ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZAAABACADAEAFAGAHAIAJAKALAMANAOAPAQARASATAUAVAWAXAYAZBABBBCBDBEBFBGBHBIBJBKBLBMBNBOBPBQBRBSBTBUBVBWBXBYBZCACBCCCDCECFCGCHCICJCKCLCMCNCOCPCQCRCSCTCUCV
1
Quick LookupUSDA SymbolAvailable FlagLocal FlagOnline FlagArticle FlagLocal CountOnline CountsArticle CountsLocal NamesOnline NamesArticle NamesSuper PlantBlurbRecommendation ScoreNATIVEQUIZ_FLOWERQUIZ_BEEQUIZ_BUTTERFLYQUIZ_HUMMINGBIRDPlant TypeCommon NameScientific NameDistribution in USAWorkhorseFlower ColorShowyFlowering MonthsHeight (feet)Spread (feet)Sun ExposureSoil MoistureDrought TolerancePropagationPollinator ValuePollinatorsMonarchsUsesPlant FamilyNative StatusLifespanGrowth FormShape and OrientationFall ConspicuousLeaf RetentionSoil TextureSalt TolerancepH (Range)Fertility RequirementGrowth RateActive Growth PeriodHedge ToleranceResprout AbilityFire TolerancePalatability (Browsing/Grazing)Commercially AvailableBenefits To PollinatorsNative Bees (except Bombus)BombusHoney BeesBeetles, Wasps, FliesMothsNesting and Structure (Bees)Larval Host (Monarch)Larval Host (Butterfly)Larval Host (Moth)Larval Species (Lepidoptera)BatsWindEcoRegionTolerancesUsesGenusSpeciesGenera/Binomial AuthorPLANTS Floristic AreaCategoryFamilyFamily SymbolFamily Common NameOrderSubClassClassSubDivisionDivisionSuperDivisionSubKingdomKingdomITIS TSNDurationGrowth HabitBloatC:N RatioCoppice PotentialFire ResistanceFlower ConspicuousFoliage ColorFoliage Porosity SummerFoliage Porosity WinterFoliage Texture
2
Abies amabilisABAM1010010No ArticleNo
Loved for its tall, pyramid-like shape and lush, fragrant needles, this evergreen thrives in cool, moist conditions. In spring, you'll find bees drawn to its cones. While providing nesting for birds, it also serves as a source of timber. Its bark can be used as a natural remedy too.
2.30NoNoNoTreePacific Silver FirAbies amabilis
AK, CA, OR, WA
YellowNoMay–Jun5025Sun, Part Shade, ShadeDryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root
Low
Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Pinaceae
L48 (N), AK (N), CAN (N)
Long
Single Stem
ErectColor
Evergreen
None3.3–6LowSlow
Spring, Summer
NoneNoNoneLow/
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesAchytonix praeacuta, Acleris gloverana, Acleris variana, Agrochola pulchella, Apotomops wellingtoniana, Archips packardiana, Argyrotaenia niscana, Barbara colfaxiana, Caripeta divisata, Choristoneura fumiferana, Choristoneura occidentalis, Choristoneura orae, Cladara limitaria, Dioryctria reniculella, Ectropis crepuscularia, Enypia packardata, Enypia venata, Epirrita autumnata omissa, Epirrita pulchraria, Eupithecia annulata, Eupithecia filmata, Eupithecia harrisonata, Eupithecia longipalpata, Eupithecia luteata bifasciata, Eupithecia olivacea, Eupithecia palpata, Eupithecia transcanadata, Eupithecia unicolor, Feralia jocosa, Gabriola dyari, Hydriomena irata, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa, Lophocampa argentata, Melanolophia imitata, Mniotype miniota, Neoalcis californiaria, Nepytia phantasmaria, Panthea portlandia - group, Pero behrensaria, Pero morrisonaria, Phlogophora periculosa, Promylea lunigerella, Protoboarmia porcelaria indicataria, Semiothisa granitata, Semiothisa granitata-group, Spiramater lutra, Stenoporpia albescens, Synaxis pallulata, Syngrapha alias, Syngrapha rectangula, Syngrapha selecta, Thallophaga hyperborea, Xestia homogena, Xestia mustelina, Zeiraphera diniana, Zeiraphera improbana, Zeiraphera ratzeburgiana, Zeiraphera unfortunanaYes
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Northern Rockies-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Northern Basin and Range-Alaska
Herbal/Folk Medicine, Wood Product, Landscaping
Abies
amabilis
(Douglas ex Loudon) Douglas ex Forbes
NA (L48, AK, CAN)
GymnospermPinaceaePINACEPine familyPinales
Pinopsida
Coniferophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
181824PerennialTreeNoneHighNoNoNo
Gray-Green
DenseDense
Medium
3
Abies balsameaABBA1110310
Go Native Trees, Musser Forests Indiana, Perennial Gardens New Bloomfield
No ArticleYes
Ideal for cold climates, this evergreen conifer thrives in moist, well-drained soil with full sun to partial shade. Attracting pollinators like bees, it features fragrant, resinous bark, needle-like leaves, and purple cones. Valued for timber, pulp, and essential oils, it provides shelter and food for wildlife, including birds and mammals.
5.70NoYesNoTreeBalsam FirAbies balsamea
CT, IA, IN, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, VT, WI, WV
Workhorse/Pollinator
YellowNoJun–Aug4025Sun, Part Shade, ShadeWet, MoistLow
Seed, Container, Bare root
Medium
Larval Host (Butterfly); Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Herbal/Folk Medicine, Wood Product, Landscaping
Pinaceae
L48 (N), CAN (N), SPM (N)
Short
Single Stem
Conical
No Color
Evergreen
None4–6
Medium
Slow
Spring, Summer
LowNoLow
Medium/
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesYesAcleris gloveranus, Acleris variana, Acronicta sperata, Amorbia humerosana, Anacamptodes ephyraria, Anacamptodes vellivolata, Aplectoides condita, Archepandemis borealis, Archepandemis morrisana, Archips alberta, Archips packardiana, Archips strianus, Argyresthia abies, Argyrotaenia niscana, Argyrotaenia velutinana, Automeris io, Barbara mappana, Campaea perlata, Caripeta angustiorata, Caripeta divisata, Choristoneura fumiferana, Choristoneura occidentalis, Choristoneura pinus, Choristoneura rosaceana, Cingilia catenaria, Cladara limitaria, Clemensia albata, Clepsis persicana, Coleotechnites atrupictella, Dasychira plagiata, Dasychira vagans, Dioryctria abietivorella, Dioryctria reniculella, Dolichomia thymetusalis, Ectropis crepuscularia, Eilema bicolor, Elaphria versicolor, Endothenia albolineana, Epermenia albapunctella, Epiblema radicana, Epinotia balsameae, Epirrita autumnata henshawi, Epirrita autumnata omissa, Eucosma tocullionana, Eueretagrotis perattentus, Eufidonia discospilata, Eufidonia notataria, Eulithis explanata, Eupithecia albicapitata, Eupithecia annulata, Eupithecia filmata, Eupithecia gibsonata, Eupithecia lariciata, Eupithecia luteata, Eupithecia mutata, Eupithecia mutata mutata, Eupithecia palpata, Eupithecia transcanadata, Eutrapela clemataria, Feralia comstocki, Feralia jocosa, Griselda radicana, Hyalophora columbia columbia, Hydriomena divisdaria, Hydriomena furcata, Hydriomena renunciata, Hypagyrtis piniata, Hypoprepia fucosa, Idia aemula, Korscheltellus gracilis, Lambdina fervidaria, Lambdina fiscellaria, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria, Lithophane fagina, Lithophane innominata, Lophocampa argentata, Lymantria dispar, Macaria pustularia, Malacosoma disstria, Marmara fasciella, Melanolophia canadaria, Melanolophia imitata, Melanolophia signataria, Nematocampa filamentaria, Nemoria mimosaria, Neophasia menapia, Nepytia canosaria, Nepytia semiclusaria, Nycteola revayana, Orgyia antiqua, Orgyia antiqua nova, Orgyia leucostigma, Orgyia leucostigma intermedia, Orgyia leucostigma plagiata, Orthosia hibisci, Palthis angulalis, Panthea acronyctoides, Paralobesia piceana, Peridroma saucia, Pero morrisonaria, Phlogophora periculosa, Probole amicaria, Prochoerodes transversata, Protoboarmia porcelaria, Protoboarmia porcelaria indicataria, Semiothisa bisignata, Semiothisa granitata, Semiothisa granitata-group, Semiothisa oweni, Semiothisa signaria dispuncta, Solenobia walshella, Sparganothis sulfureana, Sparganothis tristriata, Sphinx poecila, Synaxis pallulata, Syndemis afflictana, Syngrapha abstrusa, Syngrapha alias, Syngrapha rectangula, Syngrapha selecta, Syngrapha viridisigma, Tetracis cachexiata, Thallophaga hyperborea, Tolype laricis, Xestia badicollis, Xestia elimata, Xestia perquiritata, Xestia praevia, Zanclognatha cruralis, Zanclognatha minoralis, Zanclognatha protumnusalis, Zeiraphera canadensis, Zeiraphera diniana, Zeiraphera fortunana, Zeiraphera improbana, Zeiraphera ratzeburgiana, Zeiraphera unfortunanaYes
Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Northern Piedmont-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Central Appalachians-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Abies
balsamea
(L.) Mill.
NA (L48, CAN, SPM)
GymnospermPinaceaePINACEPine familyPinales
Pinopsida
Coniferophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
18032PerennialTreeNoneHighNoNoNoGreenDenseDense
Medium
4
Abies bracteataABBR1010010No ArticleNo
A charming, evergreen tree loved by birds for its seeds. Best comes to life in well-drained, sunny locations. Mostly relies on wind for pollination. Unique tree with stunning cone-bearing branches, providing aesthetic appeal. Survived Ice Age, making it an intriguing conversation starter. Reaches up to 80 feet in height. Known for long lifespan.
1.30NoNoNoTreeBristlecone FirAbies bracteataCA
Yellow–Green
NoMar5025SunMoist, WetLow
Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Pinaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesCydia bracteatanaYes
Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley
Abies
bracteata
(D. Don) D. Don ex Poit.
NA (L48)
GymnospermPinaceaePINACEPine familyPinales
Pinopsida
Coniferophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
181825PerennialTree
5
Abies concolorABCO1110110
Fox Hill Gardens
WesternNativeSeed.comNo ArticleYes
A tall, elegant evergreen with soft blue-green needles. Prefers full sun and moist, well-drained soil. Its sweet-smelling flowers attract hummingbirds. Its cones provide food for birds, while its dense foliage shelters animals. This tree saw usefulness in traditional medicine and for its evenly-burning firewood.
4.30NoNoNoTreeWhite FirAbies concolor
AZ, CO, ID, NM, NV, OR, UT, WY
Workhorse
RedNoMay–Jun5025Sun, Part ShadeMoist, Dry
Medium
Seed, Container, Bare root, Cutting
Low
Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Pinaceae
L48 (N)
Long
Single Stem
Conical
No Color
Evergreen
None5.5–7.8
Medium
Slow
Spring, Summer
LowNo
Medium
Low/
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesAchytonix epipaschia, Acleris gloveranus, Argyrotaenia dorsalana, Argyrotaenia klotsi, Argyrotaenia provana, Barbara colfaxiana, Barbara colfaxiana siskiyouana, Chionodes abella, Choristoneura fumiferana, Choristoneura occidentalis, Choristoneura viridis, Clepsis persicana, Cydia bracteatana, Egira simplex, Enypia griseata, Epiblema radicana, Epinotia meritana, Eucosma siskiyouana, Eupithecia catalinata, Eupithecia spermaphaga, Lophocampa argentata, Nepytia freemani, Nepytia phantasmaria, Orgyia oslari, Orgyia pseudotsugata, Orgyia pseudotsugata benigna, Orgyia pseudotsugata morosa, Syngrapha celsa, Ypsolopha nella, Zeiraphera hesperianaYes
Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range
Abies
concolor
(Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.
NA (L48)
GymnospermPinaceaePINACEPine familyPinales
Pinopsida
Coniferophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
181826PerennialTreeNoneHighNoNoNoGreenDenseDense
Medium
6
Abies fraseriABFR1110210
Go Native Trees, Musser Forests Indiana
No ArticleYes
Loves full sun and good soil drainage, also tolerates cold weather. Attracts bees which love its pollen. Known as Fraser fir, often used as Christmas trees. A safe spot for birds' nests and source of food for wildlife. Pleases the eye with dark green needles and narrow shape.
4.30NoNoNoTreeFraser FirAbies fraseri
GA, NC, TN, VA
PurpleNoApr–May3015Sun, Part Shade, ShadeMoist, DryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root, Cutting
Low
Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Pinaceae
L48 (N)
Moderate
Single Stem
Erect
No Color
Evergreen
Low3.5–5.5Low
Moderate
Spring, Summer
LowYesLowLow/
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesDioryctria abietivorellaYes
Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley
Abiesfraseri(Pursh) Poir.
NA (L48)
GymnospermPinaceaePINACEPine familyPinales
Pinopsida
Coniferophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
181829PerennialTreeNoneHighNoNoNo
Dark Green
Moderate
Moderate
Medium
7
Abies grandisABGR1010010No ArticleYes
A towering evergreen, perfect for spacious gardens, preferring cool, moist climates. Gorgeous cones adorn its upper branches, attracting birds like crossbills. It's loved for its fragrant needles, good for natural decor and crafts. An important shelter and food source for wildlife, it boasts a majestic height and dark green hue.
3.70NoYesNoTreeGrand FirAbies grandis
CA, ID, MT, OR, WA
Workhorse/Pollinator
GreenNoMay–Jun10030Sun, Part Shade, ShadeMoist, Dry
Medium
Seed, Container, Bare root
Medium
Larval Host (Butterfly); Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Pinaceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Long
Single Stem
Conical
No Color
Evergreen
None4.5–7.5
Medium
Moderate
Spring, Summer
LowNoHighLow/
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesYesAchytonix praeacuta, Acleris variana, Aseptis binotata, Barbara colfaxiana, Caripeta divisata, Choristoneura fumiferana, Choristoneura occidentalis, Choristoneura viridis, Cladara limitaria, Coleotechnites atrupictella, Coleotechnites granti, Dasychira grisefacta, Ditula angustiorana, Egira perlubens, Elpiste lorquinaria, Enypia griseata, Enypia packardata, Enypia venata, Epirrita autumnata omissa, Eupithecia annulata, Eupithecia harrisonata, Eupithecia longipalpata, Eupithecia luteata bifasciata, Eupithecia olivacea, Eupithecia palpata, Eupithecia transcanadata, Eupithecia unicolor, Eupithecia usurpata, Eustroma fasciata, Feralia jocosa, Gabriola dyari, Griselda radicana, Hofmannophila pseudospretella, Hydriomena irata, Hydriomena speciosata, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa, Lambdina fiscellaria somniaria, Lophocampa argentata, Marmara oregonensis, Melanolophia imitata, Nematocampa filamentaria, Neoalcis californiaria, Neophasia menapia, Nepytia phantasmaria, Nepytia umbrosaria, Nepytia umbrosaria nigrovenaria, Operophtera occidentalis, Orgyia pseudotsugata, Panthea portlandia - group, Peridroma saucia, Pero behrensaria, Pero morrisonaria, Pero occidentalis, Petrova picicolana, Promylea lunigerella, Protoboarmia porcelaria indicataria, Semiothisa granitata-group, Spiramater lutra, Stenoporpia albescens, Synaxis pallulata, Syngrapha alias, Syngrapha celsa, Syngrapha rectangula, Syngrapha selecta, Thallophaga hyperborea, Xestia mustelina, Zeiraphera ratzeburgianaYes
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Canadian Rockies-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Northern Basin and Range
Abies
grandis
(Douglas ex D. Don) Lindl.
