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NameDimension 1Dimension 2Dimension 3Recommended DimensionsData Storage TypeExpected UnitsMetaData?Description
Notes (WMO BUFR element table (v36) reference if available)
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radianceLocationChannelLocation, ChannelfloatW m-2 sr-1satellite radianceBUFR_012072
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spectralRadianceLocationChannelLocation, ChannelfloatW m-2 sr-1 m-1spectral radiance (per wavelength)
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scaledSpectralRadianceLocationChannelLocation, ChannelfloatW m-2 sr-1 m-1
spectral radiance (per wavelength) with scale factor
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brightnessTemperatureLocationChannelLocation, ChannelfloatKsatellite brightness temperature
BUFR_012063, typically derived from satellite radiance together with Plank function
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brightnessTemperatureStandardDeviation
LocationChannelLocation, ChannelfloatKstandard deviation of brightness temperature
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equivalentBlackBodyTemperatureLocationChannelLocation, ChannelfloatKequivalent black body temperature
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thicknessLocationChannelLocation, Channelfloat1emissivity of surface (land/ocean/ice/etc)
BUFR_014050, typically this is longwave IR emissivity
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emissivityErrorLocationChannelLocation, Channelfloat1emissivity error
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bendingAngleLocationLocationfloatradians
radio occultation ionospheric-corrected bending angle
BUFR_015037
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zenithTotalDelayLocationLocationfloatm
BUFR_015031 name is confusing per Owen Lewis recommendation
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slantPathDelayLocationLocationfloatm
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atmosphericRefractivityLocationLocationfloatN unitsBUFR_015036
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albedoLocationChannelLocation, Channelfloat1satellite albedo/reflectance
BUFR_014027 (top-of-atmosphere, not albedo of surface)
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reflectivityLocationLayerLocation, LayerfloatdBZradar reflectivity
BUFR_021001, most non-polarized radars provide horizontal reflectivity
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horizontalReflectivityLocationLayerLocation, LayerfloatdBZradar reflectivity (horizontal polarization)BUFR_021001
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verticalReflectivityLocationLayerLocation, LayerfloatdBZradar reflectivity (vertical polarization)BUFR_021002
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differentialReflectivityLocationLayerLocation, LayerfloatdBZ
differential reflectivity (horizontal minus vertical polarization)
BUFR_021003
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equivalentReflectivityFactorLocationLayerLocation, LayerfloatdBZequivalent reflectivity factor
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reflectivityMaxInColumnLocationLocationfloatdBZmaximum reflectivity in vertical columnfor MRMS product
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reflectivityLowestScanLevelLocationLocationfloatdBZlowest scan level reflectivity
for composite/mosaic radar (MRMS) when two+ radars see the same point in space, this is the lowest scan angle value
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radialVelocityLocationLayerLocation, Layerfloatm s-1radar radial velocityBUFR_021014
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cosAzimuthCosTiltLocationLayerLocation, Layerfloatdegreecosine of azimuth times cosine of tilt
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sinAzimuthCosTiltLocationLayerLocation, Layerfloatdegreesine of azimuth times cosine of tilt
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differentialPhaseLocationLayerLocation, Layerfloatdegreeradar differential phaseBUFR_021028
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crossCorrelationLocationLayerLocation, Layerfloat1radar cross correlationBUFR_021029
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signalToNoiseRatioLocationLayerLocation, LayerfloatdBsignal to noise ratioBUFR_021030
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instrumentNoiseLocationLocationfloat
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backscatterLocationLayerLocation, LayerfloatdBbackscatterBUFR_021062
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backscatterRatioLocationLayerLocation, Layerfloat1
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backscatterDistanceLocationLayerLocation, Layerfloat1backscatter distance
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airDensityLocationLayerLocation, Layerfloatkg m-3air density
BUFR_013240, density of air (water vapor included)
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dryAirDensityLocationLayerLocation, Layerfloatkg m-3air densitydensity of air excluding water vapor
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waterDensityLocationOceanLayerLocation, OceanLayerfloatkg m-3water density
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iceDensityLocationLocationfloatkg m-3ice density
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airTemperatureLocationLayerLocation, LayerfloatKtemperature of airBUFR_012001
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wetBulbTemperatureLocationLayerLocation, LayerfloatKwet bulb temperatureBUFR_012002
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dewPointTemperatureLocationLayerLocation, LayerfloatKdewpoint temperatureBUFR_012003
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airTemperatureAt2MLocationLocationfloatKtemperature of air at 2 meters (AGL)BUFR_012004
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wetBulbTemperatureAt2MLocationLocationfloatKwet bulb temperature at 2 meters (AGL)BUFR_012005
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dewPointTemperatureAt2MLocationLocationfloatKdewpoint temperature at 2 meters (AGL)BUFR_012006
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virtualTemperatureLocationLayerLocation, LayerfloatKvirtual temperatureBUFR_012007
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virtualTemperatureAt2MLocationLocationfloatKvirtual temperature at 2 meters (AGL)
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soilTemperatureLocationSoilLayerLocation, SoilLayerfloatKsoil temperatureBUFR_012030
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skinTemperatureLocationLocationfloatKskin temperature
BUFR_012061, upper-most surface of the earth temperature (land, lake, sea, ice, snow, etc)
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snowTemperatureLocationLocationfloatKsnow temperatureBUFR_012131
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iceSurfaceTemperatureLocationLocationfloatKice temperatureBUFR_012132
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waterTemperatureLocationOceanLayerLocation, OceanLayerfloatKwater temperatureBUFR_012082
