| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | AA | AB | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Legend | URL | Status | Good? | Launch year | Shut down date & reason | Location | Runs on blockchain | Area of focus | Type | Comment | ||||||||||||||||||
2 | Iowa electronic markets | https://iemweb.biz.uiowa.edu/ | Up and running | Yes | 1988 | US | No | Politics | Public | Initial date uncertain; earliest reference: https://iemweb.biz.uiowa.edu/media/accuracy.html | |||||||||||||||||||
3 | UBC Election Stock Market | http://esm.ubc.ca/ | Transformed | 1993 | 2008: succeeded by https://predictionmarkets.ca/about.php | Canada | No | Canadian elections | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||
4 | Hollywood Stock Exchange | https://www.hsx.com/ | Up and running | Yes | 1996 | United States | No | Film (box office, oscars, etc.) | Public | Wikipedia article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywood_Stock_Exchange. Earliest source: https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/tech/99/02/circuits/articles/25ebay.html Appears to have used or considered using play money in the past, but no longer | |||||||||||||||||||
5 | Intrade | Shut down | 1999 | 2013: legal problems, financial problems | Ireland, but majority of customers from US | No | Public | CEO died climbing mount everest. | |||||||||||||||||||||
6 | NewsFutures | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NewsFutures | Transformed | 2000 | 2010: becomes Lumenogic | US/France | No | Public | Play money with prizes. Evolved into Lumenogic | ||||||||||||||||||||
7 | Foresight Exchange | http://ideosphere.com/ | Up and running | Maybe | 2000 | No | Public | Longest running prediction-market. Play money. | |||||||||||||||||||||
8 | Betfair | https://www.betfair.com/exchange/plus/ | Up and running | Yes | 2000 | UK (Malta) | No | Sports | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||
9 | Usifex | https://web.archive.org/web/20061230211002/http://www.usifex.com/if/source.html | Shut down | 2000 | 2000? | No | Public | Timeline unclear | |||||||||||||||||||||
10 | Policy Analysis Market | http://mason.gmu.edu/~rhanson/policyanalysismarket.html | Shut down | 2001 | 2003 | Cancelled by DoD following media controversy on July 29, 2003 | US | No | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||
11 | TradeSports | https://www.tradesports.com/support | Shut down | 2002 | 2015: legal problems, financial problems | US | No | Fantasy sports. "Trade in a rich set of political futures, financial contracts, current events, sports and entertainment." | Public | Orginal archive link https://web.archive.org/web/20020326174230/https://www.tradesports.com/ Besides sports, it also had a market on whether Saddam Hussein would be captured or killed, per "The Magic and Science of Prediction Markets", California Management Review, Teck-Hua Ho and Kay-Cut Chen, and "a new security that would pay $100 if the head of DARPA, Admiral John Poindexter, was ousted by the end of August 2003", per Prediction Markets. Journal of Economic Perspectives—Volume 18, Number 2—Spring 2004 —Pages 107–126 | |||||||||||||||||||
12 | Net Exchange | nex.com | Transformed | ~2000 | Unknown; page redirects to a derivatives exchange | US | No | Mentioned by Hanson as one of the bidders in a DARPA program (http://mason.gmu.edu/~rhanson/policyanalysismarket.html) | |||||||||||||||||||||
13 | Austrian Electronic Market | Shut down | ~2000 | Unknown | Austria | No | Mentioned in Prediction Markets. Journal of Economic Perspectives—Volume 18, Number 2—Spring 2004 —Pages 107–126, modelled after the Iowa Electronic Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15 | Neoteric Technologies (Neotek) | www.neotek-al.com | Unknown | ~2000 | Lack of success | US | No | Mentioned by Hanson as one of the bidders in a DARPA program (http://mason.gmu.edu/~rhanson/policyanalysismarket.html) | |||||||||||||||||||||
16 | Nosco | Shut down | ~2000s | Early 2000s; existence only known from mentions in the academic literature | May have had something to do with predictions in the past, now organizations by that name seem to be just another consultancy. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
