A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | |
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1 | Z | Name | Symbol | Average atomic mass | Electronegativity (Pauling) | First Ionization Energy (eV) | Atomic | Van der Waals | Covalent | Valence electrons | Average atomic mass cleaned | ||||||||||||||
2 | 1.00 | Hydrogen | H | 1.01 | 2.2 | 13.60 | 25.00 | 120.00 | 38.00 | 1.00 | 1.01 | no | |||||||||||||
3 | 2.00 | Helium | He | 4.002602(2) | — | 24.59 | 31.00 | 140.00 | 32.00 | 2.00 | 4.00 | no | |||||||||||||
4 | 3.00 | Lithium | Li | 6.941(2) | 0.98 | 5.39 | 145.00 | 182.00 | 134.00 | 1.00 | 6.94 | yes | |||||||||||||
5 | 4.00 | Beryllium | Be | 9.012182(3) | 1.57 | 484,922.00 | 105.00 | — | 90.00 | 2.00 | 9.01 | yes | |||||||||||||
6 | 5.00 | Boron | B | 10.811(7) | 2.04 | 8.30 | 85.00 | — | 82.00 | 3.00 | 10.81 | yes | |||||||||||||
7 | 6.00 | Carbon | C | 12.0107(8) | 2.55 | 257,071.00 | 70.00 | 170.00 | 77.00 | 4.00 | 12.01 | no | |||||||||||||
8 | 7.00 | Nitrogen | N | 14.0067(2) | 3.04 | 14.53 | 65.00 | 155.00 | 75.00 | 5.00 | 14.01 | no | |||||||||||||
9 | 8.00 | Oxygen | O | 15.9994(3) | 3.44 | 13.62 | 60.00 | 152.00 | 73.00 | 6.00 | 16.00 | no | |||||||||||||
10 | 9.00 | Fluorine | F | 18.9984032(5) | 3.98 | 17.42 | 50.00 | 147.00 | 71.00 | 7.00 | 19.00 | no | |||||||||||||
11 | 10.00 | Neon | Ne | 20.1797(6) | — | 21.56 | 38.00 | 154.00 | 69.00 | 8.00 | 20.18 | no | |||||||||||||
12 | 11.00 | Sodium | Na | 22.98976928(2) | 0.93 | 5.14 | 180.00 | 227.00 | 154.00 | 1.00 | 22.99 | yes | |||||||||||||
13 | 12.00 | Magnesium | Mg | 24.3050(6) | 1.31 | 7.65 | 150.00 | 173.00 | 130.00 | 2.00 | 24.31 | yes | |||||||||||||
14 | 13.00 | Aluminium | Al | 26.9815386(8) | 1.61 | 5.99 | 125.00 | — | 118.00 | 3.00 | 26.98 | yes | |||||||||||||
15 | 14.00 | Silicon | Si | 28.0855(3) | 1.9 | 8.15 | 110.00 | 210.00 | 111.00 | 4.00 | 28.09 | no | |||||||||||||
16 | 15.00 | Phosphorus | P | 30.973762(2) | 2.19 | 10.49 | 100.00 | 180.00 | 106.00 | 5.00 | 30.97 | no | |||||||||||||
17 | 16.00 | Sulfur | S | 32.065(5) | 2.58 | 10.36 | 100.00 | 180.00 | 102.00 | 6.00 | 32.07 | no | |||||||||||||
18 | 17.00 | Chlorine | Cl | 35.453(2) | 3.16 | 12.97 | 100.00 | 175.00 | 99.00 | 7.00 | 35.45 | yes | |||||||||||||
19 | 18.00 | Argon | Ar | 39.948(1) | — | 15.76 | 71.00 | 188.00 | 97.00 | 8.00 | 39.95 | no | |||||||||||||
20 | 19.00 | Potassium | K | 39.0983(1) | 0.82 | 4.34 | 220.00 | 275.00 | 196.00 | 1.00 | 39.10 | yes | |||||||||||||
21 | 20.00 | Calcium | Ca | 40.078(4) | 1 | 6.11 | 180.00 | — | 174.00 | 2.00 | 40.08 | yes | |||||||||||||
22 | 21.00 | Scandium | Sc | 44.955912(6) | 1.36 | 1,357,029.00 | 160.00 | — | 144.00 | 2.00 | 44.96 | yes | |||||||||||||
23 | 22.00 | Titanium | Ti | 47.867(1) | 1.54 | 2,330,766.00 | 140.00 | — | 136.00 | 2.00 | 47.87 | yes | |||||||||||||
24 | 23.00 | Vanadium | V | 50.9415(1) | 1.63 | 2,031,632.00 | 135.00 | — | 125.00 | 2.00 | 50.94 | yes | |||||||||||||
25 | 24.00 | Chromium | Cr | 51.9961(6) | 1.66 | 2,105,777.00 | 140.00 | — | 127.00 | 1.00 | 52.00 | yes | |||||||||||||
