Infectious diseases – The Roots of Progress

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
1	Disease	Cause	Kingdom	Mode of infection	Vaccine	Solution	Vaccine year

2	Malaria	Plasmodium protozoa	protozoan	Animal: mosquito	not effective	pest control, quinine	-
3	Tuberculosis	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	bacterial	Contagion	yes, not perfect	antibiotics, hygiene?	1921
4	Smallpox	Variola major/minor virus	viral	Contagion	yes	vaccine	1796
5	Influenza	Orthomyxoviridae viruses	viral	Contagion	annual	vaccine	1945
6	Pneumonia	Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, but also viruses, fungi, etc.	multiple	Opportunistic	some types	antibiotics	1945
7	Wound infection	Many: Staphylococcus, etc.	bacterial	Opportunistic	n/a	antiseptics, antibiotics	-
8	Puerperal fever	Streptococcus pyogenes staphylococci, anaerobic streptococci, E. coli, C. perfringens, Clostridium tetani, etc.	bacterial	Opportunistic	n/a	antiseptics, antibiotics	-
9	Poliomyelitis (polio)	Poliovirus	viral	Contagion	yes	vaccine	1955
10	Pertussis (whooping cough)	Bordetella pertussis	bacterial	Contagion	yes	vaccine	1939
11	Cholera	Vibrio cholerae	bacterial	Ingestion: water	brief	sanitation	1885?
12	Syphilis	Treponema pallidum	bacterial	STD	no	antibiotics	-
13	Rabies	Rabies virus	viral	Animal: dog	yes	vaccine, animal control	1885
14	Diphtheria	Corynebacterium diphtheriae	bacterial	Contagion	yes	vaccine, also antibiotics/antitoxins	1923
15	Plague	Yersinia pestis	bacterial	Animal: flea	yes?	pest control, antibiotics	?
16	Scarlet fever	Group A streptococcus, mostly Streptococcus pyogenes	bacterial	Contagion	no	antibiotics	-
17	Tetanus	Clostridium tetani	bacterial	Opportunistic	yes	vaccine, antiseptics	1924
18	Measles	Measles virus	viral	Contagion	yes	vaccine	1963
19	AIDS	HIV	viral	STD	no	antivirals, also education, condoms	-
20	Typhus	Rickettsia typhi and others, spread by lice (and other insects)	bacterial	Animal: louse	no	antibiotics, pest control	-
21	Typhoid fever	Salmonella Typhi (?)	bacterial	Ingestion: water	yes	vaccine, sanitation, antibiotics?	1896
22	Yellow fever	Yellow fever virus, spread by mosquitoes	viral	Animal: mosquito	yes	sanitation, vaccine?	1936
23	Anthrax	Bacillus anthracis	bacterial	Animal: livestock	yes
24	Gastroenteritis / infectious diarrhea	Norovirus, rotavirus, Campylobacter, many other microorganisms	multiple	Ingestion		sanitation/hygiene, antibiotics?	-
25	Dysentery	many pathogens, including amoeba, Shigella bacteria, and some strains of E. coli	multiple	Ingestion	no		-
26	Meningitis	Many	multiple	?	some		1970s?
27	Bodily infections: eye, ear, urinary tract, respiratory, etc.	Many	multiple	Opportunistic		antibiotics, hygeine, etc.	-
28	Mumps	Mumps rubulavirus	viral	Contagion	yes	vaccine?	1967
29	Rubella (German measles)	Rubella virus	viral	Contagion	yes	vaccine?	1969
30	African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)	Trypanosoma brucei (protozoa), transmitted by the tsetse fly	protozoan	Animal: tsetse fly	no		-
31	Botulism	toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum	toxin	Ingestion: food	no	food safety	-
32	Food poisoning	Norovirus, Salmonella, Clostridium perfringens, E. coli, Staphylococcus species, others?	multiple	Ingestion: food		sanitation/hygiene, antibiotics	-
33	West Nile fever	West Nile virus, spread by mosquitoes	viral	Animal: mosquito	no		-
34	Ebola	Ebola virus	viral	Contagion	development		-
35	Gonorrhea	Neisseria gonorrhoeae	bacterial	STD	no		-
36	Hepatitis	Hepatitis viruses (A–E)	viral	STD	yes		1980s–90s
37	Chlamydia	Chlamydia trachomatis	bacterial	STD	no?		-
38	Human papillomavirus (HPV)	Human papillomaviruses (multiple)	viral	STD	yes		2006
39	Mononucleosis	usually Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)	viral	Contagion	no		-
40	Lyme disease	Borrelia bacteria, transmitted via ticks	bacterial	Animal: tick	off the market?		-
41	Leprosy	Mycobacterium leprae	bacterial	Contagion	partial
42	MERS, SARS	coronavirus	viral	Contagion	no		-
43	Zika	Zika virus, spread by mosquitoes	viral	Animal: mosquito	no		-
44	Dengue fever	Dengue virus, spread by mosquitoes	viral	Animal: mosquito	partial
45	Herpes	Herpes simplex virus (1 and 2)	viral	STD	no		-
46	Chicken pox / shingles	Varicella zoster virus	viral	Contagion	yes	vaccine	1981
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100