Patient characteristics associated with increased postoperative length of stay and readmission after elective laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis

Basques, Bryce et al.

Retrospective Cohort

Patients, from the ACS-NSQIP database, who received lumbar spine surgery from 2011 to 2012 and were diagnosed with the CPT code 63047.

Which risk factors were linked with higher chances of postoperative length of stay and readmission following surgery.

Risk factors linked with increased length of stay and readmission following surgery.

Retrospective Cohort

The patients that met the criteria were analyzed to determine what risk factors were linked to readmission and LOS following surgery. Patients were not included if their LOS was greater than 10 days or readmission was past 30 days.

Risk factors associated with longer LOS and readmission were age, BMI, and ASA class 3-4.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24525996/

Obesity and early reoperation rate after elective lumbar spine surgery: a population-based study

Cinzia Gaudelli & Ken Thomas

Population-Based Retrospective Cohort

Patients, 20 years and older, who received lumbar surgery from July of 2007 to July of 2009.

Is increased BMI associated with higher chances of postoperative complications

The main outcome that was observed was the reoperation rate caused by any factor within the time frame

Population-Based Retrospective Cohort

Using a database, patients were separated into two groups: obese and non-obese. From there, patient’s reoperation rate was analyzed to determine if BMI was linked.

The RR for reoperation for obese patients compared to non-obese patients was 1.73 with a 95% CI of 1.03-2.90. Obese patients were also identified to have higher complication rates compared to their counterpart.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23230413/

Risk factors for deep surgical site infections after spinal fusion

Schimmel, J et al.

Case-Control Analysis

Patients who received spinal surgery from 1999 to 2008 at a specific orthopedic clinic

If certain risk factors were associated with increased chances of developing SSI after spine surgery

If increased chances of SSI are linked to certain risk factors

Case-Control Analysis

Patients who met the criteria were identified in to two groups, those with and without SSI. From there risk factors were analyzed to determine if any increased one’s chances of developing SSI.

Those who had received spine surgery in the past had close to a 4 times higher chance of developing an infection. Diabetic patients had nearly a 6 times higher chance of developing SSI and patients who smoked had more than a two times higher chance of developing SSI.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20445999/

Outcomes and complications of diabetes mellitus on patients undergoing degenerative lumbar spine surgery

Guzman, Javier et al.

Retrospective Analysis

2,568,994 surgeries

Patients, who received surgery from 2002 to 2011, were pulled from a database who met certain ICD-9 codes

If DM was associated with complications following lumbar surgery

Morbidity and mortality linked with DM following lumbar surgery

Retrospective Analysis

Patients, who met the criteria, were separated into three groups: controlled diabetics, uncontrolled diabetics, and non-diabetics. From there they were analyzed to determine if complications were associated with lumbar surgery

Of the total surgeries carried out, there were 403,629 controlled diabetics and 19,421 uncontrolled diabetics. Uncontrolled diabetics had higher chances of cardiac complications, DVT, longer LOS, and inpatient mortality compared to non-diabetics. Controlled diabetics, compared to non-diabetics, also had higher chances of complication and mortality.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24983935/

Complications related to instrumentation in spine surgery: a prospective analysis

Campbell, Peter et al.

Prospective Analysis

248 Patients (202 met criteria)

Patients who received spine surgery from May to December of 2008 at a specific institution

Complications associated with certain factors after spine surgery

Factors associated with complications following spine surgery

Prospective Analysis

Patients who met the criteria were analyzed to determine factors linked to complications following spine surgery

Out of the 202 patients who met the criteria, 114 had at minimum one perioperative complication. In lumbar surgery, the amount of levels fused increased one’s chances of developing complications. Other factors that ere associated with complications were age, diabetes, cardiac disease, and more.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21961854/

Using the ACS-NSQIP to identify factors affecting hospital length of stay after elective posterior lumbar fusion

Basques, Bryce et al.

Retospective Cohort

Patients, who received lumbar surgery from 2005 to 2010, in the ACS-NSQIP database

Risk factors associated with LOS following lumbar surgery

LOS and the risk factors linked following lumbar surgery

Retospective Cohort

Patients who met the criteria were identified and then factors linked with LOS were analyzed.

Age, obesity, ASA class, operation length, and more can act as predictors of longer LOS.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24384669/

Risk factors for medical complication after lumbar spine surgery: a multivariate analysis of 767 patients

Lee, Michael et al.

Prospective Multivariate Analysis

Patients who received lumbar surgery, from 2003 to 2004, at two specific institutions.

What risk factors were linked to complications following lumbar surgery

The incidence of each risk factor associated with complications following lumbar surgery.

Prospective Multivariate Analysis

Patients who met the criteria were analyzed to determine what risk factors were linked with complications following lumbar surgery

Of all the risk factors, hematological had the highest incidence at 17.5%, followed by cardiac at 13%, urological at 10.3%, neurological at 8.2%, pulmonary at 7%, and gastrointestinal at 6.7% . Both cardiac and respiratory complications were significantly linked to death following lumbar surgery.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22046614/

Risk factors for unintended durotomy during spine surgery: a multivariate analysis

Baker, Geoff et al.