NA (L48, CAN)
GymnospermPinaceaePINACEPine familyPinales
Pinopsida
Coniferophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
183284PerennialTreeNoneHighNoYesNoGreenDenseDense
Medium
8
Abies lasiocarpaABLA1010010No ArticleNo
A lover of the cold, best for high-altitude or far north gardens. It's a joy for birds who feed on its cones and gives your landscape a Christmas feel all year with its compact shape and needle-like leaves. Loves moist but well-drained soils and full sun to partial shade.
2.30NoNoNoTreeSubalpine FirAbies lasiocarpa
AK, AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, UT, WA, WY
GreenNoMay–Jun4015Sun, Part Shade, ShadeDryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root
Low
Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Pinaceae
L48 (N), AK (N), CAN (N)
Long
Single Stem
Conical
No Color
Evergreen
None4–6.5
Medium
Slow
Spring, Summer
LowNoLowLow/
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesAchytonix praeacuta, Acleris variana, Archips packardiana, Aseptis binotata, Caripeta divisata, Choristoneura biennis, Choristoneura fumiferana, Choristoneura occidentalis, Cladara limitaria, Clemensia albata, Clepsis persicana, Coleotechnites atrupictella, Dasychira grisefacta, Dasypyga alternosquamella, Dioryctria abietivorella, Dioryctria reniculella, Ectropis crepuscularia, Eilema bicolor, Enypia griseata, Enypia packardata, Enypia venata, Epirrita autumnata omissa, Epirrita pulchraria, Eufidonia notataria, Eulithis propulsata, Eupithecia annulata, Eupithecia columbrata, Eupithecia filmata, Eupithecia harrisonata, Eupithecia luteata bifasciata, Eupithecia olivacea, Eupithecia palpata, Eupithecia transcanadata, Eupithecia unicolor, Eupithecia usurpata, Feralia comstocki, Feralia jocosa, Gabriola dyari, Griselda radicana, Henricus fuscodorsanus, Hydriomena californiata, Hydriomena irata, Hypagyrtis piniata, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa, Lithophane innominata, Lophocampa argentata, Melanolophia imitata, Nematocampa filamentaria, Neoalcis californiaria, Nepytia phantasmaria, Operophtera bruceata, Orgyia antiqua, Orgyia antiqua badia, Orgyia pseudotsugata, Panthea portlandia - group, Pero behrensaria, Pero morrisonaria, Petrova picicolana, Protoboarmia porcelaria, Protoboarmia porcelaria indicataria, Semiothisa granitata, Semiothisa granitata-group, Sicya macularia, Synaxis pallulata, Syndemis afflictana, Syngrapha alias, Syngrapha angulidens, Syngrapha angulidens excelsa, Syngrapha celsa, Syngrapha rectangula, Syngrapha selecta, Thallophaga hyperborea, Trichodezia albovittata, Xestia homogena, Xestia mustelina, Xestia perquiritata, Zeiraphera diniana, Zeiraphera fortunana, Zeiraphera improbana, Zeiraphera ratzeburgiana, Zeiraphera unfortunanaYes
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Canadian Rockies-Northwestern Great Plains-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Alaska
Abies
lasiocarpa
(Hook.) Nutt.
NA (L48, AK, CAN)
GymnospermPinaceaePINACEPine familyPinales
Pinopsida
Coniferophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
181830PerennialTreeNoneHighNoNoNoGreenDenseDense
Medium
9
Abies magnificaABMA1010010No ArticleNo
A majestic evergreen, thriving in full sun and well-drained soil. Its massive cones attract squirrels and birds, while its distinct aroma draws bees. Renowned for its beauty as a Christmas tree and providing shelter for wildlife. Recognizable by its rich blue-green, glossy needles. Loves cold, snowy winters and cool summers.
2.30NoNoNoTreeCalifornia Red FirAbies magnifica
CA, NV, OR
BrownNoMay–Jun10030Sun, Part Shade, ShadeWet, MoistLow
Seed, Container, Bare root, Cutting
Low
Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Pinaceae
L48 (N)
Long
Single Stem
Erect
No Color
Evergreen
Low5–6.1LowSlow
Spring, Summer
LowNoLow
Low/Low
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesBarbara colfaxiana siskiyouana, Cydia bracteatana, Eucosma siskiyouana, Eupithecia spermaphaga, Orgyia pseudotsugataYes
Coast Range-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Northern Basin and Range
Abies
magnifica
A. Murray bis
NA (L48)
GymnospermPinaceaePINACEPine familyPinales
Pinopsida
Coniferophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
181834PerennialTreeNoneHighNoYesNo
Dark Green
Moderate
Moderate
Medium
10
Abies proceraABPR1010010No ArticleNo
A majestic evergreen, loves cool, humid climates and well-drained soil. It perfectly attracts bees, adding pollinator-friendly value to your garden. Uniquely used for making bows and musical instruments. Its seeds attract squirrels, making it a significant wildlife contributor. Easily identified by its silvery-blue needles and large cones.
1.50NoNoNoTreeNoble FirAbies procera
CA, OR, WA
GreenNoMay–Jun5025Sun, Part ShadeMoist, DryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root
None Known
WindPinaceae
L48 (N)
Long
Single Stem
Erect
No Color
Evergreen
None6–7.5LowRapid
Spring, Summer
LowNoLow
Low/Low
Available 2017
Yes
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Northern Basin and Range
Abies
procera
Rehder
NA (L48)
GymnospermPinaceaePINACEPine familyPinales
Pinopsida
Coniferophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
181835PerennialTreeNoneHighNoNoNo
Dark Green
DenseDense
Medium
11
Abronia ammophilaABAM31010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in sandy soil and full sun. Hummingbirds love its yellow flowers that bloom in summer. Typically used to prevent soil erosion on sandy lands. The dense silvery-white foliage offers shelter to small wildlife. Features thin, up to 20 cm tall stalks tipped with clusters of yellow flowers.
1.70NoYesNoHerb (perennial)Wyoming Sand VerbenaAbronia ammophilaWY
White–Green
YesJun–Jul1.52Sun
Medium
Moths; Butterflies
Nyctaginaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food
Yes
Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin
Abronia
ammophila
Greene
NA (L48)
Dicot
Nyctaginaceae
NYCTAGFour o'clock family
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
184206Perennial
Forb/herb
12
Abronia fragransABFR21010010WesternNativeSeed.comNo ArticleNo
A sweet-smelling flower with snow-white petals opening in the evening, perfect for night-time pollinators like moths. Prefers sunny, dry conditions and well-drained soil. Traditional uses include treatment for stomachaches. Attracts small mammals and birds, making it a wildlife-friendly option.
1.70NoNoNoHerb (perennial)Snowball Sand VerbenaAbronia fragrans
AZ, CO, KS, MT, ND, NE, NM, OK, SD, TX, UT, WA, WY
Pollinator
WhiteYesMay–Aug1.53SunDry
Medium
Moths; Larval Host (Moth)
Nyctaginaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval FoodYesYesLithariapteryx abroniaeella
Columbia Plateau-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Edwards Plateau-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Nebraska Sand Hills-Western Corn Belt Plains-Northern Basin and Range
Abronia
fragrans
Nutt. ex Hook.
NA (L48)
Dicot
Nyctaginaceae
NYCTAGFour o'clock family
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
19557Perennial
Forb/herb
13
Abronia latifoliaABLA21010010No ArticleNo
A fragrant, beach-loving beauty, embracing sandy soil and full sun conditions. Flowers yellow, grouped in clusters, it attracts insects and hummingbirds promoting pollination. Physically, it's a low-growing, spreading perennial with fleshy green leaves. Traditional use against stomach problems. It offers nesting sites for birds, food source for wildlife.
1.70YesNoNoHerb (perennial)Coastal Sand VerbenaAbronia latifolia
CA, OR, WA
Pollinator
YellowYesJun1.53SunMoist
Medium
Native Bees; Bombus; Larval Host (Moth)
NyctaginaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesLasionycta arietis, Lasionycta wyatti, Lithariapteryx abroniaeella, Lithariapteryx elegans
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Columbia Plateau-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Abronia
latifolia
Eschsch.
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Nyctaginaceae
NYCTAGFour o'clock family
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
19560Perennial
Forb/herb
14
Abronia maritimaABMA21010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in dry, sandy soil with full sun exposure. Possesses vibrant pink blossoms that attract bees and butterflies, primarily blooming in summer. Useful for dune restoration and erosion control. Offers shelter to beach-dwelling wildlife. Features a low, spreading growth pattern with succulent-like leaves.
1.70YesNoNoHerb (perennial)Red Sand VerbenaAbronia maritimaCA
Pollinator
PinkYesMay1.53Sun
Medium
Native Bees; Bombus; Larval Host (Moth)
Nyctaginaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesLithariapteryx abroniaeella
Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Mojave Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Abronia
maritima
Nutt. ex S. Watson
NA (L48)
Dicot
Nyctaginaceae
NYCTAGFour o'clock family
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
19562Perennial
Forb/herb
15
Abronia melliferaABME1010010No ArticleNo
A sweet-smelling beauty, it thrives in sandy, well-drained soil and partial sun. Bees love the fragrant, white lantern-shaped flowers. Although not edible, it is utilized for ornamental value. Vital for local ecosystems, it provides shelter for insects and small mammals. It persists even in drought, displaying small, bright green leaves.
1.30NoNoNoHerb (perennial)White Sand VerbenaAbronia mellifera
ID, OR, UT, WA, WY
PinkYesApr–Sep1.53SunLow
Larval Host (Moth)
Nyctaginaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Larval Food
YesLithariapteryx abroniaeella
Cascades-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-North Cascades-Northern Basin and Range
Abronia
mellifera
Douglas ex Hook.
NA (L48)
Dicot
Nyctaginaceae
NYCTAGFour o'clock family
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
19563Perennial
Forb/herb
16
Abronia umbellataABUM1010010No ArticleNo
Bright pink flowers bloom from summer to fall, covering sand-like leaves for a pop of color next to coastal paths. Ideal in full sun, this low-growing, dainty beauty thrives in sandy soil, with a knack for resisting deer. Butterflies are drawn to its nectar, creating a miniature wildlife hub in your garden.
2.10YesYesNoVine, Herb (perennial)Pink Sand VerbenaAbronia umbellata
CA, OR, WA
Pollinator
Rose–Pink
YesMay–Aug1.53SunDryHigh
Native Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Moths; Butterflies; Larval Host (Moth)
NyctaginaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesEuphyia implicata, Lithariapteryx abroniaeella, Lithariapteryx elegans
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Mojave Basin and Range-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Abronia
umbellata
Lam.
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Nyctaginaceae
NYCTAGFour o'clock family
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
19572Perennial
Vine, Forb/herb
17
Abronia villosaABVI1010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in full sun and well-drained sandy soil. Drought tolerant, ideal for desert gardening. Produces bright yellow flowers, attracting honeybees and butterflies. Historically used by indigenous peoples for medicinal purposes. Provides shelter and food for insects and small wildlife. Grows as a matted ground cover, with hairy leaves and stalks.
1.70YesNoNoHerb (annual)Desert Sand VerbenaAbronia villosa
AZ, CA, NV, UT
Pollinator
PinkYesMay–Jul12Sun
Medium
Native Bees; Bombus; Larval Host (Moth)
Nyctaginaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesEuphyia implicata grandiosa
Coast Range-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Madrean Archipelago-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
AbroniavillosaS. Watson
NA (L48)
Dicot
Nyctaginaceae
NYCTAGFour o'clock family
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
19577Annual
Forb/herb
18
Abutilon eremitopetalumABER1010010No ArticleNo
Loves growing in dry forest conditions and spots with partial shade. Fascinating bell-shaped hidden flowers attract native bees, aiding local biodiversity. Often used for decorative purposes, it's loved by birds for shelter. Yellow-green foliage adds a splash of color to your garden.
1.70YesYesNoShrubHiddenpetal Indian MallowAbutilon eremitopetalumHI
Green, Red
YesFeb54Sun, Part ShadeMoist
Medium
Native Bees; Butterflies
MalvaceaeHI (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food
YesHawaiiAbutilon
eremitopetalum
CaumHIDicotMalvaceaeMALVACMallow family
Malvales
Dilleniidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
21678PerennialShrub
19
Abutilon incanumABIN1010010No ArticleNo
Loves sunlight and well-drained soil. Attracts bees, a primary pollinator, with pinkish-white bell-shaped flowers. Used in traditional medicine for skin problems. Birds feast on its seeds, giving it high wildlife value. Stands around 2 feet tall, with heart-shaped leaves and a hardy nature.
1.30NoYesNoShrub, Herb (perennial)PelotazoAbutilon incanum
AZ, CO, HI, NM, OK
Orange–Yellow
YesMar–Oct64SunDryLow
Larval Host (Butterfly)
Malvaceae
L48 (N), HI (N)
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesCelotes limpia, Celotes nessus, Systasea pulverulenta
Mojave Basin and Range-Colorado Plateaus-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Cross Timbers-Madrean Archipelago-Sonoran Basin and Range-Hawaii
Abutilon
incanum
(Link) Sweet
NA (L48), HI
DicotMalvaceaeMALVACMallow family
Malvales
Dilleniidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
21665Perennial
Subshrub, Forb/herb
20
Abutilon malacumABMA31010010No ArticleNo
Produces soft yellow flowers perfect for sunny gardens, being heat-friendly. Attracts hummingbirds with its nectar and provides shelter for butterflies. Highly favored in herb gardens for its medicinal uses in treating skin diseases. Its leafy foliage offers valuable habitat for small wildlife. Grows 3-4 feet tall and wide.
1.30NoYesNoShrub, Herb (perennial)Yellow Indian MallowAbutilon malacum
AZ, NM, TX
Orange–Yellow
YesJun–Sep54SunDryLow
Larval Host (Butterfly)
Malvaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Larval Food
Yes
Celotes limpia
Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Madrean Archipelago-Sonoran Basin and Range
Abutilon
malacum
S. Watson
NA (L48)
DicotMalvaceaeMALVACMallow family
Malvales
Dilleniidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
21666Perennial
Subshrub, Forb/herb
21
Abutilon menziesiiABME21010010No ArticleNo
Nicknamed 'ko'oloa'ula, it loves the sun, dry soil, and sea-level or higher altitudes. This short, woody shrub with heart-shaped, fuzzy leaves attracts bees. Its flame-red blooms give it fiery charm. Traditional Hawaiians made tea from its bark, leaves and flowers. Attracts birds, too.
1.70YesYesNoShrubKo'oloa 'ulaAbutilon menziesiiHI
Pollinator
Pink–Red, Yellow
YesJan–Dec66Sun, Part Shade
Medium
Native Bees; Butterflies
MalvaceaeHI (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food
YesHawaiiAbutilon
menziesii
Seem.HIDicotMalvaceaeMALVACMallow family
Malvales
Dilleniidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
21680PerennialShrub
22
Abutilon permolleABPE1010010No ArticleNo
Loves sunny spots and well-drained soil. This yellow-flowered bushy plant is adored by bees, making it perfect for pollinator gardens. Its velvet leaf texture adds interesting contrast in the garden. It offers food for local wildlife. Traditionally, used as a herbal remedy for various ailments.
1.30NoYesNoShrub, Herb (perennial)Coastal Indian MallowAbutilon permolleFL
Orange–Yellow
Jan–Dec54SunMoistLow
Larval Host (Butterfly)
Malvaceae
L48 (N), PR (N)
Unlikely
Larval Food
YesStrymon columella modesta
Southern Coastal Plain-Southern Florida Coastal Plain
Abutilon
permolle
(Willd.) Sweet
NA (L48), PR
DicotMalvaceaeMALVACMallow family
Malvales
Dilleniidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
21670Perennial
Subshrub, Forb/herb
23
Abutilon wrightiiABWR1010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in full sun and well-drained soil. Attracts hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies with its vibrant orange blooms. Loved by wildlife for its fruit. Typically grows to 3 feet, with heart-shaped leaves. Traditionally used for medicinal purposes. Flourishes in the heat, needs moderate watering.