26 | 25.00 | Manganese | Mn | 54.938045(5) | 1.55 | 7.43 | 140.00 | — | 139.00 | 2.00 | 54.94 | yes | |||||||||||||
27 | 26.00 | Iron | Fe | 55.845(2) | 1.83 | 2,602,171.00 | 140.00 | — | 125.00 | 2.00 | 55.85 | yes | |||||||||||||
28 | 27.00 | Cobalt | Co | 58.933195(5) | 1.91 | 1,643,044.00 | 135.00 | 163.00 | 121.00 | 2.00 | 58.93 | yes | |||||||||||||
29 | 28.00 | Nickel | Ni | 58.6934(4) | 1.88 | 7.88 | 135.00 | — | 126.00 | 2.00 | 58.69 | yes | |||||||||||||
30 | 29.00 | Copper | Cu | 63.546(3) | 1.9 | 7.73 | 135.00 | 140.00 | 138.00 | 1.00 | 63.55 | no | |||||||||||||
31 | 30.00 | Zinc | Zn | 65.38(2) | 1.65 | 746,070.00 | 135.00 | 139.00 | 131.00 | 2.00 | 65.38 | yes | |||||||||||||
32 | 31.00 | Gallium | Ga | 69.723(1) | 1.81 | 2,956,030.00 | 130.00 | 187.00 | 126.00 | 3.00 | 69.72 | yes | |||||||||||||
33 | 32.00 | Germanium | Ge | 72.63(1) | 2.01 | 2,591,214.00 | 125.00 | — | 122.00 | 4.00 | 72.63 | yes | |||||||||||||
34 | 33.00 | Arsenic | As | 74.92160(2) | 2.18 | 2,186,587.00 | 115.00 | 185.00 | 119.00 | 5.00 | 74.92 | no | |||||||||||||
35 | 34.00 | Selenium | Se | 78.96(3) | 2.55 | 9.75 | 115.00 | 190.00 | 116.00 | 6.00 | 78.96 | no | |||||||||||||
36 | 35.00 | Bromine | Br | 79.904(1) | 2.96 | 11.81 | 115.00 | 185.00 | 114.00 | 7.00 | 79.90 | yes | |||||||||||||
37 | 36.00 | Krypton | Kr | 83.798(2) | 3 | 14.00 | 88.00 | 202.00 | 110.00 | 8.00 | 83.80 | no | |||||||||||||
38 | 37.00 | Rubidium | Rb | 85.4678(3) | 0.82 | 4.18 | 235.00 | — | 211.00 | 1.00 | 85.47 | yes | |||||||||||||
39 | 38.00 | Strontium | Sr | 87.62(1) | 0.95 | 1,844,232.00 | 200.00 | — | 192.00 | 2.00 | 87.62 | yes | |||||||||||||
40 | 39.00 | Yttrium | Y | 88.90585(2) | 1.22 | 99,134.00 | 180.00 | — | 162.00 | 2.00 | 88.91 | yes | |||||||||||||
41 | 40.00 | Zirconium | Zr | 91.224(2) | 1.33 | 1,621,464.00 | 155.00 | — | 148.00 | 2.00 | 91.22 | yes | |||||||||||||
42 | 41.00 | Niobium | Nb | 92.90638(2) | 1.6 | 6.76 | 145.00 | — | 137.00 | 1.00 | 92.91 | yes | |||||||||||||
43 | 42.00 | Molybdenum | Mo | 95.96(2) | 2.16 | 7.09 | 145.00 | — | 145.00 | 1.00 | 95.96 | no | |||||||||||||
44 | 43.00 | Technetium | Tc | 98.00 | 1.9 | 7.28 | 135.00 | — | 156.00 | 1.00 | 98.00 | no | |||||||||||||
45 | 44.00 | Ruthenium | Ru | 101.07(2) | 2.2 | 622,922.00 | 130.00 | — | 126.00 | 1.00 | 101.07 | yes | |||||||||||||
46 | 45.00 | Rhodium | Rh | 102.90550(2) | 2.28 | 982,321.00 | 135.00 | — | 135.00 | 1.00 | 102.91 | no | |||||||||||||
47 | 46.00 | Palladium | Pd | 106.42(1) | 2.2 | 536,756.00 | 140.00 | 163.00 | 131.00 | 106.42 | yes | ||||||||||||||
48 | 47.00 | Silver | Ag | 107.8682(2) | 1.93 | 1,410,750.00 | 160.00 | 172.00 | 153.00 | 1.00 | 107.87 | yes | |||||||||||||
49 | 48.00 | Cadmium | Cd | 112.411(8) | 1.69 | 2,936,033.00 | 155.00 | 158.00 | 148.00 | 2.00 | 112.41 | yes | |||||||||||||
50 | 49.00 | Indium | In | 114.818(3) | 1.78 | 5.79 | 155.00 | 193.00 | 144.00 | 3.00 | 114.82 | yes | |||||||||||||
51 | 50.00 | Tin | Sn | 118.710(7) | 1.96 | 562,291.00 | 145.00 | 217.00 | 141.00 | 4.00 | 118.71 | yes | |||||||||||||