17 | Economic Derivatives | http://economicderivatives.com/ | Transformed | 2002 | Transformed into the general derivatives industry | US | No | Economic variables (employment, retail sales, industrial production, inflation, consumer sentiment and economic growth) | Launched by Goldman Sachs in collaboration with Deutsche Bank. https://web.archive.org/web/20021017071757/http://www.gs.com/econderivs/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
18 | Pro:kons | http://www.prokons.com/prediction-markets | Up and running | Probably not | 2002 | No | Private | PM as a service. | |||||||||||||||||||||
19 | BlogShares | Shut down | 2003 | 2013? | UK | No | Individual blogs | Public | |||||||||||||||||||||
20 | Nadex | https://www.nadex.com/ | Up and running | Yes | 2004 | US | No | Finance | Public | Binary options | Had legal problems and was disapproved by CFTC order in 2012: Order Prohibiting the Listing or Trading of Political Event Contracts (April 2, 2012), available at http://www.cftc.gov/ucm/groups/public/@rulesandproducts/documents/ifdocs/nadexorder040212.pdf. The disapproved Nadex contracts were binary option contracts that would have paid out based upon the results of various U.S. federal elections in 2012. | ||||||||||||||||||
21 | Pinnacle sports | https://www.pinnacle.com/en/ | Up and running | Probably not | 2004 | No | Gambling | Public | Mentioned by Zvi on https://thezvi.wordpress.com/2018/07/26/prediction-markets-when-do-they-work/ "There are markets at PredictIt and BetFair and Pinnacle Sports, and there used to be relatively deep markets at InTrade. These markets matter enough to get talked about and attract some money when they involve major events like presidential elections, but tend to be quite pathetic for anything less than that." | ||||||||||||||||||||
22 | Nimanix | https://web.archive.org/web/20061124001100/http://www.nimanix.com/ | Shut down | 2004 | 2016 | Israel | No | Private | Timeline unclear | ||||||||||||||||||||
23 | Inkling markets | www.inklingmarkets.com | Transformed | 2005 | 2015: subsumed into Cultivate Labs, by the same founders | US | No | Business | Private | Subsumed into Cultivate Labs, by the same founders | |||||||||||||||||||
24 | Consensus point | http://www.consensuspoint.com/ | Up and running | Probably not | 2006 | US | No | Business | Private | Associates itself with Robin Hanson. | |||||||||||||||||||
25 | WeatherBill | http://blog.oddhead.com/2008/08/19/weatherbill-combinatorial-prediction-market/ | Transformed | 2006 | 2013: Sold to Monsanto | No | Weather insurance | Public | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Climate_Corporation | ||||||||||||||||||||
26 | Bet2give | https://web.archive.org/web/20110410114442/https://bet2give.com/b2g/index.html | Shut down | 2007 | 2012: Not popular enough | US/France | No | Public | All payouts to winners charity of choice. Owned by NewsFutures. | ||||||||||||||||||||
27 | AskMarkets | https://web.archive.org/web/20170208003527/http://www.askmarkets.com/ | Shut down | 2007 | 2017 | No | Public | Timeline unclear | |||||||||||||||||||||
28 | iPredict | Shut down | 2008 | 2016: legal problems | New Zealand | No | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||||
29 | FantasySCOTUS | https://fantasyscotus.net/ | Up and running | Yes | 2009 | United States | No | US Supreme Court Decisions | Public | Beat GJOpen on 2019 decisions. Not real money | |||||||||||||||||||
30 | Lumenogic | http://www.lumenogic.com | Transformed | 2010 | US/France | No | Business | Private | Transformed into Hypermind | ||||||||||||||||||||
31 | DAGGRE/SciCast | Shut down | 2011 | 2015, closed when IARPA funding finished -- didn't find a transition partner. | Public | Play money with occasional cash prizes (some substantial). After closing the engine has been used in a startup, and about to be used in the replication markets project. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
32 | KENFORX | http://www.kenforx.com/en | Up and running | Probably not | 2006/2011 | Germany | No | Private | Website registration from whois data is 2011, company data refers to https://de.linkedin.com/company/kenforx-gmbh. | ||||||||||||||||||||
33 | Augurius | https://angel.co/augurius | Shut down | 2012 | 2014; lack of success | Venezuela | No | Both | Is gone, only mention remains the founder's linkedin: https://gt.linkedin.com/in/leorodrigueznet/es | ||||||||||||||||||||
