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Understanding types and signs of abuseTypes of abuse:physical, sexual, emotional, psychological,neglect,financial,institutional, sexual physical, and neglect, bullying, discrimination, exploitation/mate crimeSigns of these types of abuse: unexplained injuries: burns,fractures,breaks, bruising,cuts scars malnourishment, changes behaviour: mood swings social withdrawal,fear, suicidal thoughts, low self esteem,self-harm,inappropriate or sexualised behaviour, unexplained loss of money or possessions,fear of certain people or situations
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Section 2 understanding factors which may lead to abusive situations. 2.12.22.3
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Understanding young people and children most at risk from abuse due to learning disability, dementia, lack of mental capacity, difficulties with communication, comatose, sensory impairment, physical disabilities,looked after childrenEnvironmental factors that may make abuse more likely : care services with institutional practices, adults and children residing in health and social care settings, health services GP services,physiotherapy practices, independent living facilities, homelessness. Other factors that may make abuse more likely: situations where people are dependent on others eg an older person with dementia who depends on others for personal care,management of money etc. Relationships where there is an imbalance of power, social isolation eg living independently, possibly with no care or support, situations where there is an invasion of privacy,staffing issues eg lack of staff training
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Section 3 understanding legislation, regulatory requirements, and guidance which govern the safeguarding of adults,young people and childrenCurrent applicable legislation: Human rights ACt 1988, Health and social care Act 2008/2014 (CQC)Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups acT 2006, Disclosure and Barring Scheme 'No Secrets' Department of Health 2000Mental Capacity Act 2005 and Deprivation of Liberty safeguardsEquality Act 2010, Public Disclosure Act 1998 (whistleblowing), Rehabilitation of Offenders Act, Children Act 2004 Every Child Matters, Working together to safeguard children 2006
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4.14.2
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Section 4 Understand how to deal with suspected abuse and disclosures of abusePeople who might suspect or be told about abuse : peers,family,siblings,teachers,social workers,other professionals doctors/nurses, other members of the public eg neighbours4.2 How to deal with disclosures of abuse and suspected abuse : duty to report, report appropriately eg to line manager NSPCC, police, reporting procedures eg recording information accurately, organisational procedures, support and comfort, do not judge, maintain confidentiality, protect self.
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5.15.2
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Section 5 Understand working strategies and procedures for the safeguarding and protection of adults, young people and childrenThe policies and procedures that health and social care setting should have in place to safeguard vulnerable adults from abuse i.e. staff training, recruitment procedures, DBS, multi agency approaches, risk assessments, accessible complaints procedures, designated protection officer. The policies and procedures that health and social care/childcare environments should have in place to safeguard children from abuse. safeguarding policy,confidentiality policy,risk assessment staff recruitment and training, DBS, DCPO
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Section 6 Understand how workers within health, social care and child care environments can minimise the risk of abuse. Minimising the risk of abuse: person centred planning, duty of care,effective record keeping,following policies and procedures,building a trusting relationship, effective communication channels, continuing professional development. Developing the confidence and resilience of individuals who receive care and support: supporting positive risk-taking, promoting active participation, promoting choice, teaching personal safety.
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