| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | AA | AB | AC | AD | AE | AF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | This document describes the math behind the quantitative analyses in this paper: https://www.overleaf.com/project/60662ba7489d2a1c144599f0. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 | There are four main columns (B through E). They describe different stages of adoption. The main analysis is the global scale (column E). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | Gini index chart can be found here: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1chTwRD9Cl_Ey3whrXQb5sGcJg_FrWOy7Msk0juB-N5A/edit#gid=2102902907 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | Constants are in yellow background | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | Derived values have a white background | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7 | INDEPENDENT VARIABLES ABOUT THE XYLEM SYSTEM | Early adoption | Trust building | Broadening reach | Global scale | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
8 | Actual tx per year for estimate | 1,000 | 1,000,000 | 1,000,000,000 | 1,094,000,000,000 | https://www.consultancy.uk/news/25975/global-market-size-of-digital-payments-industry-soares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 | How many TMs | 5 | 50 | 500 | 50000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
10 | How many BCs | 5 | 50 | 500 | 50000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
11 | Estimate of what percent of a computers time is required to run system | 1 | 1 | 1 | 27.75240994 | The global throughput of actual transactions is about 27% of Xylem capacity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12 | How many TMs (FTE) | 0.05 | 0.5 | 5 | 13876.20497 | transaction maker FTE (What is the equivalent number of computers that would be 100% employed being a TM) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
13 | How many BCs (FTE) | 0.05 | 0.5 | 5 | 13876.20497 | blockchecker FTE (What is the equivalent number of computers that would be 100% employed being a BC) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
14 | How many Notaries | 100 | 10,000 | 1,000,000 | 1,000,000,000 | notaries | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
16 | How much US$ is 1Xyla worth | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 | Hours per year | 8760 | 8760 | 8760 | 8760 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 | Xylem Energy per transaction | 39,533.90 | 74.08 | 0.11 | 0.06 | Wh | (energy per hour * hours per year / transactions per year) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
24 | Annual keeper salary (USD) | $2,000.00 | $2,000.00 | $2,000.00 | $2,000.00 | (based on $15/month for mobile service and the fact that if the notary value goes above that, people will sign up for multiple devices) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
25 | Annual notary salary (USD) | $175.00 | $175.00 | $175.00 | $175.00 | (based on $15/month for mobile service and the fact that if the notary value goes above that, people will sign up for multiple devices) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
26 | Cumulative Annual keeper salary (USD value, even though paid in Xyla) | $20,000.00 | $200,000.00 | $2,000,000.00 | $200,000,000.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
27 | Cumulative Annual notary salary (USD value, even though paid in Xyla) | $17,500.00 | $1,750,000.00 | $175,000,000.00 | $175,000,000,000.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
28 | Cumulative Annual keeper salary (Xyla) | 2,000,000.00 | 1,000,000.00 | 4,000,000.00 | 200,000,000.00 | cumulative for all notaries | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
29 | Cumulative Annual notary salary (Xyla) | 1,750,000.00 | 8,750,000.00 | 350,000,000.00 | 175,000,000,000.00 | cumulative for all notaries | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
30 | Money coming in: Total tx fees from the 2% of the tx themselves | $160.80 | $160,800.00 | $160,800,000.00 | $175,915,200,000.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
31 | Money going out: (salaries for keepers and notaries) | $37,500.00 | $1,950,000.00 | $177,000,000.00 | $175,200,000,000.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
32 | Subsidy needed (USD) | $37,339.20 | $1,789,200.00 | $16,200,000.00 | -$715,200,000.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
33 | Subsidy needed (Xyla) | 3,733,920.00 | 8,946,000.00 | 32,400,000.00 | -715,200,000.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
34 | Reward model | TBD | TBD | TBD | 0.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
35 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
36 | Payments per year | 200.00 | 2,000.00 | 630.72 | 0.63 | notarization acts/ notaries | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
37 | Total size of blockchain that year (Bytes) | 3560000 | 1031536000 | 1000031536000 | 1.094E+15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
38 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
39 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
41 | SOME ASSUMPTIONS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
42 | Total number of keepers (individual entities) | 10 | 100 | 1000 | 100000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
43 | Total number of keepers (FTE) | 0.1 | 1 | 10 | 27752.40994 | keepers | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
44 | Subcommittee BCs | 5 | 10 | 10 | 10 | blockcheckers in a subcommittee | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
45 | Subcommittee Notaries | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | notaries in a subcommittee | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
46 | fraction of subcommittee BCs/Notaries that need to sign | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
47 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
48 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
49 | DATA ABOUT REAL-WORLD ENERGY USAGE AND OTHER STATISTICS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
50 | Energy to send text message | 11.19 | 11.19 | 11.19 | 11.19 | joules | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/1/184 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
51 | Energy to receive text message | 7.36 | 7.36 | 7.36 | 7.36 | joules | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/1/184 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
52 | Network message energy to send and receive | 0.0000052 | 0.0000052 | 0.0000052 | 0.0000052 | kWh | Two lines above added and converted to kwh here https://www.google.com/search?q=joules+to+kwh&oq=joules+to+kwh&aqs=chrome..69i57j6j0i512l4.2680j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