1.30NoYesNoShrub, Herb (perennial)Wright's Indian MallowAbutilon wrightiiNM, TX
Orange
YesMar–Nov44SunLow
Larval Host (Butterfly)
Malvaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Larval Food
YesAntigonus pulverulenta, Systasea pulverulenta
Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain
Abutilon
wrightii
A. Gray
NA (L48)
DicotMalvaceaeMALVACMallow family
Malvales
Dilleniidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
21677Perennial
Subshrub, Forb/herb
24
Acacia angustissimaACAN1010010No ArticleNo
A sun-loving beauty, best for warm climates. Its delicate white blooms attract bees, making it a pollinator's paradise. Young leaves are edible, a unique bonus. It's a favorite food for deer, adding great wildlife value. Stands out with its feathery, bright-green leaves and flat, pointed pods.
1.70NoYesNoShrub, Herb (perennial)Prairie AcaciaAcacia angustissima
AR, AZ, FL, KS, LA, MO, NM, OK, TX
Pollinator
YellowMar–May1010SunDry, Moist
Medium
Larval Host (Butterfly); Larval Host (Moth)
Fabaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesYesCogia outis, Cydia ninana, Syssphinx albolineata, Syssphinx blanchardi, Syssphinx raspa
Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-East Central Texas Plains-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains
Acacia
angustissima
(Mill.) Kuntze
NA (L48)
DicotFabaceaeFABACEPea family
Fabales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
26418Perennial
Subshrub, Forb/herb
25
Acacia constrictaACCO21010010No ArticleYes
Loves full sun and well-drained soil, resilient to drought. Tantalizes bees with yellow ball-shaped flowers. Useful for erosion control and making natural dyes. Birds and mammals feast on seed pods. It's a rounded shrub that blooms spring to summer with thorny branches.
4.30NoNoNoTree, ShrubWhitethorn AcaciaAcacia constricta
AZ, NM, TX
YellowYesMay–Jun1010Sun, Part ShadeDryHigh
Seed, Container, Bare root
Low
Larval Host (Moth)
Fabaceae
L48 (N)
Moderate
Multiple Stem
Erect
No Color
Deciduous
Medium
7–8.5LowSlow
Spring, Summer
HighYesHighLow/
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesHemileuca tricolor
Mojave Basin and Range-Colorado Plateaus-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-Madrean Archipelago-Sonoran Basin and Range
Acacia
constricta
Benth.
NA (L48)
DicotFabaceaeFABACEPea family
Fabales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
26422Perennial
Tree, Shrub
None
Medium
NoNoYesGreen
Porous
Porous
Fine
26
Acacia farnesianaACFA1110310No ArticleYes
A sun-loving, drought tolerant shrub that flourishes in well-drained soils. With delicate yellow flowers and thorny branches, it's a magnet for bees while also providing shelter for birds and insects. Used in perfumery and for its medicinal properties, this low-maintenance plant offers year-round interest with its fragrant blossoms and unique seed pods.
4.70NoNoNoTree, ShrubSweet AcaciaAcacia farnesiana
AL, AZ, CA, FL, GA, HI, LA, MS, NM, TX
Pollinator
YellowYesFeb–Jun1515Sun, Part ShadeMoist
Medium
Larval Host (Moth); Bats
FabaceaeL48 (NI), HI (I), PR (N), VI (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval FoodYes
Amyelois transitella, Ectomyelois ceratoniae, Filatima monotaeniella, Ithome concolorella, Macaria abydata, Oiketicus abbotii, Platynota rostrana, Polyhymno acaciella, Polyhymno luteostrigella, Syssphinx blanchardi, Syssphinx helligbrodti
Yes
Southern California Mountains-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-Cross Timbers-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Southeastern Plains-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Southern Florida Coastal Plain-Madrean Archipelago-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Acacia
farnesiana
(L.) Willd.
NA (L48), HI, PR, VI
DicotFabaceaeFABACEPea family
Fabales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
26427Perennial
Tree, Shrub
27
Acacia greggiiACGR1010010No ArticleYes
Thrives in sandy or rocky soil in full sunlight. Drought-tolerant. Unique seeds are used for jewellery making due to their beautiful, dark-brown color. Its fragrant yellow flowers invite bees, butterflies and birds. Provides shelter for wildlife due to its dense thorns and is a great windbreaker. Mid-sized shrub with a twisted, contorted shape.
5.10YesYesNoTree, ShrubCatclaw AcaciaAcacia greggii
AZ, CA, NM, NV, OK, TX, UT
Pollinator
YellowYesApr–May1010SunDryHigh
Seed, Container, Bare root
High
Native Bees; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Butterflies; Larval Host (Moth)
Fabaceae
L48 (N)
Long
Multiple Stem
Erect
No Color
Deciduous
None6.5–8.5LowSlow
Spring, Summer
HighYesHigh
Medium/
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesHemileuca burnsi, Hemileuca tricolor, Melipotis novanda, Syssphinx hubbardi, Zaleops umbrina
Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains
AcaciagreggiiA. Gray
NA (L48)
DicotFabaceaeFABACEPea family
Fabales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
26428Perennial
Tree, Shrub
None
Medium
NoNoYesGreen
Porous
Porous
Fine
28
Acacia koaACKO1110110
Musser Forests Indiana
No ArticleYes
Thrives in sunny, well-drained conditions. Its stunning golden flowers attract bees, essential pollinators. Wood is highly valued for crafting. Birds and insects love its seed pods. Sporting a tall, upright growth habit, it's adorned with feathery, silver-green leaves and curved seed pods.
4.70YesNoNoTreeKoaAcacia koaHI
Pollinator
YellowNoApr–May5030Sun, Part ShadeMoist, Wet
Medium
Seed, Container, Bare root, Cutting
Medium
Native Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies
FabaceaeHI (N)Long
Single Stem
Erect
No Color
Evergreen
None5–7
Medium
Moderate
Year Round
Medium
Yes
Medium
High/
Available 2017
Adult Food
YesYesHawaiiAcaciakoaA. GrayHIDicotFabaceaeFABACEPea family
Fabales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
182079PerennialTreeNoneLowNoNoNoGreen
Moderate
Moderate
Medium
29
Acacia koaiaACKO21010010No ArticleNo
Known as Dwarf Koa, it thrives in dry conditions and full sun. Its flowers attract bees, beneficial for pollinators. Used traditionally for canoe building, it is high in wildlife value, as it provides shelter for birds. Its twisted trunks and small, greyish leaves make it standout.
2.70YesNoNoTreeKoaohaAcacia koaiaHI
Pollinator
YellowYesMar–Apr2015Sun, Part ShadeMoistLowSeed
Medium
Native Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies
FabaceaeHI (N)Long
Rounded
No Color
Evergreen
None4–7.4
Medium
Rapid
Year Round
LowNoLow
Low/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food
YesYesHawaiiAcaciakoaiaHillebr.HIDicotFabaceaeFABACEPea family
Fabales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
182080PerennialTreeNoneLowNoNoYesGreenDenseDenseFine
30
Acacia rigidulaACRI1010010No ArticleNo
Thrives best in dry, well-drained soil and full sun, preferring hot climates. Known for its yellow flowers that attract bees, it is pollen-rich. Its leaves have been used in traditional medicines. Provides important shelter and food for wildlife, especially for bird species. Features rigid, needle-like leaves and striking black bark.
1.30NoNoNoTree, ShrubBlackbrush AcaciaAcacia rigidulaTXGreenYesMar–Apr1010SunDryLow
Larval Host (Moth)
Fabaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesSyssphinx helligbrodti
Chihuahuan Deserts-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain
Acacia
rigidula
Benth.
NA (L48)
DicotFabaceaeFABACEPea family
Fabales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
26437Perennial
Tree, Shrub
31
Acalypha rhomboideaACRH1010010No ArticleNo
Loving full sun or partial shade, this hardy gem grows aggressively in moist soils. Its green foliage is host to vibrant, inconspicuous flowers. Pollinated by wind as well as butterflies and bees, it acts as a unique attractant. Wildlife, particularly rabbits and deer, often consume its leaves. A useful ground cover, it also bolsters soil retention in erosion-prone spots.
1.30NoNoNoHerb (annual)Common Threeseed MercuryAcalypha rhomboidea
AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV
GreenYesJun–Nov33SunDry, MoistLow
Larval Host (Moth)
EuphorbiaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Unlikely
Larval Food
YesOrthonama obstipata
Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Piedmont-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Acalypha
rhomboidea
Raf.
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Euphorbiaceae
EUPHORSpurge family
Euphorbiales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28193Annual
Forb/herb
32
Acalypha virginicaACVI1010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in partial to full sunlight, prefering moist, well-drained soils. Attracts various pollinators like bees and butterflies with its rough, hairy stems and clusters of tiny green flowers. Offers shelter and food for wildlife, specifically birds. Traditionally, used for wound healing. A sturdy, deciduous plant generally reaching 1-3 feet in height.
2.50NoNoNoHerb (annual)Virginia Threeseed MercuryAcalypha virginica
AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MO, MS, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WV
RedYesJun–Jul33Sun, Part ShadeMoist, Dry
Medium
Seed, Container, Bare root, Cutting
None Known
Euphorbiaceae
L48 (N)
Single Crown
ErectColor
Deciduous
Medium
None5.9–7
Medium
Rapid
Spring, Summer, Fall
NoneNoNone
Low/Low
Unlikely
Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Piedmont-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Acalypha
virginica
L.
NA (L48)
Dicot
Euphorbiaceae
EUPHORSpurge family
Euphorbiales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28195Annual
Forb/herb
NoneHighNoNoYesGreen
Moderate
Porous
Coarse
33
Acamptopappus shockleyiACSH1010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in hot, dry environments, and prefers full sun. This low-growing shrub produces golden yellow flowers that attract bees, butterflies, and birds. Its dense growth provides cover for small wildlife, while the flowers are edible and can be used in salads. Features slender, silver-gray leaves.
1.70YesYesNoShrubShockley's GoldenheadAcamptopappus shockleyiCA, NVYellowYesMar–Jul32SunDry
Medium
Native Bees; Larval Host (Butterfly)
Asteraceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesCharidryas neumoegeni, Charidryas neumoegeni neumoegeni
Sierra Nevada-Southern California Mountains-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Acamptopappus
shockleyi
A. Gray
NA (L48)
DicotAsteraceaeASTERAAster family
Asterales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
36442Perennial
Subshrub
34
Acamptopappus sphaerocephalus
ACSP1010010No ArticleNo
Thrives best in full sun and well-drained soil. Its golden-yellow flowers attract bees and butterflies, excellent for pollinator gardens. Useful for land rehabilitation and erosion control. Provides cover and food for wildlife. Features round heads of small, brilliant yellow flowers and slender, silvery leaves.
1.70YesYesNoShrubRayless GoldenheadAcamptopappus sphaerocephalus
AZ, CA, NV, UT
Pollinator
YellowNoMay32SunDry
Medium
Native Bees; Larval Host (Butterfly); Larval Host (Moth)
Asteraceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesCharidryas neumoegeni, Charidryas neumoegeni neumoegeni, Coleophora acamtopappi, Cucullia dammersi, Gnorimoschema octomaculella
Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-Madrean Archipelago-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Acamptopappus
sphaerocephalus
(Harv. & A. Gray ex A. Gray) A. Gray
NA (L48)
DicotAsteraceaeASTERAAster family
Asterales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
36443Perennial
Subshrub, Shrub
35
Acer circinatumACCI1010010No ArticleNo
A Pacific Northwest native, loving shady, cool environments. Known for its brilliant red fall colors, it's a feast for bees who love its early-spring blossoms. Its branches and bark were once used by natives for crafting. Birds, mammals, and butterflies appreciate it as a food source and shelter.
2.70YesNoNoTree, Vine, ShrubVine MapleAcer circinatum
AK, CA, OR, WA
Workhorse/Pollinator
Green–White, Red
YesApr–May2015Sun, Part ShadeWet, Moist, DryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root
Medium
Native Bees; Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Aceraceae
L48 (N), AK (N?), CAN (N)
Long
Single Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
None5.5–7.5
Medium
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneYes
Medium
Medium/
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesAmphipyra pyramidoides, Anagoga occiduaria, Antheraea polyphemus polyphemus, Archips rosana, Archips rosanus, Aseptis binotata, Automeris io io, Campaea perlata, Choristoneura rosaceana, Epinotia lomonana, Erannis tiliaria vancouverensis, Erannis tillaria, Eupithecia minturata, Hemileuca eglanterina eglanterina, Iridopsis emasculata, Lambdina fiscellaria, Lambdina fiscellaria somniaria, Lithophane georgii, Lophocampa maculatat, Macaria exauspicata, Malacosoma californicum, Melanolophia imitata, Nadata gibbosa, Neoalcis californiaria, Oligocentria semirufescens, Operophtera bruceata, Pero mizon, Phigalia plumogeraria, Plemyria georgii, Polia nimbosa, Selenia alciphearia, Spiramater lutra, Synaxis jubararia, Venusia pearsalli, Zale lunifera, Zale minerea nordaYes
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Central Basin and Range-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range
Acer
circinatum
Pursh
NA (L48, AK, CAN)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28740Perennial
Tree, Shrub, Vine
NoneHighNoNoYesGreen
Moderate
Porous
Medium
36
Acer floridanumACFL1110410
GroWild, Overhill Gardens, Superior Trees
No ArticleYes
Often called Southern Sugar Maple, it boasts vibrant autumn colors and welcomes bees, butterflies, and birds. Ideally grown in partial shade and moist, well-drained soils, its sap can be used to make syrup. Its seed-filled .helicopters. entertain kids and feed wildlife. Reaches about 20-30 feet tall.
4.50NoNoNoTreeSouthern Sugar MapleAcer floridanum
AL, AR, FL, GA, IL, KY, LA, MO, MS, NC, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA
YellowNoApr–May5040Sun, Part Shade, ShadeWet, MoistLow
Seed, Container, Bare root, Cutting
None Known
WindAceraceae
L48 (N)
Moderate
Single Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
None5–6.5
Medium
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneNoNoneLow/
Available 2017
Yes
High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Cross Timbers-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Piedmont-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain
Acer
floridanum
(Chapm.) Pax
NA (L48)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
183691PerennialTree
37
Acer glabrumACGL1010010No ArticleYes
A tall shrub best in well-drained, acidic soil and full sun, but can tolerate shade. Loved by bees for its clusters of yellow flowers that bloom in spring. Leaves turn beautiful colors in fall. Good for making syrup. Attracts birds, provides shelter and food for wildlife.
3.70YesNoNoTree, ShrubRocky Mountain MapleAcer glabrum
AK, AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NE, NM, NV, OK, OR, SD, UT, WA, WY
Workhorse/Pollinator
GreenNoMay–Jun2015Sun, Part ShadeMoist, Dry
Medium
Seed, Container, Bare root, Cutting
Medium
Native Bees; Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Aceraceae
L48 (N), AK (I?), CAN (N)
Moderate
Multiple Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
None5.8–7.5
Medium
Rapid
Spring, Summer
Medium
YesHigh
Medium/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesHyalophora euryalus, Lithophane georgii, Lithophane innominata, Macaria plumosata, Nematocampa filamentaria, Phigalia plumogeraria, Plemyria georgiiYes
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Canadian Rockies-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Nebraska Sand Hills-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Acer
glabrum
Torr.
NA (L48, AK, CAN)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28742Perennial
Shrub, Tree
NoneHighNoNoNoGreenDense
Porous
Coarse
38
Acer grandidentatumACGR31010010No ArticleNo
A charming addition to your garden, this small tree blossoms with striking red and yellow colors in the fall. It thrives in well-drained soil and partial to full sun. Bees adore its spring flowers. The seeds provide food for birds and small mammals, while its bark can be used for dyeing wool.
