| C | D | E | F | G | H | J | P | Q | R | V | W | X | Y | Z | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Term* | Notes (Term) | Language ID | Definition* | External cross reference (definition)/URL* | Source (definition)* | Part of speech* | Context* | External cross reference (context)* | Source (context)* | Domain | Subdomain | |||
2 | adaptation | EN | 1. film, TV programme etc that has been made from a book or play; 2. transformation of a rough translation of the dialogue in subtitle chunks adapted to space and time limitations specific to subtitling | <LI>https://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/adaptation</LI> [21.4.2021]; <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.</LI> | Macmillan dictionary; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation:Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. | noun | "This procedure is mainly used in the case of technical and technological texts, but there are situations when even literary texts have to go through this process of <b>adaptation</b>."; "Subtitles are a written <b>adaptation</b> of the spoken dialogue in films, TV series, documentaries and other works." | <LI>https://translatorthoughts.com/2015/10/adaptation/ [26.4.2021]</LI>, <LI>https://beta.ataa.fr/documents/Guide_EN.pdf [3.7.2021]</LI>, <LI>https://books.google.ro/books?id=5yU-DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA475&lpg=PA475&dq=the+subtitle+adapter+deals+with+the+roug+translation&source=bl&ots=pwn4Y2r6HI&sig=ACfU3U2DNLDhI2mKvHNB7i4eGEltIFTf5Q&hl=ro&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj55LPoss_xAhWNhv0HHYMiDHgQ6AEwCHoECA0QAw#v=onepage&q=the%20subtitle%20adapter%20deals%20with%20the%20roug%20translation&f=false [4.7.2021]</LI> | article; guide to foreign-language adaptation in France | Audiovisual translation | subtitling, voice-over | ||||
3 | adapter | EN | person who makes slight changes to a book, play, or other piece of text so that it can be performed; professional who adapts the rough translation into subtitles | <LI>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/adapter</LI>, <LI>[21.4.2021]; <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group</LI> | Cambridge Dictionary; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. | noun | "Here the difference between a translator and an <b>adapter</b> is that the adapter must make this speech—which is often improvised—sound as if it were a well thought out discourse."; "Adapters should also make sure that the duration of the translation is identical to that of on-screen characters' utterances, a type of synchrony referred to as isochrony." | https://translationjournal.net/journal/05dubb.htm [26.4.2021], <LI>https://books.google.ro/books?id=5yU-DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA475&lpg=PA475&dq=the+subtitle+adapter+deals+with+the+roug+translation&source=bl&ots=pwn4Y2r6HI&sig=ACfU3U2DNLDhI2mKvHNB7i4eGEltIFTf5Q&hl=ro&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj55LPoss_xAhWNhv0HHYMiDHgQ6AEwCHoECA0QAw#v=onepage&q=the%20subtitle%20adapter%20deals%20with%20the%20roug%20translation&f=false [4.7.2021]</LI> | article; book | AVT | subtitling, voice-over | ||||
4 | ad lib | shortened from 'ad libitum' | EN | spontaneous spoken addition or alteration to a written script | https://www.nycastings.com/voice-over-terms-glossary/ [21.4.2021] | online glossary | noun, adjective | "Using the rule of three provides some structure to your <b>ad lib</b> speech.", "Though some jobs may require improvisation at the client’s request, an unsolicited <b>ad lib</b> is seldom welcome." | https://leapfroggingsuccess.com/top-10-tips-amazing-ad-lib-speaking/ [26.4.2021], <LI>https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [4.7.2021]</LI> | article, glossary | AVT | subtitling, voice-over | |||
5 | ADR | Automated Dialogue Replacement | EN | process of re-recording the dialogue in a studio to change or improve the quality of the dialogue that was recorded on the set | https://dubnsub.in/what-is-automated-dialogue-replacement-adr-in-dubbing/ [21.4.2021] | DUBnSUB | noun (abbreviation) | "Just recently, I’ve recorded <b>ADR</b> for shows like ABC’s “Designated Survivor” to Lee Pace’s new film “Driven” to the new season of Amazon’s “Sneaky Pete”. " | https://blog.frame.io/2018/06/11/adr-film-primer/ [26.4.2021] | article | AVT | subtitling, voice-over | |||
6 | AFTRA | American Federation of Television and Radio Artists | EN | trade union in the US for actors and actresses who perform on television and radio programmes | https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/aftra [21.4.2021] | Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English | noun (abbreviation) | "In succeeding decades, <b>AFTRA</b> signed new agreements in cable, interactive media, and digital performances." | http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/tamwag/wag_281/bioghist.html [26.4.2021] | article | AVT | subtitling, voice-over | |||
7 | airtime | EN | (amount of) broadcasting time that someone or something has on television or radio | https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/airtime [21.4.2021] | Cambridge Dictionary | noun | "Democratic House candidate John Heenan is buying up <b>airtime</b> on stations owned by Trump-friendly Sinclair Broadcasting Group — and using it to blast Sinclair." | https://americanindependent.com/john-heenan-sinclair-broadcasting/ [26.4.2021] | article | AVT | subtitling, voice-over | ||||
8 | analogue technology | EN | technique for video and audio transmission and recording, where the signals can vary continuously in pitch and intensity | https://fdocuments.in/document/glossary-of-subtitling-terminology.html [13.5.2021] | India Documents | noun | "One aspect of music’s infrastructure that’s been getting a lot of attention lately is <b>analogue technology</b>." | https://www.soundonsound.com/music-business/record-analogue-technology [2604.2021] | Article | AVT | subtitling, voice-over | ||||
9 | annotated master dialogue / dubbing list | EN | document containing all the dialogue exchanges that can be heard in the lm, with additional information on slang terms, colloquialisms, obscure cultural references and the like" | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group | book on AVT | noun | "Scripts are also known as screenplays, <b>annotated master dialogue/dubbing list</b>, dialogue lists, dialogue transcripts, combined continuity and dialogue, combined continuity and dialogue lists, etc." | https://books.google.ro/books?id=HGwJEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT149&lpg=PT149&dq=annotated+master+dialogue/dubbing+list&source=bl&ots=R0UpIl2j1L&sig=ACfU3U3R3yhruRCttqw0WVy5dMyfxmALHA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiK197Thr3wAhVs-yoKHZnKBCwQ6AEwDnoECBMQAw#v=onepage&q=annotated%20master%20dialogue%2Fdubbing%20list&f=false [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | subtitling, voice-over | ||||
10 | articulation | EN | action of producing a sound or word clearly, in speech or music | https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/articulation [21.4.2021] | Collins Dictionary | noun | "This page has words for anyone to practice <b>articulation</b>, apraxia, language, phonology, or stuttering principles." | https://www.home-speech-home.com/speech-therapy-word-lists.html [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | subtitling, voice-over | ||||
11 | aspect ratio | EN | relationship of an object's width to its height; ratio of the projection or display screen's width x height | <LI>https://techterms.com/definition/aspect_ratio</LI> [21.4.2021]; <LI>https://dc.med.utoronto.ca/glossary-audio-visual-terminology [4.07.2021]</LI> | TechTerms; AV glossary | noun | "<b>Aspect ratio</b> calculations matter a lot depending on whether it is an image, design project or a digital video you are working with." | https://calculateaspectratio.com/ [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | subtitling, voice-over | ||||
12 | audition | EN | non-paying, trial performance for voice talent where voice-over copy is read | https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [3.7.2021] | Glossary of Voice Acting Terms | noun | "Nina Dobrev’s maiden <b>audition</b> as Elena for ‘The Vampire Diaries’ was a complete disaster, as a result of which, the creators and casting directors did not even consider her for the role." | https://www.dkoding.in/trending-today/the-vampire-diaries-nina-dobrev-tanked-her-auditions/ [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | subtitling, voice-over | ||||
