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1 | # | Author | Perspective | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2 | 1 | Vitalik Buterin | Ethereum faces a scaling trilemma that continues to challenge our development roadmap. We've made progress with Layer 2 solutions, but the base layer congestion remains a fundamental limitation that we must address while maintaining security and decentralization. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | 2 | Vitalik Buterin | The transition to proof-of-stake was successful, but we underestimated the time needed for subsequent scaling improvements. Our roadmap execution has been slower than the market expected, creating a gap between promises and delivery. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | 3 | Vitalik Buterin | Liquid staking derivatives have grown faster than anticipated, creating potential centralization risks we hadn't fully modeled. The concentration of staked ETH in a few protocols requires careful monitoring. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | 4 | Vitalik Buterin | Our communication strategy has failed to effectively explain complex protocol changes to the broader community. The gap between technical implementation and public understanding continues to widen. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | 5 | Kadan Stadelmann | Despite changes to Ethereum's architecture, including the transition from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake, scaling issues remain unresolved, leading to a crisis of confidence among crypto investors. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
7 | 6 | Kadan Stadelmann | The Layer 2 ecosystem, while innovative, has created fragmentation issues that confuse users and splinter liquidity across multiple solutions. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
8 | 7 | Kadan Stadelmann | Ethereum's governance model lacks the agility needed to respond to market challenges and competitor innovations. Decision-making processes are too slow and opaque. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
9 | 8 | Vivien Lin | Compared to Bitcoin's 90% surge this year, Ethereum's performance feels underwhelming, leading many holders to question when it will reach new all-time highs. The stagnation reflects deeper systemic issues beyond market cycles. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
10 | 9 | Vivien Lin | Whale address behaviors have become increasingly concerning, with significant sell-offs contributing to downward pressure on ETH prices. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
11 | 10 | Vivien Lin | Institutional interest has shifted toward other assets, evidenced by ETF outflows reaching a 30-day peak of $94.27 million last week - the third largest of 2025. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
12 | 11 | Kevin Rusher | The Ethereum Foundation overlooked DeFi, which drives most of ETH's value. Their late acknowledgment of this critical ecosystem has left a bad taste in many builders' mouths. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
13 | 12 | Kevin Rusher | For whatever reason, the ETH Foundation has been dumping tokens to cover foundation expenses when they could have used DeFi protocols like AAVE. This demonstrates a fundamental disconnect between their actions and the ecosystem they claim to support. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
14 | 13 | Kevin Rusher | While the Foundation's move to support DeFi was successful, the lateness of this action has damaged relationships with key ecosystem builders who felt ignored during critical growth phases. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
15 | 14 | Sandeep Nailwal | Layer-2 proliferation has fragmented liquidity and user experience. While solving scalability, it created a complex ecosystem that confuses users and dilutes Ethereum's network effects. We need better cross-layer interoperability standards. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
16 | 15 | Sandeep Nailwal | The bridging infrastructure between Layer 2 solutions and the mainnet represents a significant security vulnerability that hasn't been adequately addressed by the core development community. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
17 | 16 | Sandeep Nailwal | Emerging markets adoption has stalled due to persistent high fees during peak usage periods. The promise of accessibility remains unfulfilled for users in developing economies. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
18 | 17 | Andreas Antonopoulos | Ethereum remains committed to ideological purity at the expense of market realities. While admirable, this stance risks relegating it to a beautiful technical experiment rather than a globally adopted platform. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
19 | 18 | Andreas Antonopoulos | The concept of "minimum viable issuance" has created unnecessary monetary policy uncertainty. A clearer, more stable approach would better serve the ecosystem's growth. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
20 | 19 | Andreas Antonopoulos | The validator hardware requirements continue to increase, creating an accessibility barrier that undermines decentralization claims and concentrates participation among institutional actors. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
21 | 20 | Laura Shin | The governance model is stuck between decentralization ideals and practical leadership needs. This paradox has created decision paralysis on critical upgrade paths and community initiatives. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
22 | 21 | Laura Shin | Developer exodus to competing L1s and L2s has accelerated in 2025, with talent following funding and innovation opportunities outside the core Ethereum ecosystem. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
23 | 22 | Laura Shin | The narrative confusion between "global settlement layer" versus "world computer" creates marketing challenges. Ethereum lacks a consistent, accessible value proposition for mainstream audiences. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
24 | 23 | Crispus Nyaga | The ETH/BTC pair has crashed for five consecutive months, the longest losing streak since 2018. Technical indicators show bears remain in control, with the Average Directional Index jumping to 28, signaling the bearish trend is gaining momentum. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
25 | 24 | Crispus Nyaga | The ETH/BTC pair is forming an inverted cup and handle pattern, a popular continuation pattern that typically leads to more downside over time. It's approaching the lower edge, suggesting a bearish breakdown may happen soon. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
26 | 25 | Crispus Nyaga | A breakdown below the lower edge of the cup at 0.01644 could trigger a significant decline, potentially as deep as the 80% drop measured from the cup's formation. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
