prisoners-england-wales-long-run


1	Prevalence of imprisonment in England & Wales from 1670 and 2009					Repository:
2						http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
3						Version: 1.0
4		1670	1780	1820	mid-2009	sources and notes
5	population of England & Wales	5,000	7,000	11,318	54,809	persons in 1000s, except where otherwise specified
6	est. debtors in prison	15	2.1	3.4	0	for est. prisoners, see early estimates sheet, and prisoners-england-wales-debtors-circa-1800
7	est. total prisoners	17	4	16	84	UK Ministry of Justice, Population in custody monthly tables, June 2009, England and Wales
8	debtor-prisoners per 100,000 population	300	30	30	0	population in 1670, 1780: Wrigley and Schofield (1989), Population History of England, p. 528, Table A3.1
9	total prisoners per 100,000 population	333	63	139	153	2009: UK Office of National Statistics, Mid-2009 Population Estimates: England and Wales; estimated resident population by single year of age and sex
10
11
12	age shares:		(for 1781)	(for 1821)
13	share ages 15-24	18%	17%	18%	13%
14	share ages 25-59	43%	39%	36%	47%
15
16
17	total persons:
18	persons ages 15-24	907	1,224	2,068	7,278
19	persons ages 25-59	2,172	2,724	4,056	25,654
20
21	males ages 25-59				12,782
22	females ages 25-59				12,872
23	sex ratio				0.993


1	Persons imprisoned for debt in England, 1670-1840, by sex							Repository:
2								http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
3			prisoners for debt					Version: 1.0
4		all prisoners	male debtors	female debtors	all debtors	debtor sex ratio	debtor share of all prisoners	sources and notes
5	1670	16,429			15,000		91%	prisoners-england-wales-debtors-pre-1775
6	1776	4,173			2,437		58%	prisoners-england-wales-debtors-circa-1800
7	1779	4,380	1,965	119	2,084	16.5	48%	!'local prisoners, 1836-53'
8	1782	4,439	2,058	139	2,197	14.8	49%
9	1810	8,121	2,942	196	3,138	15.0	39%	The all prisoner figure is chosen to be comparable with the reporting for the debtor figures.
10	1820	15,761	3,130	225	3,355	13.9	21%
11	1830	18,959	2,838	177	3,015	16.0	16%
12	1840	14,378	1,394	86	1,480	16.2	10%
13	1850	13,850	1,061	34	1,095	31.2	8%


1	Prisoners in England and Wales from 1779 to 2009, yearly est. average daily number, by sex
2
3
4	year	sex ratio	total	males	females	source and notes
5	1779	8.4	4,380	3,912	468	summed from relevant sheets
6	1780					see individual sheets for sources and notes
7	1781
8	1782	7.2	4,439	3,896	543	Repository:
9	1783					http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
10	1784					Version: 1.0
11	1785
12	1786
13	1787
14	1788	8.1	7,482	6,663	819
15	1789
16	1790
17	1791
18	1792
19	1793
20	1794
21	1795
22	1796
23	1797
24	1798
25	1799
26	1800	6.6	6,235	5,411	824
27	1801
28	1802
29	1803
30	1804
31	1805
32	1806
33	1807
34	1808
35	1809
36	1810	6.6	8,121	7,052	1,069
37	1811
38	1812
39	1813
40	1814
41	1815
42	1816
43	1817
44	1818
45	1819
46	1820	5.9	15,761	13,475	2,286
47	1821
48	1822
49	1823
50	1824
51	1825
52	1826
53	1827
54	1828
55	1829
56	1830	6.8	18,959	16,533	2,426
57	1831
58	1832
59	1833
60	1834
61	1835
62	1836	6.6	16,877	14,671	2,207
63	1837	6.3	17,196	14,831	2,365
64	1838	6.0	17,360	14,864	2,496
65	1839	5.9	17,745	15,182	2,563
66	1840	5.9	19,473	16,655	2,817
67	1841	6.3	20,940	18,083	2,857
68	1842	6.7	22,222	19,353	2,869
69	1843	6.8	21,806	19,013	2,793
70	1844	6.4	19,488	16,866	2,622
71	1845	5.6	16,873	14,333	2,540
72	1846	5.1	15,573	13,031	2,542
73	1847	5.7	17,582	14,956	2,626
74	1848	6.3	21,136	18,227	2,909
75	1849	6.2	22,798	19,653	3,145
76	1850	6.3	21,786	18,798	2,988
77	1851	7.3	24,867	21,877	2,990
78	1852	6.7	23,985	20,881	3,104
79	1853	6.0	23,360	20,000	3,361
80	1854	5.3	25,280	21,280	4,000
81	1855	4.9	25,492	21,171	4,321
82	1856	4.5	24,891	20,350	4,541
83	1857	4.4	26,448	21,562	4,886