13 | audiobook | EN | recording, on a CD or made available on the internet, of a book being read aloud | https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/audiobook [21.4.2021] | Cambridge Dictionary | noun | "Several of the <b>audiobook</b> narrators we spoke to started out at the theater, not in a recording booth." | https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/540364/secrets-of-audiobook-narrators [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
14 | AVT | Audiovisual Translation | EN | term used to refer to the transfer from one language to another of the verbal components contained in audiovisual works and products | https://dubbingking.com/audiovisual-translation-what-is-it-about/ [21.4.2021] | DubbingKing | noun | "<b>Audiovisual translation(AVT)</b> is developing the translation activity in a context characterized by the interaction of text (whether oral or written) with sound and image." | https://translation-blog.trustedtranslations.com/audiovisual-translation-2010-11-16.html [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | |||
15 | BITC | Burnt-in timecode | EN | videotape in which a "window" displaying the time code count on the tape is superimposed over part of the picture | https://videocide.com/glossary/burn-in-time-code/ [21.4.2021] | Videocide | noun | "Often, grade video comes with a test screen and <b>BITC</b>." | https://www.capitalcaptions.com/subtitles-and-captioning/subtitling-prores-videos-are-large-files-necessary/ [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | |||
16 | boom | EN | overhead mic stand | https://www.nycastings.com/voice-over-terms-glossary/ [3.7.2021] | DirectSubmit Voice-Over Terms Glossary | noun | "The Gator Frameworks MIC-0822 is a telescoping <b>boom</b> mic stand for desktop recording, bass drum, and guitar amps." | https://www.markertek.com/product/gtr-mic-0822/gator-frameworks-mic-0822-telescoping-boom-mic-stand-for-desktop-podcasting-voiceover-bass-drum-amps [3.7.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
17 | booth | EN | isolated enclosure used in sound recording or in broadcasting | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/booth [23.4.2021] | Merriam-Webster Dictionary | noun | "<b>Booths</b> are needed for simultaneous interpretation." | https://www.calliope-interpreters.org/news-and-articles/standardized-booths-simultaneous-interpretation [26.04.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
18 | broadcast(ing) | EN | send(ing) out or transmit(ting) (something, such as a program) by means of radio or television or by streaming over the Internet | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/broadcasting [23.04.2021] | Merriam-Webster Dictionary | verb | "Discussion of <b>broadcasting</b> as a medium of art includes a description of borrowings from other media." | https://www.britannica.com/technology/broadcasting [26.04.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
19 | buy-out | EN | one-time fee paid for voice-over services on a commercial | https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [23.4.2021] | Global Voice Acting Academy (glossary) | noun | "Usage fees are often referred to as licensing fees or a <b>buy-out </b> fee and are paid to the performer to compensate them for the value they add to the project over a defined period of time." | https://www.voquent.com/buy-outs-and-usage-fees-for-voice-over-explained/ [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
20 | cadence | EN | regular rise and fall of the voice and also how breaks are placed between words | <LI>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/cadence</LI> [23.04.2021], <LI>https://www.nycastings.com/voice-over-terms-glossary/ </LI> [3.7.2021] | Cambridge Dictionary; DirectSubmit Voice-Over Terms Glossary | noun | "Different people do not have the same natural <b>cadence</b>, even if they are reading the same type of script." | https://www.suchavoice.com/2019/03/07/the-art-of-voice-over-cadences/#:~:text=Cadence%20is%20the%20way%20that,of%20script%20you%20are%20reading. [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
21 | call letters | EN | letters and numbers which identify a person, vehicle, or organization that is broadcasting on the radio or sending messages by radio | https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/call-letters#:~:text=Call%20letters%20are%20the%20letters,or%20sending%20messages%20by%20radio. [23.4.2021] | Collins Dictionary | noun | "<b>Call letters</b> are assigned to AM radio stations by the Federal Communications Commission[...]" | https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/62420153.pdf [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
22 | call time | EN | time the cast and crew of a production needs to be on the set, ready to work; time scheduled for an audition | https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/what-is-call-time-meaning/#:~:text=A%20call%20time%20(or%20calltime,production%20can%20stay%20on%20budget. [23.4.2021]; <LI>https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/</LI> [3.7.2021] | StudioBinder; Global Voice Acting Academy | noun | "The purpose of the <b>call time</b> is to stay on schedule, so the production can stay on budget." | https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/what-is-call-time-meaning/ [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
23 | caption | EN | used to refer to a subtitle aimed at the deaf and the hard of-hearing audiences, usually in the USA; short piece of text under a picture in a book, magazine, or newspaper that describes the picture or explains what the people in it are doing or saying | <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.</LI>, <LI>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/caption</LI> [23.4.2021] | Cambridge Dictionary; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group | noun | "Review and edit the <b>captions</b> to be sure they’re accurate and easy to follow." | https://www.washington.edu/accessibility/videos/free-captioning/ [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
24 | casting | EN | choosing of actors for a production; (or casting call) a vital pre-production process for selecting actors for a recorded performance | <LI>https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/casting</LI> [23.4.2021]; <LI>https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [3.7.2021]</LI> | Collins Dictionary; Global Voice Acting Academy (glossary) | noun | "That means the <b>casting</b> process for Netflix varies, generally depending on the project and what the showrunners and producers are looking for in order to execute their vision." | https://www.backstage.com/magazine/article/how-to-audition-for-netflix-73088/ [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
25 | captioning | EN | term used to refer to the subtitling of programmes aimed at the deaf and hard-of-hearing audiences | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. | verb | "To keep the video private during the <b>captioning</b> process, don’t publish it’s URL[...]" | https://www.washington.edu/accessibility/videos/free-captioning/ [26.04.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
26 | cattle call | EN | mass audition (as of actors) for a part on a first-come-first-served basis | <LI>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cattle%20call</LI> [23.04.2021], <LI>https://www.voices.com/blog/glossary-of-voice-over-terms/ [3.7.2021]</LI> | Merriam-Webster Dictionary; Glossary of voice over terms (blog) | noun | "Typically, “Idol” holds auditions in cities around the country, holding <b>cattle calls </b> at large venues[...]" | https://www.al.com/life/2020/04/want-to-audition-for-american-idol-now-you-can-do-it-from-home.html [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
27 | character generator | EN | software or hardware that produces animated text for insertion in video streams | https://www.webopedia.com/definitions/character-generator/ [23.4.2021] | Webopedia | noun | "Upon transmission, the broadcaster uses a suitable subtitle <b>character generator </b> to create subtitles which are then superimposed over[...]" | https://johnnyshao.wordpress.com/2011/07/10/subtitle-captioning/ [27.5.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
28 | closed captions | EN | text version of the spoken part of a television, movie, or computer presentation; subtitles aimed primarily at the deaf and the hard-of-hearing viewers, although they can also be enjoyed by people learning an additional language, people first learning how to read, and others, in order to read a transcript of the audio portion of a video, film, or other presentation. It is closed because it is not engraved on the film | <LI>https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/closed-captions#:~:text=Closed%20captions%20are%20a%20text,for%20a%20variety%20of%20situations.</LI> [23.4.2021]; <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge</LI> | WhatIs; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun | "Although <b>closed captions</b> (CCs) and subtitles look similar, they’re designed for two different purposes." | https://matinee.co.uk/blog/closed-captions-vs-subtitles-and-why-the-difference-is-important/ [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
