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** SEV 0 RTO may be 15 min to 1 Hour depending on workload automation or requiring mitigation.
*** Post Activies includes post-mortem, planned fixes, architecture changes, unbuffing/rebuffing after a stack after an outage, cleanup, documentation, discussion
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Severity Level - Users AffectedAvg. Direct Rev Lost# Engineers on the BridgeCost/Hr
per Engineer
RTO (Hours)**Post Activities (Hours per Engineer)***
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SEV 0 - All External Players, Full Revenue Impact$60,00025$30112
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SEV 1 - Some External Players,
A Few Systems / Microservices, Rev Impact
$30,0008$30212
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SEV 2 - Some External Players,
1 System / Microservice, Rev Impact
$10,0004$3048
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SEV 3 - Internal Users or 1 System or Microservice w/ No Revenue Impact$02$3084
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Unclassified B/c Not Significant$00$000
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Example 1 - Medium: Deployment Frequency once per week to production (Per eng)
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Team Size25
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# of Changes/Month100Revenue Impacting27
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# of Changes/Year1200Incidents
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% Change Fail15%
Productivity compared to Stone Age DevOps
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Failed Changes / Year180Productivity Increase 300% more deploys
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% of Change Failure
As Incident Severity
Direct Revenue Lost by Incident Severity / YearAvg. # of Incidents
/ Year
$$ Lost in Eng Post Incident Activities & Bridge
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SEV 0 Incidents2%$240,0004$36,000
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SEV 1 Incidents5%$270,0009$51,840
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SEV 2 Incidents8%$140,00014$53,760
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SEV 3 Incidents12%$022$42,240
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Unclassified B/c Not Significant73%$0131$0
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Total Lost Direct
Rev / Year
$650,000Total $$ Lost for People Time$183,840
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Total Investment / Year
$833,840
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Example 2 - High: Deployment Frequency once per day to production (Per eng)
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Team Size25
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# of Changes/Month750Revenue Impacting29
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# of Changes/Year9000Incidents
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% Change Fail10%
Productivity compared to Medium Teams
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Failed Changes / Year900Productivity Increase 650% more deploys
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% of Change Failure
As Incident Severity
Direct Revenue Lost by Incident Severity / YearAvg. # of Incidents
/ Year
$$ Lost in Eng Post Incident Activities & Bridge
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SEV 0 Incidents0.3%$120,0002$18,000
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SEV 1 Incidents1%$270,0009$51,840
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SEV 2 Incidents2%$180,00018$69,120
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SEV 3 Incidents4%$036$69,120
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Unclassified B/c Not Significant92.7%$0834$0
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Total Lost Direct
Rev / Year
$570,000Total $$ Lost for People Time$208,080
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Total Investment / Year
$778,080
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Example 3 - Elite: Deployment Frequency On-Demand (Continuous)
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Team Size25
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# of Changes/Month2250Assumes 3 releasesRevenue Impacting24
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# of Changes/Year27000on avg. per eng per dayIncidents
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% Change Fail5%
Productivity compared to Medium Teams
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Failed Changes / Year1350Productivity Increase 2150% more deploys
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% of Change Failure
As Incident Severity
Direct Revenue Lost by Incident Severity / YearAvg. # of Incidents
/ Year
$$ Lost in Eng Post Incident Activities & Bridge
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SEV 0 Incidents0.1%$60,0001$9,000
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SEV 1 Incidents0.3%$90,0003$17,280
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SEV 2 Incidents1.5%$200,00020$76,800
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SEV 3 Incidents4.0%$054$103,680
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Unclassified B/c Not Significant94.2%$01272$0
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Total Lost Direct
Rev / Year
$350,000Total $$ Lost for People Time$206,760
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Total Investment / Year
$556,760
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Stone Age DevOps - Low: Deployment Frequency Once Per Month + High Change Failure
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Team Size25
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# of Changes/Month25Revenue Impacting46
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# of Changes/Year300Incidents
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% Change Fail64%
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Failed Changes / Year192
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% of Change Failure
As Incident Severity
Direct Revenue Lost by Incident Severity / YearAvg. # of Incidents
/ Year
$$ Lost in Eng Post Incident Activities & Bridge
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SEV 0 Incidents2%$240,0004$36,000
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SEV 1 Incidents10%$570,00019$109,440
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SEV 2 Incidents12%$230,00023$88,320
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SEV 3 Incidents15%$029$55,680
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Unclassified B/c Not Significant61%$0117$0
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Total Lost Direct
Rev / Year
$1,040,000Total $$ Lost for People Time$289,440
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Total Investment / Year
$1,329,440
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