84	1858	4.2	26,629	21,553	5,076
85	1859	4.0	24,458	19,586	4,872
86	1860	4.0	23,319	18,632	4,687
87	1861	4.1	23,982	19,234	4,748
88	1862	4.1	25,708	20,677	5,031
89	1863	4.0	26,861	21,499	5,362
90	1864	4.0	25,929	20,730	5,199
91	1865	4.0	25,345	20,305	5,040
92	1866	4.2	24,754	19,993	4,761
93	1867	4.3	25,250	20,473	4,777
94	1868	4.4	26,477	21,583	4,894
95	1869	4.6	28,658	23,546	5,112
96	1870	4.7	29,050	23,909	5,141
97	1871	4.5	28,011	22,892	5,119
98	1872	4.2	27,245	21,969	5,276
99	1873	4.2	27,282	22,025	5,257
100	1874	4.2	27,535	22,251	5,284
101	1875	4.4	28,344	23,054	5,290
102	1876	4.5	28,922	23,616	5,306
103	1877	4.6	30,500	25,040	5,460
104	1878	4.8	30,026	24,883	5,143
105	1879	5.0	30,134	25,074	5,060
106	1880	5.2	28,324	23,791	4,533
107	1881	5.1	28,043	23,475	4,568
108	1882	5.2	28,068	23,513	4,555
109	1883	5.2	27,140	22,765	4,375
110	1884	5.4	25,866	21,795	4,071
111	1885	5.6	23,714	20,107	3,607
112	1886	5.8	22,539	19,244	3,295
113	1887	6.2	21,799	18,770	3,029
114	1888	6.1	21,250	18,252	2,998
115	1889	5.9	19,748	16,885	2,863
116	1890	5.9	18,365	15,686	2,679
117	1891	5.9	17,425	14,915	2,510
118	1892	5.9	17,653	15,091	2,562
119	1893	6.0	18,233	15,632	2,601
120	1894	5.9	17,752	15,173	2,579
121	1895	5.6	17,614	14,954	2,660
122	1896	5.5	17,076	14,457	2,619
123	1897	5.3	17,051	14,335	2,716
124	1898	5.3	17,687	14,880	2,807
125	1899	5.1	17,210	14,383	2,827
126	1900	4.9	17,435	14,459	2,976
127	1901	5.1	18,980	15,868	3,112
128	1902	5.1	19,437	16,240	3,197
129	1903	5.2	20,795	17,418	3,377
130	1904	5.6	21,428	18,167	3,261
131	1905	5.9	21,525	18,398	3,127
132	1906	6.1	21,074	18,102	2,972
133	1907	6.3	20,926	18,045	2,881
134	1908	6.7	22,146	19,268	2,878
135	1909	7.2	22,018	19,333	2,685
136	1910	7.1	20,904	18,323	2,581
137	1911	7.0	19,797	17,325	2,472
138	1912	6.4	19,442	16,829	2,613
139	1913	6.3	18,236	15,752	2,484
140	1914	5.7	15,808	13,449	2,359
141	1915	4.5	11,311	9,244	2,067
142	1916	4.4	10,058	8,210	1,848
143	1917	4.5	9,660	7,891	1,769
144	1918	4.7	9,199	7,595	1,604
145	1919	5.9	9,683	8,279	1,404
146	1920	6.7	11,000	9,573	1,427
147	1921	7.8	12,179	10,791	1,388
148	1922	8.7	11,766	10,557	1,209
149	1923	9.8	11,148	10,117	1,031
150	1924	10.4	10,750	9,808	942
151	1925	11.0	10,509	9,635	874
152	1926	11.2	10,860	9,972	888
153	1927	11.7	11,179	10,300	879
154	1928	12.8	11,109	10,305	804
155	1929	13.2	10,861	10,094	767
156	1930	13.5	11,346	10,561	785
157	1931	13.7	11,676	10,884	792
158	1932	14.8	12,803	11,992	811
159	1933	15.1	12,986	12,180	806
160	1934	15.4	12,238	11,493	745
161	1935	14.7	11,306	10,587	719
162	1936	14.7	10,613	9,939	674
163	1937	14.8	10,562	9,894	668
164	1938	14.9	11,086	10,388	698
165	1939	14.6	10,326	9,662	664
166	1940	9.0	9,377	8,443	934
167	1941	10.0	10,635	9,667	968
168	1942	9.5	12,400	11,223	1,177
169	1943	8.4	12,790	11,430	1,360
170	1944	7.7	12,915	11,438	1,477
171	1945	8.6	14,708	13,180	1,528
172	1946	11.8	15,789	14,556	1,233
173	1947	14.8	17,067	15,986	1,081
174	1948	16.3	19,765	18,621	1,144
175	1949	17.1	19,879	18,783	1,096
176	1950	17.5	20,474	19,367	1,107
177	1951	18.9	21,780	20,687	1,093
178	1952	20.3	23,680	22,568	1,112
179	1953	19.8	23,610	22,473	1,137
180	1954	19.7	22,421	21,337	1,084
181	1955	20.6	21,134	20,156	978
182	1956	23.0	20,807	19,941	866
183	1957	25.3	22,602	21,742	860
184	1958	26.6	25,379	24,459	920
185	1959	28.7	26,623	25,727	896
186	1960	29.1	27,099	26,198	901
187	1961	30.2	29,025	28,094	931
188	1962	30.2	31,063	30,066	997
189	1963	30.8	30,896	29,925	971
190	1964	32.6	29,600	28,718	882
191	1965	35.2	30,421	29,580	841
192	1966	33.5	33,086	32,127	959
193	1967	35.7	35,009	34,056	953
194	1968	39.3	32,461	31,656	805
195	1969	39.6	34,667	33,814	853
196	1970	38.5	39,028	38,040	988
197	1971	37.4	39,708	38,673	1,035
198	1972	38.1	38,328	37,348	980