27 | 26 | Ryan Sean Adams | Our community prides itself on decentralization yet criticizes the Foundation for not directing development more assertively. This contradiction reflects our struggle to define effective governance in a decentralized ecosystem. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
28 | 27 | Ryan Sean Adams | Ethereum's fee market redesign post-EIP-1559 hasn't achieved all intended objectives. The fee predictability remains insufficient for many enterprise and consumer applications. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
29 | 28 | Ryan Sean Adams | The ultrasound money narrative has been undermined by market performance. Despite the supply reduction mechanisms, we haven't seen the expected price appreciation relative to other crypto assets. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
30 | 29 | Justin Drake | Execution layer activity has dropped significantly post-Dencun upgrade. While this reflects lower fees, which is positive, it raises sustainability questions about the economic security model in a low-fee environment. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
31 | 30 | Justin Drake | The concentration of MEV extraction among a small group of builders introduces centralization vectors not adequately addressed by current protocol design. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
32 | 31 | Justin Drake | Our scaling roadmap requires too many distinct technical achievements to reach completion. The interdependencies create single points of failure that could delay the entire vision. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
33 | 32 | Tim Beiko | The technical roadmap complexity hinders clear communication. Advanced features like proto-danksharding and verkle trees solve critical problems but are difficult to explain to users and stakeholders. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
34 | 33 | Tim Beiko | Coordinating upgrades across an increasingly diverse client ecosystem has become more challenging. The time between specification and implementation continues to grow. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
35 | 34 | Tim Beiko | The EIP process has become a bottleneck for innovation. We need to streamline governance processes without sacrificing quality or security considerations. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
36 | 35 | Joseph Lubin | Enterprise adoption has stalled compared to 2021 projections. The Ethereum ecosystem still lacks the tooling, security features, and regulatory clarity that large organizations require for significant investment. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
37 | 36 | Joseph Lubin | The tokenomics of many ecosystem projects have proven unsustainable. We need more sophisticated economic design that balances growth incentives with long-term value accrual. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
38 | 37 | Joseph Lubin | The Ethereum Foundation's relationship with the broader ecosystem needs reimagining. As the network matures, the role of centralized entities in a decentralized system becomes increasingly contentious. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
39 | 38 | Eric Wall | The memecoin exodus to Solana demonstrates that market behavior prioritizes transaction costs and speed over security and decentralization. This reality check challenges Ethereum's value proposition. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
40 | 39 | Eric Wall | The "secure enough" argument for alternative L1s has gained traction. Most users don't require Ethereum's level of security for their typical transactions, creating a market for cheaper alternatives. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
41 | 40 | Eric Wall | Ethereum's leadership has failed to respond effectively to competitive threats. The dismissive attitude toward alternative approaches has allowed competitors to gain significant market share. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
42 | 41 | Hayden Adams | DeFi protocols on Ethereum have seen diminishing TVL as capital flows to alternative L1s and centralized yield products. We're failing to communicate our composability and security advantages effectively. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
43 | 42 | Hayden Adams | The innovator's dilemma affects Ethereum-based DeFi. Our established protocols face disruption from newer, more capital-efficient designs on faster chains. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
44 | 43 | Hayden Adams | The regulatory uncertainty has disproportionately impacted Ethereum DeFi. The higher visibility of our ecosystem attracts more regulatory scrutiny than newer competitors. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
45 | 44 | Lex Sokolin | Ethereum's legal classification uncertainty deters institutional participation. While the SEC focuses on tokens as securities, the ecosystem lacks coordinated regulatory engagement strategies. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
46 | 45 | Lex Sokolin | The compliance tooling for Ethereum remains insufficient for institutional requirements. The gap between on-chain transparency and traditional risk management frameworks limits adoption. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
47 | 46 | Lex Sokolin | Ethereum's international regulatory approach lacks coherence. Different regional strategies create market fragmentation and inconsistent user experiences across jurisdictions. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
48 | 47 | Anthony Sassano | The narrative around Ethereum has fragmented. We've moved from "world computer" to "settlement layer" to "ultrasound money" without consistent messaging. This dilutes our value proposition in public discourse. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
49 | 48 | Anthony Sassano | The Ethereum community has become too insular and dismissive of criticism. This defensive posture prevents us from addressing legitimate concerns raised by users and developers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
50 | 49 | Anthony Sassano | ETH price performance relative to ecosystem growth has disappointed many stakeholders. The value accrual mechanisms haven't translated to expected returns for long-term holders. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
51 | 50 | Hudson Jameson | Core developer retention has become increasingly challenging. The economic incentives favor working on L2s, sidechains, or competitive L1s rather than Ethereum base layer improvements. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
52 | 51 | Hudson Jameson | The funding model for public goods development is unsustainable. Reliance on foundation grants and protocol treasuries creates centralization risks and potential conflicts of interest. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
53 | 52 | Hudson Jameson | Community governance participation has declined despite improved tooling. The increasing technical complexity of proposals creates barriers to meaningful contribution from non-technical stakeholders. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