2.30NoNoNoTree, ShrubBigtooth MapleAcer grandidentatum
AZ, CO, ID, MT, NM, NV, OK, TX, UT, WA, WY
YellowYesApr–May3025Sun, Part ShadeMoist, DryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root
Low
Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Aceraceae
L48 (N)
Short
Single Stem
Erect
No Color
Deciduous
None6–8
Medium
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneYes
Medium
Low/
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesCaloptilia acerifoliella, Cameraria superimposita, Phyllonorycter pernivalisYes
Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Cross Timbers-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-Northwestern Great Plains-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range
Acer
grandidentatum
Nutt.
NA (L48)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28760Perennial
Tree, Shrub
NoneHighNoNoYesGreen
Moderate
Porous
Medium
39
Acer macrophyllumACMA31010010No ArticleNo
Loves both sunlight and shade, thriving in well-drained soil. This mildly tolerant plant attracts bees, serving as a primary pollen source in early spring. Its large leaves inspire its nickname, Bigleaf Maple. Birds and mammals enjoy its seeds as food. Known for producing valuable, decorative wood, it also offers vibrant fall colors.
2.70YesNoNoTreeBigleaf MapleAcer macrophyllum
CA, OR, WA
Workhorse/Pollinator
Green–Yellow
NoApr–May5040Sun, Part ShadeMoist, DryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root, Cutting
Medium
Native Bees; Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Aceraceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Moderate
Single Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
None4.8–7.2
Medium
Rapid
Spring, Summer
NoneYesHigh
High/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food; Nesting and Structure (Bees)
YesYesYesAcronicta funeralis, Amphipyra pyramidoides, Andropolia aedon, Archips rosanus, Aseptis binotata, Automeris io, Biston betularia cognataria, Campaea perlata, Dasychira vagans, Erannis tiliaria vancouverensis, Fishia evelina, Hypagyrtis unipunctata, Lithophane pertorrida, Lophocampa maculata, Nadata gibbosa, Nematocampa resistaria, Neoalcis californiaria, Oligocentria pallida, Oligocentria semirufescens, Operophtera bruceata, Operophtera occidentalis, Orthosia hibisci, Plemyria georgii, Proteoteras aesculana, Pseudorthodes irrorata, Selenia alciphearia, Spiramater lutra, Sunira decipiens, Synaxis jubararia, Xanthorhoe defensaria, Xylena nuperaYes
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Acer
macrophyllum
Pursh
NA (L48, CAN)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28748PerennialTreeNoneHighYesNoNoGreenDense
Porous
Medium
40
Acer negundoACNE21110520
Archewild Quakertown, Gino's Newtown, Go Native Trees, Heartwood Felton
MidAtlanticNatives.comNo ArticleYes
Thrives in moist, well-drained soil, tolerates various conditions, attracts bees, butterflies, and birds, provides shelter to wildlife, excellent erosion control, yields Boxelder maple syrup, features compound leaves, fast-growing, reaches 30-50 feet, produces greenish-yellow flowers, and samara fruit.
8.750YesYesNoTreeBoxelderAcer negundo
AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY
Workhorse/Pollinator
WhiteNoMar–Apr3025Sun, Part Shade, ShadeWet, MoistHigh
Seed, Container, Bare root, Cutting
Very High
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Nesting and Structure (Bees); Larval Host (Butterfly); Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Aceraceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Short
Multiple Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
Medium
5–7.8
Medium
Rapid
Spring, Summer
NoneYesLow
Low/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food; Nesting and Structure (Bees)
YesYesYesYesYesYesYesAbagrotis barnesi, Abagrotis orbis, Abagrotis reedi, Acleris negundana, Acronicta americana, Acronicta sperata sperata, Adoxophyes negundana, Alsophila pometaria, Amphipyra pyramidoides, Anacampsis niveopulvella, Anacamptodes ephyraria, Anavitrinella pampinaria, Antheraea polyphemus polyphemus, Archips argyrospila, Archips negundana, Archips semiferanus, Automeris io io, Biston betularia cognataria, Caloptilia alnivorella, Caloptilia negundella, Campaea perlata, Chionodes negundella, Choristoneura conflictana, Choristoneura rosaceana, Clepsis persicana, Colocasia propinquilinea, Crocigrapha normani, Datana ministra, Dryocampa rubicunda, Eacles imperialis, Eacles imperialis imperialis, Ectropis crepuscularia, Elaphria festivoides, Ennomos magnaria, Erannis tiliaria, Eupsilia tristigmata, Eupsilia vinulenta, Euxoa tessellata, Glena cognataria, Halysidota tessellaris, Haploa lecontei, Hyalophora cecropia, Hyalophora columbia gloveri, Hypagyrtis unipunctata, Hyphantria cunae, Iridopsis larvaria, Laetilia coccidivora, Lithophane antennata, Lithophane bethunei, Lithophane georgii, Lithophane grotei, Lithophane hemina, Lithophane laticinerea, Lophocampa caryae, Lophocampa maculata, Lymantria dispar, Malacosoma disstria, Melanolophia canadaria, Nematocampa filamentaria, Oiketicus abbotii, Oligocentria lignicolor, Operophtera bruceata, Orgyia antiqua, Orgyia leucostigma, Orgyia leuschneri, Orgyia leuschneri leuschneri, Orgyia leuschneri ringd, Orthosia hibisci, Orthotaenia undulana, Paleacrita vernata, Palthis angulalis, Pandemis canadana, Pandemis limitata, Papaipema cataphracta, Peridroma saucia, Pero morrisonaria, Phigalia titea, Prionoxystus robiniae, Proteoteras aesculana, Proteoteras arizonae, Proteoteras crescentana, Proteoteras willingana, Sabulodes caberata, Satyrium calanus, Schizura ipomoeae, Semiothisa aemulataria, Spaelotis clandestina, Sparganothis pettitana, Spilosoma vestalis, Stigmella apicialbella, Xylena cineritia, Zale duplicata largeraYes
Coast Range-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Canadian Rockies-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Nebraska Sand Hills-Piedmont-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Acer
negundo
L.
NA (L48, CAN)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28749PerennialTreeNoneHighYesNoNoGreenDense
Porous
Coarse
41
Acer nigrumACNI51010010No ArticleYes
Also known as black maple, it gets its name from its dark, furrowed bark. It loves rich soils, partial shade, and damp conditions. It attracts bees, making it an ideal pick for pollinator gardens. The sap can be made into syrup. It's a lifesaver for birds and squirrels during winter as it holds onto its fruit longer than most maples. It flaunts yellow-green flowers in spring and fiery fall colors.
3.30NoNoNoTreeBlack MapleAcer nigrum
AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, MA, MD, MI, MN, MO, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, SD, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV
YellowNoMay–Jun5040Sun, Part Shade, ShadeDry
Medium
Seed, Container, Bare root
Low
Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Aceraceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Moderate
Single Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
None4.5–7.3
Medium
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneYesLow
Medium/
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesCameraria saccharella, Morrisonia confusa, Morrisonia latexYes
Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Piedmont-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
AcernigrumMichx. f.
NA (L48, CAN)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
182135PerennialTreeNoneHighNoNoNoGreenDense
Porous
Medium
42
Acer pensylvanicumACPE1110610
Arcadia Natives Washington, Friendship Farms Latrobe, Gino's Newtown, Go Native Trees, Redbud Media
No ArticleYes
Thrives in moist, well-drained soils, partial to full shade. Attracts bees, butterflies for pollination. Ornamental, erosion control, medicinal uses. Supports wildlife, food source for birds, mammals. Striped bark, green foliage, yellow fall color, small red flowers, winged seeds. Grows 15-30 feet tall, 8-15 feet wide.
6.10YesNoNoTree, ShrubStriped MapleAcer pensylvanicum
CT, GA, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, SC, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV
Pollinator
YellowNoMay–Jun3025Sun, Part Shade, ShadeMoist, DryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root
High
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Aceraceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Short
Single Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
None4.4–6.5
Medium
Slow
Spring, Summer
NoneYes
Medium
High/Medium
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesYesAcronicta americana, Antheraea polyphemus polyphemus, Biston betularia, Ectropis crepuscularia, Eutrapela clemataria, Hyphantria cunae, Lithophane innominata, Lithophane semiusta, Lymantria dispar, Melanolophia canadaria, Morrisonia latex, Orthosia hibisci, Plagodis phlogosaria, Sparganothis pettitanaYes
Piedmont-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Acer
pensylvanicum
L.
NA (L48, CAN)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28754Perennial
Tree, Shrub
NoneHighNoYesNoGreen
Moderate
Porous
Medium
43
Acer rubrumACRU11103110
Arcadia Natives Washington, Archewild Quakertown, Bowman's New Hope, David Brothers Norristown, Edge of the Woods Orefield, Fox Hill Gardens, Friendship Farms Latrobe, Gino's Newtown, Go Native Trees, GroWild, Heartwood Felton, Hungry Hook Bainbridge, Musser Forests Indiana, Overhill Gardens, Redbud Media, Ruffner Mountain Nature Preserve, Superior Trees, The Wildlife Group, Thurlow Tree Nursery
MidAtlanticNatives.comNo ArticleYes
Thrives in moist, well-drained soil; full sun to partial shade; attracts bees, butterflies; provides nesting habitat, seeds for birds, squirrels; vibrant red fall foliage; tolerates wet conditions; used for shade, ornamental value; grows 40-60 feet tall; moderate growth rate; adaptable to various soil types.
7.10YesNoNoTreeRed MapleAcer rubrum
AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV
Workhorse/Pollinator
RedYesMar–Apr4030Sun, Part ShadeWet, Moist, Dry
Medium
Seed, Container, Bare root
High
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Aceraceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Short
Single Stem
Rounded
Color
Deciduous
None4.7–7.3
Medium
Rapid
Spring, Summer
LowYesLow
Medium/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesYesAcleris chalybeana, Acronicta americana, Acronicta retardata, Actias luna luna, Alsophila pometaria, Amphipyra pyramidoides, Anacamptodes ephyraria, Anavitrinella pampinaria, Antaeotricha leucillana, Antheraea polyphemus polyphemus, Archips argyrospila-complex, Archips rosana, Automeris io, Automeris io io, Besma endropiaria, Biston betularia cognataria, Caloptilia aceriella, Caloptilia bimaculatella, Caloptilia speciosella, Caloptilia umbratella, Cameraria aceriella, Cameraria saccharella, Campaea perlata, Catastega aceriella, Choristoneura fractivittana, Choristoneura parallela, Choristoneura rosaceana, Coleophora alniella, Colocasia flavicornis, Crocigrapha normani, Dafa formosella, Dasychira plagiata, Datana ministra, Dryocampa rubicunda, Eacles imperialis, Ectropis crepuscularia, Ennomos magnaria, Ennomos subsignaria, Episimus tyrius, Erannis tiliaria, Eupsilia sidus, Eupsilia tristigmata, Eutrapela clemataria, Halysidota tessellaris, Herpetogramma pertextalis, Heterocampa biundata, Heterocampa guttivitta, Hyalophora cecropia, Hypagyrtis unipunctata, Hypena baltimoralis, Hyphantria cunae, Lambdina fiscellaria, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria, Lithacodes fasciola, Lithophane bethunei, Lithophane grotei, Lithophane innominata, Lithophane laticinerea, Lithophane petulca, Lophocampa caryae, Lophocampa maculata, Lymantria dispar, Macaria pustularia, Machimia tetoriferella, Malacosoma americana, Megalopyge crispata, Melanolophia canadaria, Melanolophia signataria, Metanema determinata, Morrisonia confusa, Morrisonia latex, Nadata gibbosa, Nematocampa filamentaria, Nites betulella, Olethreutes appendiceum, Operophtera brumata, Oreana unicolorella, Orgyia antiqua, Orgyia definita, Orgyia leucostigma, Orgyia leucostigma plagiata, Orthosia revicta, Orthotaenia undulana, Paleacrita vernata, Pandemis lamprosana, Paraclemensia acerifoliella, Parallelia bistriaris, Phigalia titea, Phlogophora periculosa, Phyllonorycter trinotella, Plagodis alcoolaria, Plagodis serinaria, Pococera aplastella, Probole alienaria, Probole amicaria, Prochoerodes transversata, Proteoteras aesculana, Proteoteras moffatiana, Proteoteras willingana, Protoboarmia porcelaria, Schizura ipomoeae, Selenia kentaria, Semiothisa aemulataria, Semiothisa ulsterata, Sparganothis acerivorana, Sparganothis pettitana, Spilosoma virginica, Symmerista leucitys, Synanthedon acerni, Synanthedon acerni buscki, Synanthedon acerrubri, Tetracis cachexiata, Xanthotype sospeta, Zale duplicata largera, Zale lunifera, Zale minerea nordaYes
Coast Range-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Central Great Plains-Cross Timbers-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Piedmont-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Southern Florida Coastal Plain-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Acer
rubrum
L.
NA (L48, CAN)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28728PerennialTreeNoneHighYesNoYesGreenDense
Porous
Medium
44
Acer saccharinumACSA211101110
Archewild Quakertown, Bowman's New Hope, Fox Hill Gardens, Gino's Newtown, Go Native Trees, Heartwood Felton, Musser Forests Indiana, Perennial Gardens New Bloomfield, Redbud Media, Ruffner Mountain Nature Preserve
MidAtlanticNatives.comNo ArticleYes
Fast-growing, large deciduous tree, thriving in moist, well-drained soils, full sun to partial shade. Silver maple attracts pollinators like bees, butterflies, and birds. Offers erosion control, nesting habitat, food for wildlife. Features green leaves with silvery undersides, winged seeds, and yellowish flowers. Valued for ornamental landscaping, wood products.
6.10YesNoNoTreeSilver MapleAcer saccharinum
AL, AR, CA, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV
Workhorse/Pollinator
RedYesMar–Apr5040Sun, Part ShadeWet, MoistLow
Seed, Container, Bare root, Cutting
High
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Aceraceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Moderate
Single Stem
Rounded
Color
Deciduous
Low4–7.3LowRapid
Spring, Summer
NoneYesLow
Low/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesYesAlsophila pometaria, Antheraea polyphemus polyphemus, Automeris io io, Caloptilia packardella, Cameraria aceriella, Cameraria saccharella, Colocasia flavicornis, Colocasia propinquilinea, Dasychira vagans, Eacles imperialis, Eacles imperialis imperialis, Ennomos subsignaria, Episimus tyrius, Erannis tiliaria, Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Euxoa messoria, Heterocampa biundata, Heterocampa guttivitta, Hyalophora cecropia, Hypena baltimoralis, Hyphantria cunae, Lambdina fervidaria athasaria, Lambdina fiscellaria, Leucoma salicis, Lithophane antennata, Lithophane bethunei, Lithophane grotei, Lithophane laticinerea, Lophocampa caryae, Lymantria dispar, Macaria pustularia, Machimia tetoriferella, Malacosoma americana, Morrisonia confusa, Morrisonia latex, Operophtera brumata, Orgyia leucostigma, Orthosia hibisci, Paleacrita vernata, Papaipema nebris, Parallelia bistriaris, Peridroma saucia, Phyllonorycter clemensella, Phyllonorycter lucidicostella, Phyllonorycter trinotella, Proteoteras aesculana, Proteoteras moffatiana, Schizura ipomoeae, Semiothisa aemulataria, Spaelotis clandestina, Sparganothis acerivorana, Sparganothis pettitana, Sunira bicolorago, Synanthedon acerni, Synanthedon acerni busckiYes
Puget Lowland-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Northern Rockies-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Nebraska Sand Hills-Piedmont-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Acer
saccharinum
L.
NA (L48, CAN)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28757PerennialTreeNoneHighYesNoYesGreenDense
Porous
Medium
45
Acer saccharumACSA311101720
Arcadia Natives Washington, Archewild Quakertown, David Brothers Norristown, Fox Hill Gardens, Friendship Farms Latrobe, Gino's Newtown, Go Native Trees, GroWild, Heartwood Felton, Musser Forests Indiana, Overhill Gardens, Perennial Gardens New Bloomfield, Redbud Media, Ruffner Mountain Nature Preserve, Superior Trees
MidAtlanticNatives.com, ToadShade.com
No ArticleYes
Ideal for moist, well-drained soils, providing vibrant fall colors of yellow, orange, and red. Attracts pollinators like bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. Useful for maple syrup production and quality timber. Offers shelter and sustenance for wildlife like squirrels, chipmunks, and birds. Grows up to 100 feet tall.
