ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZAAABACADAEAFAGAHAIAJAKALAMANAO
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Energy Analysis
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Default Parameters by Environment TypePhotovoltaic CalculationsWind Turbine DataThese parameter values reflect typical user inputs by environment type. For the purpose of baseline energy and financial analysis, as well as realistic example calculations, we propose these default values based on research and commonly adopted industry standards.
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ParametersDense UrbanUrbanSuburbanRuralParametersDense UrbanUrbanSuburbanRuralParametersDense UrbanUrbanSuburbanRural
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Available Area (m²)20304050Final Area per Panel (m²)1.261.511.681.85Final Area per Panel (m²)3004006001000
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Area per Panel (m²)1.501.802.002.20Number of Panels16202427Required Area (m²)1.502.002.404.2
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Panel Tilt (degrees)33333333Total Panel Power (W)6359.277949.099538.9110839.67Diameter (m)1.501.751.752.30
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Nominal Power per Panel (W)400400400400
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Average Annual Power Consumption per Base Station (MWh)19.3821.5921.213.21
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Single Base Station Analysis
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Detailed Renewable Energy Production Analysis per Base Station by District and Environment Type (Solar, Wind, and Combined Contributions)This table shows the estimated annual energy production and renewable coverage of a single base station per district, by environment type (Dense Urban, Urban, Suburban, Rural). It includes solar, wind, and total renewable energy (in MWh and %), based on standardised assumptions.

ha (h): Effective solar irradiation hours per year, calculated as energy output divided by installed PV capacity.
CF (%): Wind capacity factor, representing the percentage of the year the turbine operates at full capacity.

Sources:
Solar data from PVGIS – EU JRC
Wind data from Global Wind Atlas – IEA/DTU
PV specs based on typical commercial panel datasheets.
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DistrictDense UrbanUrbanSuburbanRural
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Solar EnergyWind EnergyRenewable EnergySolar EnergyWind EnergyRenewable EnergySolar EnergyWind EnergyRenewable EnergySolar EnergyWind EnergyRenewable Energy
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haE (MWh)E (%)CFE (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)ha E (MWh)E (%)CFE (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)ha E (MWh)E (%)CFE (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)ha E (MWh)E (%)CFE (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)
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Lisboa1208.07.6840%32%0.844%8.5244%1359.010.8050%36%1.266%12.0656%1510.014.4068%40%2.1010%16.5178%1585.517.19130%52%4.5634%21.74165%
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Porto1152.07.3338%17%0.452%7.7740%1296.010.3048%19%0.673%10.9751%1440.013.7465%21%1.105%14.8470%1512.016.39124%27%2.3718%18.7588%
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Setúbal1224.07.7840%22%0.583%8.3643%1377.010.9551%24%0.844%11.7955%1530.014.5969%27%1.427%16.0176%1606.517.41132%35%3.0723%20.4897%
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Braga1136.07.2237%12%0.322%7.5439%1278.010.1647%14%0.492%10.6549%1420.013.5564%15%0.794%14.3368%1491.016.16122%20%1.7513%17.9184%
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Aveiro1144.07.2838%20%0.533%7.8040%1287.010.2347%23%0.814%11.0451%1430.013.6464%25%1.316%14.9571%1501.516.28123%33%2.8922%19.1790%
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Coimbra1160.07.3838%15%0.392%7.7740%1305.010.3748%17%0.603%10.9751%1450.013.8365%19%1.005%14.8370%1522.516.50125%25%2.1917%18.6988%
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Leiria1184.07.5339%36%0.955%8.4844%1332.010.5949%41%1.447%12.0256%1480.014.1267%45%2.3711%16.4878%1554.016.84128%59%5.1739%22.01104%
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Faro1280.08.1442%10%0.261%8.4043%1440.011.4553%11%0.392%11.8355%1600.015.2672%12%0.633%15.8975%1680.018.21138%16%1.4011%19.6193%
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Santarém1232.07.8340%8%0.211%8.0442%1386.011.0251%9%0.321%11.3352%1540.014.6969%10%0.532%15.2272%1617.017.53133%13%1.149%18.6788%
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Évora1288.08.1942%9%0.241%8.4343%1449.011.5253%10%0.352%11.8755%1610.015.3672%11%0.583%15.9475%1690.518.32139%14%1.239%19.5592%
