Arc-PrinceOfWales.Kinnard.2011

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U
1	Base Metadata			Publication Metadata			Geographic metadata
2	LiPDVersion	1.2		pub1_DOI	10.1038/nature10581		geo_elevation	2030
3	archiveType	glacier ice		pub1_abstract	Arctic sea ice extent is now more than two million square kilometres less than it was in the late twentieth century, with important consequences for the climate, the ocean and traditional lifestyles in the Arctic1, 2. Although observations show a more or less continuous decline for the past four or five decades3, 4, there are few long-term records with which to assess natural sea ice variability. Until now, the question of whether or not current trends are potentially anomalous5 has therefore remained unanswerable. Here we use a network of high-resolution terrestrial proxies from the circum-Arctic region to reconstruct past extents of summer sea ice, and show that?although extensive uncertainties remain, especially before the sixteenth century?both the duration and magnitude of the current decline in sea ice seem to be unprecedented for the past 1,450 years. Enhanced advection of warm Atlantic water to the Arctic6 seems to be the main factor driving the decline of sea ice extent on multidecadal timescales, and may result from nonlinear feedbacks between sea ice and the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. These results reinforce the assertion that sea ice is an active component of Arctic climate variability and that the recent decrease in summer Arctic sea ice is consistent with anthropogenically forced warming.		geo_latitude	78.4
4	data	Lonnie Thompson and Christophe Kinnard		pub1_author	Kinnard, Christophe and Zdanowicz, Christian M. and Fisher, David A. and Isaksson, Elisabeth and de Vernal, Anne and Thompson, Lonnie G.		geo_longitude	-80.4
5	dataSetName	Arc-PrinceOfWales.Kinnard.2011		pub1_citeKey	kinnard2011reconstructedchangesinarc		geo_pages2kRegion	Arc
6	googleDataURL	https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1eEy5sRuolccq7Zlu8IsX81b-TBSmBUSXZAX-r8Xd7WI		pub1_dataUrl	doi.org		geo_region	Arctic
7	googleMetadataWorksheet	ovr3k13		pub1_journal	Nature		geo_siteName	Prince-of-Wales, Ellesmere Isl.
8	googleSpreadSheetKey	1eEy5sRuolccq7Zlu8IsX81b-TBSmBUSXZAX-r8Xd7WI		pub1_pages	509-512
9	investigators	Kinnard, Christophe; Zdanowicz, Christian M. ; Fisher,David A. ; Isaksson, Elisabeth ;de Vernal, Elisabeth ;Thompson, Lonnie G.		pub1_pubYear	2011
10	maxYear	1995		pub1_publisher	Nature Publishing Group
11	metadataMD5	be15e22ddb73bd2b7cb5c5730da73152		pub1_title	Reconstructed changes in Arctic sea ice over the past 1,450 years
12	minYear	151		pub1_type	article
13	notes	Original d18O record was interpolated to 1yr sampling interval using the constructed ice core chronology		pub1_volume	479
14	originalDataURL	this study
15	tagMD5	0a640d3517095485c6f9513cde4aa5f4
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17	paleoData column metadata
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19	Arc_151	d18O		permil	DVD	T.air-surface.positive	N/A	; paleoData_units changed - was originally permill	Arc_075	Data	4c1faf933fc8870836c2c93c23a5be53	measurementTable1	1	1	d18O	N/A	TRUE	positive	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12	T	air@condensationLevel
20	LPD17b939a5	year	Year AD	AD						Data	4c1faf933fc8870836c2c93c23a5be53	measurementTable1	1	1
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