of; ~'s (possessive particle)/(used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)/(used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)/(used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的[pi2ge2 de5] "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的|跑堂儿的[pao3tang2r5de5] "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的[xin1 de5] "new one")/also pr. [di4] or [di5] in poetry and songs/, a taxi; a cab (abbr. for 的士[di1shi4])/, really and truly/, (bound form) bull's-eye; target/

you (informal, as opposed to courteous 您[nin2])/, you (Note: In Taiwan, 妳 is used to address females, but in mainland China, it is not commonly used. Instead, 你 is used to address both males and females.)/

to be (followed by substantives only)/correct; right; true/(respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well/(adverb for emphatic assertion)/, variant of 是[shi4]/

le5, liao3, liao3, liao4

(completed action marker)/(modal particle indicating change of state, situation now)/(modal particle intensifying preceding clause)/, to finish/(used with 得[de2] or 不[bu4] after a verb to express (im)possibility, as in 忘不了[wang4bu5liao3] "cannot forget")/(literary) (usually followed by a negative such as 無|无[wu2] or 不[bu4]) completely (not); entirely (not); (not) in the least/to understand clearly (variant of 瞭|了[liao3])/, (of eyes) bright/clear-sighted/to understand clearly/, unofficial variant of 瞭[liao4]/

(pronoun) this; these/(bound form) this; the (followed by a noun)/(bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. [zhei4], esp. in Beijing)/, (coll.) this/

one/single/a (article)/as soon as/entire; whole; all; throughout/"one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1)/also pr. [yao1] for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit/

(third-person singular) (since the early 20th century, usu. male) he; him; his/(bound form) other; another; some other (as in 他日[ta1ri4] and 他人[ta1ren2])/

ma2, ma5, me5, me5

exclamatory final particle/, interrogative final particle/, suffix, used to form interrogative 什麼|什么[shen2 me5], what?, indefinite 這麼|这么[zhe4 me5] thus, etc/, variant of 麼|么[me5]/

to exist; to be alive/(of sb or sth) to be (located) at/(used before a verb to indicate an action in progress)/

used in 自個兒|自个儿[zi4 ge3 r5]/, (classifier used before a noun that has no specific classifier)/(bound form) individual/, variant of 個|个[ge4]/

good/appropriate; proper/all right!/(before a verb) easy to/(before a verb) good to/(before an adjective for exclamatory effect) so/(verb complement indicating completion)/(of two people) close; on intimate terms/(after a personal pronoun) hello/, to be fond of; to have a tendency to; to be prone to/

Na1, Nuo2, na3, na4, nuo2

surname Na/, surname Nuo/, variant of 哪[na3]/, (specifier) that; the; those (colloquial pr. [nei4])/(pronoun) that (referring to persons, things or situations)/then (in that case)/, (archaic) many/beautiful/how/old variant of 挪[nuo2]/

to come/(used as a substitute for a more specific verb)/hither (directional complement for motion toward the speaker, as in 回來|回来[hui2lai5])/ever since (as in 自古以來|自古以来[zi4gu3 yi3lai2])/for the past (amount of time)/(prefix) the coming ...; the next ... (as in 來世|来世[lai2shi4])/(between two verbs) in order to/(after a round number) approximately/(used after 得[de2] to indicate possibility, as in 談得來|谈得来[tan2de5lai2], or after 不[bu4] to indicate impossibility, as in 吃不來|吃不来[chi1bu5lai2])/

(bound form) to demand; to coerce/, to want; to need; to ask for/will; shall; about to/need to; should/if (same as 要是[yao4shi5])/(bound form) important/

(after a suppositional clause) in that case; then/(after a clause of action) as soon as; immediately after/(same as 就是[jiu4shi4]) merely; nothing else but; simply; just; precisely; exactly/only; as little as/as much as; as many as/to approach; to move towards/to undertake; to engage in/(often followed by 著|着[zhe5]) taking advantage of/(of food) to go with/with regard to; concerning/(pattern: 就[jiu4] ... 也[ye3] ...) even if ... still .../(pattern: 不[bu4] ... 就[jiu4] ...) if not ... then must be .../

can; to have the skill; to know how to/to be likely to; to be sure to/to meet; to get together/meeting; gathering/(suffix) union; group; association/(bound form) a moment (Taiwan pr. [hui3])/, (bound form) to reckon accounts/

