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Figure 5.1:Global output growth and relative per capita incomes
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Figure 5.1.A Actual output growth
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Figure 5.1.B Potential output growth
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Figure 5.1.C Per capita income in EMDEs relative to advanced economies
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Figure 5.1.D Per capita income relative to advanced economies,2022
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Figure 5.2: Contributions to potential growth
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Figure 5.2.A Contributions to potential growth
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Figure 5.2.B Contributions to potential growth in EMDEs
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Figure 5.2.C Contributions to potential growth in G7 and EM7
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Figure 5.2.D Contributions to potential growth in EMDE commodity exporters and non-exporters
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Figure 5.3: Total factor productivity growth
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Figure 5.3.A Average TFP growth
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Figure 5.3.B Share of economies and GDP with TFP growth below the previous decade average
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Figure 5.3.C Per capita income relative to advanced economies in 2000, 2009, and 2021
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Figure 5.3.D Average number of climate disasters and financial crises per year
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Figure 5.4 Demographics
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Figure 5.4.A Impact of 1 percentage point higher working-age population share on per capita GDP growth
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Figure 5.4.B Working-age population
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Figure 5.4.C Working-age population
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Figure 5.4.D Potential growth
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Figure 5.5: Evolution of potential growth
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Figure 5.5.A Potential growth
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Figure 5.5.B Potential growth
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Figure 5.5.C Potential growth of per capita output
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Figure 5.5.D Potential growth of per capita output
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Figure 5.6 Regional potential output growth
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Figure 5.6.A Potential growth in EMDE regions
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Figure 5.6.B Potential growth in EMDE regions
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Figure 5.6.C Share of countries and GDP with potential growth below and previous decade average in EMDE regions
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Figure 5.6.D Share of countries and GDP with potential growth below the previous decade average in EMDE regions
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Figure 5.6.E Contributions to regional potential growth
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Figure 5.6.F Contributions tot regional potential growth
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Figure 5.7: Risks to potential growth prospects
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Figure 5.7.A Forecast errors in global, advanced economy and EMDE investment growth
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Figure 5.7.B Forecast errors in EMDE regional investment growth
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Figure 5.7.C Global potential growth, adjusting for risks
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Figure 5.7.D Deviation from baseline scenario for EMDE potential growth, adjusting for risks
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Figure 5.7.E Potential growth with more frequent natural disasters
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Figure 5.7.F Potential growth after a global recession in 2023
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Figure 5.8:Policies to strengthen drivers of potential growth
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Figure 5.8.A Investment growth
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Figure 5.8.B Secondary schooling completion
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Figure 5.8.C Life expectancy
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Figure 5.8.D Female labor force participation
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Figure 5.9:Effect of policies on potential output growth
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Figure 5.9.A Global potential growth in reform scenarios
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Figure 5.9.B EMDE potential growth in reform scenarios
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Figure 5.9.C EMDE potential growth in reform scenarios
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Figure 5.9.D EMDE potential growth in reform scenarios
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Figure 5.10: Effects of climate-related infrastructure investment on potential growth
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Figure 5.10.A EMDEs: potential growth in climate-related infrastructure investment scenarios
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Figure 5.10.B EMDEs excluding China: potential growth in climate-related infrastructure investment scenarios
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Figure 5.10.C EMDEs: potential growth in climate-related infrastructure investment scenarios
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Figure 5.10.D EMDEs: potential growth in climate-related infrastructure investment scenarios
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Figure 5.11: Institutional reforms
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Figure 5.11.A ICRG indicators around sustained reform advances and setback in EMDEs
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Figure 5.11.B Cumulative change in EMDE investment and TFP two to four years after a sustained change in institutional quality.
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