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Cost-effectiveness estimatesLiving Goods
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Summary cost per DALY calculation
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ItemBurkina FasoKeyna Uganda
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Number of baseline coverage21,8543,743516,111
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Number of endline coverage 80,895 437,768 1,021,698
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Number of additional under five children treated 59,041 434,025 505,587
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Estimated number of diarrhoea cases treated 23,374 171,825 200,155
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Estimated number of pneumonia cases treated 1,973 14,505 16,896
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Estimated number of malaria cases treated 33,694 247,696 288,536
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Number of pregnancy registration completed 16,406 49,735 36,011
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Number of maternal death averted 12 22 18
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Number of under five death averted 33 450 350
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Remaining life expectancy at the age of pregnancy related death
 25 24 24
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Number of DALYs averted from maternal mortality 293 534 444
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Life expectancy of under five 28 28 29
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Number of DALYs averted from mortality among under five
 947 12,830 9,972
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Total DALYs averted 1,240 13,363 10,417
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Total costs of the interventions 114,345 105,590 1,089,767
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Cost per DALY averted US$928105
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Cost per DALY averted without discounting US$44445
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Note: Data in rows 13–22 are sourced from or rely on data from the 2024 version of the Living Goods Impact Tool. The tool has since been redesigned with updated methodology in collaboration with our health economist and is currently undergoing internal validation. These figures were not subject to the updated validation process prior to being shared with The Life You Can Save.
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Monitoring data
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Countries
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202420242024
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Burkina FasoKenyaUgandaComments
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Name of the programme Living Goods (no specific program name)
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Brief description of the programmeLiving Goods equips community health workers (CHWs) to deliver RMNCH care and partners with African governments to strengthen their community health programs.
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Objective of the programmeTo deliver high-quality, data-driven community healthcare and build stronger, government-led community health systems.
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Outcome descriptionReduced morbidity/mortality and increased government ownership/investment in community health for greater sustainability.
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Target group (age specific/description)Living Goods primarily targets under-5 children and women of reproductive age (15-49).
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Total Target Population by age group/target group in number85,238 sick children in Burkina Faso in 2024. Please note Living Goods does not break out the target number of women of reproductive age, but instead target the number of pregnancy registrations (13,565 in 2024). CHWs are not currently providing family planning services in our Burkina Faso program.793,922 sick children in Kenya in 2024. Please note Living Goods does not break out the target number of women of reproductive age, but instead target the number of pregnancy registrations (58,295) and couple years protection (268,656).727,056 sick children in Uganda in 2024. Please note Living Goods does not break out the target number of women of reproductive age, but instead target the number of pregnancy registrations (38,610) and couple years protection (89,100).
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Number of population reached for each groupLiving Goods reached 487,800 people in Burkina Faso in 2024.Living Goods 2,695,040 people in Kenya in 2024.We reached 1,418,400 people in Uganda in 2024.
Kenya: 2024 service volumes may be modestly under-reported due to the nationwide transition to the Ministry of Health’s eCHIS platform and some associated reporting downtime.
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Gender distribution of the beneficiariesAcross their programs, Living Goods estimates about 84% female and 16% male beneficiaries.
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Programme start date202320152008
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Duration of the programme (years)21017
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List of outcome indicators (prevention of morbidity / mortality)
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 Indicator 1
Under-5 sick child treatments or referrals for malaria, pneumonia, and diarrhea
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 Indicator 2Pregnancy registrations
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 Indicator 3Couple years protection
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Baseline status of the outcome indicators
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 Indicator 12023: 14.7 U5 sick child treatments per month per CHW; 21,854 total2015: 3,743 U5 sick child treatments total2015: 516,111 U5 sick child treatments totalPlease note for baseline indicators Living Goods used the earliest year where they have data easily available from their programs: this was 2023 for Burkina Faso and 2015 for Kenya and Uganda.
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 Indicator 22023: 2.6 pregnancy registrations per month per CHW; 6,906 total2015: 2,253 pregnancy registrations total2015: 151,448 pregnancy registrations total
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 Indicator 3N/A2019: 2,828 couple years protection total2019: 22,157 couple years protection total
Burkina Faso: Not all indicators were available throughout 2024 while new digital tools and reporting systems were being rolled out.