to reach; to arrive/to leave for; to go to/to (a place); until (a time); up to (a point)/(verb complement indicating arriving at a place or reaching a point)/considerate; thoughtful; thorough/

shui4, shuo1, shuo1

to persuade/, to speak; to talk; to say/to explain; to comment/to scold; to tell off/(bound form) theory; doctrine/, variant of 說|说[shuo1]/

wei2, wei4, wei2, wei4

as (in the capacity of)/to take sth as/to act as/to serve as/to behave as/to become/to be/to do/by (in the passive voice)/, because of/for/to/, variant of 為|为[wei2]/, variant of 為|为[wei4]/

to think (about)/to think of; to devise/to think (that); to believe (that)/to desire; to want (to)/to miss (feel wistful about the absence of)/

to go/to go to (a place)/(of a time etc) last/just passed/to send/to remove/to get rid of/to reduce/to be apart from in space or time/to die (euphemism)/to play (a part)/(when used either before or after a verb) to go in order to do sth/(after a verb of motion indicates movement away from the speaker)/(used after certain verbs to indicate detachment or separation)/

very; quite/(also, often used before an adjective without intensifying its meaning, i.e. as a meaningless syntactic element)/

road; path (CL:條|条[tiao2],股[gu3])/(bound form) way; reason; principle/(bound form) a skill; an art; a specialization/(Daoism) the Way; the Dao/to say (introducing a direct quotation, as in a novel)/(bound form) to express; to extend (polite words)/classifier for long thin things (rivers, cracks etc), barriers (walls, doors etc), questions (in an exam etc), commands, courses in a meal, steps in a process/(old) circuit (administrative division)/

to look after/to take care of/to watch/to guard/, to see; to look at/to read/to watch/to visit; to call on/to consider; to regard as/to look after/to treat (a patient or illness)/to depend on/to feel (that)/(after a verb) to give it a try/to watch out for/

used in 上聲|上声[shang3 sheng1]/, (bound form) up; upper; above; previous/first (of multiple parts)/to climb; to get onto; to go up/to attend (class or university)/(directional complement) up/(noun suffix) on; above/

bar (loanword) (serving drinks, or providing Internet access etc)/to puff (on a pipe etc)/(onom.) bang/abbr. for 貼吧|贴吧[tie1 ba1]/, (modal particle indicating suggestion or surmise)/...right?/...OK?/...I presume./, (onom.) smack!/

(prefix) can; may; able to; -able/to approve; to permit/to suit/(particle used for emphasis) certainly; very/but; however/, used in 可汗[ke4 han2]/

de2, de4, de5, dei3

to obtain/to get/to gain/to catch (a disease)/proper/suitable/proud/contented/to allow/to permit/ready/finished/, used in 得瑟[de4se5]/, structural particle: used after a verb (or adjective as main verb), linking it to following phrase indicating effect, degree, possibility etc/, to have to/must/ought to/to need to/

Huan2, hai2, huan2

surname Huan/, still/still in progress/still more/yet/even more/in addition/fairly/passably (good)/as early as/even/also/else/, to pay back/to return/

Guo1, guo4, guo5

surname Guo/, to cross/to go over/to pass (time)/to celebrate (a holiday)/to live/to get along/excessively/too-/, (experienced action marker)/

right; correct/towards; at; for/concerning; regarding/to treat (sb a certain way)/to face/(bound form) opposite; facing; matching/to match together; to adjust/to fit; to suit/to answer; to reply/to add; to pour in (a fluid)/to check; to compare/classifier: couple; pair/

old variant of 以[yi3]/, old variant of 以[yi3]/, abbr. for Israel 以色列[Yi3 se4 lie4]/, to use/by means of/according to/in order to/because of/at (a certain date or place)/

variant of 裡|里[li3]/, lining/interior/inside/internal/also written 裏|里[li3]/, Li (surname)/, li, ancient measure of length, approx. 500 m/neighborhood/ancient administrative unit of 25 families/(Tw) borough, administrative unit between the township 鎮|镇[zhen4] and neighborhood 鄰|邻[lin2] levels/

surname Ye/, also; too; as well; (not ...) either/(used after a verbal or nominal expression X to indicate that X is an extreme or unexpected case) even (X)/(literary) particle having functions similar to 啊[a5]/

