personnel/CompensationBenefitsSection/Employee%20Guide%20on%20Official%20Working%20%20Hours%20and%20Office%20Attendance.pdf
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/philippines
https://www.privacy.gov.ph/implementing-rules-regulations-data-privacy-act-2012/
https://www.linklaters.com/en/insights/data-protected/data-protected---philippines#:~:text=The%20Data%20Privacy%20Act%20and%20the%20IRR%20define%20%22Sensitive%20Personal,alleged%20offences%20relating%20to%20that
https://www.dlapiperintelligence.com/goingglobal/employment/index.html?t=03-pre-hire-checks
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1286931/employers-may-monitor-staff-in-workhome-setup-npc
https://www.lawdonut.co.uk/personal/blog/20/02/it-legal-to-monitor-my-employees-workplace#:~:text=Philippines%3A%20As%20things%20stand%2C%20there,are%20no%20laws%20against%20it.
https://www.privacy.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Advisory-on-CCTV-16NOV2020-FINAL.pdf
https://insightplus.bakermckenzie.com/bm/data-technology/philippines-ctv-use-guidelines-issued-by-the-philippine-national-privacy-commission
https://vgrouplimited.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/2019.06.28_Data-Retention-Destruction-Policy.pdf
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Polandhttps://lexdigital.pl/urzadzenia-mobilne-pracownikow-a-rodo
https://www.politykabezpieczenstwa.pl/pl/a/monitoring-wizyjny-w-zakladzie-pracy-jako-forma-przetwarzania-danych-osobowych
https://web.archive.org/web/20210120073020/https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/poland
https://www.rsmpoland.pl/en/blog/audit-accountancy/changes-employee-record-keeping-requirements-2019
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/poland
https://www.bakermckenzie.com/en/insight/publications/2019/05/further-changes-to-data-protection
https://uodo.gov.pl/pl/138/1521
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Romaniahttps://www.avocatoo.ro/blog/ce-facem-cu-procesarea-datelor-biometrice-ale-angajatilor-amprentelor-in-contextul-gdp/
https://mercans.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Mercans.Country.Guide_.Romania.2020.04.02.pdf
https://www.whitecase.com/publications/article/gdpr-guide-national-implementation-romania#:~:text=the%20period%20for%20storage%20of,except%20in%20certain%20specific%20situations).
https://szilaghi.com/ro/este-localizarea-gps-o-monitorizare-permanenta-a-angajatilor-in-cadrul-gdpr/
https://www.mondaq.com/employee-rights-labour-relations/634046/is-the-monitoring-of-employees-still-possible-in-the-light-of-the-echr-barbulescu-vs-romania-case-and-the-gdpr
https://www.linklaters.com/en/insights/data-protected/data-protected---romania
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/romania
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/romania-national-gdpr-implementation-overview
https://www.nndkp.ro/articles/romania-update-on-gdpr-legislation/
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Russiahttps://iuslaboris.com/insights/new-retention-rules-for-hr-documents-in-russia/
https://www.worktime.com/12-most-asked-questions-on-russian-employee-monitoring-laws#C1
https://www.hg.org/legal-articles/video-surveillance-in-the-workplace-and-employees-phone-calls-recording-legal-issues-and-procedure-in-russia-47010
https://iuslaboris.com/insights/an-international-view-on-video-surveillance-of-employees/
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/russia#:~:text=There%20is%20no%20legal%20requirement,the%20alleged%20infringer%20be%20arranged.
https://epam.ru/files/documents/insights/ICLG_Russia%20Employment%20&%20Labour%20Law%202019.pdf
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/russia-data-protection-overview
https://base.garant.ru/73524230/
https://base.garant.ru/12137300/eb1341d8e96a5d9dccd0f8207a3c20f0/
https://www.tspor.ru/news/3543-doljen-li-rabotnik-predostavlyat-svoi-biometriyu
https://www.vedomosti.ru/management/articles/2016/10/26/662408-biometricheskii-kontrol-sotrudnikov
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=5cc1751f-6375-4eae-9b2d-df86afed4434
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Saudi Arabiahttps://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=6ba28ace-2bcf-49a7-9cba-98b08a8ff5a6
https://www.arabnews.com/node/959226/saudi-arabia
https://www.dlapiperdataprotection.com/index.html?t=definitions&c=SA
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/saudi-arabia
https://www.saudiembassy.net/labor-and-workmen-law
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/saudi-arabia-data-protection-overview
https://www.biometricupdate.com/201502/tbs-installs-biometric-time-and-attendance-system-at-saudi-arabia-university
https://www.sama.gov.sa/en-US/Laws/BankingRules/Anti-Money%20Laundering%20Law.pdf
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Singaporehttps://singaporelegaladvice.com/law-articles/legally-install-cctvs-home-business-singapore/
https://www.privacy.com.sg/resources/cctv-law-singapore-edition-rights/
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/singapore
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/singapore
https://www.efficient.com.sg/should-i-install-a-biometric-reader-in-my-workplace/
https://www.mom.gov.sg/employment-practices/employment-records
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South Africahttps://www.ppmattorneys.co.za/biometrics-work-place-stay-compliant/
http://www.paymaster.co.za/keeping-employee-records/#:~:text=The%20employer%20should%20retain%20the,years%20after%20termination%20of%20employment.&text=A%20wage%20and%20attendance%20register,date%20of%20the%20last%20entry.