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waterConservativeTemperatureLocationOceanLayerLocation, OceanLayerfloatKwater conservative temperature
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waterPotentialTemperatureLocationOceanLayerLocation, OceanLayerfloatKwater potential temperature
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waterPressureLocationOceanLayerLocation, OceanLayerfloatPawater pressure
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seaSurfaceTemperatureLocationLocationfloatKsea surface temperatureBUFR_022049
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seaSurfaceSkinTemperatureLocationLocationfloatKsea surface skin temperature
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potentialTemperatureLocationLocationfloatKpotential temperature
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virtualPotentialTemperatureLocationLocationfloatKvirtual potential temperature
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equivalentPotentialTemperatureLocationLocationfloatKequivalent potential temperature
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relativeHumidityLocationLocationfloat1relative humidity
BUFR_013009, with respect to water, ratio not percentage
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relativeHumidityAt2MLocationLocationfloat1relative humidity at 2 meters (AGL)
BUFR_013192, with respect to water, ratio not percentage
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specificHumidityLocationLocationfloatkg kg-1specific humidity
BUFR_013001, kg of water vapor per kg of moist air
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specificHumidityAt2MLocationLocationfloatkg kg-1specific humidity at 2 meters (AGL)BUFR_013002
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waterVaporMixingRatioLocationLocationfloatkg kg-1water vapor mixing ratio
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soilMoistureLocationLocationfloatkg m-3soil moisturekg of water per cubic meter of soil
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soilMoistureVolumetricLocationLocationfloatm3 m-3soil moisture
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soilMoistureNormalizedLocationLocationfloat1soil moisture as a ratio
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leafAreaIndexLocationLocationfloat1leaf area index as a ratio
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windDirectionLocationLocationfloatdegreewind direction
BUFR_011001, standard is wind direction from this angle in which 0 is north, 90 is east, etc. but use 360 for wind from north rather than 0
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windSpeedLocationLocationfloatm s-1wind speedBUFR_011002
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windEastwardLocationLocationfloatm s-1eastward wind componentBUFR_011003
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windNorthwardLocationLocationfloatm s-1northward wind componentBUFR_011004
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windUpwardLocationLocationfloatm s-1upward directed wind componentBUFR_011005
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windDirectionAt10MLocationLocationfloatdegreewind direction at 10 meters (AGL)BUFR_011011
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windSpeedAt10MLocationLocationfloatm s-1wind speed at 10 meters (AGL)BUFR_011012
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windEastwardAt10MLocationLocationfloatm s-1eastward wind component at 10 meters (AGL)
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windNorthwardAt10MLocationLocationfloatm s-1
northward wind component at 10 meters (AGL)
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windUpwardAt10MLocationLocationfloatm s-1
upward directed wind component at 10 meters (AGL)
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verticalGustVelocityLocationLocationfloatm s-1wind gust velocityBUFR_011034
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maximumWindGustSpeedLocationLocationfloatm s-1maximum wind gust speedBUFR_011041
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maximumWindGustDirectionLocationLocationfloatdegreemaximum wind gust direction
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windShearEastwardLocationLocationfloatm s-1eastward component of wind shear vector
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windShearNorthwardLocationLocationfloatm s-1northward compontent of wind shear vector
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altimeterSettingLocationLocationfloatPaaltimeter settingBUFR_010052
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pressureLocationLocationfloatPaair pressureBUFR_007004
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pressureVerticeLocationVerticeLocation, VerticefloatPapressure vertice
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stationPressureLocationLocationfloatPapressure measured at a surface station
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surfacePressureLocationLocationfloatPasurface pressure (see Notes)only to be used by UKMO
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pressureChangeLocationLocationfloatPa s-1change in air pressureBUFR_010060
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pressureReducedToMeanSeaLevelLocationLocationfloatPapressure reduced to mean sea levelBUFR_010052
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standardPressureLocationLocationfloatPastandard pressure
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horizontalVisibilityLocationLocationfloatmvisibility in horizontal directionBUFR_020001
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verticalVisibilityLocationLocationfloatmvisibility in vertical directionBUFR_020002
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visibilityWaterLocationLocationfloatmvisibility in water
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presentWeatherLocationLocationEnumerationpresent weatherBUFR_020003
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pastWeather1LocationLocationEnumerationpast weatherBUFR_020004
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pastWeather2LocationLocationEnumerationpast weatherBUFR_020005
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cloudDistributionForAviationLocationLocationEnumerationcloud distribution
BUFR_020008, such as clear, few, scattered, broken, overcast
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cloudCoverTotalLocationLocationfloat1total cloud coverage
BUFR_020010, 2D total cloud coverage, max-in-column; use cloudAmount for vertical layers
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cloudAmountLocationLayerLocation, Layerfloat1amount of cloud coverage in layerBUFR_020011
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cloudAmountOfLowestLayerLocationLocationfloat1amount of cloud coverage in lowest layer
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cloudTypeLocationLocationEnumerationcloud typeBUFR_020012
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heightOfBaseOfCloudLocationLocationfloatmcloud base altitude
BUFR_020013, currently METARs report height AGL