7.350YesNoNoTreeSugar MapleAcer saccharum
AL, AR, CT, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SD, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV
Workhorse/Pollinator
GreenNoApr–May5040Sun, Part Shade, ShadeDry
Medium
Seed, Container, Bare root, Cutting
High
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Aceraceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Long
Single Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
None3.7–7.9
Medium
Slow
Spring, Summer
NoneYesLow
Medium/
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesYesAcleris chalybeana, Acronicta americana, Acronicta dactylina, Acronicta retardata, Actias luna luna, Alsophila pometaria, Amphipyra pyramidoides, Anacamptodes ephyraria, Antaeotricha leucillana, Antheraea polyphemus polyphemus, Archips cerasivorana, Besma endropiaria, Besma quercivoraria, Caloptilia umbratella, Cameraria aceriella, Cameraria saccharella, Campaea perlata, Catastega aceriella, Choristoneura fractivittana, Choristoneura rosaceana, Crocigrapha normani, Dasychira dorsipennata, Dasychira obliquata, Dasychira plagiata, Dichomeris ligulella, Dryocampa rubicunda, Eacles imperialis, Ennomos subsignaria, Erannis tiliaria, Euclea delphinii, Eutrapela clemataria, Glaucolepis saccharella, Halysidota tessellaris, Heterocampa biundata, Heterocampa guttivitta, Hyalophora cecropia, Hypagyrtis unipunctata, Hypena baltimoralis, Hyphantria cunae, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria, Lithophane antennata, Lithophane bethunei, Lithophane innominata, Lithophane laticinerea, Lomographa vestaliata, Lophocampa caryae, Lophocampa maculata, Lycia ursaria, Lymantria dispar, Lytrosis unitaria, Macaria loricaria julia, Macaria pustularia, Machimia tetoriferella, Macrurocampa marthesia, Malacosoma americana, Malacosoma disstria, Melanolophia canadaria, Morrisonia confusa, Morrisonia latex, Nadata gibbosa, Nematocampa limbata, Olethreutes appendiceum, Olethreutes glaciana, Olethreutes nigranum, Operophtera bruceata, Operophtera brumata, Orgyia antiqua, Orgyia leucostigma, Orthosia garmani, Orthosia revicta, Paleacrita vernata, Palthis angulalis, Pandemis canadana, Pandemis lamprosana, Pandemis limitata, Paraclemensia acerifoliella, Parallelia bistriaris, Peridea basitriens, Peridea ferruginea, Phigalia titea, Phobetron pithecium, Phyllonorycter clemensella, Phyllonorycter lucidicostella, Plagodis alcoolaria, Plagodis serinaria, Pococera asperatella, Probole amicaria, Prolimacodes badia, Proteoteras aesculana, Proteoteras moffatiana, Protoboarmia porcelaria, Pseudosciaphila duplex, Pyrrharctia isabella, Schizura ipomoeae, Schizura unicornis, Sparganothis acerivorana, Sparganothis niveana, Sparganothis pettitana, Spilosoma virginica, Symmerista canicosta, Symmerista leucitys, Synanthedon acerni, Synanthedon acerrubri, Tetracis cachexiata, Tortricidia flexuosa, Tortricidia pallidaYes
Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Piedmont-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Acer
saccharum
Marshall
NA (L48, CAN)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28731Perennial
Tree, Shrub
NoneHighNoNoNoGreenDense
Porous
Coarse
46
Acer spicatumACSP21110110
Go Native Trees
No ArticleYes
A small tree with lovely striped bark and red buds. Perfect for cool, moist, well-drained soils. Attracts butterflies, primarily pollinated by bees. The tree can be tapped for sap, like a maple. Its seeds provide food for birds, making it wildlife-friendly.
3.30NoNoNoTree, ShrubMountain MapleAcer spicatum
AL, CT, GA, IA, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV
YellowNoApr–May2015Sun, Part Shade, ShadeDryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root
Low
Larval Host (Moth); Wind
Aceraceae
L48 (N), CAN (N), SPM (N)
Moderate
Multiple Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
Medium
None4.8–7
Medium
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneYesHigh
Medium/Low
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesAcleris chalybeana, Acronicta americana, Anavitrinella pampinaria, Archips argyrospila, Argyrotaenia quercifoliana, Automeris io io, Dryocampa rubicunda, Halysidota tessellaris, Heterocampa guttivitta, Hyalophora cecropia, Hyphantria cunae, Iridopsis larvaria, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa, Lophocampa maculata, Lymantria dispar, Macaria pustularia, Malacosoma disstria, Olethreutes appendiceum, Orgyia leucostigma, Pandemis lamprosana, Sparganothis acerivorana, Xanthotype urticaria, Zale duplicata largeraYes
Piedmont-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands
Acer
spicatum
Lam.
NA (L48, CAN, SPM)
DicotAceraceaeACERACMaple family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28758Perennial
Tree, Shrub
NoneHighYesNoNoGreenDense
Porous
Coarse
47
Achillea millefoliumACMI21110440
Fox Hill Gardens, Gino's Newtown, Hungry Hook Bainbridge, Tait Farm
ErnstSeed.com, Everwilde.com, IzelPlants.com, PlantMoreNatives.com, SouthernSeedExchange.com, ToadShade.com
No ArticleYes
Ideal for full sun and well-drained soil, this drought-tolerant perennial boasts feathery, aromatic leaves and clusters of small white to pink flowers. Attracts pollinators like bees and butterflies, and supports beneficial insects. Offers medicinal and culinary uses, and provides cover for small wildlife. Grows 1-3 feet tall.
80YesYesYesNoHerb (perennial)Common YarrowAchillea millefolium
AK, AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, HI, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY
Workhorse/Pollinator
WhiteYesMay–Jul32Sun, Part ShadeMoist, Dry
Medium
Seed, Container, Sprig
Very High
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Moths; Butterflies; Nesting and Structure (Bees); Larval Host (Moth)
Asteraceae
L48 (NI), AK (N), HI (I), CAN (NI), GL (N), SPM (NI)
Moderate
Rhizomatous
Erect
No Color
Deciduous
Medium
Low6–8
Medium
Moderate
SpringNoneNoHigh
Medium/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food; Nesting and Structure (Bees)
YesYesYesYesYesYesYesAgrotis volubilis, Chlorochlamys chloroleucaria, Cryptocala acadiensis, Heliothis phloxiphaga, Homorthodes furfurata, Lacinipolia olivacea, Orthodes cynica, Papaipema nebris, Paradiarsia littoralis, Platyptilia williamsii, Pseudorthodes vecors, Sparganothis senecionana, Trichordestra legitima
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-Edwards Plateau-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Canadian Rockies-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Nebraska Sand Hills-Piedmont-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast-Alaska
Landscaping, Erosion Control, Stream Bank Stabilization
Achillea
millefolium
L.
NA (L48, AK, CAN, GL, SPM), HI
DicotAsteraceaeASTERAAster family
Asterales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
35423Perennial
Forb/herb
Low
Medium
NoNoYesGreen
Porous
Porous
Fine
48
Achlys triphyllaACTR1010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in cool, moist, shady places. Known for its powder-like fragrance and unique leaf arrangement - three leaves at each node. Attracts night flies with its white, brush-like flowers. Berries loved by small animals and birds! Ground-cover type growth.
1.30NoNoNoHerb (perennial)Sweet After DeathAchlys triphylla
CA, OR, WA
WhiteYesJun–Jul23Part Shade, ShadeMoistLow
Larval Host (Moth)
BerberidaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesAutographa corusca, Walshia miscecolorella
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range
Achlys
triphylla
(Sm.) DC.
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Berberidaceae
BERBERBarberry family
Ranunculales
Magnoliidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
18813Perennial
Forb/herb
49
Achnatherum hymenoidesACHY1010010WesternNativeSeed.comNo ArticleYes
Loves dry, sunny spots and well-drained soil. Attracts butterflies and other insects. Unique for use in restoration, erosion control, and as a grain for wildlife. Benefits birds and mammals. Tall, with feathery seed heads and narrow, bluish-green leaves. Regrows after fires. Bears edible seeds.
3.50NoNoNoGraminoid (perennial)Indian RicegrassAchnatherum hymenoides
AR, AZ, CA, CO, ID, KS, MN, MT, ND, NE, NM, NV, OK, OR, SD, TX, UT, WA, WY
Workhorse
YellowNoMay–Jun32Sun, Part ShadeDryHighSeed
None Known
WindPoaceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
ShortBunchErect
No Color
Deciduous
Low6.6–8.6Low
Moderate
Spring, Summer, Fall
NoneNoHigh
High/High
Available 2017
Yes
Coast Range-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Nebraska Sand Hills-Northern Glaciated Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-North Central Hardwood Forests-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Achnatherum
hymenoides
(Roem. & Schult.) Barkworth
NA (L48, CAN)
MonocotPoaceaePOACEAGrass family
Cyperales
Commelinidae
Liliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
507943Perennial
Graminoid
None
Medium
NoNoNoGreen
Moderate
Porous
Medium
50
Achnatherum lemmoniiACLE81010010No ArticleYes
Thrives in dry, sunny spots with well-drained soil. Admired for tall, slender stems topped with wispy seed heads that rustle in the wind. Ideal for erosion control. Attracts birds with seeds, and bees for minor pollen. Its dense, fibrous roots are useful for making cordage.
3.50NoNoNoGraminoid (perennial)Lemmon's NeedlegrassAchnatherum lemmonii
AZ, CA, ID, MT, NV, OR, UT, WA
YellowNoJun–Aug32SunMoist, DryHighSeed
None Known
WindPoaceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Moderate
Bunch
Semi-Erect
No Color
Deciduous
None6–7.5LowSlow
Spring, Summer, Fall
NoneNoHigh
Medium/Medium
Available 2017
Yes
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Achnatherum
lemmonii
(Vasey) Barkworth
NA (L48, CAN)
MonocotPoaceaePOACEAGrass family
Cyperales
Commelinidae
Liliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
507945Perennial
Graminoid
51
Achnatherum lettermaniiACLE91010010No ArticleYes
A delight for home gardens, thriving best in dry, sunny spots, this grass attracts birds with its seeds. It grows in clumps with feather-like spikes, adding a wispy texture to your garden. It offers value to wildlife, specifically providing sustenance to grazers.
3.50NoNoNoGraminoid (perennial)Letterman's NeedlegrassAchnatherum lettermanii
AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, UT, WY
YellowNoJun–Aug32Sun, Part ShadeDryHighSeed
None Known
WindPoaceae
L48 (N)
Moderate
Bunch
Semi-Erect
No Color
Deciduous
None6–7.6LowSlow
Spring, Summer, Fall
NoneNoHigh
High/High
Available 2017
Yes
Coast Range-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Northwestern Great Plains-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Achnatherum
lettermanii
(Vasey) Barkworth
NA (L48)
MonocotPoaceaePOACEAGrass family
Cyperales
Commelinidae
Liliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
507946Perennial
Graminoid
None
Medium
NoNoNoGreen
Moderate
Porous
Medium
52
Achnatherum nelsoniiACNE91010010No ArticleYes
Loved for its tall, silver-green stalks that sway in the wind, it thrives in well-drained soils and sunny spots. Particularly appealing to grasshoppers, the plant provides valuable food for wildlife, especially in winter. Features needle-like leaves and fluffy seeds.
4.30NoYesNoGraminoid (perennial)Columbia NeedlegrassAchnatherum nelsonii
AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, SD, TX, UT, WA, WY
YellowNoJun–Jul32Sun, Part ShadeDryHighSeedLow
Larval Host (Butterfly); Wind
Poaceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
ShortBunchErect
No Color
Deciduous
Medium
None6.8–8Low
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneNoHigh
Low/Medium
Available 2017
Larval Food
Yes
Oarisma garita
Yes
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Achnatherum
nelsonii
(Scribn.) Barkworth
NA (L48, CAN)
MonocotPoaceaePOACEAGrass family
Cyperales
Commelinidae
Liliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
507948Perennial
Graminoid
53
Achnatherum nevadenseACNE101010010No ArticleNo
A grass native to Western U.S., it thrives in full sun with well-drained soil, low water requirements. Bees are attracted to its subtle flowers. Used in erosion control due to its deep roots. Birds love its seed heads. Tolerates high alkaline, salty soils, possesses silvery-green blades and airy seed heads.
1.30NoYesNoGraminoid (perennial)Nevada NeedlegrassAchnatherum nevadense
CA, CO, ID, NV, OR, UT, WY
Green–Purple
NoJun–Sep32SunMoistLow
Larval Host (Butterfly); Wind
Poaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Larval Food
YesHesperia uncasYes
Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Southern Rockies-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Northern Basin and Range
Achnatherum
nevadense
(B.L. Johnson) Barkworth
NA (L48)
MonocotPoaceaePOACEAGrass family
Cyperales
Commelinidae
Liliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
507949Perennial
Graminoid
54
Achnatherum occidentaleACOC31010010No ArticleYes
Thrives in sunny, dry areas with well-drained soil. Attracting moths and butterflies with its fluffy white flowers, ideal for wildlife gardens. Notably cold-hardy and drought-resistant, beneficial for low-maintenance landscapes. Many birds seek its seeds, enhancing local biodiversity. Tall feathery stalks provide unique textural contrast in home gardens.
4.30NoYesNoGraminoid (perennial)Western NeedlegrassAchnatherum occidentale
AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NV, OR, UT, WA, WY
YellowNoMay–Jun32Sun, Part ShadeDryHighSeedLow
Larval Host (Butterfly); Wind
Poaceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Moderate
BunchErect
No Color
Deciduous
Low5.7–7.5Low
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneNoHigh
Medium/Medium
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesHesperia nevadaYes
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Southern Rockies-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Achnatherum
occidentale
(Thurb.) Barkworth
NA (L48, CAN)
MonocotPoaceaePOACEAGrass family
Cyperales
Commelinidae
Liliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
507950Perennial
Graminoid
55
Achnatherum pinetorumACPI21010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in well-drained, sandy soils, in full sun. Attracts certain specialized moths as pollinators. Makes a striking garden accent with its tall, slender stalks topped by fuzzy seed heads. Valuable forage for wildlife like deer.
1.30NoYesNoGraminoid (perennial)Pine NeedlegrassAchnatherum pinetorum
AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, UT, WY
Green–Brown
Jun–Aug32SunLow
Larval Host (Butterfly); Wind
Poaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Larval Food
YesHesperia uncasYes
Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Southwestern Tablelands-Northwestern Great Plains-Northern Basin and Range
Achnatherum
pinetorum
(M.E. Jones) Barkworth
NA (L48)
MonocotPoaceaePOACEAGrass family
Cyperales
Commelinidae
Liliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
507954Perennial
Graminoid
56
Achnatherum speciosumACSP121010010No ArticleYes
Known as desert needlegrass, it thrives in dry, sunny areas and well-drained soil. It attracts a variety of pollinators, especially bees. Traditionally used for basket weaving by natives, it provides food and habitat for wildlife. This bushy grass has a beautiful silver-green color and grows 2-3 feet tall.
3.50NoNoNoGraminoid (perennial)Desert NeedlegrassAchnatherum speciosum
AZ, CA, CO, NM, NV, OR, UT
YellowNoMay–Jun32Sun, Part ShadeDryHighSeed
None Known
WindPoaceae
L48 (N)
Moderate
BunchErect
No Color
Deciduous
Low6–7.7Low
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneNoHigh
Medium/Medium
Available 2017
Yes
Coast Range-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Blue Mountains-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Achnatherum
speciosum
(Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth
NA (L48)
MonocotPoaceaePOACEAGrass family
Cyperales
Commelinidae
Liliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
507958Perennial
Graminoid
None
Medium
NoNoNoGreen
Moderate
Porous
Medium
57
Achnatherum thurberianumACTH71010010No ArticleYes
Thrive best in sunny, well-drained spots. Attracts birds and grassland butterflies, serving as a food source. Often used for erosion control and restoration projects due to its hardiness. Provides cover for small wildlife. Excellent for prairie style gardens, it grows tall with feathery plumage and deep green leaves.