34 | Assassination Market | assmkedzgorodn7o.onion | Unknown | 2013 | Unknown | Unknown (Tor) | No | Assassinations | Public | Ethically repugnant. | Date sourced from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_market | ||||||||||||||||||
35 | Predictious | https://www.predictious.com/ | Shut down | 2013 | 2021 | Ireland | No | Public | Liquidity seems crazy low | https://twitter.com/predictious?lang=en | |||||||||||||||||||
36 | Sauder School of Business Prediction Markets | https://predictionmarkets.ca/ | Up and running | Probably not | 2013 | Canada | No | Political and economic | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||
37 | BitBet | http://www.bitbet.com/ | Unknown | 2013 | Website is up, but may not be functional | International | Yes | Casino, sports, races | Public | Website is still up, but may not be functional. May be a scam | |||||||||||||||||||
38 | Hivemind | https://hvmd.io/agora | Up and running | Maybe | 2014 | UK | No | Infrastructure for businesses | Private | Started out as company internal, was spun out | |||||||||||||||||||
39 | Hypermind | http://www.hypermind.com | Up and running | Kinda | 2014 | US/France | No | Both | Play money, but real payouts according to a score-board. Owned by Lumenogic. Recently, contests have been sponsored by OpenPhilanthropy. | ||||||||||||||||||||
40 | PredictIt | https://www.predictit.org/ | Up and running | Yes | 2014 | New Zealand | No | Politics | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||
41 | Fairlay | http://fairlay.com/ | Up and running | Maybe | 2014 | Costa Rica | Yes | Public | |||||||||||||||||||||
42 | ZenTrade | https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/zentrade#section-overview | Shut down | 2014 | 2016? | No | Public | Uses BTC for denomination | |||||||||||||||||||||
43 | Microsoft Prediction Lab | https://prediction.microsoft.com/ | Shut down | 2014 | 2016. Shutdown reason unclear | No | Public | Building the platform seems to have been outsourced: https://www.insight.com/en_US/learn/content/2017/09132017-microsoft-prediction-lab.html, https://blogs.windows.com/devices/2014/11/10/data-driven-crystal-ball-microsoft-prediction-lab/ | |||||||||||||||||||||
44 | The Science Prediction Markets Project | https://www.citationfuture.com | Up and running | Maybe | 2015 | No | Science | Public | Ran 4x so far, from 2015, and results published in 4 papers. Real-money but fixed starting amount. | ||||||||||||||||||||
45 | Almanis | https://www.almanisprivate.com | Up and running | Maybe | 2015 | No | Prediction markets as a service | Private | Unclear how it compares to other services, like Hypermind or Superforecasters. A project of www.dysruptlabs.com | ||||||||||||||||||||
46 | Predictful | http://web.archive.org/web/20161107041811/http://www.predictful.com/ | Shut down | 2015 | 2016, ?? | US, Germany | No | Business | Both | B2B | |||||||||||||||||||
47 | Cultivate Labs | https://www.cultivatelabs.com/ | Up and running | Yes | 2015 | US | No | Business | Private | Play money. They run the Good Judgment Open and CSET-Foretell platforms | |||||||||||||||||||
48 | Pivit | pivit.io | Unknown | 2015 | 2018 | No | Fantasy Sports | Public | |||||||||||||||||||||
49 | Hivemind | http://bitcoinhivemind.com/ | Shut down | 2015 | 2016: never got out of beta | Yes | Public | Never got out of beta; github repository not active. https://github.com/bitcoin-hivemind/hivemind | |||||||||||||||||||||
50 | Gnosis | https://gnosis.pm/ https://omen.eth.link/ | Up and running | ~2016 | ~2021; Gnosis transitioned to being a DAO, and Omen, its prediction market platform, Omen, its actual prediction market, is seeing little volume but is not actually dead yet. | ? | Yes | Public | Start data uncertain; earliest reference by looking up gnosis.pm on archive.org. It was in beta for a long time. | ||||||||||||||||||||
51 | Endor protocol? | https://www.endor.com/protocol | Up and running | Probably not | 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
52 | Bodhi | http://www.bodhi.network/ | Transformed | 2017 | China | Yes | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||||