52 | 51.00 | Antimony | Sb | 121.760(1) | 2.05 | 1,528,390.00 | 145.00 | — | 138.00 | 5.00 | 121.76 | yes | |||||||||||||
53 | 52.00 | Tellurium | Te | 127.60(3) | 2.1 | 35,309.00 | 140.00 | 206.00 | 135.00 | 6.00 | 127.60 | yes | |||||||||||||
54 | 53.00 | Iodine | I | 126.90447(3) | 2.66 | 10.45 | 140.00 | 198.00 | 133.00 | 7.00 | 126.90 | yes | |||||||||||||
55 | 54.00 | Xenon | Xe | 131.293(6) | 2.6 | -219,539.00 | 108.00 | 216.00 | 130.00 | 8.00 | 131.29 | no | |||||||||||||
56 | 55.00 | Caesium | Cs | 132.9054519(2) | 0.79 | 2,571,003.00 | 260.00 | — | 225.00 | 1.00 | 132.91 | yes | |||||||||||||
57 | 56.00 | Barium | Ba | 137.327(7) | 0.89 | 79,380.00 | 215.00 | — | 198.00 | 2.00 | 137.33 | yes | |||||||||||||
58 | 57.00 | Lanthanum | La | 138.90547(7) | 1.1 | 1,413,246.00 | 195.00 | — | 169.00 | 2.00 | 138.91 | yes | |||||||||||||
59 | 58.00 | Cerium | Ce | 140.116(1) | 1.12 | 1,273,723.00 | 185.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 140.12 | no | |||||||||||||
60 | 59.00 | Praseodymium | Pr | 140.90765(2) | 1.13 | 5.47 | 185.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 140.91 | no | |||||||||||||
61 | 60.00 | Neodymium | Nd | 144.242(3) | 1.14 | 5.53 | 185.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 144.24 | no | |||||||||||||
62 | 61.00 | Promethium | Pm | 145.00 | — | 5.58 | 185.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 145.00 | no | |||||||||||||
63 | 62.00 | Samarium | Sm | 150.36(2) | 1.17 | 1,656,863.00 | 185.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 150.36 | no | |||||||||||||
64 | 63.00 | Europium | Eu | 151.964(1) | — | 1,754,747.00 | 185.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 151.96 | no | |||||||||||||
65 | 64.00 | Gadolinium | Gd | 157.25(3) | 1.2 | -145,579.00 | 180.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 157.25 | no | |||||||||||||
66 | 65.00 | Terbium | Tb | 158.92535(2) | — | 2,461,126.00 | 175.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 158.93 | no | |||||||||||||
67 | 66.00 | Dysprosium | Dy | 162.500(1) | 1.22 | 2,735,424.00 | 175.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 162.50 | no | |||||||||||||
68 | 67.00 | Holmium | Ho | 164.93032(2) | 1.23 | -615,281.00 | 175.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 164.93 | no | |||||||||||||
69 | 68.00 | Erbium | Er | 167.259(3) | 1.24 | -300,441.00 | 175.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 167.26 | no | |||||||||||||
70 | 69.00 | Thulium | Tm | 168.93421(2) | 1.25 | 6.18 | 175.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 168.93 | no | |||||||||||||
71 | 70.00 | Ytterbium | Yb | 173.054(5) | — | 6.25 | 175.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 173.05 | no | |||||||||||||
72 | 71.00 | Lutetium | Lu | 174.9668(1) | 1.27 | 861,729.00 | 175.00 | — | 160.00 | 2.00 | 174.97 | yes | |||||||||||||
73 | 72.00 | Hafnium | Hf | 178.49(2) | 1.3 | 6.83 | 155.00 | — | 150.00 | 2.00 | 178.49 | yes | |||||||||||||
74 | 73.00 | Tantalum | Ta | 180.94788(2) | 1.5 | 1,313,596.00 | 145.00 | — | 138.00 | 2.00 | 180.95 | yes | |||||||||||||