咊, 和, 和, 和, 和, 和, 和, 龢

he2, He2, he2, he4, hu2, huo2, huo4, he2

old variant of 和[he2]/, surname He/, (joining two nouns) and; together with; with (Taiwan pr. [han4])/(math.) sum/to make peace/(sports) to draw; to tie/(bound form) harmonious/(bound form) Japan; Japanese/, to compose a poem in reply (to sb's poem) using the same rhyme sequence/to join in the singing/to chime in with others/, to complete a set in mahjong or playing cards/, to combine a powdery substance (flour, plaster etc) with water/Taiwan pr. [huo4]/, to mix (ingredients) together/to blend/classifier for rinses of clothes/classifier for boilings of medicinal herbs/, (literary) harmonious (variant of 和[he2])/

interjection of surprise/Ah!/Oh!/, interjection expressing doubt or requiring answer/Eh?/what?/, interjection of surprise or doubt/Eh?/My!/what's up?/, interjection or grunt of agreement/uhm/Ah, OK/expression of recognition/Oh, it's you!/, modal particle ending sentence, showing affirmation, approval, or consent/

to make; to produce/to write; to compose/to do; to engage in; to hold (a party etc)/(of a person) to be (an intermediary, a good student etc); to become (husband and wife, friends etc)/(of a thing) to serve as; to be used for/to assume (an air or manner)/

down/downwards/below/lower/later/next (week etc)/second (of two parts)/to decline/to go down/to arrive at (a decision, conclusion etc)/measure word to show the frequency of an action/

to hold; to grasp/to hold a baby in position to help it urinate or defecate/handlebar/classifier: handful, bundle, bunch/classifier for things with handles/(used to put the object before the verb: 把[ba3] + {noun} + {verb})/, handle/

to yield/to permit/to let sb do sth/to have sb do sth/to make sb (feel sad etc)/by (indicates the agent in a passive clause, like 被[bei4])/

to/for/for the benefit of/to give/to allow/to do sth (for sb)/(grammatical equivalent of 被)/(grammatical equivalent of 把)/(sentence intensifier)/, to supply/to provide/

surname Xie/, to thank/(bound form) to apologize/(bound form) to decline; to refuse/(bound form) (of flowers, leaves etc) to wither/

son/child/seed/egg/small thing/1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight, 11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the rat/viscount, fourth of five orders of nobility 五等爵位[wu3deng3 jue2wei4]/ancient Chinese compass point: 0° (north)/subsidiary; subordinate; (prefix) sub-/, noun suffix, as in 椅子[yi3zi5] "chair"/

to rise/to raise/to get up/to set out/to start/to appear/to launch/to initiate (action)/to draft/to establish/to get (from a depot or counter)/verb suffix, to start/starting from (a time, place, price etc)/classifier for occurrences or unpredictable events: case, instance/classifier for groups: batch, group/

zhi1, zhi3, zhi3, zhi1, zhi3, zhi1

variant of 隻|只[zhi1]/, only; merely; just/, variant of 只[zhi3]/, grain that has begun to ripen/, variant of 只[zhi3]/, classifier for birds and certain animals, one of a pair, some utensils, vessels etc/

to touch briefly; to tap/to mark with a dot; to check off (on a list)/to order (food etc); to select/to mention; to bring up (a topic or person)/to hint at; to imply/to administer (eye medicine etc) in drops/to light (a fire, a lamp etc); to ignite/to nod (one's head) in agreement; to beckon by moving (one's hand) up and down/point; dot; spot; speck/dot stroke in Chinese characters/(math.) decimal point/point in time or space/(after a number) o'clock/a small amount; a bit; (after a verb or adjective) a bit more/classifier for small amounts/

to open (transitive or intransitive)/(of ships, vehicles, troops etc) to start/to turn on; to put in operation; to operate; to run/to boil/to write out (a prescription, check, invoice etc)/(directional complement) away; off/carat (gold)/abbr. for Kelvin, 開爾文|开尔文[Kai1er3wen2]/abbr. for 開本|开本[kai1ben3], book format/

