This is already available in the screening database; a QURID was added to every record. We will use this to automatically import bibliographic information available in that file, such as title, keywords, potentially abstract, etc.

"qurid_6", "qurid_12"

This container entity holds the information about the authors.

Look in the article for the full name of every author. Extract last name(s) followed by first name(s). For first names use initials. If no name is present, extract this as "c("nr")".

c("Agasisti, T.", "Cannistrà, M.", "Soncin, M.", "Marazzina, D.")

Note that articles are not excluded based on language. After the screening we look for students/colleagues who can read a certain language. If not the article will be excluded. Use ISO 639-1 to extract this (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-1_codes). If an article is written in a language that is not represented in ISO 639-1, extract using ISO 639-2 instead. e.g. English = en; Dutch = nl.

Extract literally which terms the authors use. If the authors use multiple terms to refer to the type of review, use the term they use in the title. If no review type is included in the title, use the term from the abstract. If no review type is included in the abstract, use the term from the keywords. If not reported, "nr". We will later explore these terms inductively (e.g. creating categories).

"Systematic review", "Systematic review and meta analyses"

The literal text described as the purpose/ aim/ goal/ reason/ intention of the study.

If the goal is described in several places in the article (e.g., summary, introduction, conclusion), then only the aim described in the introduction is extracted. If the aim is not reported in the introduction by any of these words, enter c("nr") We will later explore these terms inductively (e.g., creating categories).

Research question(s) of the study / hypothesis of the study.

If found, check whether the sentences before or the sentences after relate to the research question or hypothesis of this study. If so, copy the literal text. If this is not reported enter c("nr"). We will later explore these terms inductively (e.g., creating categories).

This container entity contains the different concepts around "green spaces" that this review uses. How the authors define "green spaces"-related terms (or whichever synonym for "green spaces" they use, e.g., "street trees, forests, city parks, water bodies")

The definition of green spaces, as the authors descibe it.

If the authors define this term in the introduction, the literal words they use. Extract the term the authors use, if authors cite another paper, a reference to that paper, and if it is defined in the review, the literal definition the authors use. Start with the first sentence where the term is defined; then copy until the last sentence about the concept. If authors continue with parts of the definition later in the article (i.e. if they provide additional information about what the concept does and does not encompass), add that information in additional vector elements (i.e., using "c()"). Example vector: "c("text", "text", "text")". If not reported, "c("nr")".

greenSpaces_definitions

The exact literal term the authors use for this particular synonym of "green spaces".

c("green spaces", "forest", "city parks")

greenSpaces_definitions

This container entity contains the reported selection criteria in the article.

Extract literally the text the authors use to describe the inclusion and/or exclusion criteria they used in their review. This may include selection criteria such as population (e.g. age, ethnicity), geographic location, urbanization type (e.g., "urban" or "rural"), methods (e.g., "qualitative studies", "quantitative studies" or "mixed methods") of the studies included in the review. If multiple such sentences or fragments are distributed throughout the source, extract them as separate values in a vector using "c()". If no inclusion or exclusion criterion was reported, extract "c("nr")". If it is unclear from the review whether method was an inclusion or exclusion criterion, extract "c("nr")". We will later explore these terms inductively (e.g., creating categories).

string.multi.mandatory

This container entity contains the reported participant demographics in the article.

Whether participants' gender and / or sex is reported in the article.

Extract this as "no" if they do not provide information on this demographic variable and "yes" if they do.

participant_demographics

How the authors conceptualized the concepts of gender and sex.

Copy and paste the conceptualization described in the article exactly as it appears. Typically, this information is found in the method section of the article. Use c("nr") if no conceptualization is given.

participant.gender.conceptualization

string.multi.mandatory

participant_demographics

Which metrics (e.g., percentages) are utilized to document and report the gender and/or sex of the participants.

