Indigenous Peoples Subject Headings Crosswalk

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1	Created for the Phillips Library at the Peabody Essex Museum by Kim Ross, Mellon Library Fellow 2020-2021. Updates detailed in the Change log below.
2	Introduction
3	The Indigenous Peoples Subject Headings (IPSH) Project is one component of an ongoing decentering initiative at the Phillips Library to remediate colonialism in library practice and resource description. It is a controlled, local vocabulary whereby Phillips Library archivists and librarians can review and revise descriptive policies to include language that is both equitable and consistent with how the subjects of our Indigenous collections name themselves, their languages, places, and worldviews. It is a searchable document (“crosswalk”) that maps problematic Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) to their Phillips Library preferred-term equivalents. As preferred-terms can be expected to change, the IPSH should be reviewed and revised on a regular basis by and with members of the communities described. To ensure the respectful representation of Indigenous perspectives and Cultural Protocols, revisions and updates to the IPSH must reflect the perspectives and guidance of the consulted community members.
4	- Incorporates Indigenous perspectives and preferred-terms into the catalog - Designed to be used with Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) - Only addresses LCSH that the Phillips Library has identified as requiring revision - Provides structure, best practices, and standards for the description of our Indigenous subject materials - Modifies and remediates inaccurate, offensive, and outdated LCSH - Can be searched by LCSH, LCCN, or local vocabulary (see Crosswalk) - Only addresses LCSH that the Phillips Library has identified as requiring revision
5	Harmful Language Statement and Feedback
6	The Phillips Library is correcting the use of harmful, racist, and derogatory language in our catalog and finding aids. Through ongoing dialogue with communities, scholars, and others, we are actively working to respectfully describe, center, and amplify diverse voices and experiences within our collection. This includes revising policies, implementing new practices, and updating subject headings. We invite you to view our subject headings work here and encourage you to contact us via our feedback form if you encounter harmful or inaccurate language while exploring our collections.
7	Feedback form: https://pem.org/librarylanguage
8	Table of contents
9	1. Crosswalk	LCSH added, changed, or deleted from QWX database
10	2. Backstage	Version of crosswalk for database updates. Required fields: LCCN, LCSH, QWX, 4xx, 5xx.
11	3. Local Authority Queue	Worksheet to track authority creation process of approved headings.
12	Updates
13	The IPSH list will be reviewed on a regular basis with updates incorporated as needed. Authority records will be updated to reflect changes to the IPSH List within 6 months of any added change. The dates of changes made to the crosswalk will be recorded in the change log.
14	Broad changes
15	The word “Indians” has been removed from individual group names.			Ex: Cree Indians >>> Cree
16	Some group names have been changed to their endonym, followed by their exonym, in brackets.			Ex: Anishinaabe (Ojibwe)
17	For "Indians of x" – "x" has been converted to geographic subdivision.			Ex: Indigenous peoples--North America
18	For headings with direct geographic subdivisions, follow LC protocol for topics that can be subdivided geographically and omit indirect geographic subdivisions.			Ex: Indigenous peoples--Agriculture--Guatemala. NOT Indigenous peoples--Central America--Agriculture--Guatemala.
19	Headings with “mythology” and the broad term “Indian mythology" have been removed. Instead use "Religion."			Ex: Nuxalk mythology >>> Nuxalk--Religion
20	Add the following local 590 note with second indicator 1 to records with non-European subjects.
21	590 \| 1 \| x \|	Library of Congress Subject Headings do not necessarily reflect the values or beliefs of the Phillips Library at the Peabody Essex Museum and may have been supplemented or replaced. The Phillips Library is committed to the amplification of diverse perspectives and is actively working to enhance access by addressing bias in resource description.
22	Add preferred terms for peoples, languages, and places to improve access.
23	Review all fields with librarian-created content, to ensure language aligns with Phillips' decentering objectives. Revise to include appropriate IPSH an/or notes, as needed.			Ex: 520 Summary, etc.
24	***Crosswalk is not exhaustive. You will encounter topics that are not covered. Use your judgement. Add missing terms to the Crosswalk feedback workspace (Monday.com).