zhao1, zhao2, zhe5, zhuo2

a move in chess (Taiwan pr. [zhuo2])/trick; tactic/(dialect) okay; all right/(dialect) to put in; to add/, to touch/to come in contact with/to feel/to be affected by/to catch fire/to burn/(coll.) to fall asleep/(after a verb) hitting the mark/succeeding in/, aspect particle indicating action in progress or ongoing state/, to wear (clothes)/to contact/to use/to apply/

to go out; to come out/to arise; to occur/to produce; to yield/to go beyond; to exceed/(used after a verb to indicate an outward direction or a positive result)/classifier for dramas, plays, operas etc/, variant of 出[chu1] (classifier for plays or chapters of classical novels)/

many; much; more; a lot of/too many; in excess/(after a numeral) ... odd/how (to what extent) (Taiwan pr. [duo2])/(bound form) multi-; poly-/

Hou4, hou4, hou4

surname Bie/, to leave; to part (from)/(literary) to differentiate; to distinguish/(dialect) to turn away; to turn aside; to avert (one's face, gaze etc)/(bound form) other; another; different/don't ...!/to fasten with a pin or clip/to stick in; to insert (in order to hinder movement)/(noun suffix) category (as in 性別|性别[xing4bie2], 派別|派别[pai4bie2])/, to make sb change their ways, opinions etc/

big; large; great/older (than another person)/eldest (as in 大姐[da4jie3])/greatly; freely; fully/(dialect) father/(dialect) uncle (father's brother)/, see 大夫[dai4 fu5]/

actually/place/classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions etc/that which/particle introducing a relative clause or passive/CL:個|个[ge4]/

used in 傢伙|家伙[jia1huo5] and 傢俱|家俱[jia1ju4]/, home/family/(polite) my (sister, uncle etc)/classifier for families or businesses/refers to the philosophical schools of pre-Han China/noun suffix for a specialist in some activity, such as a musician or revolutionary, corresponding to English -ist, -er, -ary or -ian/CL:個|个[ge4]/

Italy; Italian (abbr. for 意大利[Yi4 da4 li4])/, idea/meaning/thought/to think/wish/desire/intention/to expect/to anticipate/

dialect/language/spoken words/speech/talk/words/conversation/what sb said/CL:種|种[zhong3],席[xi2],句[ju4],口[kou3],番[fan1]/, old variant of 話|话[hua4]/

to circle/to go back/to turn around/to answer/to return/to revolve/Hui ethnic group (Chinese Muslims)/time/classifier for acts of a play/section or chapter (of a classic book)/, to curve/to return/to revolve/, variant of 迴|回[hui2]/

should/ought to/probably/must be/to deserve/to owe/to be sb's turn to do sth/that/the above-mentioned/

particle indicating that a previously asked question is to be applied to the preceding word ("What about ...?", "And ...?")/particle for inquiring about location ("Where is ...?")/particle signaling a pause, to emphasize the preceding words and allow the listener time to take them on board ("ok?", "are you with me?")/(at the end of a declarative sentence) particle indicating continuation of a state or action/particle indicating strong affirmation/, dense wool fabric (used for coats and jackets)/

again; once more; re-/further; beyond this point of time/(before an adjective) more/then (after sth, and not until then)/no matter how ... (followed by an adjective or verb, and then (usually) 也[ye3] or 都[dou1] for emphasis)/(used to introduce additional information, as in 再則|再则[zai4ze2], 再就是[zai4jiu4shi4] etc)/(literary) to reappear; to reoccur/

smile (archaic)/, to listen to; to hear/to heed; to obey/a can (loanword from English "tin")/classifier for canned beverages/to let be; to allow (Taiwan pr. [ting4])/(literary) to administer; to deal with (Taiwan pr. [ting4])/

surname Jing/, classics/sacred book/scripture/to pass through/to undergo/to bear/to endure/warp (textile)/longitude/menstruation/channel (TCM)/abbr. for economics 經濟|经济[jing1 ji4]/

variant of 最[zui4]/, old variant of 最[zui4]/, (before an adjective or verb) to the highest degree; (the) most ...; -est/(after 之[zhi1]) best or most extreme example (e.g. 世界之最[shi4jie4 zhi1 zui4] "the greatest in the world")/

to walk/to go/to run/to move (of vehicle)/to visit/to leave/to go away/to die (euph.)/from/through/away (in compound verbs, such as 撤走[che4 zou3])/to change (shape, form, meaning)/