Copy and paste the specific metrics employed for characterizing the sample(s) with respect to gender and / or sex. Typically, you can find this information in the results section, look for information provided for each study seperate (for example in table) but also reported as overall results. Please refrain from copying and pasting the actual numerical values (e.g., 20% women) and focus solely on the types of metrics used (e.g., percentage). Use c("nr") if no metric is used. If numbers are reported at both the study level and the review level, indicate this clearly (e.g., “number of studies” or “number of individuals.”).

string.multi.mandatory

c("percentage", "number of studies”)

participant_demographics

Whether participants' age is reported in the article.

Extract this as "no" if they do not provide information on this demographic variable and "yes" if they do.

participant_demographics

How the authors conceptualized the concept of age.

Copy and paste the conceptualization described in the article exactly as it appears. Typically, this information is found in the method section of the article. Use c("nr") if no conceptualization is given.

string.multi.mandatory

participant_demographics

Which metrics (e.g., percentages) are utilized to document and report the age of the participants.

Copy and paste the specific metrics employed for characterizing the sample(s) with respect to age. Typically, you can find this information in the results section, look for information provided for each study seperate (for example in table) but also reported as overall results. Please refrain from copying and pasting the actual numerical values (e.g., 20% > 80 years) and focus solely on the types of metrics used (e.g., percentage). Use c("nr") if no metric is used. If numbers are reported at both the study level and the review level, indicate this clearly (e.g., “number of studies” or “number of individuals.”).

string.multi.mandatory

c("percentage", "number of studies”)

participant_demographics

Whether participants' socioeconomic status is reported in the article.

Extract this as "no" if they do not provide information on this demographic variable and "yes" if they do.

participant_demographics

Socioeconomic status conceptualization

How the authors conceptualized the concept of socialeconomic status.

Copy and paste the conceptualization described in the article exactly as it appears. Typically, this information is found in the method section of the article. Use c("nr") if no conceptualization is given.

string.multi.mandatory

participant_demographics

Which metrics (e.g., percentages) are utilized to document and report the socioeconomic status of the participants.

Copy and paste the specific metrics employed for characterizing the sample(s) with respect to socioeconomic status. Typically, you can find this information in the results section, look for information provided for each study seperate (for example in table) but also reported as overall results. Please refrain from copying and pasting the actual numerical values (e.g., 20% with a low level of education) and focus solely on the types of metrics used (e.g., percentage). Use c("nr") if no metric is used. If numbers are reported at both the study level and the review level, indicate this clearly (e.g., “number of studies” or “number of individuals.”).

string.multi.mandatory

c("percentage", "number of studies”)

participant_demographics

Whether participants' care responsibilities are reported in the article.

Extract this as "no" if they do not provide information on this demographic variable and "yes" if they do.

participant_demographics

How the authors conceptualized the concept of care responsibilities.

Copy and paste the conceptualization described in the article exactly as it appears. Typically, this information is found in the method section of the article, look for information provided for each study seperate (for example in table) but also reported as overall results. Use c("nr") if no conceptualization is given.

participant.care.conceptualization

string.multi.mandatory

participant_demographics

Which metrics (e.g., percentages) are utilized to document and report the care responsibilities of the participants.

Copy and paste the specific metrics employed for characterizing the sample(s) with respect to care responsibilities. Typically, you can find this information in the results section, look for information provided for each study seperate (for example in table) but also reported as overall results. Please refrain from copying and pasting the actual numerical values (e.g., 20% caring for a minor) and focus solely on the types of metrics used (e.g., percentage). Use c("nr") if no metric is used. If numbers are reported at both the study level and the review level, indicate this clearly (e.g., “number of studies” or “number of individuals.”).

string.multi.mandatory

c("percentage", "number of studies”)

participant_demographics

Whether participants' sexual identity is reported in the article.

Extract this as "no" if they do not provide information on this demographic variable and "yes" if they do.

participant_demographics

How the authors conceptualized the concept of sexual identity.

Copy and paste the conceptualization described in the article exactly as it appears. Typically, this information is found in the method section of the article. Use c("nr") if no conceptualization is given.

string.multi.mandatory

participant_demographics

Which metrics (e.g., percentages) are utilized to document and report the sexual identity of the participants.