29 | closed subtitles | EN | subtitle of the teletext type that can be viewed by means of a decoder and character generator in the television set; they can be added to the original version by the viewer | https://fdocuments.in/document/glossary-of-subtitling-terminology.html [13.5.2021] | India Documents | noun | "This document describes <b>'closed' subtitles</b> only, also known as 'closed captions'." | https://bbc.github.io/subtitle-guidelines/ [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
30 | codec | EN | device or computer program that compresses data (= makes it use less space) so it can be sent or stored, and decompresses it (= returns it to its original form) so it can be seen or used | https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/codec [23.4.2021] | Cambridge Dictionary | noun | "<b>Codecs</b> are compression technologies and have two components, an encoder to compress the files, and a decoder to decompress." | https://www.streamingmedia.com/Articles/ReadArticle.aspx?ArticleID=74487 [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
31 | cold read | EN | performing a script without preparation; audition where an actor is given little or no time to rehearse | <LI>https://www.yourdictionary.com/cold-read</LI> [23.4.2021]; <LI>https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [3.7.2021]</LI> | YourDictionary; Global Voice Acting Academy (glossary) | noun | "A <b>cold read</b> of a text is the most accurate, efficient, and conservative way to assess a student’s current reading ability." | https://fpblog.fountasandpinnell.com/when-to-use-a-cold-read-vs.-a-warm-read [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
32 | combined continuity | EN | highly detailed transcript of a feature film or documentary, working document that contains the complete list of dialogues together with additional information on the actors’ performance and the camera movements | <LI>https://www.transcriptionstudio.com/what-is-a-ccsl#:~:text=A%20COMBINED%20CONTINUITY%20SPOTTING%20LIST,effects%2C%20time%20coding%20and%20more.</LI> [23.04.2021], <LI> Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation:Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group</LI> | Transcription studio; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation:Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. | noun | "A <b>Combined Continuity Lis</b>t is a list that contains cut-by-cut description of all camera shots, movement of camera and actors within the shot, and dialogue spoken within the shot[...]" | https://www.thescriptspecialists.com/continuity-lists.html [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
33 | compression | EN | act of making something smaller or shorter so that it will fit into a particular space or time; in AV it refers to a technique for reducing the number of bits in a digital signal, usually by lowering the quality of the signal | <LI>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/compression</LI>[23.4.2021], <LI> Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation:Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group</LI> | Cambridge Dictionary; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation:Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group | noun | "The basic principle behind <b>compression</b> is to develop a method or protocol for using fewer bits to represent the original information." | https://curriculum.code.org/csp-1718/unit2/2/#:~:text=Compression%20is%20a%20method%20or,the%20larger%20patterns%20of%20data. [26.4.2021] | Article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
34 | concatenation / branching | EN | series of events, ideas, or things that are connected; in AV, recording one part of a sentence with variables within that sentence as a means of customizing a response | <LI>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/concatenation [24.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [3.7.2021]</LI> | Cambridge Dictionary; Global Voice Acting Academy | noun | "It is often necessary to join text strings together in a program to make a new text string. This is called <b>concatenation</b>." | https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z8dbtv4/revision/3 [25.05.2021] | BBC article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
35 | control room | EN | room (as in a broadcasting station) in which the control instruments are located; usually a separate room from the booth | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/control%20room | Merriam-Webster Dictionary | noun | "The licensee shall make provisions for limiting access to the <b>control room</b> to those individuals responsible for the direct operation of the nuclear power plant | https://books.google.ro/books?id=3UpWXPQGdaEC&q=control+room&dq=control+room&hl=ro&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiBiKvEgdTwAhU5CRAIHbwWDus4FBDoATABegQIBRAC [25.5.2021] | Supplement No. 1 to the Safety Evaluation Report by the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, in the Matter of Tennessee Valley Authority, Sequoyah Nuclear Plant, Units 1 and 2, Docket Nos. 50-327 and 50-328 | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
36 | corporate presentation | EN | presentation meant to be shown in a company not to be broadcast, normally used to present innovative ideas, reports, or statuses to the clients or the company itself | https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [3.7.2021] | Global Voice Acting Academy glossary | noun | "In a <b>corporate presentation</b>, issues that attract the attention of the audience revolve round actual, hidden, opportunity and estimated costs, risks, opinions of market leaders and competitors and the factor of time and deadlines." | https://books.google.ro/books?id=bxhBDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT26&dq=corporate+presentation&hl=ro&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj0npu4h9TwAhUhAxAIHXxEAQYQ6AEwBXoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=corporate%20presentation&f=false [25.05.2021] | Kaul, Asha, The Effective Presentation, Sage Publication India, 2005 | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
37 | cross talk | EN | copy spoken into one actor’s microphone and picked up by another mic (the sound is said to spill over or bleed into the other actor’s mic) ; unwanted signals in a communication channel (as in a telephone, radio, or computer) caused by transference of energy from another circuit (as by leakage or coupling) | <LI>https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [3.7.2021]</LI>, <LI>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cross%20talk</LI> | Global Voice Acting Academy glossary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary | noun | "Its performance is affected by the overall interaction of such things as the number of qubits, connectivity of qubits, gate fidelity, <b>cross talk</b>, circuit compiler efficiency, and other features that affect a quantum computer. | https://www.forbes.com/sites/moorinsights/2021/03/09/honeywell-quantum-computer-model-h1-sets-a-new-measured-quantum-volume-record-of-512/?sh=4b87c9457813 | Forbes Com | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
38 | cue(ing) | EN | signal (such as a word, phrase, or bit of stage business) to a performer to begin a specific speech or action; in AV, process of defining the in and out times of individual subtitles | <LI>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cue [25.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation:Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group</LI> | Merriam-Webster Dictionary; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation:Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. | noun + verb | "Cross-modal <b>cueing</b>, however, seems to depend on the type of visual cue: facilitation effects have been reported for endogenous visual cues while exogenous cues seem to be mostly ineffective." | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277079622_Cross-modal_cueing_in_audiovisual_spatial_attention [25.05.2021] | article abstract | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