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Beja1296.08.2443%10%0.261%8.5044%1458.011.5954%11%0.392%11.9855%1620.015.4573%12%0.633%16.0876%1701.018.44140%16%1.4011%19.8494%
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Portalegre1272.08.0942%9%0.241%8.3343%1431.011.3853%10%0.352%11.7354%1590.015.1772%11%0.583%15.7574%1669.518.10137%14%1.239%19.3291%
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Bragança1128.07.1737%18%0.472%7.6539%1269.010.0947%20%0.703%10.7950%1410.013.4563%22%1.165%14.6169%1480.516.05121%29%2.5419%18.5988%
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Vila Real1120.07.1237%16%0.422%7.5439%1260.010.0246%18%0.633%10.6549%1400.013.3563%20%1.055%14.4168%1470.015.93121%26%2.2817%18.2186%
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Guarda1112.07.0736%16%0.422%7.4939%1251.09.9446%18%0.633%10.5849%1390.013.2663%20%1.055%14.3168%1459.515.82120%26%2.2817%18.1085%
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Viseu1128.07.1737%16%0.422%7.5939%1269.010.0947%18%0.633%10.7250%1410.013.4563%20%1.055%14.5068%1480.516.05121%26%2.2817%18.3386%
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Castelo Branco1200.07.6339%12%0.322%7.9541%1350.010.7350%14%0.492%11.2252%1500.014.3167%15%0.794%15.1071%1575.017.07129%20%1.7513%18.8289%
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Viana do Castelo1112.07.0736%35%0.925%7.9941%1251.09.9446%40%1.406%11.3553%1390.013.2663%44%2.3111%15.5773%1459.515.82120%57%4.9938%20.8198%
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Network Analysis
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Base Station Distribution by Environment Type (% and Absolute Number)This table presents the distribution of mobile base stations by district, categorized by environment type — Dense Urban, Urban, Suburban, and Rural — showing both the percentage and absolute number of base stations. The percentage values per environment type were defined based on data gathered from official statistics and spatial planning studies, including sources such as the Portuguese National Statistics Institute (INE), municipal development plans (PDM), and urban-rural classification reports published by DGT (Direção-Geral do Território) and Eurostat. These inputs provide a representative approximation of the land use and population density characteristics in each district.
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DistrictTotal BSDense UrbanUrbanSuburbanRural
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%Number%Number%Number%Number
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Lisboa350020%70060%210010%35010%350
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Porto300010%30060%180010%30015%450
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Setúbal14005%7030%42035%49030%420
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Braga15005%7540%60030%45025%375
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Aveiro13005%6535%45530%39030%390
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Coimbra11001%1130%33040%44029%319
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Leiria11002%2230%33035%38533%363
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Faro10002%2035%35035%35028%280
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Santarém9000%020%18030%27050%450
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Évora7000%015%10525%17560%420
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Beja6000%010%6030%18060%360
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Portalegre5000%010%5025%12565%325
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Bragança5000%010%5020%10070%350
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Vila Real6500%010%6525%16365%423
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Guarda6000%010%6020%12070%420
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Viseu8001%820%16030%24049%392
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Castelo Branco7001%720%14030%21049%343
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Viana do Castelo8002%1625%20030%24043%344
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Total Renewable Energy Production Analysis by District and Environment Type (Considering All Base Stations: Solar, Wind, and Combined Contributions)This table shows the total annual energy production and renewable coverage of all base stations in each district, categorized by environment type (Dense Urban, Urban, Suburban, Rural). For each zone, it includes the number of base stations, the energy generated from solar and wind sources (in MWh), and the percentage of total energy consumption covered by each source and by renewables in total. The calculations are based on the sum of all base stations per environment type, using standardised energy production parameters.