Copy and paste the specific metrics employed for characterizing the sample(s) with respect to care responsibilities. Typically, you can find this information in the results section, look for information provided for each study seperate (for example in table) but also reported as overall results. Please refrain from copying and pasting the actual numerical values (e.g., 20% were gay) and focus solely on the types of metrics used (e.g., percentage). Use c("nr") if no metric is used. If numbers are reported at both the study level and the review level, indicate this clearly (e.g., “number of studies” or “number of individuals.”).

string.multi.mandatory

c("percentage", "number of studies”)

participant_demographics

Whether participants' ethnicity and / or race are reported in the article.

Extract this as "no" if they do not provide information on this demographic variable and "yes" if they do.

participant_demographics

How the authors conceptualized the concepts of ethnicity and / or race.

Copy and paste the conceptualization described in the article exactly as it appears. Typically, this information is found in the method section of the article. Use c("nr") if no conceptualization is given.

string.multi.mandatory

participant_demographics

Which metrics (e.g., percentages) are utilized to document and report the ethnicity and / or race of the participants.

Copy and paste the specific metrics employed for characterizing the sample(s) with respect to ethnicity and / or race. Typically, you can find this information in the results section, look for information provided for each study seperate (for example in table) but also reported as overall results. Please refrain from copying and pasting the actual numerical values (e.g., 20% Black) and focus solely on the types of metrics used (e.g., percentage). Use c("nr") if no metric is used. If numbers are reported at both the study level and the review level, indicate this clearly (e.g., “number of studies” or “number of individuals.”).

string.multi.mandatory

c("percentage", "number of studies”)

participant_demographics

Whether participants' religion and / or worldviews are reported in the article.

Extract this as "no" if they do not provide information on this demographic variable and "yes" if they do.

participant_demographics

Religion and worldviews conceptualization

How the authors conceptualized the concepts of religion and / or worldviews.

Copy and paste the conceptualization described in the article exactly as it appears. Typically, this information is found in the method section of the article. Use c("nr") if no conceptualization is given.

string.multi.mandatory

participant_demographics

Which metrics (e.g., percentages) are utilized to document and report the religion and / or worldviews of the participants.

Copy and paste the specific metrics employed for characterizing the sample(s) with respect to religion and / or worldviews. Typically, you can find this information in the results section, look for information provided for each study seperate (for example in table) but also reported as overall results. Please refrain from copying and pasting the actual numerical values (e.g., 20% Jewish) and focus solely on the types of metrics used (e.g., percentage). Use c("nr") if no metric is used. If numbers are reported at both the study level and the review level, indicate this clearly (e.g., “number of studies” or “number of individuals.”).

string.multi.mandatory

c("percentage", "number of studies”)

participant_demographics

Whether participants' mental health is reported in the article.

Extract this as "no" if they do not provide information on this demographic variable and "yes" if they do.

participant.MentalHealth.presence

participant_demographics

How the authors conceptualized the concept of mental health.

Copy and paste the conceptualization described in the article exactly as it appears. Typically, this information is found in the method section of the article. Use c("nr") if no conceptualization is given.

participant.MentalHealth.conceptualization

string.multi.mandatory

participant_demographics

Which metrics (e.g., percentages) are utilized to document and report the mental health of the participants.

Copy and paste the specific metrics employed for characterizing the sample(s) with respect to mental health. Typically, you can find this information in the results section, look for information provided for each study seperate (for example in table) but also reported as overall results. Please refrain from copying and pasting the actual numerical values (e.g., 20% showed depressive symptoms) and focus solely on the types of metrics used (e.g., percentage). Use c("nr") if no metric is used. If numbers are reported at both the study level and the review level, indicate this clearly (e.g., “number of studies” or “number of individuals.”).

participant.MentalHealth.reporting

string.multi.mandatory

c("percentage", "number of studies”)

participant_demographics

Whether participants' physical health and / or disabilities are reported in the article.