54 | 53 | Péter Szilágyi | The protocol complexity has reached a point where very few developers fully understand the entire system. This concentration of knowledge creates bottlenecks in development and security auditing. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
55 | 54 | Péter Szilágyi | Client diversity remains an ongoing concern despite years of effort. The dominance of Geth introduces systemic risks that haven't been adequately mitigated. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
56 | 55 | Péter Szilágyi | State growth continues to outpace pruning and optimization efforts. The long-term sustainability of full nodes faces fundamental challenges not addressed by current scaling approaches. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
57 | 56 | Christoph Jentzsch | DAO governance on Ethereum has failed to evolve beyond token voting. Despite years of experimentation, we haven't solved the fundamental problems of voter apathy and plutocratic control. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
58 | 57 | Christoph Jentzsch | The cost of coordination for decentralized organizations remains prohibitively high. On-chain governance processes consume excessive resources compared to their centralized alternatives. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
59 | 58 | Christoph Jentzsch | Legal frameworks for DAOs remain underdeveloped in most jurisdictions. The regulatory uncertainty creates operational challenges for organizations seeking to operate fully on-chain. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
60 | 59 | Danny Ryan | Staking centralization threatens our security model. The concentration of stake among a few providers and the proliferation of liquid staking derivatives create potential vulnerabilities not fully addressed by the protocol. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
61 | 60 | Danny Ryan | The validator economics don't sufficiently incentivize geographic and infrastructure diversity. The homogenization of the validator set introduces correlated failure risks. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
62 | 61 | Danny Ryan | Single slot finality and other consensus improvements face significant implementation challenges. The trade-offs between security, decentralization, and performance become increasingly difficult to balance. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
63 | 62 | Nic Carter | Ethereum supporters often dismiss legitimate criticisms as FUD rather than engaging with the substance. This defensiveness inhibits necessary adaptations and improvements. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
64 | 63 | Nic Carter | The environmental narrative shift post-Merge was overplayed. The energy efficiency gains, while significant, haven't translated to the expected reputational or adoption benefits. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
65 | 64 | Nic Carter | Ethereum's monetary policy lacks the credibility and simplicity of Bitcoin's approach. The continued adjustments and complex issuance model create unnecessary uncertainty. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
66 | 65 | Camila Russo | The developer experience remains too complex compared to newer chains. Despite improvements, building on Ethereum requires navigating fragmented documentation and tooling. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
67 | 66 | Camila Russo | Media coverage of Ethereum disproportionately focuses on price action rather than technological achievements. This creates misaligned incentives and skewed public perception. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
68 | 67 | Camila Russo | The ecosystem storytelling has failed to reach mainstream audiences effectively. The technical complexity overshadows the revolutionary potential of the platform. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
69 | 68 | Linda Xie | Female and diverse voices remain underrepresented in core Ethereum development and governance. This homogeneity limits our perspective and innovation potential. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
70 | 69 | Linda Xie | The funding landscape favors established teams over new entrants. This creates barriers to diversity and fresh approaches within the ecosystem. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
71 | 70 | Linda Xie | Educational resources haven't scaled to meet global demand. The knowledge gap between experts and new participants continues to widen, limiting accessibility. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
72 | 71 | Kain Warwick | Derivatives, synthetic assets, and specialized DeFi capabilities have stagnated due to excessive focus on scaling. These advanced financial primitives are essential for institutional adoption. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
73 | 72 | Kain Warwick | Cross-chain composability challenges limit innovation potential. The friction between Ethereum and its L2 ecosystem restricts the development of sophisticated financial applications. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
74 | 73 | Kain Warwick | The regulatory uncertainty specifically around DeFi has disproportionately impacted Ethereum-based protocols. This has created competitive disadvantages compared to more agile or regulation-friendly alternatives. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
75 | 74 | Mariano Conti | Latin American and Global South adoption has stalled due to high fees and complex user experiences. We're failing regions that need our technology most. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
76 | 75 | Mariano Conti | Stablecoin innovation has moved beyond Ethereum to faster chains. The basic payment use case that drives emerging market adoption now favors alternative networks. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
77 | 76 | Mariano Conti | Local developer communities lack sufficient support from the broader ecosystem. The concentration of resources in North American and European hubs limits global innovation. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
78 | 77 | Pavel Durov | Ethereum's approach to scaling has become overly complex compared to alternative L1 designs. The multiple layers of abstraction create unnecessary friction for developers and users. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
79 | 78 | Pavel Durov | Transaction finality expectations have shifted. Users now expect near-instant confirmation, making Ethereum's block time feel outdated compared to newer networks. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
80 | 79 | Pavel Durov | The validator hardware requirements have reached levels that exclude individual participation in many regions. This undermines the decentralization narrative central to Ethereum's value proposition. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
81 | 80 | Pavel Durov | The gap between theoretical capacity and practical throughput continues to widen. Real-world performance under network load falls significantly short of the technical specifications, creating reliability concerns for applications. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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