75 | 74.00 | Tungsten | W | 183.84(1) | 2.36 | 7.86 | 135.00 | — | 146.00 | 2.00 | 183.84 | no | |||||||||||||
76 | 75.00 | Rhenium | Re | 186.207(1) | 1.9 | 2,350,518.00 | 135.00 | — | 159.00 | 2.00 | 186.21 | no | |||||||||||||
77 | 76.00 | Osmium | Os | 190.23(3) | 2.2 | 906,746.00 | 130.00 | — | 128.00 | 2.00 | 190.23 | yes | |||||||||||||
78 | 77.00 | Iridium | Ir | 192.217(3) | 2.2 | 8.97 | 135.00 | — | 137.00 | 2.00 | 192.22 | no | |||||||||||||
79 | 78.00 | Platinum | Pt | 195.084(9) | 2.28 | 2,807,833.00 | 135.00 | 175.00 | 128.00 | 1.00 | 195.08 | yes | |||||||||||||
80 | 79.00 | Gold | Au | 196.966569(4) | 2.54 | 129,906.00 | 135.00 | 166.00 | 144.00 | 1.00 | 196.97 | no | |||||||||||||
81 | 80.00 | Mercury | Hg | 200.59(2) | 2 | 904,250.00 | 150.00 | 155.00 | 149.00 | 2.00 | 200.59 | yes | |||||||||||||
82 | 81.00 | Thallium | Tl | 204.3833(2) | 1.62 | -298,615.00 | 190.00 | 196.00 | 148.00 | 3.00 | 204.38 | yes | |||||||||||||
83 | 82.00 | Lead | Pb | 207.2(1) | 2.33 | 7.42 | 180.00 | 202.00 | 147.00 | 4.00 | 207.20 | yes | |||||||||||||
84 | 83.00 | Bismuth | Bi | 208.98040(1) | 2.02 | 349,356.00 | 160.00 | — | 146.00 | 5.00 | 208.98 | yes | |||||||||||||
85 | 84.00 | Polonium | Po | 209.00 | 2 | 8.42 | 190.00 | — | — | 6.00 | 209.00 | no | |||||||||||||
86 | 85.00 | Astatine | At | 210.00 | 2.2 | — | — | — | 7.00 | 210.00 | no | ||||||||||||||
87 | 86.00 | Radon | Rn | 222.00 | — | 2,040,155.00 | 120.00 | — | 145.00 | 8.00 | 222.00 | no | |||||||||||||
88 | 87.00 | Francium | Fr | 223.00 | 0.7 | -428,338.00 | — | — | — | 1.00 | 223.00 | no | |||||||||||||
89 | 88.00 | Radium | Ra | 226.00 | 0.9 | 322,997.00 | 215.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 226.00 | no | |||||||||||||
90 | 89.00 | Actinium | Ac | 227.00 | 1.1 | 5.17 | 195.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 227.00 | no | |||||||||||||
91 | 90.00 | Thorium | Th | 232.03806(2) | 1.3 | 426,391.00 | 180.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 232.04 | no | |||||||||||||
92 | 91.00 | Protactinium | Pa | 231.03588(2) | 1.5 | 5.89 | 180.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 231.04 | no | |||||||||||||
93 | 92.00 | Uranium | U | 238.02891(3) | 1.38 | 6.19 | 175.00 | 186.00 | — | 2.00 | 238.03 | no | |||||||||||||
94 | 93.00 | Neptunium | Np | 237.00 | 1.36 | 276,642.00 | 175.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 237.00 | no | |||||||||||||
95 | 94.00 | Plutonium | Pu | 244.00 | 1.28 | -598,114.00 | 175.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 244.00 | no | |||||||||||||
96 | 95.00 | Americium | Am | 243.00 | 1.3 | 2,862,893.00 | 175.00 | — | — | 2.00 | 243.00 | no | |||||||||||||
97 | 96.00 | Curium | Cm | 247.00 | 1.3 | 2,927,540.00 | 2.00 | 247.00 | no | ||||||||||||||||
98 | 97.00 | Berkelium | Bk | 247.00 | 1.3 | 29,007.00 | 2.00 | 247.00 | no | ||||||||||||||||
99 | 98.00 | Californium | Cf | 251.00 | 1.3 | 335,081.00 | 2.00 | 251.00 | no | ||||||||||||||||
100 | 99.00 | Einsteinium | Es | 252.00 | 1.3 | 6.42 | 2.00 | 252.00 | no |