Extract this as "no" if they do not provide information on this demographic variable and "yes" if they do.

participant_demographics

Physical health and disability conceptualization

How the authors conceptualized the concepts of physical health and / or disabilities.

Copy and paste the conceptualization described in the article exactly as it appears. Typically, this information is found in the method section of the article. Use c("nr") if no conceptualization is given.

string.multi.mandatory

participant_demographics

Which metrics (e.g., percentages) are utilized to document and report the physical health and / or disabilities of the participants.

Copy and paste the specific metrics employed for characterizing the sample(s) with respect to physical health and / or disabilities. Typically, you can find this information in the results section, look for information provided for each study seperate (for example in table) but also reported as overall results. Please refrain from copying and pasting the actual numerical values (e.g., 20% were hard of hearing) and focus solely on the types of metrics used (e.g., percentage). Use c("nr") if no metric is used. If numbers are reported at both the study level and the review level, indicate this clearly (e.g., “number of studies” or “number of individuals.”).

string.multi.mandatory

c("percentage", "number of studies”)

participant_demographics

Whether participants' perceived discrimination experiences are reported in the article.

Extract this as "no" if they do not provide information on this demographic variable and "yes" if they do.

participant_demographics

Perceived discrimination conceptualization

How the authors conceptualized the concepts of perceived discrimination experiences.

Copy and paste the conceptualization described in the article exactly as it appears. Typically, this information is found in the method section of the article. Use c("nr") if no conceptualization is given.

string.multi.mandatory

participant_demographics

Which metrics (e.g., percentages) are utilized to document and report the perceived discrimination experiences of the participants.

Copy and paste the specific metrics employed for characterizing the sample(s) with respect to perceived discrimination experiences. Typically, you can find this information in the results section, look for information provided for each study seperate (for example in table) but also reported as overall results. Please refrain from copying and pasting the actual numerical values (e.g., 20% reported to be discriminated because of their old age) and focus solely on the types of metrics used (e.g., percentage). Use c("nr") if no metric is used. If numbers are reported at both the study level and the review level, indicate this clearly (e.g., “number of studies” or “number of individuals.”).

string.multi.mandatory

c("percentage", "number of studies”)

participant_demographics

This container entity contains the reported methods in the article.

Extract the start year of the search period in the format "YYYY". If this is not clear, not reported or not restricted, extract keep empty.

Extract the end year of the search period in the format "YYYY". In case of an updated search was performed, use latest year. If this is not clear, not reported or not restricted, extract keep empty.

Look for the final number of included articles (not studies). If this is not clear or not reported, extract keep empty.

This entity container contains the entities that are most likely extracted from the results section of the included review.

The effects of green spaces as the review authors describe them.

Copy all pieces of text from results that describe the effects of green spaces on health, including subgroup differences.

string.multi.mandatory

This entity container contains the entities that are most likely extracted from the discussion section of the included review.

The limitations and strenghts of the review that the authors describe.

In the 'discussion' section, identify the description of the review's limitations and strengths by using a search for the word "limitation" and "strength". If it occurs, copy-paste all limitations and strengths that are reported. If the word "limitation" or "strength" does not occur, or if it occurs but does not refer to the review's limitations or strengths, start reading the discussion more carefully and identify whether there are statements that describe weak or strong points or problems or assets. Then extract these literally. If multiple such sentences or fragments are distributed throughout the source, extract them as separate values in a vector using "c()". If the authors list no limitations, weak points, or strengths, extract "c("nr")".

string.multi.mandatory

The authors' recommendations for future research.

In the 'discussion' section, identify the description of the authors' suggestions for future research. Copy-paste all such suggestions literally. If multiple such sentences or fragments are distributed throughout the source, extract them as separate values in a vector using "c()". If the authors make no suggestions for future research, extract "c("nr")".

string.multi.mandatory

In the 'discussion' section, identify the description of the authors' conclusions. Copy-paste all such conclusions literally. If multiple such sentences or fragments are distributed throughout the source, extract them as separate values in a vector using "c()". If the authors draw no conclusions, extract "c("nr")".

string.multi.mandatory

This entity container contains the AMSTAR entities of the included review.