39 | cue up | EN | matching to time and speed, lining up an actor’s voice to the visuals or music. | https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [23.05.2021] | Global Voice Academy | verb | "The DJ <b>cued up</b> the next record on the turntable as the song came to an end. I wanted to show scenes from the film during my presentation, so I cued them up ahead of time." | https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/cue+up [23.5.2021] | The Free Dictionary | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
40 | cut | EN | any editing of the programme that involves a change from one image to another; usually referred to as scene changes; a specific segment of the voice-over recording, usually referred to during editing or shot changes | <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling</LI>, <LI>https://www.nycastings.com/voice-over-terms-glossary/</LI> | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling; DirectSubmit glossary | noun + verb | "I can even convert the SRT file to ASS format and re-encode the video with Avidemux to brand in the subtitles for the <b>cut</b> part." | https://forum.videohelp.com/threads/361889-Cut-part-from-video-and-cut-subtitles-as-well [3.7.2021] | forum | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
41 | DAT | Digital AudioTape | EN | type of magnetic tape used to make very high quality recordings of sound by recording it in digital form | https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/dat [25.5.2021] | Collins Dictionary | noun | "A modification of a commercially available <b>digital-audio tape (DAT)</b> for DC recordings such as those used in patch clamp and other electrophysiological experiments is introduced." [25.5.2021] | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/016502709290071K | Science Direct | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | |||
42 | dead air | EN | period of silence especially during a broadcast (when a voiceover pause is too long) | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dead%20air [20.5.2021] | Merriam-Webster Dictionary | noun | "After the commercial, there were a few seconds of <b>dead air</b> before the show continued." | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dead%20air [20.5.2021] | Merriam-Webster Dictionary | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
43 | de-breathing | EN | taking a recorded voice performance, select the breath and removing it (removing all breaths from a vocal performance) | <LI>UMFST-RO, based on: https://www.gravyforthebrain.com/commercial-voiceover-when-should-you-debreath/ [20.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>https://www.procommvoices.com/voice-over-studio-terms-and-definitions/ [3.7.2021]</LI> | UMFST-RO, Voice Over Studio Terms and Definitions | verb | "If you’re new to producing voice overs, <b>de-breathing</b> involves editing out the short sips of air everyone takes when talking." | https://www.procommvoices.com/debreathing-voice-overs/ [20.5.2021] | Procom Voices | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
44 | decibel | EN | logarithmic scale used to denote the intensity, or pressure level, of a sound relative to the threshold of human hearing | https://www.eea.europa.eu/help/glossary/eea-glossary/decibel [20.5.2021] | European Environment Agency | noun | "The unit decibel is used because a <b>one-decibel</b> difference in loudness between two sounds is the smallest difference detectable by human hearing." | https://www.britannica.com/science/decibel [20.5.2021] | Britannica Com | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
45 | decoder | EN | piece of equipment that allows you to receive particular television signals | https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/decoder [20.5.2021] | Cambridge Dictionary | noun | "The JSON <b>decoder</b> parses the string, converting its fields according to the Decodable protocol implemented by Article, and successfully populating a new Article." | https://developer.apple.com/documentation/combine/just/decode(type:decoder:) | Apple.com | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
46 | demo | EN | demonstration of an actor’s voice talent. A 3-D calling card, representing the actor when they cannot be present physically (also, a format used by ad agencies to present an idea to a client); an example of a product, especially a computer program or piece of recorded music, given or shown to someone to try to make them buy or support it | <LI>https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [3.7.2021]</LI>, <LI>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/demo [20.5.2021]</LI> | Cambridge Dictionary, Global Acting Academy glossary | noun | "I asked him to give us a <b>demo</b> of the beta version" | https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/demo [20.5.2021] | Cambridge Dictionary | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
47 | dialogue list | EN | transcription of the finished film or tv production and the foundation for creating subtitles, captions and dubbing | https://captioneasy.com/what-is-a-dialogue-list/ [25.5.2021] | Caption Easy.com | noun | "Unlike as-broadcast scripts, <b>dialogue lists</b> are sometimes created before the script is finalized, as story editors, writers, and directors may wish to check the flow of dialogue between characters." | https://www.dailytranscription.com/dialogue-lists/ [20.5.2021] | Daily Transcription | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
48 | dialogue subtitle | EN | conversation appearing on the screen between the scenes of a silent motion picture; subtitle conveying the speech of two people | <LI>UMFST-RO, based on: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/subtitle https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/dialogue [25.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group</LI> | UMFST-RO, Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group | noun | "Captions are a transcription of <b>dialogue</b>, while subtitles are a translation. They both appear as text on the bottom of your screen, and typically represent the speech between characters on your television or computer." | https://www.rev.com/blog/subtitles-vs-captions [25.5.2021] | Rev.com | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
49 | diegetic sound | EN | any voice, music or sound effect whose source is present on screen or belongs to the narrative space | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group | noun | "<b>Diegetic sound</b> flows from the narrative world of a visual story. It is any sound that exists within the story and can include the voices of characters to the sounds of objects or music coming from a radio." | https://www.thebroadcastbridge.com/content/entry/14689/understanding-diegetic-sound-in-video-storytelling [25.5.2021] | The Broadcast Bridge | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
50 | digital recording | EN | process of recording sound usually on magnetic tape by the digital representation of sound waves as the sum of minute increments in amplitude | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/digital%20recording [25.5.2021] | Merriam-Webster Dictionary | noun | "<b>Digital recording</b> and computer-based numerical processing of holograms offers many new possibilities in metrological applications." | https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/digital-recording [25.5.2021] | Science Direct | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
51 | display | EN | screen that is part of a computer system or other piece of equipment; in AV, text that is an integral part of the picture, e.g. banners in demonstrations or road sign | <LI>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/display [25.5.2021], <LI> Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group</LI> | Cambridge Dictionary, Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group | noun | "Council Directive 90/270/EEC of 29 May 1990 on the minimum safety and health requirements for work with <b>display</b> screen equipment (fifth individual Directive within the meaning of Article 16 (1) of Directive 89/391/EEC)" | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31990L0270 [25.5.2021] | Eur-Lex Europa | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
52 | distortion | EN | fuziness in the sound quality of a recorded piece | https://www.nycastings.com/voice-over-terms-glossary/ [3.7.2021] | DirectSubmit glossary | noun | "If the audio meter in your NLE or on any other input device is turning red, this means that your recording is clipping, which can create unwanted <b>distortion</b>." | https://blog.accusonus.com/fix-broken-audio/common-recording-problems/ [3.7.2021] | blog | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
