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References to osteopathic medicine in the ninth edition of The CSE Manual: Scientific Style and Format for Authors, Editors, and Publishers
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Section or tableEntryPurpose
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Section 7.8 — Unnecessary Words and PhrasesIt is reported by Michael M. Patterson, PhD . . . becomes Michael M. Patterson, PhD, reported . . .Example of how to eliminate unnecessary words and phrases by converting sentences from the passive voice to the active voice. (Note: The late Dr Patterson conducted basic research related to osteopathic manipulative medicine at 4 osteopathic medical colleges.)
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Table 8.1 — Guidelines for Determining Formal Surnames According to Their Countries of OriginOrigin of name — Europe, except for Hungary, Portugal, and Spain

Convention for surname used in text
D’Alonzo for osteopathic pulmonologist Gilbert E. D’Alonzo Jr, MS, DO

Convention for bibliographic reference
D’Alonzo GE Jr		Example of how to stylize surnames with prefixes base on where those names originated. (Note: Dr D'Alonzo is a former editor in chief of the American Osteopathic Association.)
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Section 8.1.1.2 — Names in Text of Research ArticlesGait asymmetry was reduced in male study participants following osteopathic manipulative treatment (Hill et al 2022).Example of how to use the name–year system for references with an in-text citation consisting of the author’s surname following by the publication year. (This article was publishined in the November 2022 issue of the Journal of Osteopathic Medicine.)
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Section 8.1.3 — Suffixes in NamesOn first reference in text:
Charles E. Still Sr, DO

For subsequent references in text:
Dr Still or Still

In a bibliographic reference:
Still CE Sr		Example of how to use generational suffixes such as “Junior” (Jr), “Senior” (Sr), and the “Second” (II) in text and in references. (Note: Dr Still was a son of Andrew Taylor Still, DO, MD.)
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Section 8.1.4 — Academic Degrees, Honors, and Other CredentialsDoctor of osteopathic medicine (DO) degrees earned in the United States are professional doctoral degrees that are educationally and legally on par with the US and Canadian MD degrees, while osteopathy degrees earned outside the United States are bachelor’s or master’s degrees.Part of explanation of how academic degrees can differ among countries.
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Section 8.1.5 — Military TitlesRear Admiral Murray Goldstein, MPH, DO, becomes RADM Murray Goldstein, USPHSExample of how to differ military abbreviations of ranks and titles in researchers' names depending on whether the names are used in publications with civilian readers or published in publications with military readers. (Note: Dr Goldstein served for 10 years as the director of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.)
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Table 8.2 — Abbreviations  of Select Academic Degrees and Other Professional CredentialsDO — doctor of osteopathic medicineOne of 85 examples of initialisms of professional credentials used after researchers' names.
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Section 11.2 — Punctuation and TypographyLonnie Bristow, MD, and William G. Anderson I, DO, were the first Black presidents of the American Medical Association and the American Osteopathic Association, respectively.Example of omitting commas between surnames and generational suffixes such as “Junior” (Jr), “Senior” (Sr), and the “Second” (II). The example also demonstrates that in contrast, commas are used before and after abbreviations for academic degrees and other credentials that follow full names.
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Section 11.4 — Abbreviations of Study NamesOSTEOPAThic Health outcomes In Chronic low back pain (OSTEOPATHIC)Example of how to deal with study titles that use “bicapitalization,” also known as “intercaps." (Note: Although this entry recommends retaining the authors' stylization of a study's acronym, the entry recommends following standard capitalization guidelines for the full name of the study. In this case, the guideline would call for referring to the study's entire name as "Osteopathic Health Outcomes in Chronic Low Back Pain," while continuing to use "OSTEOPATHIC" as the study's acronym.)
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Section 21.1.4 — Institute for Laboratory Animal ResearchILAR lab code:
Mck

Registered to:
Nissar Darmani, PhD
Example of the kind of laboratory codes included in the symbols for transgenes, DNA loci, targeted and induced mutations, and chromosome anomalies. (Note: The Institute for Laboratory Animal Research issued the code "McK" when Dr Darmani was at the A.T. Still University—Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine. Dr Darmani is currently the associate dean for basic sciences and research at the two osteopathic medical colleges of Western University of Health Sciences.)
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Section 29.2.1.3 — Citation–NameIn-text references:
One study reported that osteopathic manipulative treatment was a significant mediator for patients with low back pain,2 while another report suggested that osteopathic manipulation has the potential to benefit patients who are lactating.1

End references:
1. Conaway E, O’Donnell A. Osteopathic considerations for breastfeeding women. J Osteopath Med. 2021;121(10): 805–811. https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2021-0069
2. Licciardone J, Aryal S. Patient-centered care or osteopathic manipulative treatment as mediators of clinical outcomes in patients with chronic low back pain. J Osteopath Med. 2021;121(10):795–804. https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2021-0113
Example of an in-text reference given in the citation–name system and its accompanying end reference.
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Section 30.3.3 — PunctuationBurns, Louisa 112Example of how to use personal names in an index. (Note: The late Louisa Burns, DO, was a pioneering researcher in osteopathic medicine.)
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Indexosteopathic medicine (DO) degrees 8.1.4Entry on osteopathic medicine in The CSE Manual's index.
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