Component "population" is included in the research questions and inclusion criteria of the review

Additional information: Component "population" asks the question: How is the population defined? Did the research questions and inclusion criteria for the review include the component "population"? Extract this as "yes" if the components is included. Extract "no" if not.

Component "exposure" is included in the research questions and inclusion criteria of the review

Additional information: Component "exposure" asks the question: What has the population been deliberately or inadvertently exposed to? Did the research questions and inclusion criteria for the review include the components "exposure"? Extract this as "yes" if the components is included. Extract "no" if not.

Component "comparator group" is included in the research questions and inclusion criteria of the review

Additional information: Component "comparator group" asks the question: What has this been compared with, e.g., a different level of exposure? Did the research questions and inclusion criteria for the review include the component "comparator group"? Extract this as "yes" if the component is included. Extract "no" if not.

Component "outcome" is included in the research questions and inclusion criteria of the review.

Additional information: Component "outcome" asks the question: Which result(s) is the focus on or measured What are they hoping to improve? Did the research questions and inclusion criteria for the review include the component "outcome"? Extract this as "yes" if the components is included. Extract "no" if not.

Component "timeframe for follow-up" is included in the research questions and inclusion criteria of the review

Additional information: Did the research questions and inclusion criteria for the review include the component "timeframe for follow-up"? Extract this as "yes" if the components is included. Extract "no" if not.

The authors state that they had a written protocol or guide that include review question(s).

Additional information: Did the report of the review contain an explicit statement that the authors had a written protocol or guide that include review question(s) prior to the conduct of the review Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

The authors state that they had a written protocol or guide that include a search strategy.

Additional information: Did the report of the review contain an explicit statement that the authors had a written protocol or guide that include a search strategy prior to the conduct of the review? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

The authors state that they had a written protocol or guide that include inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Additional information: Did the report of the review contain an explicit statement that the authors had a written protocol or guide that include inclusion or exclusion criteria prior to the conduct of the review? Extract this as "yes" if at least one of them is included. Extract "no" if not.

The authors state that they had a written protocol or guide that include a risk of bias assessment.

Additional information: Did the report of the review contain an explicit statement that the authors had a written protocol or guide that include a risk of bias assessment prior to the conduct of the review? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

The authors state that they had the protocol registered and specified a meta-analysis/synthesis plan, if appropriate.

Additional information: Did the report of the review contain an explicit statement that the protocol was registered and specified a meta-analysis or synthesis plan. Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

The authors state that they had the protocol registered and specified a plan for investigating causes of heterogeneity.

Additional information: Did the report of the review contain an explicit statement that the protocol was registered and specified a plan for investigating causes of heterogeneity. Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

The authors state that they had the protocol registered and specified justification for any deviations from the protocoll.

Additional information: Did the report of the review contain an explicit statement that the protocol was registered and specified a justification for any deviations from the protocol. Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Additional information: Did the review authors give an explanation for including only RCTs in the review? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Additional information: Did the review authors give an explanation for including only NRSI in the review? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Additional information: Did the review authors give an explanation for including both RCTs and NRSI. in the review? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Additional information: Did the review authors searched at least 2 databases (relevant to research question)? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors provided key word and/or search strategy.

Additional information: Did the review authors provided key word and/or equivalent? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Additional information: Did the review authors justified publication restrictions (e.g., language)? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Author searched the reference lists / bibliographies of included studies.

Additional information: Did the review authors searched the reference lists / bibliographies of included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Additional information: Did the review authors searched trial/study registries? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors included/consulted content experts in the field.

Additional information: Did the review authors included/consulted content experts in the field? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors where relevant, searched for grey literature.

Additional information: Did the review authors where relevant, searched for grey literature)? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors conducted search within 24 months of completion of the review.