53 | distribution | EN | list with all the actors in a movie and their roles, alos the process of supplying the finished film to the places where it will be shown | <LI>UMFST-RO, Based on: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/distribution [25.5.2021]</LI>, <LI> Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge </LI> | UMFST-RO; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun | " In a production/finance/<b>distribution</b> agreement, commonly referred to as a “PFD agreement,” a distribution company (e.g., a studio or VOD company)" hires a production company to produce a film, and the distribution company agrees to directly finance production of, and to distribute, the film. | https://www.forbes.com/sites/schuylermoore/2019/07/19/types-of-film-distribution-agreements/?sh=c296cb36253e [25.5.2021] | Forbes Com | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
54 | donut | EN | section of a spot that will usually feature another voice, usually an announcer. Many times it’s the section of a jingle that showcases an announcement. | https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [25.5.2021] | Global Voice Academy | noun | "There are times your voice has to come between other visuals or music in the script. Your voice coming in once between other actions, visuals, or music is called a <b>donut</b> (one hole), and several times is called a pretzel." | https://www.backstage.com/magazine/article/improv-makes-better-voiceover-actor-5793/ [25.5.2021] | Backstage.com | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
55 | double | EN | term for a two-person spot, or dialogue. | https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [25.5.2021] | Global Voice Academy | noun | "Two-person dialogue spots should be written to intersect with common human behavior." | https://www.mikesvo.com/2019/02/28/two-voice-dialogue-commercials/ [3.7.2021] | Mike Laponis VO - Two-voice dialogue commercials | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
56 | drop off | EN | not ending strong at the end of a word or phrase. | https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [25.5.2021] | Global Voice Academy | noun + verb | "If you find that your voice <b>drops off</b> at the end of your sentences, you are probably male. While this problem is not confined to the male sex, it is much more common among men than women." | https://www.selfgrowth.com/articles/does-your-voice-drop-off-at-the-end-of-your-sentences [25.5.2021] | Self Growth Academy | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
57 | drop out | EN | minute moment of silence inside a recorded word or phrase | https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [25.5.2021] | Global Voice Academy | noun + verb | "However, it is also plausible that non-native English speakers are put off by the mainly English online courses, and choose to not engage at all, or <b>drop-out</b> early in such courses, which should be prevented." | https://osf.io/fx9x9/download [25.5.2021] | Tim van der Zee, Wilfried Admiraal, Leiden University | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
58 | dry voice / dry audio | EN | recorded voice, edited, but without post-production | https://vicsvoice.com/resources/voiceover-glossary.htm [25.5.2021] | Professional US English Voiceovers (glossary) | noun | "Most of our voice over services can be delivered as <b>dry audio<b/> or fully produced audio with sound effects and music as required." | https://www.mediamusicnow.co.uk/help-support/answers/difference-between-dry-and-produced-voice-over.aspx [25.5.2021] | Media Music Production | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
59 | dry read | EN | narrative read of any length that usually contains the voice of one person and is delivered by some means other than ISDN. Typically the file is recorded, edited and delivered as a Monophonic file. No musical bed or background sound effects are added. | https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [25.5.2021] | Global Voice Academy | noun | "When I do audition, I have a process. I have shared this process in classes that I have taught but I will share some of it here for free. I start with a <b>dry read</b>." | https://danereidmedia.com/2020/09/01/the-voiceover-audition-that-got-me-the-job/ [3.7.2021] | blog | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
60 | DVD | digital versatile disc or digital video disc | EN | disc used for storing and playing music, films, or information | https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/dvd [25.5.2021] | Cambridge Dictionary | noun | "If you have an edition of Windows that doesn't play <b>DVDs</b> and you want to play DVDs in Windows, go to Microsoft Store to buy Windows DVD Player or another app that plays DVDs." | https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/dvd-playback-options-for-windows-927ebe85-7837-4149-4323-f55a9e3c4e36 [25.5.2021] | Microsoft | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | |||
61 | editing | EN | process of making changes to a text or film, deciding what will be removed and what will be kept in, in order to prepare it for being printed or shown; in voiceover, the process of removing unwanted portions of audio, leaving only the portion that will be used in the final production (may or may not include de-breathing) | <LI>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/editing [25.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>https://www.procommvoices.com/voice-over-studio-terms-and-definitions/</LI> | Cambridge Dictionary; Procomm Voices glossary | nooun | "Select the photo to access the <b>editing</b> menu options. Under the Filters tab, you can add depth and style with preset filters. The Enhance option helps you finetune your photos with sliders for contrast, brightness, saturation, warmth, or sharpening." | https://www.adobe.com/express/feature/image/editor [25.5.2021] | Adobe webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
62 | EFX | effects | EN | effects; another term for SFX. | https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/ [25.5.2021] | Global Voice Academy | noun | "Adobe® Creative Cloud® software includes thousands of uncompressed, royalty-free audio sound effects. These files have been grouped together by type and compressed into ZIP archives that can be downloaded using the links below." | https://www.adobe.com/products/audition/offers/AdobeAuditionDLCSFX.html [26.5.2021] | Adobe webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | |||
63 | electronic subtitles | EN | subtitles which are projected through luminous panels; produced by a character generator and beamed by a projector onto the screen, without damaging the original copy | <LI>https://www.academypublication.com/issues/past/jltr/vol05/05/15.pdf [25.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge </LI> | Journal Of Language Teaching and Research; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun | "Bartoll also listed another technology-related type, the so-called <b>electronic subtitles</b> which are projected through luminous panels. By those parameters, some more types of subtitles can be distinguished." | https://www.academypublication.com/issues/past/jltr/vol05/05/15.pdf [25.5.2021] | Journal Of Language Teaching and Research | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
64 | encoding | EN | use of hardware or software to convert a video or audio signal into a specific format, often using compression algorithms to reduce the overall amount of data | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun + verb | "<b>Encoding</b> is the process of transforming a set of Unicode characters into a sequence of bytes. In contrast, decoding is the process of transforming a sequence of encoded bytes into a set of Unicode characters. For information about the Unicode Transformation Formats (UTFs) and other encodings supported by Encoding, see Character Encoding in .NET." | https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.text.encoding?view=net-5.0 [25.5.2021] | Microsoft | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
65 | engraving | EN | last phase in the subtitling of a cinema movie that consists in inscribing the subtitles on the film copy in such a way that they appear and disappear in sync with the dialogue exchange | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun + verb | ”LaserFlex is a high quality, multi-layered polyurethane film highly suited for customising textiles. The laser can realise even the finest details with intricate motifs, which would be impossible to achieve with a cutting plotter. Once the motif has been <b>engraved</b> and cut out on the laser unit, the design is applied to the textiles using a transfer press. LaserFlex is characterised by good opacity and high elasticity. It is particularly suited to cotton, polyester and blended fabrics.” | https://www.trotec-materials.com/laser-materials/foil-sticker/laserflex.html [12.5.2021] | LaserFlex webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