53 | Energy used per computer (expenditure of running computer) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | kW | https://www.energuide.be/en/questions-answers/how-much-power-does-a-computer-use-and-how-much-co2-does-that-represent/54/#:~:text=A%20desktop%20uses%20an%20average,used%2C%20depending%20on%20the%20model. | Aug 4, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
54 | Traffic load (Redundancy of Gossip protocol) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | kW | https://jisajournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/1869-0238-4-14 | Aug 4, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
55 | Wattage for smartphone | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | W | https://www.zdnet.com/article/heres-how-much-it-costs-to-charge-a-smartphone-for-a-year/ | Aug 4, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
56 | World population | 7,970,000,000 | 7,970,000,000 | 7,970,000,000 | 7,970,000,000 | people | https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
57 | Percent of population with gigabit internet | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | percent | https://gigabitmonitor.com/ | Aug 4, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
58 | Percent of gigabit who use fiber (hence fast upload too) | 24.74 | 24.74 | 24.74 | 24.74 | percent | https://gigabitmonitor.com/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
59 | Total people with gigabit upload | 374,637,820.00 | 374,637,820.00 | 374,637,820.00 | 374,637,820.00 | people | Calculated from above | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
60 | Smartphone subcribers | 6,570,000,000 | 6,570,000,000 | 6,570,000,000 | 6,570,000,000 | https://www.statista.com/statistics/330695/number-of-smartphone-users-worldwide/ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
61 | Second per year | 31,536,000 | 31,536,000 | 31,536,000 | 31,536,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
62 | Gigajoules per car (for comparison to the total energy required for the system in its early stages) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | http://vaclavsmil.com/wp-content/uploads/17.MOBILESCARS.pdf | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
63 | Wh per car | 28000000 | 28000000 | 28000000 | 28000000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
64 | Total energy required by the system | 39,533,897.52 | 74,083,320.00 | 107,369,568.00 | 66,389,576,590.22 | Wh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
65 | Embodied energy required to operate the system (compared to the embodied energy in cars) | 1.411924911 | 2.645832857 | 3.834627429 | 2371.056307 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
66 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
67 | SCALABILITY CALCULATIONS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
68 | Calculations to support \section{Transaction and Block Size Calculations} in https://www.overleaf.com/project/60662ba7489d2a1c144599f0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
69 | Percent of world population who could be Keepers | 4.7006 | 4.7006 | 4.7006 | 4.7006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
70 | Percent of world population who could be notaries | 82.43412798 | 82.43412798 | 82.43412798 | 82.43412798 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
71 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
72 | Transaction size (bitcoin size plus some other things) | 1,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | bytes | Bitcoin is 300-600, plus some extra, see paper for details. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
73 | Seconds per block | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | This is how long we want it to take. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
74 | Keeper internet speed (upload and download) | 1,000,000,000 | 1,000,000,000 | 1,000,000,000 | 1,000,000,000 | bits/second | Assuming Keepers have Gigabit Internet | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
75 | Keeper internet speed (upload and download) | 125,000,000 | 125,000,000 | 125,000,000 | 125,000,000 | bytes/second | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76 | How many transactions per second could Keepers gossip | 125,000.00 | 125,000.00 | 125,000.00 | 125,000.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
77 | Notary signature | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | bytes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
78 | Additional transaction output to notary (notary address + amount of payment + label/transaction ID) | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | bytes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
79 | Number of BC and Notary signatures per block | 22.50 | 25.00 | 25.00 | 25.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
80 | How many bytes to for closing the block? | 2,880.00 | 3,200.00 | 3,200.00 | 3,200.00 | bytes per block | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
81 | What % of total block size is the block signing content vs transactions | 0.00002303946917 | 0.00002559934466 | 0.00002559934466 | 0.00002559934466 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
82 | Transactions per second, was going to round down but the block signature is so small it's trivial) | 125,000.00 | 125,000.00 | 125,000.00 | 125,000.00 | block overhead is trivial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
83 | Transactions per block | 125,000.00 | 125,000.00 | 125,000.00 | 125,000.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
84 | Time of system that each tx is responsible for | 0.000000002222222222 | 0.000000002222222222 | 0.000000002222222222 | 0.000000002222222222 | hours | 1 / #tx / 60 seconds per minute / 60 minutes per hour | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
85 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
86 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
87 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
88 | Block size | 125,000,000.00 | 125,000,000.00 | 125,000,000.00 | 125,000,000.00 | bytes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
89 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
91 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
92 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
93 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
94 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
95 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97 | Max tx per year | 3,942,000,000,000.00 | 3,942,000,000,000.00 | 3,942,000,000,000.00 | 3,942,000,000,000.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
98 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
99 | Actual tx per hour | 0.11 | 114.16 | 114,155.25 | 124,885,844.75 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
100 | TRANSACTIONS PER SECOND COMPARISON |