Additional information: Did the review authors conducted search within 24 months of completion of the review? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

At least two reviewers independently agreed on selection of eligible studies and achieved consensus on which studies to include.

Additional information: Did at least two reviewers independently agreed on selection of eligible studies and achieved consensus on which studies to include? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not. If not reported, extract "nr".

"yes", "no", "nr"

Two reviewers selected a sample of eligible studies and achieved good agreement (at least 80 percent), with the remainder selected by one reviewer.

Additional information: Did two reviewers selected a sample of eligible studies and achieved good agreement(at least 80 percent, e.g. Kappa score), with the remainder selected by one reviewer? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not. If not reported, extract "nr".

"yes", "no", "nr"

At least two reviewers achieved consensus on which data to extract from included studies.

Additional information: Did at least two reviewers achieved consensus on which data to extract from included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Two reviewers extracted data from a sample of eligible studies and achieved good agreement (at least 80 percent), with the remainder extracted by one reviewer.

Additional information: Did two reviewers extracted data from a sample of eligible studies and achieved good agreement (at least 80 percent), with the remainder extracted by one reviewer? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors provided a list of all potentially relevant studies that were read in full-text form but excluded from the review.

Additional information: Did the review authors provided a list of all potentially relevant studies that were read in full-text form but excluded from the review? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors justified the exclusion from the review of each potentially relevant study

Additional information: Did the review authors justified the exclusion from the review of each potentially relevant study? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors described populations of the included studies.

Additional information: Did the review authors describe the populations of the included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors described exposure of the included studies.

Additional information: Did the review authors describe the exposure of the included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors described comparators of the included studies.

Additional information: Did the review authors describe the comparators of the included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors described outcomes of the included studies.

Additional information: Did the review authors describe the outcomes of the included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors described research designs of the included studies.

Additional information: Did the review authors describe the research designs of the included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors described populations in detal of the included studies.

Additional information: Did the review authors describe the populations in detal of the included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors described interventions in detal of the included studies.

Additional information: Did the review authors describe the described intervention in detail (including doses where relevant) of the included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors described comparators in detail of the included studies.

Additional information: Did the review authors describe the described comparator in detail (including doses where relevant) of the included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors described described study’s setting of the included studies.

Additional information: Did the review authors describe the described study’s setting of the included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors described timeframe for follow-up of the included studies.

Additional information: Did the review authors describe the timeframe for follow-up of the included studies? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not.

Authors assess RCTs for the risk of bias from unconcealed allocation.

Additional information: Did the review authors assess RCTs for the risk of bias from unconcealed allocation? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not. Extract "na" if no RCTs are included in the review.

"yes", "no", "na"

Authors assess RCTs for the risk of bias from lack of blinding of patients and assessors when assessing outcomes (unnecessary for objective outcomes such as all-cause mortality).

Additional information: Did the review authors assess RCTs for the risk of bias from lack of blinding of patients and assessors when assessing outcomes (unnecessary for objective outcomes such as allcause mortality)? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not. Extract "na" if no RCTs are included in the review.

"yes", "no", "na"

Authors assess RCTs for the risk of bias from allocation sequence that was not truly random.

Additional information: Did the review authors assess RCTs for the risk of bias from allocation sequence that was not truly random? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not. Extract "na" if no RCTs are included in the review.

"yes", "no", "na"

Authors assess RCTs for the risk of bias from selection of the reported result from among multiple measurements or analyses of a specified outcome.

Additional information: Did the review authors assess RCTs for the risk of bias from selection of the reported result from among multiple measurements or analyses of a specified outcome? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not. Extract "na" if no RCTs are included in the review.

"yes", "no", "na"

Authors assess NRSI for the risk of bias (RoB) from confounding.

Additional information: Did the review authors assess NRSI for the risk of bias (RoB) from confounding? Extract this as "yes" if the answer is yes to this question. Extract "no" if not. Extract "na" if no NRSI's are included in the review.

"yes", "no", "na"