53 | Stox | https://www.stox.com/en/ | Pre-launch | 2017 | 2018 | Gibraltar | Yes | Public | Eternal beta; roadmap not updated since 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||
54 | Degens | https://degens.com/ | Up and running | Maybe | 2017 | US | Yes | Sports | Public | Ethereum. Seems to have an old but functional interface. Might be a scam. | |||||||||||||||||||
55 | Delphi markets | https://delphimarkets.tumblr.com/ | Shut down | 2017 | 2017: Founder conflicts | ? | Yes | Public | Majority of team moved to Delphi systems | ||||||||||||||||||||
56 | Delphy | https://delphy.org/ | Up and running | No | 2017 | China(?) | Yes | Public | |||||||||||||||||||||
57 | Enjin | https://www.enjin.com/ | Unknown | 2017 | <2021 | Yes | Minecraft | Public | Hanson wrote about it http://www.overcomingbias.com/2017/09/prediction-markets-update.html. It's not exactly a prediction market, but by issuing their own coin, transactions in the coin are predictions on the future relative value of the assets traded. Current website doesn't mention that functionality, though | ||||||||||||||||||||
58 | Atlaspredict | https://atlaspredict.com/ | Shut down | 2017 | 2019. Unknown, may have never actually launched | United States | No | Public | |||||||||||||||||||||
59 | Augur | https://augur.net/ | Up and running | Kinda | 2018 | Estonia(?) | Yes | Public | |||||||||||||||||||||
60 | Winton Capital Climate Change Market | https://www.climatepredictionmarket.com/ | Shut down | 2018 | 2019 | UK | No | Climate | Public | Play-money, but real money payouts to winners. Write-up of first round here: https://medium.com/hvmd/hivemind-prediction-markets-case-study-the-winton-climate-prediction-market-a80f8a3a8dfe | |||||||||||||||||||
61 | PredictionMarkt | https://predictionmarkt.com/ | Up and running | 2018 | No | Public | Uses ETH for demonimation, not sure whether it's a scam | ||||||||||||||||||||||
62 | Amoveo Book | https://amoveobook.com/ | Shut down | 2018 | Yes | Insurance | Public | Amoveo was a blockchain started by estranged Augur co-founder. See also https://www.reddit.com/r/Amoveo/; https://github.com/zack-bitcoin/amoveo; https://amoveo.io/ | |||||||||||||||||||||
63 | Veil | https://veil.co | Shut down | 2019 | N/A | Cayman Islands (parent co in US) | Yes | crypto, entertainment, sports | Public | Built using Augur and Ethereum blockchain, launch announcement: https://medium.com/veil-blog/introducing-veil-649036f9d492. Shutdown annoucement: https://medium.com/veil-blog/next-steps-for-veil-133777c4a774 | |||||||||||||||||||
64 | Midnite | https://www.midnite.com/ | Up and running | Maybe | 2019 | No | E-Sports | Public | |||||||||||||||||||||
65 | Replication Markets | https://www.replicationmarkets.com/ | Up and running | Yes | 2019 | United States | No | Replication in the social sciences | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||
66 | Futuur | https://futuur.com/ | Up and running | Maybe | 2019 | Curaçao, Netherlands | Yes | Politics, misc | Public | Unclear what process Bitcoin plays | |||||||||||||||||||
67 | Omen | https://omen.eth.link/ | Up and running | No | 2020 | United States | Yes | crypto, politics, broad | Public | Aims to compete with Augur. | |||||||||||||||||||
68 | Corona Information markets | coronainformationmarkets.com | Up and running | No | 2020 | United States | Yes | Coronavirus | Public | Using Omen (see below). Site exists, but unclear if active as of August 2020 due to high eth fees | |||||||||||||||||||
69 | Free Idea Futures | https://freeideafutures.herokuapp.com/predictions/ | Up and running | No | 2020 | United States | No | Public | Based on an idea by Paul Christiano, hasn't seemed to gain traction. https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/sLbS93Fe4MTewFme3/an-online-prediction-market-with-reputation-points | ||||||||||||||||||||
70 | Flying Fox | https://github.com/BumblebeeBat/FlyingFox | Transformed | 2020 | Difficult to fix security flaw and internal disagreements; work was moved to https://github.com/zack-bitcoin/amoveo | Yes | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||||
71 | Prediqt | https://prediqt.everipedia.org/ prediqt.io | Up and running | No | 2020 | Decentralized | Yes | Various; presidential elections | Public | Low volumes, misleading labels for those volumes. | |||||||||||||||||||