66 | ESIST | European Association for Studies in Screen Translation | EN | non-profit making association of higher education teachers, practitioners, academics and students in the field of audiovisual translation set up to facilitate the exchange of information and to promote professional standards in the training and practice of screen translation | https://www.esist.org/ [12.5.2021] | IATE term base | noun | ”The Code provided a set of instructions aimed at ensuring the production of high-quality subtitles for the hearing. As such, it was endorsed by the <b>European Association for Studies in Screen Translation</b> in the same year it was published.” | https://www.esist.org/resources/avt-guidelines-and-policies/ 12.5.2021] | ESIST webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | |||
67 | equalization (EQ) | EN | boosting or reducing (attenuating) the levels of different frequencies in a signal through the use of an audio processor | https://www.mediacollege.com/audio/eq/ [12.5.2021] | IATE term base | noun | ”The equalizer is a very powerful tool when mixing audio, but if misused, it can make everything sound worse! With this course, you can learn how to use equalizers in the right way and improve the quality of your production. ” | https://www.udemy.com/course/equalization-techniques/ [12.5.2021] | Udemy webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
68 | fade in / fade out | EN | optical effect in which a shot appears gradually out of darkness and then gradually disappears; in voiceover, referred to when turning the head away from the mic or towards it | <LI>https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/fade-in-fade-out [12.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>https://www.voices.com/blog/glossary-of-voice-over-terms/[3.7.2021]</LI> | Collins Online Dictionary; V blog glossary | verb | "The <b>Fade In/Fade Out</b> behavior is useful for introducing and removing animated elements. For example, you can apply the Fade In/Fade Out behavior to text that moves across the screen to make it fade into existence, and then fade away at the end of its duration." | https://support.apple.com/hu-hu/guide/motion/motn1374800f/mac [12.5.2021] | Apple support webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
69 | feature film | EN | a full-length film that has a story and is acted by professional actors, and which is usually shown in a cinema | https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/feature-film [12.5.2021] | Online Dictionary | noun | "A modern <b>feature film</b> is typically between 80 and 180 minutes long, but different groups have different minimum lengths to be considered a feature. The Screen Actors Guild definition sets the minimum length at 80 minutes, while AFI and BFI’s definitions call any film longer than 40 minutes a feature. The Academy also uses the 40 minute benchmark to determine if a film is a feature or a short. The Sundance Film Festival sets the line at 50 minutes. | https://screenwriting.io/what-is-a-feature-film/ [12.5.2021] | creenwriting article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
70 | filter | EN | device through which sound or light is passed and which blocks or reduces particular sound or light frequencies | https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/filter [12.5.2021] | Collins Online Dictionary | noun | ”Blue VO!CE microphone technology delivers real-time voice <b>filters</b> that reduce noise and makes your voice sound richer, cleaner, and more professional. Get studio-quality vocal comms with Blue VO!CE via Logitech G HUB Gaming Software.” | https://www.logitechg.com/en-gb/innovation/blue-voice-technology.html [12.5.2021] | Logitech webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
71 | fish-bowl effect | EN | situation met when the actor in the booth cannot hear what the engineer or producer is saying, or vice-versa | https://www.voices.com/blog/glossary-of-voice-over-terms/[3.7.2021] | V Blog glossary | noun | "Because you voice is “rejected” the microphone will only pickup the room reverberation of your voice creating the <b>“fishbowl” effect</b>." | https://www.quora.com/Why-do-my-recordings-suddenly-sound-like-Im-talking-from-inside-a-fish-bowl-I-m-using-a-Fifine-USB-metal-condenser-microphone-and-recording-with-an-OBS-I-got-about-3-good-recordings-and-now-whenever-I-record-my [12.5.2021] | webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
72 | Foley artist | EN | person who re-creates sounds for film, video, and other media in post-production to enhance audio quality | https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/what-is-a-foley-artist/#:~:text=A%20Foley%20artist%20is%20a,as%20they%20watch%20the%20film. [ 17.5.2021] | Studiobinder presentation | noun | "Foley artists also re-record poor quality sounds from the initial set recording, which ends up being most of the sounds you hear in a film." | https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/what-is-a-foley-artist/ [17.5.2021] | Studiobinder webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
73 | foot/feet | EN | unit of measurement (together with the frame) of a movie picture and equals 30.48 centimetres (a foot contains 16 frames) | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun | "When working for theatrical releases, 35 mm motion pictures are measured using the Imperial units, <b>feet</b> and frames." | https://books.google.ro/books?id=VrwfEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA116&lpg=PA116&dq=foot+in+subtitling&source=bl&ots=o17iRyHzOk&sig=ACfU3U1XQn6YCl37V7Im-ElUyrnCU1N_iA&hl=ro&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiz56q76dHxAhW0hf0HHZjoDz0Q6AEwCHoECAsQAw#v=onepage&q=foot%20in%20subtitling&f=false [4.7.2021] | book on subtitling | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
74 | footage | EN | (a piece of) film especially one showing an event; total length of a movie picture in foot/feet and frames, the basic units of measurement of a film | <LI>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/footage [17.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge </LI> | Cambridge Online Dictionary; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun | "Our extensive library of stock media content includes over 15,000 free stock <b>footage</b> and motion graphics clips, and we’re continuously adding more. We carefully curate all of our content in-house, so you can be sure you are getting the best quality content that is safe to use in your project." | https://www.videvo.net/ 17.5.2021] | videvo web library | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
75 | frame | EN | single image of film or video. Framing (a shot) involves composing the visual content of a series of frames as seen from a single point of view, i.e., a fixed camera | http://www.hollywoodlexicon.com/frame.html [17.5.2021] | Hollywood lexicon | noun | "In filmmaking, video production, animation, and related fields, a <b>frame</b> is one of the many still images which compose the complete moving picture." | https://videocide.com/glossary/film-frame/ [25.5.2021] | glossary | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
76 | FTP | File Transfer Protocol | EN | protocol designed for transferring files over the Internet | https://techterms.com/definition/ftp [20.5.2021] | IATE term base | noun | "<b>File transfer protocol</b> is one of many different protocols that dictate how computers behave on the internet. Other such protocols include the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), the Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), and the Network Time Protocol (NTP). FTP enables computers on the internet to transfer files back and forth, and is an essential tool for those building and maintaining websites today. | https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/ftp-file-transfer-protocol.asp [20.5.2021] | article on a specialised website | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | |||