199	1973	34.8	36,774	35,747	1,027
200	1974	34.3	36,867	35,823	1,044
201	1975	31.7	39,820	38,601	1,219
202	1976	31.3	41,443	40,161	1,282
203	1977	29.6	41,570	40,212	1,358
204	1978	29.1	41,796	40,409	1,387
205	1979	28.0	42,220	40,762	1,458
206	1980	26.9	42,264	40,748	1,516
207	1981	29.8	43,311	41,904	1,407
208	1982	32.0	43,707	42,381	1,326
209	1983	30.3	43,462	42,072	1,390
210	1984	28.4	43,295	41,822	1,473
211	1985	29.2	46,233	44,701	1,532
212	1986	28.1	46,770	45,163	1,607
213	1987	27.4	48,426	46,722	1,704
214	1988	26.8	48,872	47,113	1,759
215	1989	26.5	48,500	46,736	1,764
216	1990	27.2	44,975	43,378	1,597
217	1991	27.7	44,809	43,250	1,559
218	1992	27.6	44,719	43,157	1,562
219	1993	27.5	44,552	42,991	1,561
220	1994	25.8	48,621	46,810	1,811
221	1995	24.8	50,962	48,983	1,979
222	1996	23.4	55,281	53,019	2,262
223	1997	21.8	61,114	58,439	2,675
224	1998	20.0	65,299	62,194	3,105
225	1999	18.9	64,770	61,523	3,247
226	2000	18.3	64,602	61,252	3,350
227	2001	16.7	66,300	62,560	3,740
228	2002	15.5	70,778	66,479	4,299
229	2003	15.5	73,037	68,612	4,425
230	2004	15.8	74,656	70,208	4,448
231	2005	16.0	75,979	71,512	4,467
232	2006	16.6	78,127	73,680	4,447
233	2007	17.4	80,314	75,940	4,374
234	2008	17.7	82,572	78,158	4,414
235	2009	18.5	83,563	79,282	4,281
236	2010	19.0	84,725	80,489	4,236
237	2011	19.5	85,951	81,763	4,188
238	2012	19.9	86,635	82,481	4,154
239	2013	20.7	84,249	80,359	3,890
240	2014 -> Sept.	20.8	85,263	81,355	3,908


1	Prisoners by sex in England and Wales yearly from 1900					Repository:
2						http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
3						Version: 1.0
4		total	sex ratio	males	females
5	1900	17,435	4.9	14,459	2,976	Annual average prison population from 1900 to 2002, excluded prisoners in police cells
6	1901	18,980	5.1	15,868	3,112	From UK Ministry of Justice, Prisoners in England and Wales, 2002, Table 1.2a
7	1902	19,437	5.1	16,240	3,197
8	1903	20,795	5.2	17,418	3,377	After 2002, figures for average daily number in prison are from
9	1904	21,428	5.6	18,167	3,261	Berman (2011), Prison Population Statistics, House of Commons Library, Standard Note, SN/SC/4334, Table A, p. 18
10	1905	21,525	5.9	18,398	3,127
11	1906	21,074	6.1	18,102	2,972	for 2011-2013
12	1907	20,926	6.3	18,045	2,881	UK Ministry of Justice
13	1908	22,146	6.7	19,268	2,878	Offender management annual tables 2013
14	1909	22,018	7.2	19,333	2,685	https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/305747/2013-Annual.zip
15	1910	20,904	7.1	18,323	2,581	Table A1.2
16	1911	19,797	7.0	17,325	2,472
17	1912	19,442	6.4	16,829	2,613	for 2014: monthly average through 30 Sept. 2014
18	1913	18,236	6.3	15,752	2,484	UK Ministry of Justice
19	1914	15,808	5.7	13,449	2,359	Offender management statistics, Q3 2014; Table 1.1, calculated average of monthly populations through 30 Sept. 2014
20	1915	11,311	4.5	9,244	2,067	https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/368442/prison-population-q3-2014.xls
21	1916	10,058	4.4	8,210	1,848
22	1917	9,660	4.5	7,891	1,769
23	1918	9,199	4.7	7,595	1,604
24	1919	9,683	5.9	8,279	1,404
25	1920	11,000	6.7	9,573	1,427
26	1921	12,179	7.8	10,791	1,388
27	1922	11,766	8.7	10,557	1,209
28	1923	11,148	9.8	10,117	1,031
29	1924	10,750	10.4	9,808	942
30	1925	10,509	11.0	9,635	874
31	1926	10,860	11.2	9,972	888
32	1927	11,179	11.7	10,300	879
33	1928	11,109	12.8	10,305	804
34	1929	10,861	13.2	10,094	767
35	1930	11,346	13.5	10,561	785
36	1931	11,676	13.7	10,884	792
37	1932	12,803	14.8	11,992	811
38	1933	12,986	15.1	12,180	806
39	1934	12,238	15.4	11,493	745
40	1935	11,306	14.7	10,587	719
41	1936	10,613	14.7	9,939	674
42	1937	10,562	14.8	9,894	668
43	1938	11,086	14.9	10,388	698
44	1939	10,326	14.6	9,662	664
45	1940	9,377	9.0	8,443	934
46	1941	10,635	10.0	9,667	968
47	1942	12,400	9.5	11,223	1,177