4.30NoYesNoGraminoid (perennial)Thurber's NeedlegrassAchnatherum thurberianum
CA, CO, ID, MT, NV, OR, UT, WA, WY
Workhorse
YellowNoApr–May32Sun, Part ShadeDryHighSeedLow
Larval Host (Butterfly); Wind
Poaceae
L48 (N)
Moderate
BunchErect
No Color
Deciduous
Low6–7.5Low
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneNoHigh
Low/Medium
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesHesperia commaYes
Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Northern Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Achnatherum
thurberianum
(Piper) Barkworth
NA (L48)
MonocotPoaceaePOACEAGrass family
Cyperales
Commelinidae
Liliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
507961Perennial
Graminoid
None
Medium
NoNoNo
Gray-Green
Moderate
Porous
Fine
58
Acleisanthes longifloraACLO21010010No ArticleNo
A desert beauty thriving in well-drained soils and partial shade. Its slender, tubular yellow flowers come alive at night, drawing in sphinx moths for pollination. Known as the Angel's Trumpet, its blooms have traditional medicinal uses. Its seeds provide vital nutrition for desert wildlife. The plant displays a delightful spread of about two feet.
1.30NoNoNoShrub, Herb (perennial)Angel's TrumpetsAcleisanthes longiflora
AZ, CA, NM, TX
PurpleYesMay–Sep43SunLowMothsNyctaginaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food
Yes
Southern California Mountains-Mojave Basin and Range-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Cross Timbers-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-Madrean Archipelago-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Acleisanthes
longiflora
A. Gray
NA (L48)
Dicot
Nyctaginaceae
NYCTAGFour o'clock family
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
19547Perennial
Forb/herb, Subshrub
59
Acmella oppositifoliaACOP1010010No ArticleNo
Thrives best in well-drained soils with ample sunlight. Known to attract bees, its vivid yellow flowers add a splash of color to gardens. Traditionally used for toothaches due to its numbing properties. Its seeds provide food for birds, supporting local wildlife. Grows up to 30 cm, forming a mat-like groundcover.
1.50NoNoNoHerb (perennial)Oppositeleaf SpotflowerAcmella oppositifolia
AL, AR, FL, GA, LA, MO, MS, NC, OK, SC, TN, TX
GreenYesJul–Sep22Sun, Part ShadeWet, MoistLowSprig
None Known
Asteraceae
L48 (N)
Long
Stoloniferous
Prostrate
No Color
Deciduous
None5–7.5LowRapid
Summer
NoneNoLow/High
Unlikely
Cross Timbers-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Ozark Highlands-Piedmont-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Southeastern Plains-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Southern Florida Coastal Plain
Acmella
oppositifolia
(Lam.) R.K. Jansen
NA (L48)
DicotAsteraceaeASTERAAster family
Asterales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
182433Perennial
Forb/herb
60
Acoelorraphe wrightiiACWR41110110No ArticleNo
Ideal for warm, dry conditions, Acoelorraphe wrightii thrives in sandy soils and tolerates salt. Attracts birds, which love its small purple fruit. Banshee-like, with thin, fan-like leaves, it's a popular choice for landscaping designs. Its sturdy trunk, which splits into multiple stems, also provides cover and nesting material for animals.
2.30NoYesNoTree, ShrubEverglades PalmAcoelorraphe wrightiiFLGreenNoMay–Oct2010SunWetLow
Larval Host (Butterfly); Wind
Arecaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesAsbolis capucinusYes
Southern Coastal Plain-Southern Florida Coastal Plain
Acoelorraphe
wrightii
(Griseb. & H. Wendl.) H. Wendl. ex Becc.
NA (L48)
MonocotArecaceaeARECACPalm family
Arecales
Arecidae
Liliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
42434Perennial
Shrub, Tree
61
Aconitum columbianumACCO41010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in part shade to full sun, loves moist, well-drained soil. Its vibrant blue-purple flowers attract bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. Traditionally used for pain relief, though highly poisonous if ingested incorrectly. Provides nectar and pollen for wildlife, creating a mini ecosystem. Reaches a height of 3-6 feet with feathery leaves.
2.70YesNoYesHerb (perennial)Columbian MonkshoodAconitum columbianum
AZ, CA, CO, IA, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, SD, UT, WA, WY
Pollinator
VioletYesJul–Aug32ShadeMoistLow
Seed, Container
Medium
Native Bees; Bombus; Hummingbirds
Ranunculaceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Moderate
Single Crown
Erect
No Color
Deciduous
None5.4–7.2
Medium
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneNo
Medium
Low/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food
YesYes
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Canadian Rockies-Northwestern Great Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Driftless Area-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range
Aconitum
columbianum
Nutt.
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Ranunculaceae
RANUNCButtercup family
Ranunculales
Magnoliidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
18416Perennial
Forb/herb
None
Medium
NoNoYesGreen
Moderate
Porous
Medium
62
Aconitum uncinatumACUN1010010No ArticleNo
A woodland perennial, Aconitum uncinatum thrives in moist, well-drained soil and partial shade. Tall, hooded, blue-purple flowers bloom in late summer, attracting bees and butterflies. Deer-resistant and poisonous, it's ideal for naturalizing wooded areas. The plant provides cover and nectar for wildlife, reaching 3-4 feet in height.
1.70YesYesNoNoHerb (perennial)Southern Blue MonkshoodAconitum uncinatum
AL, DC, GA, IL, IN, KY, MD, MO, NC, NH, OH, PA, SC, TN, VA, WV
Pollinator
BlueYesJul–Oct32Sun, Part ShadeWet, Moist, Dry
Medium
Native Bees; Bombus
Ranunculaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food
YesYes
Piedmont-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills
Aconitum
uncinatum
L.
NA (L48)
Dicot
Ranunculaceae
RANUNCButtercup family
Ranunculales
Magnoliidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
18421Perennial
Forb/herb
63
Acorus americanusACAM1110520
Edge of the Woods Orefield, Fox Hill Gardens, Friendship Farms Latrobe, Tait Farm
ErnstSeed.com, Everwilde.com, IzelPlants.com, PrairieMoon.com, ToadShade.com
No ArticleYes
Thrives in wet, swampy conditions, ideal for pond edges or water gardens. Attracts pollinators like bees and butterflies. Fragrant, grass-like foliage grows 2-4 feet tall, with tiny yellow-green flowers on spadix. Provides habitat for aquatic wildlife. Traditional medicinal uses include treating digestive issues, inflammation, and cold symptoms.
5.350YesNoNoHerb (perennial)SweetflagAcorus americanus
AK, CT, DC, DE, IA, ID, IL, IN, MA, ME, MI, MN, MT, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, SD, VA, VT, WA, WI
Pollinator
YellowNoMay–Jun32Sun, Part ShadeWetNoneSprigHigh
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies
Acoraceae
L48 (N), AK (N), CAN (N)
Moderate
Rhizomatous
Erect
No Color
Deciduous
None5.6–7.2
Medium
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneNoNone/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food
YesYesYesYes
Columbia Plateau-Northern Rockies-Central Irregular Plains-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Ridge and Valley-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens-Alaska
Acorus
americanus
(Raf.) Raf.
NA (L48, AK, CAN)
MonocotAcoraceaeACORACCalamus familyArales
Arecidae
Liliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
182561Perennial
Forb/herb
NoneNoYesNoGreenDense
Moderate
Medium
64
Acourtia runcinataACRU31010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in sunny, well-drained locations. Attracts bees with its pinkish-purple flowers, blooming mainly from June until September. Useful for erosion control due to its deep root system. Provides food for local wildlife like birds and deer. Its slender, erect stems reach up to 1.5 meters tall.
1.30NoYesNoHerb (perennial)Featherleaf DesertpeonyAcourtia runcinataTXPurpleApr–May32SunLow
Butterflies
Asteraceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food
Chihuahuan Deserts-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain
Acourtia
runcinata
(Lag. ex D. Don) B.L. Turner
NA (L48)
DicotAsteraceaeASTERAAster family
Asterales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
36455Perennial
Forb/herb
65
Acrostichum aureumACAU31010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in damp, salty soils, making it ideal for coastal gardens. This golden fern draws butterflies, attracting insect life. Traditional medicine values it for treating skin ailments. Supports local wildlife as it provides shelter. A large leafy green that turns golden, hence its name.
1.30NoNoNoHerb (perennial)Golden LeatherfernAcrostichum aureumFL, HIWhiteYesFeb–Nov34SunDry, MoistLow
Larval Host (Moth)
PteridaceaeL48 (N), HI (I), PR (N), VI (N)
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesStathmopoda elyella
Southern Coastal Plain-Southern Florida Coastal Plain
Acrostichum
aureum
L.
NA (L48, GU, PB), HI, PR, VI
FernPteridaceaePTERIDMaidenhair Fern family
Polypodiales
Filicopsida
Pteridophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
17305Perennial
Forb/herb
66
Actaea pachypodaACPA1110210
Gino's Newtown, Keystone Robesonia
AmandasNativePlants.com, Everwilde.com, MidAtlanticNatives.com, PrairieMoon.com
No ArticleYes
Ideal for shade gardens, prefers moist, well-drained soil; attracts bees, butterflies; beautiful white flowers in spring; produces white berries with a black dot, resembling doll's eyes; provides food for birds, small mammals; deer resistant; ornamental value;
4.10YesYesNoNoHerb (perennial)White BaneberryActaea pachypoda
AL, AR, CT, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV
Workhorse/Pollinator
WhiteYesMay–Jun2.52Part Shade, ShadeDryHigh
Native Bees; Bombus; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Moths
RanunculaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food
YesYesYesYes
Middle Rockies-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Piedmont-Western Corn Belt Plains-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Actaea
pachypoda
Elliott
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Ranunculaceae
RANUNCButtercup family
Ranunculales
Magnoliidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
18722Perennial
Forb/herb
67
Actaea podocarpaACPO111010010No ArticleNo
Ideal for shade gardens, this woodland perennial thrives in moist, well-drained soil. Gorgeous white, fragrant flowers bloom in late spring, attracting pollinators like bees and butterflies. Berries provide food for birds and small mammals. Its attractive foliage and 2-3 feet height make it a fantastic addition to borders and naturalized areas.
1.70YesNoYesYesHerb (perennial)Mountain BugbaneActaea podocarpa
GA, IL, KY, MD, NC, PA, SC, TN, VA, WV
Pollinator
WhiteYesJul–Sep43Part Shade, ShadeMoist, Dry
Medium
Butterflies; Hummingbirds
Ranunculaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food
Piedmont-Western Corn Belt Plains-Driftless Area-Central Corn Belt Plains-Northern Piedmont-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills
Actaea
podocarpa
DC.
NA (L48)
Dicot
Ranunculaceae
RANUNCButtercup family
Ranunculales
Magnoliidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
Perennial
Forb/herb
68
Actaea racemosaACRA71110310
Archewild Quakertown, Fox Hill Gardens, Gino's Newtown
MidAtlanticNatives.comNo ArticleYes
Thrives in partial to full shade, moist, well-drained soil. Fragrant, white flowers attract pollinators like butterflies and bees. Deer-resistant, provides habitat for small mammals, birds. Used medicinally for women's health issues. Grows 4-6 feet tall, with arching racemes and toothed, green leaves. Blooms late spring to early summer.
5.50YesYesYesYesHerb (perennial)Black BaneberryActaea racemosa
AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MO, MS, NC, NJ, NY, OH, PA, SC, TN, VA, WV
Workhorse/Pollinator
WhiteYesMay–Jul32Part Shade, ShadeMoist
Very High
Native Bees; Bombus; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Moths; Butterflies; Larval Host (Butterfly); Hummingbirds
RanunculaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Medium
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesYesCelastrina argiolus lucia/neglecta, Celastrina ladon, Celastrina neglectamajor
Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Piedmont-Western Corn Belt Plains-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Actaea
racemosa
L.
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Ranunculaceae
RANUNCButtercup family
Ranunculales
Magnoliidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
Perennial
Forb/herb
69
Actaea rubraACRU21110110
Calyx Native Nursery
AmandasNativePlants.com, PrairieMoon.com
No ArticleYes
Prefers moist, well-drained soil in partial to full shade. Blooms spring to early summer, attracting bees and butterflies. Produces red berries, valuable food source for birds and mammals. Deer resistant. Grows 18-36 inches tall, with white or cream-colored flowers and lacy, green foliage. Use in woodland gardens or shady borders.
3.10YesYesNoNoHerb (perennial)Red BaneberryActaea rubra
AK, AZ, CA, CO, CT, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, MA, ME, MI, MN, MT, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OR, PA, RI, SD, UT, VT, WA, WI, WY
Workhorse/Pollinator
WhiteYesApr–Jun32Sun, Part Shade, ShadeMoist, DryHigh
Native Bees; Bombus; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Moths; Larval Host (Moth)
RanunculaceaeL48 (N), AK (N), CAN (N)
Medium
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesYesEupithecia strattonata
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wyoming Basin-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Canadian Rockies-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Nebraska Sand Hills-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Ridge and Valley-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast-Alaska
Actaearubra(Aiton) Willd.
NA (L48, AK, CAN)
Dicot
Ranunculaceae
RANUNCButtercup family
Ranunculales
Magnoliidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
18723Perennial
Forb/herb
70
Adenocaulon bicolorADBI1010010No ArticleNo
A hidden beauty for shaded, moist areas, it shows off unique white flower clusters that entice small bees. Perfect for wildlife lovers as it's a valuable food source for caterpillars. Its green top leaves contrast beautifully with the silvery-white undersides, making for a dramatic ground cover. No known special uses.
1.30NoNoNoHerb (perennial)American TrailplantAdenocaulon bicolor
CA, ID, MI, MN, MT, ND, OR, SD, WA, WY
WhiteYesMay–Jul22Part Shade, ShadeWetLow
Larval Host (Moth)
AsteraceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesEupithecia formosa
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Canadian Rockies-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Northern Basin and Range
AdenocaulonbicolorHook.
NA (L48, CAN)
DicotAsteraceaeASTERAAster family
Asterales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
36463Perennial
Forb/herb
71
Adenophyllum cooperiADCO21010010No ArticleNo
A perennial shrub, it thrives in dry, rocky soils and full sun. Its bright yellow flowers attract bees, key pollinators. It's used for ground cover in xeriscaping due to its drought tolerance. A food source for local wildlife, it adds a pop of color with its daisy-like flowers.
1.70YesNoNoShrubCooper's DogweedAdenophyllum cooperi
AZ, CA, NV, UT
White–Yellow
YesJun33SunDry
Medium
Native Bees; Honey Bees
Asteraceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food
YesYes
Sierra Nevada-Southern California Mountains-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Adenophyllum
cooperi
(A. Gray) Strother
NA (L48)
DicotAsteraceaeASTERAAster family
Asterales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
185202Perennial
Subshrub
72
Adenophyllum porophylloidesADPO1010010No ArticleNo
Loves sunny, dry places and well-drained soil. Delights butterflies with its yellow flowers in fall. Offers shelter to small critters. Easy on eyes with its needle-like leaves.
1.30YesNoNoShrubSan Felipe DogweedAdenophyllum porophylloides
AZ, CA, NV
YellowNoApr–Jul32SunLow
Native Bees
Asteraceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food
Yes
Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Mojave Basin and Range-Colorado Plateaus-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Madrean Archipelago-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Adenophyllum
porophylloides
(A. Gray) Strother
NA (L48)
DicotAsteraceaeASTERAAster family
Asterales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
185203Perennial
Subshrub
73
Adenostoma fasciculatumADFA1010010No ArticleYes
Thrives in full sun and well-drained soil. Honey bees are its primary pollinators. Traditionally, its stems were used to make instruments and its leaves make great fire starters. Its flowers and seeds serve as food for many wildlife species. Recognizable by its needle-like leaves and small, white flowers.