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DistrictDense UrbanUrbanSuburbanRural
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Number of BSSolar EnergyWind EnergyRenewable EnergyNumber of BSSolar EnergyWind EnergyRenewable EnergyNumber of BSSolar EnergyWind EnergyRenewable EnergyNumber of BSSolar EnergyWind EnergyRenewable Energy
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E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)
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Lisboa1761352.0340%148.014%1500.0444%5285703.8850%666.046%6369.9256%881267.5368%185.0110%1452.5478%881512.39130%400.8634%1913.25165%
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Porto68498.1638%30.382%528.5440%4084203.2248%271.633%4474.8551%68934.0565%75.065%1009.1170%1021671.74124%241.2518%1912.99142%
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Setúbal16124.5440%9.253%133.7943%961050.8151%80.734%1131.5455%1121634.5969%158.947%1793.5376%961671.74132%294.3423%1966.07155%
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Braga18130.0337%5.682%135.7139%1441462.8947%70.642%1533.5349%1081462.8964%85.154%1548.0368%901454.57122%157.6813%1612.25136%
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Aveiro14101.8538%7.363%109.2140%981002.5947%78.984%1081.5751%841145.8164%110.386%1256.1971%841367.16123%242.8322%1609.99145%
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Coimbra211.8038%0.632%12.4340%48497.9348%28.593%526.5251%64885.2165%63.915%949.1270%46765.76125%101.6217%867.37142%
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Leiria536.1439%4.545%40.6844%72762.3549%103.447%865.7956%841185.8867%198.6811%1384.5578%791334.11128%409.3439%1743.45167%
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Faro432.5642%1.051%33.6143%70801.2753%26.982%828.2555%701068.3672%44.153%1112.5175%561019.80138%78.4911%1098.29148%
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Santarém00.000%0.000%0.000%32352.5651%10.091%362.6552%48705.1269%25.232%730.3472%801402.22133%91.109%1493.32141%
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Évora00.000%0.000%0.000%12138.2253%4.202%142.4255%20307.1572%11.563%318.7275%48879.57139%58.879%938.44148%
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Beja00.000%0.000%0.000%892.7254%3.082%95.8055%24370.8773%15.143%386.0176%48885.04140%67.2811%952.31150%
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Portalegre00.000%0.000%0.000%891.0053%2.802%93.8054%20303.3472%11.563%314.9074%52941.03137%63.779%1004.81146%
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Bragança00.000%0.000%0.000%660.5247%4.203%64.7350%12161.4063%13.885%175.2769%42674.02121%106.7019%780.72141%
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Vila Real00.000%0.000%0.000%880.1346%5.053%85.1749%20267.0963%21.025%288.1168%52828.58121%118.4417%947.02138%
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Guarda00.000%0.000%0.000%659.6746%3.783%63.4549%12159.1163%12.615%171.7268%42664.46120%95.6617%760.12137%
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Viseu18.6137%0.502%9.1139%24242.1047%15.143%257.2350%36484.1963%37.845%522.0468%59943.63121%133.9217%1077.55139%
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Castelo Branco16.1039%0.252%6.3641%16171.7050%7.852%179.5552%24343.4067%18.924%362.3271%39669.24129%68.6813%737.92143%
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Viana do Castelo211.3136%1.475%12.7941%20198.8946%28.036%226.9253%24318.2263%55.5011%373.7273%34544.22120%171.7738%715.99158%
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DistrictOverall Energy Summary by DistrictDiscription
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Consumed Energy (MWh)Solar EnergyWind EnergyRenewable EnergyConsumed Energy (MWh)Solar EnergyWind EnergyRenewable Energy
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E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)E (MWh)E (%)
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Lisboa17838.489835.8455.14%1399.927.85%11235.7662.99%Total Energy Consumption (MWh): Estimated total annual energy consumption of all base stations in the district (calculated based on environment type and average BS consumption).Solar Energy Produced (MWh): Total annual solar energy generated by base stations across all environments in the district (dense urban, urban, suburban, rural).Solar Coverage (%): Percentage of the district’s total annual base station consumption that is met by solar energy.Wind Energy Produced (MWh): Total annual wind energy generated by base stations in the district (usually only in suburban and rural areas).Wind Coverage (%): Percentage of the district’s total annual base station consumption that is met by wind energy.Total Renewable Energy (MWh): Sum of solar and wind energy produced in the district.Total Renewable Coverage (%): Percentage of the district’s total annual base station consumption that is met by renewable energy (solar + wind).
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Porto12915.587307.1756.58%618.324.79%7925.4961.36%
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Setúbal6025.284481.6774.38%543.269.02%5024.9383.40%
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Braga6936.304510.3865.03%319.144.60%4829.5369.63%
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Aveiro5277.583617.4168.54%439.548.33%4056.9676.87%
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Coimbra3037.072160.7071.14%194.756.41%2355.4577.56%
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Leiria4474.543318.4874.16%715.9916.00%4034.4790.17%
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Faro3812.582921.9876.64%150.673.95%3072.6580.59%
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Santarém2765.282459.8988.96%126.424.57%2586.3293.53%
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Évora1317.161324.95100.59%74.645.67%1399.58106.26%
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Beja1315.601348.63102.51%85.506.50%1434.13109.01%
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Portalegre1283.641335.37104.03%78.146.09%1413.51110.12%