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Endline status of the outcome indicators after evaluation or effect size of the programme after evaluation
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 Indicator 12024: 19 U5 sick child treatments per month per CHW; 80,895 total2024: 7.9 U5 sick child treatments per month per CHW; 437,768 total2024: 33 U5 sick child treatments per month per CHW; 1,021,698 total
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 Indicator 22024: 3.5 pregnancy registrations per month per CHW; 23,312 total2024: 1 pregnancy registration per month per CHW; 51,988 total2024: 1.2 pregnancy registrations per month per CHW; 36,011 total
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 Indicator 3N/A2024: 2.3 couple years protection per month per CHW; 134,922 total2024: 4.6 couple years protection per month per CHW; 132,499 total
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Cost of the programme/intervention in details
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Total Program Costs per Average Number of CHWs per learning site$3,452 $1,904 $2,140 Costs under this row relate to the Total Program Costs per Average Number of CHWs per learning site. (Total Program Cost = DESC components + Program Management and Program Administration costs). The costs in Row 29 and 30 are specific to the cost of digital equipment and cost of commodities/supplies for the learning sites respectively.
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Cost of capital items$79,860 $30,069 $79,493 Cost of capital items with lifetime more than one year e.g., electronic device
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Costs of recurrent items$34,485 $75,521 $1,010,274 Costs of consumable items e.g., supplies
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Total costs$114,345 $105,590 $1,089,767
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Other statistics
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Age Standardized life expectancy (years )62.361.463.6
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Source for row abovehttps://data.who.int/countries/854 https://humancapital.worldbank.org/en/economy/KEN https://data.who.int/countries/800
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Disability weight for the specific morbidity0.1910.210.188
GBD/WHO life tables for each country - https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/gho-documents/global-health-estimates/ghe2019_daly-methods.pdf
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Maternal mortality per 100000242149170Maternal mortality. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.MMRT
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Maternal mortality per person0.002420.001490.0017
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Reduction of maternal mortality for CHWs intervention (assumptions based on the review)
0.30.30.3
We assume this will be 30% considering the vulnerable community. Source https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25803792/
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Reduction of death per mother0.0007260.0004470.00051
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Maternal deathsMean age 24.2 years (±6.5) among maternal deaths (range 14–43)National Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths dataset (analysis of 484 deaths) reported a mean age 28.8 yearCity-wide analysis in Kampala (2016–2021) reported an average age 28 years (±6) among 358 maternal deaths.
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Source for maternal deathshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6328931/ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9544179/? https://doi.org/10.29392/001c.116248
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Diarrhoea11%7%8%
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Source for Diarrhoea rateshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2019.100175http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2009.07.021https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03448-2
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Pneumonia8%7%0%
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Source for Pneumonia rates
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301831#tbl0005
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4241029/#b18https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39761235/
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Malaria1%21%NA
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Source for Malaria rateshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7143776/ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7143776/
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Extracted data to calculate DALY
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Baseline indicators
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Total treatment of under five children21,8543,743516,111
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Total pregnancy registration6,9062,253151,448
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Couple year protection02,82822,157
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Endline indicator
https://gh.bmj.com/content/9/10/e016600
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Total treatment of under five children80,895437,7681,021,698
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Total pregnancy registration23,31251,98836,011
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Couple year protection134,922132,499
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Pneumonia 2,703 14,630 34,144
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Diarrhoea 32,025 173,307 404,477
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Malaria 46,166 249,832 583,077 0.50.0050.015
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Estimates
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Additional under five children59,041434,025505,587
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Additional mother enrolled for delivery care16,40649,73536,011
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Reduced maternal mortality 11.91 22.23 18.37
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Average age at deaths among mother 24.20 28.828
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Life expectancy at the age of death among mother45.542.9543.85
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Discounted LE24.62424.2
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Years Life Lost (YLL) 293 534 444
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Deaths averted from Diarrhoea 947 12,830 9,972
Diarrhoea
Pneumonia
Malaria
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Total YLL 1,240 13,363 10,417 BF11%
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2019.100175
8%
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301831#tbl0005
1%
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7143776/
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 Total costs of the interventions in US$ 114,345 105,590 1,089,767 KN7%
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2009.07.021
7%
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4241029/#b18
21%
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7143776/
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 Cost per DALY averted US$ 92.2 7.9 104.6 UG8%
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03448-2
0%
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39761235/
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Assumptions
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Number of mother registered by CHW: the difference (baseline-endline) for Uganda for pregnancy registration was ignored and considered as additional number of pregnancy registered due to the difference between baseline and endline is negative. Namely, the reported baseline was higher than what is reported in 2024. We assumed that the endline value captured the additional number of pregnant women that were registered.
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Assumed that ANC coverage increased by 10.2% due to the registration by CHW.