48	1943	12,790	8.4	11,430	1,360
49	1944	12,915	7.7	11,438	1,477
50	1945	14,708	8.6	13,180	1,528
51	1946	15,789	11.8	14,556	1,233
52	1947	17,067	14.8	15,986	1,081
53	1948	19,765	16.3	18,621	1,144
54	1949	19,879	17.1	18,783	1,096
55	1950	20,474	17.5	19,367	1,107
56	1951	21,780	18.9	20,687	1,093
57	1952	23,680	20.3	22,568	1,112
58	1953	23,610	19.8	22,473	1,137
59	1954	22,421	19.7	21,337	1,084
60	1955	21,134	20.6	20,156	978
61	1956	20,807	23.0	19,941	866
62	1957	22,602	25.3	21,742	860
63	1958	25,379	26.6	24,459	920
64	1959	26,623	28.7	25,727	896
65	1960	27,099	29.1	26,198	901
66	1961	29,025	30.2	28,094	931
67	1962	31,063	30.2	30,066	997
68	1963	30,896	30.8	29,925	971
69	1964	29,600	32.6	28,718	882
70	1965	30,421	35.2	29,580	841
71	1966	33,086	33.5	32,127	959
72	1967	35,009	35.7	34,056	953
73	1968	32,461	39.3	31,656	805
74	1969	34,667	39.6	33,814	853
75	1970	39,028	38.5	38,040	988
76	1971	39,708	37.4	38,673	1,035
77	1972	38,328	38.1	37,348	980
78	1973	36,774	34.8	35,747	1,027
79	1974	36,867	34.3	35,823	1,044
80	1975	39,820	31.7	38,601	1,219
81	1976	41,443	31.3	40,161	1,282
82	1977	41,570	29.6	40,212	1,358
83	1978	41,796	29.1	40,409	1,387
84	1979	42,220	28.0	40,762	1,458
85	1980	42,264	26.9	40,748	1,516
86	1981	43,311	29.8	41,904	1,407
87	1982	43,707	32.0	42,381	1,326
88	1983	43,462	30.3	42,072	1,390
89	1984	43,295	28.4	41,822	1,473
90	1985	46,233	29.2	44,701	1,532
91	1986	46,770	28.1	45,163	1,607
92	1987	48,426	27.4	46,722	1,704
93	1988	48,872	26.8	47,113	1,759
94	1989	48,500	26.5	46,736	1,764
95	1990	44,975	27.2	43,378	1,597
96	1991	44,809	27.7	43,250	1,559
97	1992	44,719	27.6	43,157	1,562
98	1993	44,552	27.5	42,991	1,561
99	1994	48,621	25.8	46,810	1,811
100	1995	50,962	24.8	48,983	1,979
101	1996	55,281	23.4	53,019	2,262
102	1997	61,114	21.8	58,439	2,675
103	1998	65,299	20.0	62,194	3,105
104	1999	64,770	18.9	61,523	3,247
105	2000	64,602	18.3	61,252	3,350
106	2001	66,300	16.7	62,560	3,740
107	2002	70,778	15.5	66,479	4,299
108	2003	73,037	15.5	68,612	4,425
109	2004	74,656	15.8	70,208	4,448
110	2005	75,979	16.0	71,512	4,467
111	2006	78,127	16.6	73,680	4,447
112	2007	80,314	17.4	75,940	4,374
113	2008	82,572	17.7	78,158	4,414
114	2009	83,563	18.5	79,282	4,281
115	2010	84,725	19.0	80,489	4,236
116	2011	85,951	19.5	81,763	4,188
117	2012	86,635	19.9	82,481	4,154
118	2013	84,249	20.7	80,359	3,890
119	2014 -> Sept	85,263	20.8	81,355	3,908


1	Prisoners in local prisons in England and Wales, 1848-1902					Repository:
2						http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
3						Version: 1.0
4		prisoners in local prisons
5	year	total	sex ratio	males	females	sources and notes
6	1836	14,633	5.6	12,427	2,207	figures are for average daily number of prisoners in local prisons
7	1837	15,226	5.4	12,861	2,365	1836-46: see sheet "local prisoners, 1836-53"
8	1838	15,230	5.1	12,734	2,496	1847-1852: from summary tables in Reports of Inspectors of (local) Prisons
9	1839	15,066	4.9	12,503	2,563	1854-1856: Inspectors' reports don't provide summary totals; figures read from historical graph in Reports of Commissioners of Prisons for years 1879 through early 1890s
10	1840	16,126	4.7	13,309	2,817	1857-1902: from summary report in annual Judicial Reports for England and Wales
11	1841	16,971	4.9	14,114	2,857	Male and female subtotals for 1854-56 and 1860-64 are estimated from a graph in the appendix to the
12	1842	18,348	5.4	15,479	2,869	18th Report of the Commissioners for Prisons, 1894-95
13	1843	18,783	5.7	15,990	2,793
14	1844	17,457	5.7	14,835	2,622	Before 1878, figures are for year end Sept. 29; for 1878 and after, figures are for year end Mar. 31 of the subsequent year
15	1845	15,289	5.0	12,749	2,540	Hence the year listed here indicates the year containing the majority of the months in the reporting year.