77 | full frame | EN | term used in cinematography to denote the act of capturing pictures by fixing the film gate at its maximum width and height; in television, it refers to pictures touching both sides, top and bottom of the television screen | <LI>https://www.techopedia.com/definition/10618/full-frame [20.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge </LI> | IATE term base, Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun | "Modern <b>full-frame</b> digital cameras offer the best balance of image quality, autofocus performance, and burst speed—and they're more affordable than ever before. If you've been thinking about upgrading, whether it be to an SLR, mirrorless, or fixed-lens model, we've got you covered with the best full-frame cameras we've reviewed." | https://www.pcmag.com/picks/the-best-full-frame-cameras [20.5.2021] | online article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
78 | harmonizer | EN | device that electronically duplicates a signal at a different pitch or different pitches; also referred to as Munchkiniser | https://www.dictionary.com/browse/harmonizer [20.5.2021] | online dictionary | noun | ”A vocal <b>harmonizer</b> might not be the first item that you think to buy for your home studio, but it actually plays an important role in music production. Whether you are a professional guitarist and vocalist or are part of a high school garage band, a vocal harmonizer might be just what you need." | https://coustii.com/vocal-harmonizer/ [20.5.2021] | specialised webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
79 | HDTV | High Definition Television | EN | high-quality video standard developed to replace older video formats often referred to as SDTV (standard definition television) | https://techterms.com/definition/hdtv [20.5.2021] | specialised website | noun | "Back in the 1990s, <b>HDTV (high-definition television)</b> was an example of this "newer and better stuff"; today, it's quite commonplace. But what makes it different from the TVs that came before? And what will come next? Let's take a closer look!" | https://www.explainthatstuff.com/hdtv.html [20.5.2021] | specialised webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | |||
80 | home recording | EN | recording at home rather than in a professional studio; also the Audio Home Recording Act (AHRA) is an amendment to the United States’ 1976 copyright law to stop music piracy | https://www.techopedia.com/definition/24868/audio-home-recording-act-ahra [20.5.2021] | specialised website | noun | "The best way of achieving professional results in <b>home recording</b> is computer recording. While a budget laptop may be able to deal with these applications in some way, an optimized computer system (no matter whether PC or Mac) can achieve better, even professional results, especially when used with a good audio interface, with a good mic, and in a suitable space." | https://www.thomann.de/gb/onlineexpert_topic_home_recording.html [20.5.2021] | specialised webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
81 | in-house | EN | existing, originating, or carried on within a group or organization or its facilities; production produced for the client in the client’s own facilities | <LI>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/in-house [20.5.2021]</LI>; <LI>https://www.voices.com/blog/glossary-of-voice-over-terms/ [3.7.2021]</LI> | Merriam Webster Dictionary | noun | "An <b>in-house</b> operation is an activity performed within the same business, using the company’s assets and employees to perform the necessary work. This is the opposite of outsourcing, which involves hiring outside assistance, often through another business, to perform those activities." | https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/in-house.asp [20.5.2021] | term webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
82 | insert | EN | any written text that appears in the original programme; it may have been recorded by the camera (e.g. letters, road signs, grafitti, banners) or added afterwards during the editing (e.g. text locating the scene, both in terms of time and space) | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun + verb | "Any change you make in the Subtitle text box will appear in the Subtitle <b>inserts</b> used in this document." | https://usermanuals.finalemusic.com/Finale2012Mac/Content/Finale/ID_MENU_INSERT_SUBTITLE.htm [3.7.2021] | online user manual | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
83 | interlingual subtitles | EN | subtitles that imply the translation from a source language into a target language | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun | "<b>Interlingual subtitling</b> (when the subtitles are in a different language than the audio) has both the same and additional problems that make it so the audio and subtitles don’t always match." the literature shows is that L2 vocabulary development is possible to be aided by the use of subtitled material, but the degree to which the effectiveness of intralingual subtitles and/or interlingual subtitles is related to such development in different L2 populations still poses challenges, doubts, and inconsistencies to researchers and L2 practitioners. | https://translatorthoughts.com/2014/03/industry-of-subtitling/ [3.7.2021] | online school for freelance translators webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
84 | intertitle | EN | in silent motion pictures, an intertitle is a piece of filmed, printed text edited into the midst of (i.e. -inter) the photographed action, generally to convey character dialogue, or descriptive narrative material related to the material photographed | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun | "Common contemporary usage of the term <b>intertitle</b> reflects a misunderstanding of the function of title cards up to the early 1910s. Unlike the later role of intertitles as captions placed in between shots within scenes, early title cards were headings, either serving as titles of individual films (and initially presented as lantern slides) or as subtitles naming component scenes within longer individual films [...]" | https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/filmhistory.25.1-2.81?seq=1 [20.5.2021] | article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
85 | intralingual subtitles | EN | subtitling done in the same language that is being spoken | https://translatorthoughts.com/2014/03/industry-of-subtitling/ [20.5.2021] | Online School for Freelance Translators | noun | "Overall, what the literature shows is that L2 vocabulary development is possible to be aided by the use of subtitled material, but the degree to which the effectiveness of <b>intralingual subtitles</b> and/or interlingual subtitles is related to such development in different L2 populations still poses challenges, doubts, and inconsistencies to researchers and L2 practitioners." | file:///C:/Users/burja/Downloads/IntralingualsubtitlesinterlingualsubtitlesandL2vocabulary.pdf [20.5.2021] | article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
86 | IVR | Interactive Voice Response | EN | automated interactive voice response system interacting with the caller; the caller listens to the IVR system menu, responds by pressing a key on his smartphone, and then the system reacts accordingly | https://www.cloudtalk.io/ [20.5.201] | call center webpage | noun | "<b>VR</b> and other forms of telephone self-service have been in operation in business since the 1970s, and have occasionally been derided for their impersonal and often disjointed customer experience. Michael Maoz, research vice president and distinguished analyst at Gartner Research once said, “<b>IVR</b> ranks with taxation as one of the most disliked features ever created”[...] | https://www.mycustomer.com/hr-glossary/interactive-voice-response [20.5.2021] | MyCustomer webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | |||
87 | kerning | EN | adjusting the horizontal spacing between letters; the distance between a kerned pair of adjacent characters in a line of composed text | <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge </LI>, <LI>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/kerning [20.5.2021]</LI> | book, Merriam Webster online dictionary | verb | "Your clients may not know what <b>kerning</b> is, but they’ll know something’s amiss when their design has poorly kerned type. Doing it right helps a design look more professional, so spending just a couple more minutes kerning your type should be second nature for any professional designer. | https://99designs.com/blog/tips/11-kerning-tips/ [20.5.2021] | blog | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
88 | latency | EN | time from the onset of a stimulus to that of the response; in AV terminology, time that elapses between the appearance of a subtitle on the screen and the eye registering it | <LI>https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/latent-time [21.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge </LI> | Collins Online Dictionary; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun | "<b>Latency</b>, on the other hand, refers to the length of time it takes for the data that you feed into one end of your network to emerge at the other end. Actually, we usually measure the round trip time; for data to get to one end, and back again." | https://www.sas.co.uk/blog/what-is-network-latency-how-do-you-use-a-latency-calculator-to-calculate-throughput [21.05.2021] | blog | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