5.50YesYesNoShrubChamiseAdenostoma fasciculatumCA, NV
Pollinator
WhiteNoApr–May66SunDryHigh
Seed, Container, Bare root
Very High
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Larval Host (Butterfly); Larval Host (Moth)
Rosaceae
L48 (N)
Moderate
Thicket Forming
Semi-Erect
No Color
Evergreen
Medium
4–6Low
Fall, Winter, Spring
HighYesHigh
Medium/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesYesYesArgyrotaenia niscana, Aristotelia adenostomae, Aristotelia eldorada, Aroga eldorada, Chlorosea banksaria gracearia, Hemileuca eglanterina, Hemileuca electra electra, Hulstina wrightiaria, Lacinipolia quadrilineata, Nasusina vaportata, Paleacrita longiciliata, Plodia interpunctella, Pterotaea lamiaria, Satyrium tetra
Coast Range-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Mojave Basin and Range-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Adenostoma
fasciculatum
Hook. & Arn.
NA (L48)
DicotRosaceaeROSACERose family
Rosales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
25090PerennialShrubNoneYesYesNo
Dark Green
Moderate
Moderate
Medium
74
Adenostoma sparsifoliumADSP1010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in full sun and dry soils, perfect for a low-water garden. Attracts bees, butterflies, and birds who feast on its seeds. Great for erosion control on slopes. Features thin, green leaves and wand-like branches speckled year-round with tiny, white, rose-like flowers. Offers unique gray-green color to landscapes.
1.30YesNoNoTree, ShrubRedshankAdenostoma sparsifoliumCAGreenNoMay–Jul66SunDryLow
Bombus
Rosaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food
Yes
Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Mojave Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Adenostoma
sparsifolium
Torr.
NA (L48)
DicotRosaceaeROSACERose family
Rosales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
25091Perennial
Tree, Shrub
75
Adiantum aleuticumADAL1010010No ArticleNo
Prefers shady, moist areas. Known for its delicate, feather-like fronds. Useful as an ornamental plant in damp gardens. Attracts various insects, though not a specific pollinator. Provides habitat for small wildlife. Not known for significant wildlife value. Notable for surviving in tough conditions.
0.50NoNoNoHerb (perennial)Aleutian MaidenhairAdiantum aleuticum
AK, AZ, CA, CO, ID, MD, ME, MI, MT, NV, OR, PA, UT, VT, WA, WV, WY
WhiteNoJun–Oct22ShadeMoist, WetSprig
None Known
PteridaceaeL48 (N), AK (N), CAN (N)
Available 2017
Coast Range-Puget Lowland-Willamette Valley-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Columbia Plateau-Blue Mountains-Snake River Plain-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Northern Rockies-Idaho Batholith-Middle Rockies-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-Northeastern Highlands-Northern Piedmont-North Cascades-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Northern Basin and Range-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast-Alaska
Adiantum
aleuticum
(Rupr.) Paris
NA (L48, AK, CAN)
FernPteridaceaePTERIDMaidenhair Fern family
Polypodiales
Filicopsida
Pteridophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
181788Perennial
Forb/herb
76
Adiantum capillus-venerisADCA1110110No ArticleNo
A delicate fern delighted by shade and moisture, it's ideal for fostering a tranquil garden space. Tiny spores, not insects, play part in its reproduction, making it pollen allergy-friendly. Often used for its purifying properties and can attract small birds that seek cover in its feathery, arching fronds.
1.50NoNoNoHerb (perennial)Common MaidenhairAdiantum capillus-veneris
AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, FL, GA, HI, KY, LA, MD, MO, MS, NC, NM, NV, OH, OK, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA
WhiteNoJun–Aug22Sun, Part Shade, ShadeWet, Moist, DryNone
Seed, Bare root
None Known
Pteridaceae
L48 (N), HI (N), PR (N), CAN (N)
Moderate
Rhizomatous
Erect
No Color
Deciduous
None6–8Low
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneNoNone
Low/Low
Available 2017
Coast Range-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Middle Rockies-Wasatch and Uinta Mountains-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Piedmont-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Southern Florida Coastal Plain-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Madrean Archipelago-Sonoran Basin and Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast-Hawaii
Adiantum
capillus-veneris
L.
NA (L48, CAN), HI, PR
FernPteridaceaePTERIDMaidenhair Fern family
Polypodiales
Filicopsida
Pteridophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
17308Perennial
Forb/herb
NoneNoNoNoGreen
Porous
Porous
Fine
77
Adiantum pedatumADPE11101120
Bowman's New Hope, Diakon Boiling Springs, Edge of the Woods Orefield, Fox Hill Gardens, Gino's Newtown, Heartwood Felton, Hungry Hook Bainbridge, Keystone Robesonia, Redbud Media, Tait Farm
AmandasNativePlants.com, IzelPlants.com, MidAtlanticNatives.com, PlantMoreNatives.com
No ArticleYes
Ideal for shaded areas, this delicate, fern-like plant thrives in moist, well-drained soil, offering a lacy touch to woodland gardens. With its attractive, fan-shaped fronds and arching stems, it provides cover for small wildlife and creates a lush groundcover. No significant pollinators or specific uses, but offers high ornamental value.
4.750NoNoNoHerb (perennial)Northern MaidenhairAdiantum pedatum
AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV
Workhorse
BrownNoJun–Aug22Sun, Part Shade, ShadeMoist, DryLow
Container, Sprig
None Known
Pteridaceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Moderate
Rhizomatous
Semi-Erect
Color
Deciduous
None4.6–6.6High
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneNo
Medium
Available 2017
Middle Rockies-Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-East Central Texas Plains-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Nebraska Sand Hills-Piedmont-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Adiantum
pedatum
L.
NA (L48, CAN)
FernPteridaceaePTERIDMaidenhair Fern family
Polypodiales
Filicopsida
Pteridophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
17311Perennial
Forb/herb
None
Medium
NoNoNo
Dark Green
Moderate
Porous
Fine
78
Aeschynomene americanaAEAM1010010No ArticleNo
Loves warm and sunny locations with moist soil. Attracts bees, a key pollinator. Cherished for its nitrogen fixation ability, useful for soil improvement. Its seeds are favorite meals for various birds, enhancing wildlife value. Yellow flowers and fan-shaped foliage add visual interest.
1.30NoYesNoHerb (perennial)ShyleafAeschynomene americana
AL, FL, GA, LA, MD
White–Pink
YesJun–Nov33Sun, Part ShadeDryLow
Larval Host (Butterfly)
FabaceaeL48 (N), PR (N), VI (I)
Unlikely
Larval Food
YesEurema nicippe
Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Southeastern Plains-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Southern Florida Coastal Plain
Aeschynomene
americana
L.
NA (L48, GU, PB), PR, VI
DicotFabaceaeFABACEPea family
Fabales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
25360Perennial
Forb/herb, Subshrub
79
Aeschynomene virginicaAEVI31010010No ArticleNo
A delicate bloom, perfect for a sunny, wet spot in your garden. Bees and butterflies love its summer-long, yellow flowers. This aquatic 'Sensitive Joint Vetch' has a special role - it stabilizes shorelines and provides shelter for small wildlife. Watch out for height, it can grow up to six feet.
1.70YesNoNoHerb (annual)Virginia JointvetchAeschynomene virginica
DE, MD, NC, NJ, PA, VA
PinkNoJun–Sep33SunWet
Medium
Native Bees; Bombus
Fabaceae
L48 (NI)
Unlikely
Adult Food
YesYes
Piedmont-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Aeschynomene
virginica
(L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
NA (L48)
DicotFabaceaeFABACEPea family
Fabales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
25359Annual
Forb/herb
80
Aeschynomene viscidulaAEVI1010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in sunny, well-drained areas, luring bumblebees with its bright yellow flowers. Excellent as a soil improver, it fixes nitrogen to enhance fertility. A favorite among deer and other local wildlife for feeding. Has slim stems, small leaves, and grows up to 4 feet.
1.70NoYesNoHerb (perennial)Sticky JointvetchAeschynomene viscidula
AL, FL, GA, MS, TX
YellowApr–Sep33SunWet
Medium
Butterflies; Larval Host (Butterfly)
Fabaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food; Larval FoodYes
Eurema daira
Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-Southeastern Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Southern Florida Coastal Plain
Aeschynomene
viscidula
Michx.
NA (L48)
DicotFabaceaeFABACEPea family
Fabales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
25366Perennial
Forb/herb
81
Aesculus californicaAECA1010010No ArticleYes
Thrives in sunny, well-drained locations. With stunning pink-red flowers, it steals the show in spring, attracting bees for pollination. A decoction of its bark can soothe skin irritations. Birds and small mammals are fond of its bountiful seeds. In fall, yellow leaves add to its charm.
5.50YesYesNoTree, ShrubCalifornia BuckeyeAesculus californicaCA, OR
Pollinator
Pink–White
YesJun–Aug2025Sun, Part ShadeMoistHigh
Seed, Container, Bare root
Very High
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Moths; Butterflies; Larval Host (Butterfly); Larval Host (Moth)
Hippocastanaceae
L48 (N)
Long
Single Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
None5.5–7.5Low
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneYes
Medium
Low/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesYesYesArchips argyrospila, Archips rileyana, Argyrotaenia francisana, Celastrina argiolus, Choristoneura rosaceana, Orthosia pacifica, Sabulodes caberata
Coast Range-Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Central California Valley-Southern California Mountains-Central Basin and Range-Mojave Basin and Range-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Southern California/Northern Baja Coast
Aesculus
californica
(Spach) Nutt.
NA (L48)
Dicot
Hippocastanaceae
HIPPOCHorse-chestnut family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28716Perennial
Tree, Shrub
NoneHighNoNoNoRedDense
Porous
Coarse
82
Aesculus flavaAEFL1110710
Go Native Trees, GroWild, Heartwood Felton, Musser Forests Indiana, Overhill Gardens, Redbud Media
MidAtlanticNatives.com, ToadShade.com
No ArticleYes
Thriving in well-drained soils with full to partial sunlight, this large deciduous tree showcases showy yellow flowers in spring, attracting bees and hummingbirds. Its large, palmate leaves provide shade, while the inedible nuts serve as food for squirrels and deer. Ideal for landscaping, though mildly toxic.
5.70YesNoYesTreeYellow BuckeyeAesculus flava
AL, DC, GA, IL, IN, KY, MD, MS, NC, NJ, NY, OH, PA, SC, TN, VA, WV
Pollinator
YellowYesMay–Jun5040Sun, Part Shade, ShadeMoist, DryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root
Medium
Native Bees; Larval Host (Moth); Hummingbirds
Hippocastanaceae
L48 (N)
Long
Single Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
Medium
None5–7High
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneYesLowLow/
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesCameraria aesculisella, Hyalophora cecropia, Hyphantria cunae, Orgyia leucostigma
Piedmont-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
AesculusflavaAiton
NA (L48)
Dicot
Hippocastanaceae
HIPPOCHorse-chestnut family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28717Perennial
Tree, Shrub
NoneHighNoNoYesGreenDense
Porous
Coarse
83
Aesculus glabraAEGL1110610
Friendship Farms Latrobe, Go Native Trees, GroWild, Overhill Gardens, Redbud Media
MidAtlanticNatives.comNo ArticleYes
A deciduous tree, producing yellow-green flowers in spring, attracting bees and hummingbirds. Ideal in full sun to partial shade, well-drained soil. Drought-tolerant once established. Offers wildlife value, providing food for squirrels, deer, and birds. Bark, leaves, and seeds contain medicinal properties. Grows 50-75 feet tall with a 40-foot spread.
7.10YesNoYesTreeOhio BuckeyeAesculus glabra
AL, AR, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SD, TN, TX, VA, WI, WV
Pollinator
Yellow–Green
YesApr–May3035Sun, Part Shade, ShadeMoist, Dry
Medium
Seed, Container, Bare root
High
Native Bees; Bombus; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Larval Host (Moth); Hummingbirds
Hippocastanaceae
L48 (N), CAN (N)
Short
Single Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
None5–7.1
Medium
Rapid
Spring, Summer
NoneYesLow
Low/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesAmyelois transitella, Cameraria aesculisella, Hyphantria cunae, Lophocampa caryae, Orgyia leucostigma, Zeiraphera claypoleana
Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
AesculusglabraWilld.
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Hippocastanaceae
HIPPOCHorse-chestnut family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28718PerennialTreeNoneHighNoNoYesGreenDense
Porous
Coarse
84
Aesculus parvifloraAEPA211101510
Arcadia Natives Washington, Archewild Quakertown, David Brothers Norristown, Fox Hill Gardens, Gino's Newtown, GroWild, Heartwood Felton, Northbrook Natives Kennet Square, Overhill Gardens, Redbud Media, Ruffner Mountain Nature Preserve, Superior Trees
No ArticleYes
Ideal for partial shade, moist, well-drained soil, this deciduous shrub boasts long, showy white flower clusters in summer, attracting hummingbirds and bees. Low maintenance, it provides wildlife habitat and food for deer and squirrels. With a mature height of 8-12 feet, its dark green foliage turns yellow-orange in fall.
4.70YesYesYesYesShrubBottlebrush BuckeyeAesculus parviflora
AL, DC, GA, NJ, NY, PA, SC
Pollinator
WhiteYesJul–Aug1010Part Shade, ShadeMoist
Medium
Bombus; Butterflies; Hummingbirds
Hippocastanaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food
Yes
Piedmont-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau
Aesculus
parviflora
Walter
NA (L48)
Dicot
Hippocastanaceae
HIPPOCHorse-chestnut family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28722Perennial
Shrub, Tree
85
Aesculus paviaAEPA11101310
Fox Hill Gardens, Gino's Newtown, Go Native Trees, GroWild, Heartwood Felton, Meadowsweet Native York, Musser Forests Indiana, Northbrook Natives Kennet Square, Overhill Gardens, Recreative Natives, Superior Trees
IzelPlants.com, MidAtlanticNatives.com
No ArticleYes
Ideal for sunny to partially shaded areas, it boasts stunning red flowers in spring, attracting bees and hummingbirds. This beautiful mid-sized shrub-treat serves as a food source for wildlife, especially squirrels and deer. Its crushed seeds repel insects, making it a natural pest deterrent.
6.10YesNoYesTree, ShrubRed BuckeyeAesculus pavia
AL, AR, FL, GA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MO, MS, NC, OH, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA, WV
Workhorse/Pollinator
Red, Pink
YesMay–Jun2015Part Shade, ShadeWet, Moist, DryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root
High
Native Bees; Bombus; Larval Host (Moth); Hummingbirds
Hippocastanaceae
L48 (N), CAN (I)
Long
Single Stem
Erect
No Color
Deciduous
None3.7–7
Medium
Moderate
Spring, Summer
LowYesLow
Low/Low
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesArchips rileyana
Central Great Plains-Cross Timbers-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Piedmont-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain
AesculuspaviaL.
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Hippocastanaceae
HIPPOCHorse-chestnut family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28723Perennial
Tree, Shrub
NoneHighYesNoYes
Yellow-Green
Dense
Porous
Coarse
86
Aesculus sylvaticaAESY1110210
Go Native Trees
No ArticleYes
Thrives in part shade, with moist, well-drained soil. Attracts bees as primary pollinators. Traditionally used for medicinal purposes. Attracts wildlife, providing food for squirrels and birds. Known for its spring bloom of white flowers and unique, shiny seeds visible in fall. Grows up to 15-20 feet.
