ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZAAABACADAEAFAGAHAIAJAKALAMANAOAPAQARASATAUAVAWAXAYAZBABB
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All Greek with Alternative Coaeval Phonemes
Luke Amadeus Ranieri's GREEK PRONUNCIATION CHRONOLOGY Spreadsheet
https://bit.ly/RanieriGreekPronunciation
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Boeotian
Egyptian
Popular Koine
Popular varieties of Koine, Byzantine, & Modern
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|---404 BC-------------Learned Koine------------180 AD---|
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Classical Attic
|---Koine begins-----------
Au
Classical Latin
Ag
-------Koine ends---|
Byzantine begins
Byzantine ends
Modern begins
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pre 500
500450400350300250200150100500501001502002503003504004505005506006507007508008509009501000105011001150120012501300135014001450150015501600165017001750180018501900195020002050
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6th c.
5th c.
4th c.
3rd c.
2nd c.
1st c.
1st c.
2nd c.
3rd c.
4th c.
5th c.
6th c.
7th c.
8th c.
9th c.
10th c.
11th c.
12th c.
13th c.
14th c.
15th c.
16th c.
17th c.
18th c.
19th c.
20th c.
21st c.
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αaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
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εeeeeeee
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eeeeeeeeeeeeee
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ιiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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οooooooo
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ooooooo
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υuyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy
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aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
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aaaaaaaa
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ηæː ?ɛːɛːɛːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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e̝ːe̝ːe̝ːe̝ː
e̞, e, e̝
e̞, e, e̝
e̞, e, e̝e̞, e, e̝
e̞, e, e̝
e̞, e, e̝
e̞, e, e̝
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e̞, e, e̝
e̞, e, e̝
e̞, e, e̝
e̞, e, e̝
e̞, e, e̝
iiiiii
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ει Ce̝ːe̝ːiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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iiiiiiii
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ει Ve̝ːe̝ːe̝ːe̝ːe̝ːe̝ːiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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iiiiiii
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iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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iiiiiiii
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ωɔːɔːɔːɔːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ː
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28
ουo̝ːuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu
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uuuuuuuu
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yyyyyyyyyyyiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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yyyyyyyy
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33
αιai̯ai̯ai̯ai̯ai̯ai̯ai̯ai̯ai̯ae̞̯ae̞̯ae̞̯ae̞̯ae̞̯ae̞̯ae̞̯ae̞̯ae̞̯ae̞̯ae̞̯ae̞̯
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ai̯ai̯ai̯ai̯ɛːɛːɛːɛːɛːɛːɛːɛː
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αυau̯au̯au̯au̯au̯au̯au̯au̯au̯au̯au̯aβʷaβʷaβʷaβʷaβʷaβʷaβʷavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavav
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awawaβʷaβʷaβʷaβʷaβʷaβʷau̯, aw
au̯, aw
au̯, aw
av, αβ
av, αβ
av, αβ
av, αβ
avavavavavavavavavavav
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awawawawawawav, αβ
av, αβ
av, αβ
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ευeu̯eu̯eu̯eu̯eu̯eu̯eu̯eu̯eu̯eu̯eu̯eβʷeβʷeβʷeβʷeβʷeβʷeβʷe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞v
39
eweweβʷeβʷeβʷeβʷeβʷeβʷ
eu̯, ew
eu̯, ew
eu̯, ew
ev, eβ
ev, eβ
ev, eβ
ev, eβ
evevevevevevevevevevev
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ewewewewewewev, eβ
ev, eβ
ev, eβ
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οιoi̯oi̯oi̯oi̯oi̯oi̯oi̯oi̯oi̯oi̯oi̯øy̯øy̯øy̯øy̯øy̯øy̯øy̯øy̯øy̯øy̯yyyyyyyyyyyiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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øi̯øi̯øi̯øi̯øi̯øi̯øi̯øy̯øy̯øː, yːøː, yːøː, yːøː, yːøː, yːøː, yːøː, yːøː, yːøː, yːøː, yː
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øi̯øi̯øi̯øi̯ø, yø, yø, yø, yø, yø, yø, yø, y
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oi̯oi̯øi̯øi̯
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υιui̯yi̯yi̯yyyyyyyyyyyyyyiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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yyyyy
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aːi̯aːi̯aːi̯aːi̯aːi̯aːi̯aːi̯aːi̯aːi̯aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
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aːi̯aːi̯aːi̯aaaaa
50
ɛːi̯ɛːi̯ɛːi̯ɛːi̯eːi̯eːi̯eːi̯eːi̯eːi̯e̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̞ːe̝ːiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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e̞ːe̞ːi̯e̞ːi̯e̞ːi̯
52
ɔːi̯ɔːi̯ɔːi̯ɔːi̯o̞ːi̯o̞ːi̯o̞ːi̯o̞ːi̯o̞ːi̯o̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ː
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o̞ːo̞ːi̯o̞ːi̯o̞ːi̯
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ᾱυaːu̯aːu̯aːu̯aːu̯aːu̯aːu̯aːu̯aːu̯aːu̯au̯au̯aβʷaβʷaβʷaβʷaβʷaβʷaβʷavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavav
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aːwaːwaːβʷaːβʷaːβʷaːβʷaβʷaβʷau̯, aw
au̯, aw
au̯, aw
av, αβ
av, αβ
av, αβ
av, αβ
avavavavavavavavavavav
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aːwaːwaːwaːwawawav, αβ
av, αβ
av, αβ
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ηυeːu̯eːu̯eːu̯eːu̯eːu̯eːu̯eːu̯eːu̯eːu̯eu̯eu̯eβʷeβʷeβʷeβʷeβʷeβʷeβʷe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞βe̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞ve̞v
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eːweːweːβʷeːβʷeːβʷeːβʷeβʷeβʷ
eu̯, ew
eu̯, ew
eu̯, ew
ev, eβ
ev, eβ
ev, eβ
ev, eβ
evevevevevevevevevevev
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eːweːweːweːwewewev, eβ
ev, eβ
ev, eβ
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ωυɔːu̯ɔːu̯ɔːu̯ɔːu̯o̞ːu̯o̞ːu̯o̞ːu̯o̞ːu̯o̞ːu̯o̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ːo̞ː
61
62
63
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
64
65
ζz̠dz̠dz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ːz̠ː
66
σ
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68
γ+back Vgggggggggggɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣɣ
69
ɣɣɣɣɣggg
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γγ+back Vŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgŋg
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γ+front Vɟɟɟɟɟɟʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝʝ
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ʝʝʝʝʝɟɟ
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γγ+front V
ŋgŋgŋgŋgŋgɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟɲɟ
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δdddddddddddðððððððððððððððððððððððððððððððððððððððððð
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ððððððddd
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βbbbbbbbbbbbββββββββββββββββββvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
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ββββββbbbvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
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vvv
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80
χ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~çx~ç
81
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
kx~cç
82
x~çx~çkʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
kʰ~cʰ
83
θθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθ
84
85
θθ
86
φɸɸɸɸɸɸɸɸɸɸɸɸɸɸɸɸɸɸffffffffffffffffffffffff
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ffffffffffffffffff
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89
ɸɸ
90
91
κkkkkkk~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~ck~c
92
τttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt
93
πppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp
94
95
ρr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr̥ʰ,r,ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾ
96
r~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾr~ɾ
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λlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll
98
μmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
99
νnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
100