89 | letterbox | EN | picture format on television or computers, in which the image is displayed across the middle of the screen with dark bands at the top and bottom of the screen. | UMFST-RO based on: <LI>https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/letterbox 21.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge </LI> | Collins dictionary; book | noun | "<b>Letterboxing</b> is the practice of transferring film shot in a widescreen aspect ratio to standard-width video formats while preserving the film's original aspect ratio." | https://dbpedia.org/page/Letterboxing_(filming) [21.5.2021] | Bedia crowd-sourced community webpage | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
90 | library music | EN | pre-recorded music that producers use when the budget doesn’t allow original music | https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/[11.5.2021] | Glossary | noun | "In short, <b>library music</b> (aka production or stock music) is music recorded in a multitude of contexts and styles by work-for-hire musicians, owned by music-library labels, and lent out to commercial enterprises in TV, radio, and film.” | https://pitchfork.com/features/starter/9410-library-music/ [15.5.2021] | online article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
91 | live mic | EN | audio input that transmits your voice to your audience; the mic is on and can pick up everything said in the booth | UMFST-RO, based on: <LI>https://www.sweetwater.com/insync/live-sound-microphone-buying-guide/ [10.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>https://www.voices.com/blog/glossary-of-voice-over-terms/ [3.7.2021]</LI> | Online article | noun | "<b>Live Microphone</b> is very simple app just sends audio from the mic to the speaker, plug it into your computer or whatever using a 3.5mm male to male headphone jack and you get a free mic.” | https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=one.way.bulletbikephotoeditor&hl=en&gl=US[10.5.2021] | Apps on Google Play | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
92 | live subtitling | EN | subtitling produced during the broadcasting of a live programme; real-time transcription of spoken words, sound effects, important musical cues, and other relevant audio information to enable deaf or hard-of-hearing persons to follow a live audiovisual programme | <LI>http://galmaobservatory.eu/areas/live-subtitling-respeaking/ [10.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge </LI> | Article; book | noun | "<b>Live-Subtitling</b> is applied in a number of different settings, from public talks to debates, from live television broadcasts to university lectures and school classes.” | https://bfc.unige.ch/en/research-areas-bfc/live-subtitling/[10.5.2021] | article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
93 | localization | EN | adaptation of documents for foreign audiences in terms of moving images, animated onscreen text, voiceover, background music and sound effects; process by which multiple language versions of aproduct are created | <LI>https://www.acclaro.com/blog/multimedia-localization-voiceover-subtitling/ [10.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge </LI> | Blog; Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge | noun | "<b>Localization</b> consists of translating and adapting all elements of websites, video games, software and other audiovisual documents to provide a better consumer approved product in a certain country it is exported to.” | https://translation-boutique.com/en/audiovisual-translation-what-is-it-about/ [11.5.2021] | article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
94 | looping | EN | older technology of recording background sound effects and noises for TV or film (done in post-production after the show is recorded) | <LI>https://globalvoiceacademy.com/resources/glossary-of-voice-acting-terms/[11.5.2021]</LI>, <LI>https://www.voices.com/blog/glossary-of-voice-over-terms/ [3.7.2021]</LI> | Glossary | noun + verb | "While this latter form of post-synchronized re-voicing is present in virtually all modern films, it is often called “<b>looping</b>” to distinguish it from dubbing as language translation.” | http://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/al-turats/article/viewFile/8621/4968[11.5.2021] | article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
95 | LTC | Longitudinal Time Code | EN | time code recorded alongside the images on a magnetic recording, often on one of the sound tracks | https://fdocuments.in/document/glossary-of-subtitling-terminology.html [11.5.2021] | Glossary | noun | "The information included in the <b>LTC</b> is the time code itself plus the User Bits, the synchronization and the dedicated and/or unallocated bits.” | https://www.telefonicaserviciosaudiovisuales.com/en/audiovisual-dictionary/ltc-longitudinal-time-code/[13.5.2021] | article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | |||
96 | master (list) | EN | script of a film or TV show containing subtitels of the actors’ lines in the original or a pivot language, to be used by subtitlers translating into other languages. The master list gives the essence of what is said as well as suggesting a proper length of the subtitle | https://fdocuments.in/document/glossary-of-subtitling-terminology.html [11.5.2021] | Glossary | noun | "A <b>Master List</b> is one central location where you will keep all the possible activities, notes, action items and so on from one week.” | https://www.eliteroadwarrior.com/productivitytime-management-planning/[15.5.2021] | article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
97 | métrage | EN | length of a film in metres | https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/french-english/court-m%C3%A9trage[06.5.2021] | Collins Dictionary | noun | "L’Agence du court <b>métrage</b> works with over 600 movie theaters. Many among them also distribute short films programs for young audiences and any other type of audience.” | https://www.agencecm.com/pages/index.php/en/how-to-watch-short-films/how-to-watch-short-films/[06.5.2021] | article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
98 | MPEG | Motion Picture Experts Group | EN | any of a group of computer file formats for the compression and storage of digital video and audio data; family of digital audio and video coding standards enabling data compression of sound and images without great loss of quality so that they take up less capacity | <LI>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/MPEG[6.5.2021]</LI>, <LI> Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge </LI> | online dictionary, book | noun | "<b>MPEG</b> algorithms compress data to form small bits that can be easily transmitted and then decompressed.” | https://www.webopedia.com/definitions/mpeg/[6.5.2021] | article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | |||
99 | multilingual subtitling | EN | subtitling a film or TV programme in several languages to be shown on the screen or distributed simultaneously | https://fdocuments.in/document/glossary-of-subtitling-terminology.html [11.5.2021] | Glossary | noun + verb | "e2f’s <b>multilingual subtitling</b> allows media companies to broadcast their content to a worldwide audience in near real-time.” | https://e2f.com/multilingual-subtitles-2/[7.5.2021] | article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over | ||||
100 | narrative title | EN | distinguishing name of a written, printed, or filmed production, offering information about the diegesis | <LI>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/title[15.5.2021]</LI>, <LI> Cintas, J..D., Remael, A. (2014). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge </LI> | Online dictionary; book | noun | "This one- to two-minute <b>title</b> sequence should be “<b>narrative</b>” in one of two senses--or perhaps a combination of these: 1. a diachronic narrative works by way of plot: "this, then this, then this..," portraying something that happens to a character 2. a synchronic narrative works by way of editing or "montage" to arouse tension, anticipation, curiosity, or a sense of discovery: "this, plus this, plus this," and produces something that happens to the viewer." | https://www.d.umn.edu/~cstroupe/f18/4260/narrative_title/index.html [15.5.2021] | article | AVT | Subtitling, voice-over |