4.70YesNoYesTree, ShrubPainted BuckeyeAesculus sylvatica
AL, GA, NC, SC, TN, VA
Pollinator
Yellow–Green, Red
YesApr–May2015ShadeWet, Moist, DryLow
Seed, Container, Bare root
Medium
Native Bees; Hummingbirds
Hippocastanaceae
L48 (N)
Long
Single Stem
ErectColor
Deciduous
Medium
None5–7High
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneYesLowLow/
Available 2017
Adult Food
Yes
Piedmont-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Interior Plateau-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains
Aesculus
sylvatica
W. Bartram
NA (L48)
Dicot
Hippocastanaceae
HIPPOCHorse-chestnut family
Sapindales
Rosidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
28724Perennial
Tree, Shrub
NoneHighNoNoYesGreenDense
Porous
Coarse
87
Agalinis acutaAGAC1010010No ArticleNo
A rare flower, thriving in sandy, acidic soil and full sun. This pink, autumn-blooming beauty has a special talent in luring bumblebees for pollination. It's not just ornamental, it's a vital food source for moth larvae too.
1.70YesYesNoHerb (annual)Sandplain False FoxgloveAgalinis acuta
CT, MA, MD, NY, RI
PinkYesAug–Oct21SunMoist, Wet
Medium
Native Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Butterflies
Scrophulariaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food
YesYes
Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
AgalinisacutaPennell
NA (L48)
Dicot
Scrophulariaceae
SCROPHFigwort family
Scrophulariales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
33009Annual
Forb/herb
88
Agalinis auriculataAGAU31010010PrairieMoon.comNo ArticleNo
Ear-leaved foxglove thrives in full sun, moist to wet soils, and tolerates sandy, loamy, or clay textures. Growing 1-3 feet tall, it boasts tubular pink flowers, attracting hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies. Provides shelter, nectar, and pollen for wildlife. Excellent for rain gardens, stream banks, and naturalizing damp areas.
1.70YesNoNoHerb (annual)Earleaf False FoxgloveAgalinis auriculata
AL, AR, DC, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NJ, OH, OK, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, WI, WV
Pollinator
PurpleYesAug–Sep21Sun, Part ShadeMoist, Dry
Medium
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees
Scrophulariaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food
YesYesYes
Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-Texas Blackland Prairies-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Piedmont-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Erie Drift Plain-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Agalinis
auriculata
(Michx.) S.F. Blake
NA (L48)
Dicot
Scrophulariaceae
SCROPHFigwort family
Scrophulariales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
182269Annual
Forb/herb
89
Agalinis harperiAGHA31010010No ArticleNo
Thrives best in full sun, with well-drained, dry soil. Attracts bumblebees as primary pollinators. Known for its bright pink blooms and thin, loosely organized foliage, it adds delicate beauty to any garden. It provides necessary habitat and food for wildlife, particularly caterpillars.
1.30NoYesNoHerb (annual)Coastal Plain False FoxgloveAgalinis harperi
FL, GA, LA, MS, SC
PurpleYesAug–Oct32SunMoistLow
Larval Host (Butterfly)
Scrophulariaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Larval Food
YesJunonia coenia
Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Southeastern Plains-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain
AgalinisharperiPennell
NA (L48)
Dicot
Scrophulariaceae
SCROPHFigwort family
Scrophulariales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
Annual
Forb/herb
90
Agalinis maritimaAGMA31010010No ArticleNo
Loves sunny, sandy spots near the coast. Attracts bees as primary pollinators. Tiny, bright pink flowers add a pop of color in late summer and fall. An important food source for wildlife, especially finches and sparrows. Its herbal properties are used traditionally for wound healing.
2.10YesYesNoHerb (annual)Saltmarsh False FoxgloveAgalinis maritima
AL, CT, DE, FL, LA, MA, MD, ME, MS, NC, NH, NJ, NY, RI, SC, TX, VA
Pollinator
PurpleYesJul–Oct32SunWetHigh
Native Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Butterflies; Larval Host (Butterfly)
ScrophulariaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesJunonia coenia, Junonia evarete
Western Gulf Coastal Plain-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Southern Coastal Plain-Southern Florida Coastal Plain-Acadian Plains and Hills-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Agalinis
maritima
(Raf.) Raf.
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Scrophulariaceae
SCROPHFigwort family
Scrophulariales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
33008Annual
Forb/herb
91
Agalinis pauperculaAGPA121010010No ArticleNo
A delicate beauty, loves sun-soaked environments with moist, well-drained soil. Bumblebees can't resist its petite pink blooms, ensuring regular visits. A feast for birds as it turns into seed. Unusual addition to wild gardens. Foliage slender, almost ethereal, earning it the nickname ,poor man's agalinis.
1.70YesYesNoHerb (annual)Smallflower False FoxgloveAgalinis paupercula
CT, IA, IL, IN, MA, ME, MI, MN, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, VT, WI
PurpleAug–Sep21SunMoist
Medium
Native Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Butterflies
ScrophulariaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food
YesYes
Western Corn Belt Plains-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Agalinis
paupercula
(A. Gray) Britton
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Scrophulariaceae
SCROPHFigwort family
Scrophulariales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
33031Annual
Forb/herb
92
Agalinis purpureaAGPU51110110
Tait Farm
No ArticleYes
Delicate, purple-pink flowers bloom on slender stems from August to October. Thrives in full sun and moist, well-drained soils. Attracts bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds as pollinators. Valuable nectar source for wildlife. Useful in rain gardens, meadow plantings, and naturalized areas. Grows up to 3 feet tall.
3.10YesYesNoHerb (annual)Purple False FoxgloveAgalinis purpurea
AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, WI, WV
Pollinator
PurpleYesApr–Oct32Sun, Part Shade, ShadeWet, MoistHigh
Native Bees; Bombus; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Butterflies; Larval Host (Butterfly)
ScrophulariaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food
YesYesYesYesJunonia evarete
Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Nebraska Sand Hills-Piedmont-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Agalinis
purpurea
(L.) Pennell
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Scrophulariaceae
SCROPHFigwort family
Scrophulariales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
33007Annual
Forb/herb
93
Agalinis strictifoliaAGST41010010No ArticleNo
Perfect for sunny spots, this slender, attractive plant thrives in moist or wet soil. Fascinating pink, bell-shaped flowers invite butterflies and hummingbirds. Known for its medicinal uses by indigenous cultures, it's a go-to remedy for stomachaches. Its seeds nourish birds, making it a wildlife haven in your yard.
1.30NoYesNoHerb (annual)Stiffleaf False FoxgloveAgalinis strictifoliaTXPurpleYesAug–Oct32SunMoistLow
Larval Host (Butterfly)
Scrophulariaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Larval Food
YesJunonia evarete
Cross Timbers-Edwards Plateau-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain
Agalinis
strictifolia
(Benth.) Pennell
NA (L48)
Dicot
Scrophulariaceae
SCROPHFigwort family
Scrophulariales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
33035Annual
Forb/herb
94
Agalinis tenuifoliaAGTE31010010PrairieMoon.comNo ArticleNo
Slender, delicate, with pink flowers, this annual prefers part to full sun, well-drained soils. Attracting bees and hummingbirds, it benefits pollinator gardens. Ideal for meadows or wildflower gardens, it provides food for wildlife, particularly songbirds. Blooms late summer to fall, reaching 1-3 feet tall. Easy to grow, low maintenance.
2.10YesYesNoHerb (annual)Slenderleaf False FoxgloveAgalinis tenuifolia
AL, AR, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV, WY
Pollinator
PurpleYesAug–Oct21Sun, Part ShadeWet, Moist, DryHigh
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Butterflies
ScrophulariaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Available 2017
Adult Food
YesYesYesYes
Middle Rockies-Southern Rockies-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-Southern Texas Plains-Texas Blackland Prairies-East Central Texas Plains-Western Gulf Coastal Plain-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Nebraska Sand Hills-Piedmont-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Southern Coastal Plain-Acadian Plains and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Agalinis
tenuifolia
(Vahl) Raf.
NA (L48, CAN)
Dicot
Scrophulariaceae
SCROPHFigwort family
Scrophulariales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
33036Annual
Forb/herb
95
Agarista populifoliaAGPO21110410
GroWild, Overhill Gardens, Superior Trees
No ArticleYes
Loves shade and acidic, well-drained soils; it grows up to 15 feet with elegant, drooping branches. Features small, bell-shaped, fragrant flowers attracting bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. Great for hedges or privacy screens, offering berries that birds love. Remember, in spring, it blossoms beautiful white blooms.
4.30NoNoNoShrubFlorida HobblebushAgarista populifolia
FL, GA, NC, SC
GreenYesMar–Aug66ShadeMoistLow
Larval Host (Moth)
Ericaceae
L48 (N)
Available 2017
Larval Food
YesZomaria interruptolineana
Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Southeastern Plains-Southern Coastal Plain
Agarista
populifolia
(Lam.) W.S. Judd
NA (L48)
DicotEricaceaeERICACHeath family
Ericales
Dilleniidae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
23624PerennialShrub
96
Agastache brevifloraAGBR1010010No ArticleNo
Perfect for sunny, dry spots, it boasts long-lasting purple flowers which bees and hummingbirds love. Having a strong mint scent, it's ideal for aroma gardens. Its leaves are edible, often used for seasoning. Stands tall at about 2-3 feet, providing shelter for small wildlife.
1.30YesNoNoShrub, Herb (perennial)Trans-Pecos Giant HyssopAgastache brevifloraAZ, NMPurpleYesApr–Jun32SunLow
Native Bees
Lamiaceae
L48 (N)
Unlikely
Adult Food
Yes
Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-Madrean Archipelago-Sonoran Basin and Range
Agastache
breviflora
(A. Gray) Epling
NA (L48)
DicotLamiaceaeLAMIACMint family
Lamiales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
32432Perennial
Subshrub, Forb/herb
97
Agastache foeniculumAGFO1110840
Archewild Quakertown, Diakon Boiling Springs, Fox Hill Gardens, Gino's Newtown, GroWild, Keystone Robesonia, Overhill Gardens, Redbud Media
AmandasNativePlants.com, ErnstSeed.com, Everwilde.com, PlantMoreNatives.com, PrairieMoon.com, SouthernSeedExchange.com, ToadShade.com
No ArticleYes
A sun-loving perennial, this fragrant plant thrives in well-drained soil, reaching 2-4 feet in height. Its lavender-blue flowers bloom from mid-summer to early fall, attracting bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. Deer-resistant, it offers wildlife value and has edible leaves, often used for tea or seasoning.
60YesYesYesYesShrub, Herb (perennial)Blue Giant HyssopAgastache foeniculum
CO, CT, DE, IA, IL, KY, MI, MN, MT, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NY, PA, SD, WA, WI, WY
Workhorse/Pollinator
BlueYesJul–Oct32Sun, Part ShadeDry
Very High
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Butterflies; Nesting and Structure (Bees); Hummingbirds
LamiaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Medium
Available 2017
Adult Food; Nesting and Structure (Bees)
YesYesYesYesYes
Middle Rockies-Southern Rockies-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Northwestern Glaciated Plains-Northwestern Great Plains-Nebraska Sand Hills-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Lake Agassiz Plain-Northern Minnesota Wetlands-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Piedmont-Ridge and Valley-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Agastache
foeniculum
(Pursh) Kuntze
NA (L48, CAN)
DicotLamiaceaeLAMIACMint family
Lamiales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
32440Perennial
Subshrub, Forb/herb
98
Agastache nepetoidesAGNE21110220
Archewild Quakertown, Hungry Hook Bainbridge
Everwilde.com, PrairieMoon.com, ToadShade.com
No ArticleYes
Tall, green-yellow flowers in summer, ideal in full sun to light shade, well-drained soil. Attracts bees, butterflies, hummingbirds. Aromatic leaves, used in tea. Deer resistant, seeds provide food for birds. Good for naturalizing, borders, and wildlife gardens. Grows 3-6 feet tall, 1-3 feet wide.
6.750YesYesYesYesShrub, Herb (perennial)Yellow Giant HyssopAgastache nepetoides
AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, MA, MD, MI, MN, MO, NC, NE, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV
Workhorse/Pollinator
YellowYesJun–Aug43Sun, Part ShadeMoist, Dry
Very High
Native Bees; Bombus; Honey Bees; Beetles, Wasps, Flies; Butterflies; Monarchs; Larval Host (Butterfly); Hummingbirds
YesLamiaceaeL48 (N), CAN (N)
Medium
Available 2017
Adult Food; Larval Food; Nesting and Structure (Bees)
YesYesYesYesYesYesCelastrina argiolus lucia/neglecta
High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Central Great Plains-Flint Hills-Cross Timbers-South Central Plains-Ouachita Mountains-Arkansas Valley-Boston Mountains-Ozark Highlands-Central Irregular Plains-Piedmont-Northern Glaciated Plains-Western Corn Belt Plains-Northern Lakes and Forests-North Central Hardwood Forests-Driftless Area-Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains-Central Corn Belt Plains-Eastern Corn Belt Plains-Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains-Huron/Erie Lake Plains-Northeastern Highlands-Northeastern Coastal Zone-Northern Allegheny Plateau-Erie Drift Plain-North Central Appalachians-Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain-Northern Piedmont-Southeastern Plains-Blue Ridge-Ridge and Valley-Southwestern Appalachians-Central Appalachians-Western Allegheny Plateau-Interior Plateau-Interior River Valleys and Hills-Mississippi Alluvial Plain-Mississippi Valley Loess Plains-Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands-Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
Agastache
nepetoides
(L.) Kuntze
NA (L48, CAN)
DicotLamiaceaeLAMIACMint family
Lamiales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
32443Perennial
Subshrub, Forb/herb
99
Agastache pallidifloraAGPA1010010No ArticleNo
Thrives in full sun and well-drained soil, showing off pale pink to lavender spikes. A favorite among bees and hummingbirds. Traditional use includes soothing stomach problems. It contributes significantly to wildlife habitats, offering both food and shelter. Has a minty fragrance with gray-green leaves and can grow up to 5 feet.
1.70YesYesYesShrub, Herb (perennial)Bill Williams Mountain Giant HyssopAgastache pallidiflora
AZ, CO, NM, TX
Pollinator
White, Rose–Purple
YesJul–Oct32Part Shade, ShadeMoist
Medium
Native Bees; Butterflies; Hummingbirds
Lamiaceae
L48 (N)
Medium
Available 2017
Adult Food
Yes
Mojave Basin and Range-Colorado Plateaus-Southern Rockies-Arizona/New Mexico Plateau-Arizona/New Mexico Mountains-Chihuahuan Deserts-High Plains-Southwestern Tablelands-Madrean Archipelago-Sonoran Basin and Range
Agastache
pallidiflora
(A. Heller) Rydb.
NA (L48)
DicotLamiaceaeLAMIACMint family
Lamiales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
32444Perennial
Subshrub, Forb/herb
100
Agastache parvifoliaAGPA21010010No ArticleYes
Known for attracting hummingbirds, bees and butterflies, this easy-to-grow plant thrives in full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. Its mint-like foliage and spikes of tiny violet-blue flowers are aromatic, with culinary and medicinal uses. Its dense structure provides cover for small wildlife.
4.30YesNoNoShrub, Herb (perennial)Smallleaf Giant HyssopAgastache parvifoliaCARedYesMay–Jun32Sun, Part ShadeDryHigh
Seed, Sprig
Low
Native Bees
Lamiaceae
L48 (N)
Moderate
Rhizomatous
Erect
No Color
Deciduous
Low5.6–6.2Low
Moderate
Spring, Summer
NoneNo
Medium
Low/Low
Unlikely
Adult Food
Yes
Cascades-Sierra Nevada-Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains-Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills-Central Basin and Range-Klamath Mountains/California High North Coast Range-Northern Basin and Range
Agastache
parvifolia
Eastw.
NA (L48)
DicotLamiaceaeLAMIACMint family
Lamiales
Asteridae
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliophyta
Spermatophyta
Tracheobionta
Plantae
32448Perennial
Subshrub, Forb/herb
None
Medium
NoNoYes
Dark Green
Moderate
Porous
Coarse