What to Expect in Your Home

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9				Estimated Cost Guide	Trades Directory
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12	ERA	What is it?	Issues That Can Occur	How To Fix It?	Who Can Fix It?	Things to Note

13	Anything built prior to 1965	Plaster Walls	crumble during removal	hire a drywaller with plaster experience	drywaller, finisher	It's also very heavy compared to drywall. Don't be surprised if your dumping fees are high because of it
14		Knob & tube wiring	there is no ground wire, higher chance of an electrical fire. Likely higher insurance rate or insurance may ask for it to be removed entirely within	disconnect, new electrical throughout home	Electrician	Some companies will distinguish between exposed (you can see it) vs unexposed (behind a wall). Unexposed is fine to stay but exposed must be replaced. Ayr Farmer's Mutual had/has this policy.
15		Galvanized plumbing	Corrodes from the inside, clogs the lines and ultimately stops water from flowing and leaks. Insurance will likely make you change it.	replace old lines with newer plumbing, can be costly	Plumber	may contain lead
16		Old sewer lines	made from cast iron, corrodes and leaks, can be costly to repair/replace,	Call the City first to see if they coming to your area to change the old lines	City will replace from the road to the home. Homeowner is responsible for everything in the home.
17		Asbestos	used in almost every material that isn't wood, glass or metal ie. tiles, insulation, paint, mixed into concrete, siding. Some are considered low risk if not disturbed	removal, air quality tests	Lex Environmental, FPR Environmental asbestosmouldexperts.com
18		Lead	some lead pipes were used up to the 1950's but highest risk of exposure to lead would be through paint	Can remove with paint solvent, or simply paint over it with specific paints called encapsulants	samples of paint can be taken and tested for lead, Painter with prior experience painting over lead paint
19		60 Amp electrical service	overuse and overheating, increase risk of fire. No grounded plugs for electronics.		An electrician	can't take today's demand
20		Radiators	Likely old plumbing, could be costly to replace, no duct work, no Central Air Conditioning	yearly inspections for maintenance, replace and add in ducts or other heat source	Plumber
21		Stone Rubble Foundation	basement will likely be damp, originally only used for storage, added costs to properly waterproof	maintaining gutters/ eaves to keep water away from the home, may need to update the parging,	professional masonry
22		Concrete block	potential leaks, cracks, shifting		professional masonry
23		Lack of insulation	typically built with 2 bricklayers and nothing in between	reframe and insulate, costly	Insulation Company
24		Vermiculite Insulation	could contain asbestos	test, removal	Lex Scientific
25		Wooden windows	rotting sills	proper maintenance from exterior, keeping water away from windows, keeping up with paint/finish to waterproof.	Window Company
26		Wood Burning Fireplace	Up to today's code, needs to be cleaned and swept annually, higher insurance rate, because of increased risk of fire	WETT inspection	Home inspector
27	older homes in general are more maintenance than newer homes, however any home requires proper upkeep and attention to avoid minor issues that could become major problems over time if left unattended.
28	Late 1960's - 1970's	Aluminum wiring	aluminum wiring itself is safe if proper connections are made	pig-tailing- adding a short copper wire to the end of each aluminum wire, that way copper rather than aluminum will be connected to the switch/plug instead. to prevent overheating and fires	An electrician
29		Plaster Walls	They can crack with shifting of homes
30		Copper plumbing	risk of leaks	replace as needed with modern plastic plumbing	Plumber
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32	1977-1980	UFFI	Off gassing of formaldehyde, was banned in Canada in 1980. Only used on exterior walls, likely no longer a concern after many years, Formaldehyde is present today in plywood, new carpet, car exhaust.	You can do nothing or have it removed. UFFI can be tested for formaldehyde levels.	Lex Scientific
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34	1995-2007	Kitec Plumbing	2005- recalled due to quick corrosion and tendency to fail entirely causing flooding	Can be costly to fix	Plumber
35	1970's+	Electric baseboard heaters	costly to run, likely no Central Air Conditioning due to not having ducts	replace with more modern energy efficient baseboards or put in ducts and furnace	An electrician
36		Poured concrete	most commonly used in modern homes, could have cracks	parge over crack	Crack Doctor	With the exception of custom built houses, most houses built with concrete block foundations are pre 1970. Most subdivision houses built in the 70's or newer have poured concrete foundations. Most brick houses in Ontario were solid masonry construction (two wythes of brick) up until the late 1960's.
37		vinyl windows and doors	general maintenance and upkeep can last 15+ years		Window & door company	Vinyl replacement windows came into popularity in the 1960s
38		Wood Burning Fireplace	May not be up to today's code, needs to be cleaned and swept annually, higher insurance rate, because of increased risk of fire	WETT inspection	Home inspector with WETT certification, fireplace company	The energy crisis of the 1970s caused a huge surge in their popularity.
39		New building materials	drywall, plastic plumbing, copper wiring, 100-200 AMP electrical panel, forced air gas furnace and A/C, in floor gas radiant heat
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