https://www.ersbio.co.za/how-does-the-popi-act-the-constitution-or-rica-impact-staff-monitoring-solutions/#:~:text=The%20Constitution%20%E2%80%93%20The%20right%20of,Constitution%20of%20South%20Africa%2C%201996.&text=your%20employer%20can%20monitor%20or,as%20from%20your%20employment%20contract.
https://www.dlapiperintelligence.com/goingglobal/employment/index.html?t=03-pre-hire-checks
https://www.linklaters.com/en/insights/data-protected/data-protected---south-africa
https://www.mondaq.com/southafrica/privacy-protection/975296/popi-in-the-workplace-a-quick-guide-for-employers
http://www.wallrich.co.za/documents/GUIDE%20ON%20THE%20RETENTION%20OF%20RECORDS.pdf
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/south-africa
https://www.labourguide.co.za/most-recent/1509-video-a-audio-surveillance-in-the-workplace#:~:text=Although%20not%20a%20requirement%2C%20employers,such%20as%20a%20disciplinary%20hearing.
https://www.insurancechat.co.za/2018-03/cctv-in-the-workplace-what-do-we-need-to-know/
https://www.news24.com/fin24/finweek/the-ethics-of-monitoring-your-employees-20201029#:~:text=SA%20legislation&text=In%20terms%20of%20POPIA%2C%20employees,specific%20exemption%20can%20be%20established.
https://globalcompliancenews.com/south-africa-trust-is-good-but-monitoring-is-better-the-legal-implications-of-employee-monitoring-in-a-home-setting-08032021/
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Spainhttps://ogletree.com/insights/a-gdpr-update-for-employers-part-ii-aligning-hr-practices-to-comply-with-national-legislation-implementing-the-gdpr/
https://iuslaboris.com/insights/an-international-view-on-video-surveillance-of-employees/
http://www.medialaws.eu/the-spanish-supreme-court-of-justice-held-that-the-data-of-the-gps-geolocator-in-a-company-vehicle-is-lawful-if-the-employee-is-informed-of-its-installation/
https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2018-16673
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/spain
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/spain
https://elderecho.com/biometrica-control-laboral-injerencia-control-licito
https://mihi.com/eu-timekeeping-law-change/
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Swedenhttps://www.imy.se/vagledningar/kamerabevakning/lagringstid-och-behorighet/
https://www.imy.se/vagledningar/kamerabevakning/
https://www.imy.se/vagledningar/arbetsliv/kontroll-och-overvakning/
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/sweden
https://www.linklaters.com/en/insights/data-protected/data-protected---sweden#:~:text=In%20Sweden%2C%20the%20Data%20Protection,made%20subject%20to%20certain%20conditions.
https://www.imy.se/fragor-och-svar/gdpr/
https://www.imy.se/vagledningar/arbetsliv/biometri/
https://www.ingenjoren.se/2020/09/23/overvakning-pa-jobbet-okar-ocksa-i-sverige/
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Switzerlandhttp://www.fklaw.hu/Meritas%20Europe%20&%20Middle%20East%20Guide%20to%20Monitoring%20Employees%20in%20the%20Work%20Place%202019.pdf
https://www.edoeb.admin.ch/edoeb/de/home/dokumentation/datenschutz/leitfaeden/internet--und-e-mail-ueberwachung-am-arbeitsplatz.html
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/switzerland#:~:text=ICLG%20%2D%20Data%20Protection%20Laws%20and,of%20processors%20%2D%20in%2039%20jurisdictions.
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/switzerland
https://www.edoeb.admin.ch/edoeb/de/home/dokumentation/datenschutz/leitfaeden/bearbeitung-von-personendaten-im-arbeitsbereich.html
https://www.edoeb.admin.ch/edoeb/de/home/dokumentation/datenschutz/leitfaeden/leitfaden-zu-biometrischen-erkennungssystemen.html
https://www.walderwyss.com/user_assets/publications/1860.pdf
https://www.widmer.ch/fileadmin/templates/publikationen/EU-Retention-Guide-2014-Switzerland.pdf
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Taiwanhttps://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/taiwan
https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=I0050021#
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/taiwan
https://www.hr.org.tw/news2.asp?ctype=7&autono=9689
https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/9-633-4823?__lrTS=20171204133037845&transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)&firstPage=true#co_anchor_a913276
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Thailandhttps://www.smbc.co.jp/asia/thailand/resources/pdf/TH-PDPA.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/20201020053702/https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/thailand
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/thailand
https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/8-617-6522?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)&firstPage=true
https://www.lawplusltd.com/Newsletter/2020/Z003.0312.PDPA%20Episode%206.JXA.UU.PNK.KS.final.pdf?_t=1584067936
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/thailand-data-protection-overview
https://www.zkteco.com/en/cases_detail/60.html
https://roubler.com/th/biometric-facial-recognition-time-attendance/
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Turkeyhttps://ceelegalmatters.com/turkey/5547-workplace-privacy-and-employee-monitoring-under-the-new-turkish-data-protection-law#:~:text=Like%20the%20Turkish%20Constitution%2C%20the,can%20process%20those%20individuals'%20data.&text=This%20is%20because%20consent%20is,the%20context%20of%20workplace%20privacy.