72 | Catnip | https://catnip.exchange/ | Shut down | Maybe | 2020 | Unknown | Yes | Various; presidential elections | Public | Interface for Augur on the main Ethereum chain, with curated markets. Was the new hot thing for a while, until Ethereum gas costs rose | |||||||||||||||||||
73 | Polymarket | polymarket.com | Up and running | Yes | 2020 | US | Yes | Various; sports, politics | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||
74 | FTX | ftx.com/ | Up and running | Yes | 2020 | Europe | Yes | Cryptocurrency derivatives, misc | Public | Financial services, but also has misc contracts, like TRUMPFEB, or on Olympic Games | |||||||||||||||||||
75 | CrowdWorx | https://www.crowdworx.com/prediction-market-software-consulting-companies/ | Up and running | Probably not | <= 2020 | Germany, Poland | No | Business | Private | Could email them about timelines | |||||||||||||||||||
76 | Prosper | https://prosper.so/ | Pre-launch | >.=2021 | US | Yes | Cryptocurrency predictions | Public | Binance's cash grab on the prediction market front, but nobody likes Binance. | ||||||||||||||||||||
77 | Polkamarkets | https://www.polkamarkets.com/ | Pre-launch | >.=2021 | US | Yes | Entertainment | Public | Seems to be a clone of polymarket on the Polkadot blockchain | ||||||||||||||||||||
78 | Kalshi | https://kalshi.com/ | Up and running | Yes | 2021 | US | No | General | Public | Main selling point seems to be regulatory compliance. Does not allow for leverage. | |||||||||||||||||||
79 | Pulse Markets | https://pulsemarket.eth.link | Up and running | No | 2021 | Yes | Sports | Public | |||||||||||||||||||||
80 | WINGS DAO Price Discovery & Promotion Pre-Beta | https://www.wings.ai/#!/home/discover | Up and running | No | <2021 | Yes | ICOs | Public | Seems kind of dead, but website is still up | ||||||||||||||||||||
81 | Hedghog markets | https://twitter.com/HedgehogMarket | Up and running | >=2021 | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
82 | Insight Prediction | https://insightprediction.com/ | Up and running | >=2021 | United States? | Public | |||||||||||||||||||||||
83 | sx.bet | https://sx.bet/ | Up and running | No | 2022 | Non-US | Yes | Sports | Public | Only sports. On a "Polygon layer 2", which at first glance appears to be kinda dumb. | |||||||||||||||||||
84 | Vanderbilt Climate Change Prediction Market | https://www.vanderbilt.edu/provost/2021/vanderbilt-climate-change-prediction-market/#gsc.tab=0 | Unknown | 2021 | Never launched | US | No | Climate Change | Public | Archived at: https://web.archive.org/web/20210220190042/https://www.vanderbilt.edu/provost/2021/vanderbilt-climate-change-prediction-market/ | |||||||||||||||||||
85 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
86 | Delphi systems | https://delphi.systems/ | Pre-launch | ? | Yes | Public | Primarily focuses on oracles, not prediction markets. See: https://medium.com/@Delphi_Markets/the-new-delphi-fc2333bc84f3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
87 | Popular science prediction market | https://web.archive.org/web/20070726103038/http:/ppx.popsci.com/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
88 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
89 | Shut down | Unknown | Single point of failure: evangelising employee left (??) | Company internal | Timeline needed? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
90 | Nokia | Shut down | Unknown | Germany | No | Company internal | Used the software package Gexid by Bernd Ankenbrand | ||||||||||||||||||||||
91 | Electronic Arts (Xpress) | Shut down | Unknown | No | Company internal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
92 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
93 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
94 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
95 | This list is being mantained by Nuño Sempere, based on earlier work by Jacob Lagerros (who does not actively maintain it). To propose a new market, leave a comment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
98 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
99 | *APs* | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
100 | --populate token and open source sections | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||