Prospective Multivariate Analysis

1745 Patients (154 excluded)

Patients who received spine surgery from 2003 to 2004 from a specific database

Risk factors linked with unintended durotomy during spine surgery

Specific complication areas from collected data

Prospective Multivariate Analysis

Patients who met the criteria were analyzed to determined what risk factors were linked to unintended durotomy occurrence during spine surgery

Risk factors linked with unintended durotomy were age, diabetes, lumbar surgery, and more. The highest risk factor was having revision surgery.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22342249/

Perioperative mortality after lumbar spinal fusion surgery: an analysis of epidemiology and risk factors

Pumberger, Matthias et al.

Multivariate Analysis

1,288,296 Patients

Patients who received lumbar surgery from 1998 to 2008 in the US from the NIS database

Risk factors associated with mortality following lumbar surgery

If certain risk factors increase one’s chances of mortality following lumbar surgery

Multivariate Analysis

Patients who met the criteria were analyzed to determine what risk factors were linked to mortality following lumbar surgery

Risk factors linked with mortality were age, gender, congestive heart failure, renal disease, and more. Factors linked with the greatest chance of mortality were sepsis, pulmonary embolism, and cerebrovascular events.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22526700/

The efficacy and perioperative complications associated with lumbar spinal fusion surgery, focusing on geriatric patients in the republic of Korea

Kim, Il-Chun et al.

Retrospective Study

Patients, who received lumbar surgery, from March 2006 to December 2010 and were of a certain age

Perioperative complications linked to lumbar surgery for these geriatric patients

Both the efficacy and perioperative complications linked to lumbar surgery

Retrospective Study

Patients who met the criteria were analyzed for certain risk factors that were linked to higher chances of perioperative complications in lumbar surgery

16.7% of patients had complications and the perioperative complication rate was higher in patients 70 years or older. Age was the primary risk factor for perioperative complications.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24294456/

The effect of high obesity on outcomes of treatment for lumbar spinal conditions: subgroup analysis of the spine patient outcomes research trial

McGuire, Kevin et al.

Prospective Analysis

Patients, older than 18 years, from March 2000 to February 2005 at certain institutions

How obesity relates to lumbar spine treatment

Effects of high obesity on patients receiving lumbar spine treatments

Prospective Analysis

Patients who met the criteria were divided into three different groups: non-obese, obese, and extremely obese. From there outcomes were measured through questionnaire. This questionnaire was answered at six weeks, three months, one year, two years, three years, and four years following surgery

Higher amounts of comorbidities were linked with extremely obese patients in lumbar spine treatment

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25365713/

Complications after surgery for lumbar stenosis in a veteran population

Deyo, Richard et al.

Prospective Analysis

Patients, from 1998 to 2009, who received lumbar surgery from the VASQIP database

Risk factors associated with complications following lumbar surgery

Both the risk factors associated with complications following lumbar surgery and the rates

Prospective Analysis

Patients who met the criteria were analyzed for risk factors associated with complications following lumbar surgery

Age, ASA class, and more were risk factors linked to complications following lumbar surgery

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23778366/

Body mass index and risk of surgical site infection following spine surgery: a meta-analysis

Abdallah, Dima et al.

Studies, from three specific databases, that dealt with increased SSI risk associated with increased BMI

If there is an association between increased BMI and SSI

Risk of SSI associated with higher BMI

Studies that met the criteria were analyzed to determine if high BMI was linked with increased SSI chances

Higher BMI was linked with increased chances of SSI after receiving spine surgery. For every 5-unit increase of BMI there was a 13% increased risk of SSI.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23828507/

Using the spine surgical invasiveness index to identify risk of surgical site infection: a multivariate analysis

Cizik, Amy et al.

Multivariate Analysis

Patients who received spin surgery, from 2003 to 2004, at two specific institutions. Patients were excluded if they had a prior infection, invasiveness score was 0 or missing, and were less than 18.

If SSI can be predicted from using the spine surgical invasiveness index

Risk factors linked with SSI following spine surgery

Multivariate Analysis

Patients who met the criteria were analyzed to determine if the spine surgical invasiveness index is a good predictor of determining SSI following spine surgery and the risk factors linked with SSI.

Risk factors linked with SSI following spine surgery were BMI, hypertension, type of surgery, and surgical invasiveness index. Patients who received more invasive surgery had a higher chance of developing SSI.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22336972/

Risk of infection following posterior instrumented lumbar fusion for degenerative spine disease in 817 consecutive cases

Chaichana, Kaisorn et al.

Retrospective Study

Patients, older than 18, who received lumbar surgery from 1993 to 2010 at a specific institution

Risk factors linked with higher chance of developing an infection

The risk of infection and the factors associated with it

Retrospective Study

Patients who met the criteria were analyzed to determine what risk factors were linked to higher chance of developing infection

Risk factors linked with increased chance of developing infection were age, diabetes, obesity, past surgery on spine, and LOS.

Article Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24206038/