16	1846	14,241	4.6	11,699	2,542
17	1847	16,167	5.2	13,541	2,626	For alternate (apparently not average) figures for 1867 to 1902, see table heading in Appendix 15, 18th Report of the Commissioners of Prisons, 1894-95
18	1848	16,627	5.0	13,857	2,770	and Appendix No. 12E, Report of the Commissioners of Prisons, 1902-03
19	1849	18,288	5.1	15,300	2,988
20	1850	17,031	5.0	14,195	2,836
21	1851	19,249	5.8	16,433	2,816
22	1852	17,579	5.0	14,659	2,920
23	1853	16,691	4.4	13,609	3,082
24	1854	18,100	4.1	14,550	3,550
25	1855	18,020	4.1	14,476	3,544
26	1856	17,754	3.7	13,983	3,771
27	1857	19,009	3.8	15,022	3,987
28	1858	18,770	3.6	14,698	4,072
29	1859	16,709	3.5	12,998	3,711
30	1860	15,620	3.5	12,182	3,438
31	1861	16,625	3.7	13,100	3,525
32	1862	18,033	3.7	14,203	3,830
33	1863	18,806	3.7	14,803	4,003
34	1864	18,511	3.7	14,587	3,924
35	1865	18,161	3.7	14,334	3,827
36	1866	17,849	3.7	14,068	3,781
37	1867	17,995	3.8	14,249	3,746
38	1868	18,677	4.0	14,911	3,766
39	1869	20,080	4.1	16,162	3,918
40	1870	19,830	4.0	15,881	3,949
41	1871	18,465	3.7	14,576	3,889
42	1872	17,505	3.4	13,484	4,021
43	1873	17,680	3.3	13,586	4,094
44	1874	17,896	3.4	13,791	4,105
45	1875	18,487	3.6	14,433	4,054
46	1876	18,986	3.7	14,916	4,070
47	1877	20,361	3.8	16,134	4,227
48	1878	19,818	4.0	15,887	3,931
49	1879	19,835	4.1	15,929	3,906
50	1880	18,027	4.3	14,607	3,420
51	1881	17,798	4.1	14,306	3,492
52	1882	17,876	4.0	14,334	3,542
53	1883	17,194	3.9	13,706	3,488
54	1884	16,619	4.1	13,360	3,259
55	1885	15,375	4.3	12,467	2,908
56	1886	14,966	4.5	12,244	2,722
57	1887	15,119	4.9	12,567	2,552
58	1888	15,255	4.9	12,673	2,582
59	1889	14,389	4.7	11,852	2,537
60	1890	13,495	4.7	11,118	2,377
61	1891	13,196	4.9	10,946	2,250
62	1892	13,821	5.0	11,504	2,317
63	1893	14,559	5.1	12,170	2,389
64	1894	14,229	5.0	11,860	2,369
65	1895	14,394	4.9	11,939	2,455
66	1896	13,987	4.8	11,570	2,417
67	1897	14,225	4.6	11,675	2,550
68	1898	14,957	4.6	12,285	2,672
69	1899	14,494	4.4	11,795	2,699
70	1900	14,739	4.2	11,887	2,852
71	1901	16,267	4.5	13,290	2,977
72	1902	16,584	4.4	13,534	3,050


1	Prisoners in custody in local prisons in England and Wales, 1836-53																			Repository:
2																				http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
3		est. ave. daily number						at date of return		at commencement of year										Version: 1.0
4		all local prisoners				adj. for missing prisons		all local prisoners		all local prisoners		debtors		criminals, all		criminals, adults		criminal, juveniles
5	year	total	sex ratio	males	females	males	females	males	females	males	females	males	females	males	females	males	females	males	females	source and notes
6	1836	14,633	5.6	12,427	2,207	811	48	11,023	2,124	11,607	2,312	1,748	103	9,859	2,209					From Returns of Prison Inspectors for Great Britain in Parliamentary Papers
7	1837	15,226	5.4	12,861	2,365	1,459	168	11,465	2,343	10,748	2,172	1,633	84	9,115	2,088					Local prisoners consist of debtors and criminals, including juveniles.
8	1838	15,230	5.1	12,734	2,496	812	48	11,758	2,524	11,692	2,544	1,679	99	10,013	2,445	8,762	2,240	1,251	205	Local prisoners do not include prisoners in hulks
9	1839	15,066	4.9	12,503	2,563	487	29	11,881	2,646	11,528	2,561	1,941	116	9,587	2,445	8,457	2,208	1,130	237	Convicts were distinguished from local prisoners after 1847. Criminals do not include convicts held in convict prisons.
10	1840	16,126	4.7	13,309	2,817	292	17	13,417	3,037	11,704	2,674	1,394	86	10,310	2,588					Adj. for missing prisons is an adjustment for some London prisons not included in the Inspectors' returns.
11	1841	16,971	4.9	14,114	2,857	258	15	14,248	2,933	12,747	2,907	1,633	103	11,114	2,804					See spreadsheet prisoners-england-wales-london-pre-1850
12	1842	18,348	5.4	15,479	2,869	228	13	16,137	3,021	13,575	2,848	1,758	109	11,817	2,739	10,277	2,485	1,540	254	For 1836 and 1837, debtors in custody at commencement of year not given; debtors at date of return used
13	1843	18,783	5.7	15,990	2,793	202	12	14,861	2,789	15,898	2,926	2,115	113	13,783	2,813					Through 1846, ave. daily calculated as adjusted average of in custody at date of return and at commencement of year.
14	1844	17,457	5.7	14,835	2,622	178	10	13,675	2,637	14,880	2,731	2,066	137	12,814	2,594	11,325	2,383	1,489	211	After 1846, Judicial Returns typically report ave. daily number of local prisoners.
