Twisted Wire

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z
1																				R(t) = R(0)(1 + at + bt^2+ dt^4+ f*t^6)
2			Table 1, Kanthal and Nickel 200 round wire data from http://www.steam-engine.org/																R(t)	R(0) is the resistance at reference temperature, that is 0°C Note 1
3	Data columns			AWG	Wire Dia	Ω/" K	Ω/" Ni	30	Choose a Nickel gauge						R(t)		R(t)	30g Ni	30g Ni	R(0) at 0°C		a	b	d	f
4	22g K	22g Ni		22	0.02535	0.1131	0.0075		30				Deg F	30g Ni	30g Ni	30g Ni	30g Ni	32g K	30g Ni	0.1698707056		5.49E-03	6.65E-06	2.81E-11	2.00E-17
5	23g K	23g Ni		23	0.02257	0.1427	0.0094	26	Choose a Kanthal gauge					Single Ω	Single Ω	Twisted Ω	Twisted Ω	Total Ω	Total Ω		T in °C	a*t	b*t^2	d*t^4	f*t^6
6	24g K	24g Ni		24	0.02010	0.1799	0.0119		26				200	0.2511	0.2670	0.2681	0.2852	0.2542	0.2695		93.3	5.12E-01	5.79E-02	2.13E-03	1.32E-05
7	25g K	25g Ni		25	0.01790	0.2268	0.0150		Enter approx wire length (in inches)				210	0.2572	0.2735	0.2746	0.2921	0.2601	0.2757		98.9	5.42E-01	6.50E-02	2.68E-03	1.87E-05
8	26g K	26g Ni		26	0.01594	0.2860	0.0189		4				220	0.2633	0.2801	0.2812	0.2991	0.2659	0.2819		104.4	5.73E-01	7.25E-02	3.34E-03	2.60E-05
9	27g K	27g Ni		27	0.01420	0.3607	0.0239		Enter twist/gauge factor from Table 2				230	0.2694	0.2867	0.2877	0.3062	0.2718	0.2882		110.0	6.03E-01	8.05E-02	4.11E-03	3.54E-05
10	28g K	28g Ni		28	0.01264	0.4548	0.0301		1.067872				240	0.2755	0.2935	0.2942	0.3134	0.2776	0.2946		115.6	6.34E-01	8.88E-02	5.00E-03	4.76E-05
11	29g K	29g Ni		29	0.01126	0.5735	0.0380						250	0.2816	0.3003	0.3007	0.3207	0.2834	0.3010		121.1	6.64E-01	9.75E-02	6.03E-03	6.31E-05
12	30g K	30g Ni		30	0.01003	0.7232	0.0479		32g K	32g K			260	0.2877	0.3073	0.3073	0.3281	0.2892	0.3076		126.7	6.95E-01	1.07E-01	7.22E-03	8.26E-05
13	31g K	31g Ni		31	0.00893	0.9119	0.0604		Wire Ω	Twist Ω			270	0.2938	0.3143	0.3138	0.3356	0.2949	0.3142		132.2	7.25E-01	1.16E-01	8.57E-03	1.07E-04
14	32g K	32g Ni		32	0.00795	1.1499	0.0761		4.5996	4.912			280	0.3000	0.3214	0.3203	0.3432	0.3007	0.3208		137.8	7.56E-01	1.26E-01	1.01E-02	1.37E-04
15	33g K	33g Ni		33	0.00708	1.4501	0.0960		Kanthal resistance stays fairly steady 200-400 °F				290	0.3061	0.3287	0.3268	0.3510	0.3064	0.3276		143.3	7.86E-01	1.37E-01	1.18E-02	1.73E-04
16	34g K	34g Ni		34	0.00630	1.8285	0.1211						300	0.3122	0.3360	0.3334	0.3588	0.3122	0.3344		148.9	8.17E-01	1.47E-01	1.38E-02	2.18E-04
17													310	0.3183	0.3435	0.3399	0.3668	0.3179	0.3413		154.4	8.47E-01	1.59E-01	1.60E-02	2.71E-04
18	11	9	Table 2, Formula from http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/53155.html										320	0.3244	0.3510	0.3464	0.3749	0.3236	0.3483		160.0	8.78E-01	1.70E-01	1.84E-02	3.36E-04
19				Turns/"	28 AWG	30 AWG	32 AWG						330	0.3305	0.3587	0.3529	0.3831	0.3293	0.3554		165.6	9.08E-01	1.82E-01	2.11E-02	4.12E-04
20				10	1.075958	1.048470	1.030717						340	0.3366	0.3665	0.3595	0.3914	0.3350	0.3625		171.1	9.39E-01	1.95E-01	2.40E-02	5.02E-04
21				12	1.107731	1.069101	1.043947						350	0.3427	0.3745	0.3660	0.3999	0.3406	0.3698		176.7	9.69E-01	2.08E-01	2.73E-02	6.08E-04
22				15	1.163956	1.106074	1.067872						360	0.3488	0.3825	0.3725	0.4085	0.3463	0.3771		182.2	9.99E-01	2.21E-01	3.09E-02	7.32E-04
23				20	1.277006	1.182014	1.117816						370	0.3550	0.3907	0.3790	0.4173	0.3519	0.3846		187.8	1.03E+00	2.34E-01	3.49E-02	8.77E-04
24				24	1.381403	1.253756	1.165890						380	0.3611	0.3991	0.3856	0.4262	0.3575	0.3921		193.3	1.06E+00	2.49E-01	3.92E-02	1.04E-03
25			Multiply straight wire resistance for twisted resistance										390	0.3672	0.4075	0.3921	0.4352	0.3631	0.3998		198.9	1.09E+00	2.63E-01	4.39E-02	1.24E-03
26			Resistance is directly proportional to wire length										400	0.3733	0.4161	0.3986	0.4444	0.3687	0.4075		204.4	1.12E+00	2.78E-01	4.90E-02	1.46E-03
27													400	0.3733	0.4161	0.3986	0.4444	0.3687	0.4075		204.4	1.12E+00	2.78E-01	4.90E-02	1.46E-03