25	Change log	(Add rows as needed)
26	2/25/21	Initial draft for sample update.	Kim Ross
27	4/21/21	Revised list. Test for catalog update.	Kim Ross
28	6/30/21	Removed region from "Indigenous peoples" headings with direct georgraphic subdivisions \|\| Changed: Odawa (Ottawa); "Off-reservation boarding schools" changed to "Native American boarding schools"	Kim Ross
29	2/2/2022	Revised Harmful Language Statement and implemented short pem.org URL for the feedback form.	Dan Lipcan
30	10/17/22	Several terms updated	Dana Gee
31	11/1/22	Removed "Public" version of the crosswalk, essentially a duplicate.	Dan Lipcan
32	1/17/24	Updated license to CC BY 4.0; added preferred citation; added Library of Congress project page to bibliography.	Dan Lipcan
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35	Contacts
36	Feedback form	https://pem.org/librarylanguage
37	Dan Lipcan	Ann C. Pingree Director of the Phillips Library	dan_lipcan@pem.org
38	Dana Gee	Technical Services Librarian, Phillips Library	dana_gee@pem.org
39	Kim Ross	Project Lead, Mellon Library Fellow 2020-2021
40	Licensing and attribution
41	The Indigenous Subject Headings Project term list and authority records are meant to be shared with interested individuals and institutions under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
42	Preferred citation: Phillips Library, Peabody Essex Museum. Indigenous Peoples Subject Headings Crosswalk. Accessed [date of access]. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1_zKVG07k8QZSeiLkAwmEJh9vGuBGblk_uCpt5LXMgpc/edit?usp=sharing
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44	Bibliography - Projects, websites, and resources consulted for this project
45	Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. “Collection.” Accessed 10 June 2020. https://aiatsis.gov.au/collection
46	Bone, Christine, Lougheed, Brett; Callison, Camille; La France, Janet; Reilly, Terry. "Changes to Library of Congress Subject Headings Related to Indigenous Peoples: for use in the AMA MAIN Database." University of Manitoba Libraries. 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31177. DOI: 10.5203/ss_ama.main_bon.chr.2015.1
47	Bone, Christine, Lougheed, Brett. "Library of Congress Subject Headings Related to Indigenous Peoples: a Project Changing LCSH for use in a Canadian Archival Context." Cataloging and Classification Quarterly. 2017/10/30. https://winnspace.uwinnipeg.ca/bitstream/handle/10680/1321/C&CQmanuscript.ForInstitutionalRepositoriesCOMPLETE.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2017.1382641
48	Canadian Federation Library Association. "First Nations Metis and Inuit Indigenous Ontology.” Resources and Databases. Accessed 10 June 2020. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSOKcm9HB-28iSqNN3sQd5hV7bMLMGpCeGL0dkQgyg2AiZAMWUF0sp98GyxIvLXYIWqSZ3nX_j_q4UN/pubhtml
49	Canadian Federation Library Association. Resources and Databases. Accessed May 1, 2020. http://cfla-fcab.ca/en/indigenous/resources-and-databases/
50	Emory Libraries. "Harmful Language in Finding Aids." https://rose.library.emory.edu/about/harmful-language.html
51	Endangered Languages Project. http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/
52	First Voices Project. https://www.firstvoices.com/home
53	Harvey, Chris. Language Geek. http://www.languagegeek.com/
54	Indigenous Language Institute https://ilinative.org/
55	Library and Archives Canada. Canadian Subject Headings (CSH). Accessed 10 June 2020. https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/services/canadian-subject-headings/Pages/canadian-subject-headings.aspx
56	Library of Congress. Subject headings for Indigenous peoples. Accessed 17 January 2024. https://www.loc.gov/aba/cataloging/subject/indigenous.html
57	Littletree, Sandra; Metyer, Cheryl A. "Knowledge Organization from an Indigenous Perspective: The Mashantucket Pequot Thesaurus of American Indian Terminology Project." Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 53:5-6, 640-657. 2015. DOI: 10.1080/01639374.2015.1010113
58	Martens, Monica. "Creating a Supplemental Thesaurus to LCSH for a Specialized Collection: The Experience of the National Indian Law Library." Law Library Journal, vol. 98:2, 2006-16. https://www.aallnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Vol-98-pub_llj_v98n02-2006-16.pdf
59	Middlebury College Special Collections. "Statement on Language in Library and Archival Catalogs."https://archivesspace.middlebury.edu//
60	National Archives and Records Administration. "Bureau of Indian Affairs Photographs Finding Aid." https://www.archives.gov/research/native-americans/bia/photos/about
61	Princeton University Library. "Statement on Archival Language." https://findingaids.princeton.edu/archival_language
62	Rogers, Rachel. "GVPL interim Indigenous subject headings."https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1qWWY5549qnS69_LpHEL7_XeiuyrX3onr58I4u3jrj5c/edit#gid=416984343
63	Rogers, Rachel. "Indigenous subject headings at the Greater Victoria Public Library." Greater Victoria Public Library. https://ocs.lib.sfu.ca/index.php/dcid/dcid2019/paper/viewFile/45/29
64	Temple University Libraries. "SCRC Statement on Potentially Harmful Language in Archival Description and Cataloging." https://library.temple.edu/policies/14
65	University of British Columbia. Indigenous Knowledge Organization. https://xwi7xwa.library.ubc.ca/collections/indigenous-knowledge-organization/
66	XWI7XWA Library First Nations House of Learning. XWI7XWA Names for BC First Nations. Sept. 4, 2019. https://xwi7xwa-library-10nov2016.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2019/09/B.C.Names_.pdf
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