15	1845	15,289	5.0	12,749	2,540	158	9	11,162	2,632	13,367	2,570	757	45	12,610	2,525	10,895	2,348	1,715	177	Return for 1844 missing summary tables; summary figures for 1844 are included in return for 1846
16	1846	14,241	4.6	11,699	2,542			11,821	2,655	10,972	2,568	664	35	10,308	2,533	8,611	2,332	1,697	201	Inspectors Reports for 1846 and 1847 include convict prisons, but not hulks
17	1847	15,983	4.9	13,296	2,686			14,129	2,893	11,775	2,627	806	37	10,969	2,590	9,187	2,395	1,782	195	Report for 1848 does not include Millbank, Pentonville
18										excluding convict prisoners
19	1848									11,823	2,675	935	41	10,888	2,634	9,649	2,445	1,239	189	Queen Prison / Queen's Bench figures missing after 1845
20	1849									14,424	2,949	1,113	37	13,311	2,912	12,073	2,706	1,238	206
21	1850									13,850	2,802	1,061	34	12,789	2,768	11,709	2,600	1,080	168
22	1851									13,524	2,946	942	33	12,582	2,913	11,644	2,748	938	165
23	1852									12,751	2,729	645	40	12,106	2,689	10,901	2,489	1,205	200
24	1853									12,765	2,969	970	61	11,795	2,908	10,636	2,677	1,159	231
25
26
27	parameter for ave. daily adjustment, 1836-1846
28				summed
29	1838	14,370	4.9	11,922	2,448
30	1840	15,817	4.6	13,017	2,800
31
32				estimated
33	1838	14,259	4.6	11,725	2,534
34	1840	15,416	4.4	12,561	2,856
35
36				ratio of summed/estimated
37	1838			101.7%	96.6%
38	1840			103.6%	98.1%
39	adj. parameter (ave.)			102.7%	97.3%


1	Prisoners in convict prisons in England and Wales, 1848-1902							Repository:
2								http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
3								Version: 1.0
4		prisoners in convict prisons (convicts)
5	year	total	sex ratio	males	females			notes
6	1848	2,773	18.9	2,634	139			From summary report for yearly Judicial Statistics for England and Wales, except for 1848-56
7	1849	2,853	17.2	2,696	157			Before 1878, figures are for year end Sept. 29; for 1878 and after, figures are for year end Mar. 31 of the subsequent year
8	1850	3,008	18.8	2,856	152			Excludes prisoners in local prisons and hulks
9	1851	3,593	19.6	3,419	174			For 1848-56 figures by prison, see "convicts by prison, 1848-56"
10	1852	4,846	25.3	4,662	184
11	1853	5,349	18.2	5,070	279
12	1854	5,856	12.0	5,406	450
13	1855	6,113	6.9	5,336	777	alt. figures
14	1856	6,314	7.2	5,544	770	males	females
15	1857	7,439	7.3	6,540	899	6,757	782
16	1858	7,859	6.8	6,855	1,004	7,577	1,362
17	1859	7,749	5.7	6,588	1,161	6,970	1,381
18	1860	7,699	5.2	6,450	1,249	6,934	1,455
19	1861	7,357	5.0	6,134	1,223	6,707	1,719
20	1862	7,675	5.4	6,474	1,201	6,409	1,653
21	1863	8,055	4.9	6,696	1,359
22	1864	7,418	4.8	6,143	1,275
23	1865	7,184	4.9	5,971	1,213
24	1866	6,905	6.0	5,925	980
25	1867	7,255	6.0	6,224	1,031
26	1868	7,800	5.9	6,672	1,128
27	1869	8,578	6.2	7,384	1,194
28	1870	9,220	6.7	8,028	1,192
29	1871	9,546	6.8	8,316	1,230
30	1872	9,740	6.8	8,485	1,255
31	1873	9,602	7.3	8,439	1,163
32	1874	9,639	7.2	8,460	1,179
33	1875	9,857	7.0	8,621	1,236
34	1876	9,936	7.0	8,700	1,236
35	1877	10,139	7.2	8,906	1,233
36	1878	10,208	7.4	8,996	1,212
37	1879	10,299	7.9	9,145	1,154
38	1880	10,297	8.3	9,184	1,113
39	1881	10,245	8.5	9,169	1,076
40	1882	10,192	9.1	9,179	1,013
41	1883	9,946	10.2	9,059	887
42	1884	9,247	10.4	8,435	812
43	1885	8,339	10.9	7,640	699
44	1886	7,573	12.2	7,000	573
45	1887	6,680	13.0	6,203	477
46	1888	5,995	13.4	5,579	416
47	1889	5,359	15.4	5,033	326
48	1890	4,870	15.1	4,568	302
49	1891	4,229	15.3	3,969	260
50	1892	3,832	14.6	3,587	245
51	1893	3,674	16.3	3,462	212
52	1894	3,523	15.8	3,313	210
53	1895	3,220	14.7	3,015	205
54	1896	3,089	14.3	2,887	202
55	1897	2,826	16.0	2,660	166
56	1898	2,730	19.2	2,595	135
57	1899	2,716	20.2	2,588	128
58	1900	2,696	20.7	2,572	124
59	1901	2,695	20.9	2,572	123
60	1902	2,829	20.8	2,699	130


1	Convicts in England and Wales, 1848 to 1856, by convict prison and year												Repository:
2													http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
3													Version: 1.0
4		convict prisoners, ex. in hulks
5		year	males	females
6		1848	2,634	139
7		1849	2,696	157
8		1850	2,856	152
9		1851	3,419	174
10		1852	4,662	184
11		1853	5,070	279
12		1854	5,406	450
13		1855	5,336	777
14		1856	5,544	770
15
16
17				estimated average daily population of convicts by year									sources and notes
18	convict prison	year started	type of prisoners	1848	1849	1850	1851	1852	1853	1854	1855	1856	for hulks, see spreadsheet
19	Hulks	1776	men	1,736	1,657	1,747	2,025	1,560	1,321	1,324	1,359	823	prisoners-england-wales-hulks