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=5088f20c-0e90-436b-93e8-018c34d417c9
https://www.gurkaynak.av.tr/docs/cc68a-records-retention-turkey.pdf
https://www.mondaq.com/turkey/data-protection/958906/evaluation-of-biometric-personnel-attendance-control-systems-under-data-protection-law
https://www.mondaq.com/turkey/employee-rights-labour-relations/998352/the-turkish-constitutional-court-reframes-the-principles-for-surveillance-of-employee-e-mails
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/turkey
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Ukrainehttps://www.ombudsman.gov.ua/ua/all-news/pr/pravo-robotodavczya-na-zaxist-svo%d1%94%d1%97-vlasnost%d1%96-vs.-pravo-pracz%d1%96vnika-na-povagu-do-privatnogo-zhittya/
https://thepoint.rabota.ua/chy-dozvoleni-sotsmerezhi-ta-virtualni-ihry-u-robochyy-chas/
http://legalweekly.com.ua/index.php?id=16061&show=news&newsid=123063
https://news.dtkt.ua/labor/labor-relations/65884
https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/0-623-1565?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)&firstPage=true
https://www.linklaters.com/en/insights/data-protected/data-protected---ukraine
https://iapp.org/news/a/in-these-three-countries-employee-consent-may-be-the-only-way-to-transfer-their-data/
https://thelawreviews.co.uk/title/the-employment-law-review/ukraine
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United Arab Emirates
https://bsabh.com/employee-monitoring-in-the-uae/
https://www.biometricupdate.com/202102/uae-cabinet-approves-trial-of-facial-recognition-for-private-sector-services
https://www.aspen.co/globalassets/privacy-documents/hr-retention/hr-retention-dubai-may-2018.pdf
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/uae-data-protection-overview
https://www.linklaters.com/en/insights/data-protected/data-protected---difc
https://www.acc.com/sites/default/files/resources/upload/EMP19_E-edition%20Reduced%20File%20Size.pdf
https://www.crownrms.com/ae/insights/how-long-should-documents-be-retained-in-the-uae/
https://bestwinslaw.com/data-protection-and-employee-monitoring-in-the-uae/
https://www.lawdonut.co.uk/personal/blog/20/02/it-legal-to-monitor-my-employees-workplace#:~:text=Philippines%3A%20As%20things%20stand%2C%20there,are%20no%20laws%20against%20it.
https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/money/can-my-employer-legally-check-my-work-emails-1.1091228#:~:text=The%20Cybercrimes%20Law%20makes%20it,strictly%20for%20work%2Drelated%20reasons.
https://www.mondaq.com/privacy-protection/867466/employee-monitoring-in-the-uae?
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United Kingdom
https://www.businesswatchgroup.co.uk/gdpr-and-cctv-a-guide-to-the-laws-of-cctv-in-the-workplace/#:~:text=Cameras%20should%20not%20be%20installed,to%20this%20within%20one%20month.
https://network-data-cabling.co.uk/blog/cctv-employees-rights/
https://www.worktime.com/12-most-asked-questions-on-uk-employee-monitoring-laws
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/united-kingdom#:~:text=ICLG%20%2D%20Data%20Protection%20Laws%20and,of%20processors%20%2D%20in%2039%20jurisdictions.
https://www.gov.uk/personal-data-my-employer-can-keep-about-me
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/united-kingdom
https://www.csoonline.com/article/3268184/biometrics-in-the-workplace-what-about-consent-and-legitimate-interest.html
https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers/keeping-records
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United Stateshttps://employment.findlaw.com/workplace-privacy/are-hidden-cameras-at-work-legal-.html
https://www.twobirds.com/en/news/articles/2018/germany/new-case-law-on-retention-periods-for-video-surveillance-at-the-workplace
https://www.cnet.com/news/amazon-drivers-must-consent-to-biometric-monitoring-or-lose-jobs-reports-say/
https://www.worktime.com/12-most-asked-questions-on-us-employee-monitoring-laws
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations/usa
https://iclg.com/practice-areas/data-protection-laws-and-regulations/usa#:~:text=ICLG%20%2D%20Data%20Protection%20Laws%20and,of%20processors%20%2D%20in%2039%20jurisdictions.
https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/15104-biometric-time-attendance-system-laws.html
https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/fact-sheets/21-flsa-recordkeeping
46
Vietnamhttps://vietnamnews.vn/talk-around-town/536410/the-era-of-surveillance-technology.html
https://www.dlapiperintelligence.com/goingglobal/employment/index.html?t=03-pre-hire-checks
https://www.mondaq.com/data-protection/1045454/vietnam-issues-new-draft-decree-on-personal-data-protection
https://www.dataguidance.com/notes/vietnam-data-protection-overview
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