28			Table 5, Data from http://www.specialmetals.com/documents/Nickel%20200%20&%20201.pdf										410	0.3817	0.4249	0.4076	0.4538	0.3764	0.4154		210.0	1.15E+00	2.93E-01	5.46E-02	1.72E-03
29				Deg F	Ω cmf								420	0.3901	0.4338	0.4166	0.4633	0.3840	0.4233		215.6	1.18E+00	3.09E-01	6.06E-02	2.01E-03
30	0.8275862069			0	48								430	0.3986	0.4429	0.4256	0.4730	0.3917	0.4314		221.1	1.21E+00	3.25E-01	6.70E-02	2.34E-03
31	1			70	58								440	0.4070	0.4521	0.4346	0.4828	0.3993	0.4396		226.7	1.24E+00	3.42E-01	7.40E-02	2.71E-03
32	1.310344828			200	76								450	0.4154	0.4615	0.4436	0.4929	0.4069	0.4479		232.2	1.27E+00	3.59E-01	8.16E-02	3.14E-03
33	1.948275862			400	113								460	0.4238	0.4711	0.4526	0.5031	0.4144	0.4564		237.8	1.30E+00	3.76E-01	8.97E-02	3.61E-03
34	2.827586207			600	164								470	0.4323	0.4809	0.4616	0.5135	0.4219	0.4649		243.3	1.33E+00	3.94E-01	9.83E-02	4.15E-03
35	3.517241379			800	204								480	0.4407	0.4908	0.4706	0.5242	0.4294	0.4736		248.9	1.37E+00	4.12E-01	1.08E-01	4.75E-03
36			Gives the resistance of Nickel 200 for various temperatures										490	0.4491	0.5010	0.4796	0.5350	0.4369	0.4824		254.4	1.40E+00	4.31E-01	1.18E-01	5.43E-03
37			Use the ratio of wire at room temp (70 F) to desired temp (interpolate between cardinal points)										500	0.4575	0.5113	0.4886	0.5460	0.4444	0.4914		260.0	1.43E+00	4.50E-01	1.28E-01	6.18E-03
38													510	0.4660	0.5218	0.4976	0.5573	0.4518	0.5005		265.6	1.46E+00	4.69E-01	1.39E-01	7.01E-03
39			For more than a 2 wire twist, combine the like wires in the table below to come up with 2 equivalent										520	0.4744	0.5326	0.5066	0.5687	0.4592	0.5097		271.1	1.49E+00	4.89E-01	1.52E-01	7.94E-03
40			final wires to enter into the spreadsheet above. For example: suppose you were twisting										530	0.4828	0.5436	0.5156	0.5805	0.4666	0.5191		276.7	1.52E+00	5.09E-01	1.64E-01	8.97E-03
41			2 wires of 32g nickel and 3 wires of 30g Kanthon										540	0.4912	0.5547	0.5246	0.5924	0.4739	0.5286		282.2	1.55E+00	5.30E-01	1.78E-01	1.01E-02
42													550	0.4996	0.5662	0.5336	0.6046	0.4813	0.5383		287.8	1.58E+00	5.51E-01	1.92E-01	1.14E-02
43			2 wires of 32g nickel equals							Number of wires			560	0.5081	0.5778	0.5426	0.6170	0.4886	0.5482		293.3	1.61E+00	5.72E-01	2.08E-01	1.27E-02
44			a 29g wire						2	3	4	5	570	0.5165	0.5897	0.5515	0.6297	0.4959	0.5582		298.9	1.64E+00	5.94E-01	2.24E-01	1.43E-02
45								34	31	29	28	27	580	0.5249	0.6019	0.5605	0.6427	0.5031	0.5684		304.4	1.67E+00	6.16E-01	2.41E-01	1.59E-02
46			3 wires of 30g kanthan equals				Gauge	33	30	28	27	26	590	0.5333	0.6143	0.5695	0.6560	0.5104	0.5787		310.0	1.70E+00	6.39E-01	2.59E-01	1.78E-02
47			a 25g wire				of	32	29	27	26	25	600	0.5418	0.6270	0.5785	0.6695	0.5176	0.5892		315.6	1.73E+00	6.62E-01	2.78E-01	1.97E-02
48							Wire	31	28	26	25	24
49			You can then put a 29g nickel					30	27	25	24	23		1 To use the resistance from Table 1, which is at room temperature, need to scale it to 0°C. Using values from a nickel RTD table
50			wire and a 25g kanthal wire					29	26	24	23	22		, from http://www.thermometricscorp.com/PDFs/120_ohm_nickel_rtd-0.00672_in_F.PDF Assuming room temp is 70°F
51			in the dropdown boxes above.					28	25	23	22			, 120 ohms (32°F, 0°C) divided by 135.35 ohms (70°F), provides a ratio to correct the Steam-Engine.org values to 0°C.
52														Then we can use the formula R(t) = R(0)(1 + at + bt^2+ dt^4+ f*t^6)
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68													Choose nickel and kanthal gauges, enter approx wire length and twist/gauge factor.
69
70													Select the temp you want to control at
71													Look up Ni / K Total Ω value and match it to the nearest value in the Ni Twisted Ω column
72													That value of Ni Twisted Ω corresponds to the temp you set the DNA 40.