20	Pentonville	1842	men	500	500	499	529	551	496	519	508	477
21	Parkhurst	1838	boys	500	500	527	556	563	594	541	482	424	Other data from Report of Commissioners for Convict Prisons
22	Millbank	1816	men	1,234	896	1,001	918	1,018	772	703	824	768
23	Portland	1848	men	400	800	800	821	824	1,041	1,477	1,483	1,460
24	Dartmoor	185 (Nov.)	men	0	0	29	595	1,027	1,174	1,164	1,039	933
25	Portsmouth	1852 (Apr. 1)	men					679	993	1,002	1,000	986
26	Chatham	1856	men									496
27
28	Millbank	1816	women	139	157	152	174	184	266	49	143	160
29	Brixton	1853 (local prison turned female convict Oct 1853)	women						13	401	634	582
30	Fulham	1856 (May 8)	women									28
31
32	total males ex. hulks			2,634	2,696	2,856	3,419	4,662	5,070	5,406	5,336	5,544
33	total males			4,370	4,353	4,603	5,444	6,222	6,391	6,730	6,695	6,367
34	total females			139	157	152	174	184	279	450	777	770
35	total males and females, ex. hulks			4,509	4,510	4,755	5,618	6,406	6,670	7,180	7,472	7,137
36									year
37	convict prisoners from Judicial Statistics								1853	1854	1855
38	beginning of year								6,873	7,718	7,744
39	end of year								7,760	7,774	6,537
40	ave begin+end year								7,317	7,746	7,141
41
42
43
44				1852					1850	convicts in rented cells in local prisons
45	Brixton, female 1854	ave daily		Hulks	ave. daily	part of year				413
46	Jan	75		Warrior	439	1				50
47	Feb	129		Defense	501	1				79
48	Mar	190		Stirling Castle	443	0.25				119
49	Apr	229		York	392	0.25				62
50	May	313		York	297	0.33				23
51	Jun	388								38
52	Jul	456				1247.75				48
53	Aug	555
54	Sep	594		Portsmouth					total	832
55	Oct	606			0	0.25
56	Nov	628			835	0.25
57	Dec	644			941	0.5
58
59		400.5833333				679.25
60
61
62	Parhurst, total number in each ward (1852, p. 53)							Millbank, daily average
63		1849	1850	1851	1852				males	females
64	Probationary	345	166	286	222			1843-46	743	166
65	Junior	250	264	275	227			1847	983	169
66	General	518	510	490	413			1848	1234	139
67								1849	896	157
68	sum	1113	940	1051	862			1850	1001	153
69	ave daily pop		527	556	563			1851	918	174


1	Convicts held in hulks in England, 1777 to 1856
2
3
4	year	convicts	source and notes
5	1777	466	synthesis estimate of average daily number
6	1778	448	For sources and calculations, see
7	1779	526	prisoners-england-wales-hulks
8	1780	483
9	1781	440	Repository:
10	1782	204	http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
11	1783	331	Version: 1.0
12	1784	699
13	1785	699
14	1786	699
15	1787	1,022
16	1788	1,937
17	1789	1,940
18	1790	1,940
19	1791	1,940
20	1792	1,940
21	1793	1,903
22	1794	1,865
23	1795	1,865
24	1796	1,865
25	1797	1,395
26	1798	1,395
27	1799	1,395
28	1800	1,215
29	1801	1,177
30	1802	1,118
31	1803	1,210
32	1804	1,456
33	1805	1,716
34	1806	1,764
35	1807	1,750
36	1808	1,705
37	1809	1,853
38	1810	2,003
39	1811	2,044
40	1812	2,068
41	1813	2,093
42	1814	1,993
43	1815	2,038
44	1816	2,107
45	1817	2,258
46	1818	2,444
47	1819	2,761
48	1820	2,885
49	1821	2,845
50	1822	2,902
51	1823	2,920
52	1824	3,378
53	1825	3,438
54	1826	3,610
55	1827	4,262
56	1828	4,414
57	1829	4,446
58	1830	4,142
59	1831	4,152
60	1832	4,211
61	1833	3,530
62	1834	3,015
63	1835	2,185
64	1836	2,244
65	1837	1,971
66	1838	2,130
67	1839	2,679
68	1840	3,347
69	1841	3,969
70	1842	3,874
71	1843	3,023
72	1844	2,031
73	1845	1,584
74	1846	1,332
75	1847	1,415
76	1848	1,736
77	1849	1,657
78	1850	1,747
79	1851	2,025
80	1852	1,560
81	1853	1,321
82	1854	1,324
83	1855	1,359
84	1856	823


1	Commitments to local prisons in England and Wales, 1805 to 1892											Repository:
2												http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
3							criminal offenders					Version: 1.0
4				criminal offenders for trial			for trial	for summary convictions	for trial or for summary convictions
5	year	sex ratio (for trial)	sex ratio (trial or summary)	male	female	total	total	total	total	males	females	notes
6	1805	2.4		3,267	1,338	4,605						Before 1835, statistics are for "criminal offenders for trial or bailed," i.e. exclude persons committed to prison under summary convictions (from criminal returns)
7	1806	2.5		3,120	1,226	4,346						For trial includes "tried at assizes and sessions".
8	1807	2.5		3,159	1,287	4,446						Commitments, 1836-41, are "received under commitments, and have not been in the custody of others" (prison returns)
9	1808	2.4		3,332	1,403	4,735						Thees 1836-41 figures exclude "received from the custody of other keepers" and "committed for re-examination, but aftewards discharged" and debtors.
10	1809	2.4		3,776	1,554	5,330						Commitments, 1841-53, are "prisoners tried at assizes and sessions" and "summary convictions" (prison returns)
11	1810	2.6		3,733	1,413	5,146						These 1841-53 figures exclude prisoners "deserters awaiting a route," "re-examined and discharged," and debtors
12	1811	2.6		3,859	1,478	5,337						Commitments for 1853 and later are from Judicial Statistics and include commitments for all reasons
13	1812	2.9		4,891	1,685	6,576						Before 1878, figures are for year end Sept. 29; for 1878 and after, figures are for year end Mar. 31 of the subsequent year
14	1813	3.1		5,433	1,731	7,164
15	1814	3.1		4,826	1,564	6,390
16	1815	3.4		6,036	1,782	7,818
17	1816	4.2		7,347	1,744	9,091
18	1817	5.4		11,738	2,174	13,912
19	1818	5.1		11,335	2,232	13,567
20	1819	5.5		12,075	2,179	14,254
21	1820	5.5		11,595	2,115	13,710
22	1821	5.8		11,173	1,942	13,115
23	1822	5.5		10,369	1,872	12,241
24	1823	5.4		10,342	1,921	12,263
25	1824	5.2		11,475	2,223	13,698
26	1825	4.7		11,889	2,548	14,437
27	1826	5.0		13,472	2,692	16,164
28	1827	5.5		15,154	2,770	17,924
29	1828	5.1		13,832	2,732	16,564
30	1829	5.0		15,556	3,119	18,675
31	1830	5.1		15,135	2,972	18,107
32	1831	5.4		16,600	3,047	19,647
33	1832	5.2		17,486	3,343	20,829
34	1833	5.1		16,804	3,268	20,072
35	1834	5.0		16,815	3,353	20,168
36	1835	5.0		17,275	3,456	20,731
37	1836	4.6	3.7	17,248	3,736	20,984			78,475	61,844	16,631
38	1837	4.6	3.4	19,407	4,205	23,612			81,154	62,878	18,276
39	1838	4.5	3.6	18,905	4,189	23,094			81,731	63,849	17,882
40	1839	4.3	3.4	19,831	4,612	24,443			79,924	61,852	18,072
41	1840	4.2	3.4	21,975	5,212	27,187			89,737	69,213	20,524
42	1841	4.3	3.3	22,560	5,200	27,760	27,085	63,296	90,381	69,502	20,879
43	1842	4.6	3.8	25,740	5,569	31,309	31,160	70,507	101,667	80,307	21,360
44	1843	4.5	3.9	24,251	5,340	29,591	29,871	73,196	103,067	81,877	21,190
45	1844	4.3	3.7	21,549	4,993	26,542	26,682	71,298	97,980	77,315	20,665
46	1845	3.9	3.5	19,341	4,962	24,303	25,083	66,042	91,125	70,805	20,320
47	1846	3.8	3.1	19,850	5,257	25,107	25,033	64,899	89,932	67,962	21,970
48	1847	3.9	3.2	22,903	5,930	28,833	28,139	67,481	95,620	72,793	22,827
49	1848	4.3	3.5	24,586	5,763	30,349	30,086	84,271	114,357	88,773	25,584
50	1849	4.0	3.4	21,785	5,401	27,186	28,752	90,963	119,715	92,793	26,922
51	1850	4.0	3.4	20,918	5,265	26,183	26,463	80,608	107,071	82,809	24,262
52	1851	4.0	3.5	22,391	5,569	27,960			110,966	86,408	24,558
53	1852	3.9	3.4	21,885	5,625	27,510			103,897	80,016	23,881
54	1853	3.4	3.3	20,879	6,178	27,057			119,116	91,388	27,728
55	1854	3.4	3.2	22,723	6,636	29,359			127,371	96,727	30,644
56	1855	3.3	3.0	19,890	6,082	25,972			128,880	96,969	31,911
57	1856		3.0						132,699	99,336	33,363
58	1857		3.1						141,970	107,384	34,586
59	1858		3.1						139,457	105,175	34,282
60	1859		3.0						126,861	94,763	32,098
61	1860		2.8						116,282	85,513	30,769
62	1861		3.0						129,238	96,768	32,470
63	1862		3.2						141,742	107,684	34,058
64	1863		3.1						144,519	109,441	35,078
65	1864		3.0						139,286	104,373	34,913
66	1865		3.2						137,421	104,573	32,848
67	1866		3.1						136,741	103,369	33,372
68	1867		3.1						145,184	110,100	35,084
69	1868		3.2						158,480	121,086	37,394
70	1869		3.3						173,115	132,425	40,690
71	1870		3.1						168,134	126,788	41,346
72	1871		2.9						160,934	119,328	41,606
73	1872		2.5						158,141	113,587	44,554
74	1873		2.5						165,142	117,391	47,751
75	1874		2.5						166,588	119,313	47,275
76	1875		2.5						170,300	121,344	48,956
77	1876		2.5						176,599	125,986	50,613
78	1877		2.6						187,412	136,033	51,379
79	1878		2.8						186,060	137,440	48,620
80	1879		2.9						192,235	142,681	49,554
81	1880		2.8						179,069	132,386	46,683
82	1881		2.8						188,586	138,509	50,077
83	1882		2.7						189,524	137,698	51,826
84	1883		2.6						186,530	135,234	51,296
85	1884		2.8						185,191	136,367	48,824
86	1885		2.9						172,000	128,294	43,706
87	1886		2.9						179,324	133,647	45,677
88	1887		3.2						172,447	131,812	40,635
89	1888		3.1						180,206	136,518	43,688
90	1889		2.9						170,466	126,435	44,031
91	1890		2.8						164,579	121,277	43,302
92	1891		2.9						162,191	121,037	41,154
93	1892		2.9						172,255	128,352	43,903


1	Commitments to prisons in England and Wales in 1838 and 1850													Repository:
2														http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
3														Version: 1.0
4		received under commitment		received from other keepers		committed for re-examination		debtors committed		criminal lunatics		total commit
5	1838	males	females	males	females	males	females	males	females	males	females	males	females
6	adults	55,782	16,387	4,200	1,298	5,719	2,527	12,022	775	46	13	77,769	21,000
7	juveniles	8,067	1,495	663	141	1,463	315			1	0	10,194	1,951
8		63,849	17,882									87,963	22,951
9	1850									transports under contract
10	adults	69,824	21,375			5,839	2,053	7,502	304	916	0	84,081	23,732
11	juveniles	9,130	1,513			1,356	285	0	0	0	0	10,486	1,798
12		78,954	22,888									94,567	25,530