VT agroforestry spp and cvs.xlsx

	A	B	C	D	F	G	H	I	J	L	M	N	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	AA	AB	AD	AE	AF	AG	AH	AI	AJ	AK	AL	AN	AO	AP	AR	AS	AT	AU	AV	AW	AX	AY	AZ	BA	BB	BC	BE	BF	BG	BH	BI	BJ	BK	BL	BM	BN	BP	BQ	BR	BS	BU	BV	BW	BX	BZ	CA
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2	NAMES.				COMMERICAL PRODUCTS					ORIGIN			SUITABILITY													FORM & HABIT									RECOMMENDATIONS			AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS												FUNCTIONS										CHARACTERISTICS				PEST & DISEASE ISSUES	*moving north with warming			OTHER	NOTES
3																																			national agroforestry list	VT agroforestry expert recommended	VT agroforestry farmer recommended	alley cropping (NRCS CP 311)			forest farming (NRCS CP 379)		windbreak/shelterbelt (NRCS CP 380)		silvopasture (NRCS CP 381)			riparian forest buffer (NRCS CP 391)
4	Genus and Species	Common Name	Family	Cultivars	Cultivated Commercial Wood Product	Cultivated Commerical Food Product	Other Cultivated Commerical Product	Commerical Forest Products	Potential Product (not currently grown for US market)	VT native	Northeast native	Naturalization status	USDA zone	Is zone 6 too hot	Cold snap vulnerability	Wet soils	Dry soils	Sand tolerant	Clay tolerant	Poor drainage tolerant	Excessive drainage tolerant	Soil pH	Wetland indicator status	Flood tolerant	Shade tolerance	Form	Height	Habit	growth rate	years to bearing	pollinator required for commerical fruit or nut production?	lifespan	coppice	Nuisances	National Agroforestry Center Ranking	VT agroforestry expert recommended	VT agroforestry farmer recommended	alley cropping (NRCS CP 311)	Contour Hedgerow	Pollinator Hedgerow	Multistrata (inc. forest farming, commercial food forest, etc.)	Urban food forest	Windbreak	Living Snow Fence	Silvopasture	Tree Fodder	Living Barn	Riparian Forest Buffer	Waterbreak	NRCS VT trees and shrubs for conservation	nitrogen fixation	erosion control. (stripmine, streambank etc)	bioengineering (slope stabilization)	wildlife habitat value	pollinators/beneficials	anchor lepidopteran host	vertebrate food use	bird food & shelter value	browse value	deciduous/ evergreen	summer canopy density	root depth	allelopathy	disease issues (mostly climate related)	alternate disease host	insect issues (mostly climate related)	alternate insect host	transplant type	notes

5	Abies balsamea	balsam fir	Pinaceae				Christmas trees	veneers, lumber, pulpwood		yes	yes		3-6	could get too hot		yes		yes		yes		4.0-6.5	FAC	flood tolerant	shade tolerant	tree	50-75	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	long					recommended (1)						NRCS VT reccomended				suitable	used	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)		high	mult. bird families	medium	evergreen	dense	shallow	mildly allelopathic					bareroot, container
6	Abies concolor	white fir	Pinaceae				Christmas trees	veneers, lumber, pulpwood		no	no	naturalized VT	3-7	could get too hot				yes				5.5-7.8	UPL		part shade	tree	120	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	long			NAC recommended								used				suitable				no				no (wind pollinated)			mult. bird families		evergreen	dense							bareroot, container
7	Acer negundo	box elder	Sapindaceae					pulpwood	coppice products	yes	yes		2-10			yes	yes		yes		yes	5.1-7.5	FAC+	some flood tolerance	part shade	tree	35-50	standard	fast	n/a	n/a	short	Krawczyk top genus		NAC recommended		highly recommended (4)						NRCS VT reccomended		toxic	toxic		NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT low	yes	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families	low	deciduous	open	medium	mildly allelopathic					bareroot, container
8	Acer pensylvanicum	striped maple	Sapindaceae						coppice products	yes	yes		3-7	could get too hot				yes				4.5-5.0	FACU		shade tolerant	tree	20-35	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	short	Krawczyk top genus				genus highly recommended (3)			potential								used		NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT moderate	yes	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families	high	deciduous	open	shallow	allelopathic					bareroot, container
9	Acer rubrum	red maple	Sapindaceae					veneers, lumber, firewood, pulpwood	coppice products	yes	yes		3-9			yes	yes	yes	yes	yes		4.5-6.5	FAC	some flood tolerance	shade tolerant	tree	75-100	standard	medium to fast	n/a	n/a	short	Krawczyk top genus		NAC top ranked		genus highly recommended (3)						NRCS VT reccomended		toxic	toxic		NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT high	yes	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	dense	shallow						bareroot, container
10	Acer saccharinum	silver maple	Sapindaceae	syrup cultivars	hardwood		syrup	veneers, lumber, firewood	coppice products	yes	yes		3-8			yes			yes	yes		5.5-6.5	FACW	some flood tolerance	part shade	tree	75-100	standard	fast	40	n/a	short	Krawczyk top genus		NAC recommended		very highly recommended (5)	used			potential overstory		NRCS VT reccomended					NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT moderate	yes	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families	low	deciduous	dense	shallow	mildly allelopathic					bareroot, container
11	Acer saccharum	sugar maple	Sapindaceae	syrup cultivars			syrup	veneers, lumber, firewood, pulpwood	coppice products	yes	yes		3-8					yes				6.1-7.5	FACU-		shade tolerant	tree	75-100	standard	slow	40	n/a	long	Krawczyk top genus		NAC top ranked		genus highly recommended (3)				used as overstory	used	NRCS VT reccomended		used			used		NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT moderate	yes	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	dense	shallow	allelopathic					bareroot, container
12	Acer saccharum ssp. nigrum	black maple	Sapindaceae		hardwood		syrup	veneers, lumber, firewood	coppice products	yes	yes		4-8									6.1-7.5	FACU		shade tolerant	tree	75-100	standard	slow to medium	n/a	n/a	medium	Krawczyk top genus				genus highly recommended (3)				potential overstory										no				yes	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	dense	shallow						bareroot, container
13	Acer spicatum	mountain maple	Sapindaceae							yes	yes		2-7	could get too hot								5.8-7.0	FACU-		shade tolerant	tree	30	multi stemmed	medium	n/a	n/a	medium	Krawczyk top genus				genus highly recommended (3)													NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT moderate	yes	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families		deciduous	dense	medium						bareroot, container
14	Alnus glutinosa	black alder	Betulaceae		hardwood			firewood, pulpwood		no	no	naturalized VT	3-7	could get too hot		yes				yes		5.0-8.0	FACW			tree	35-50	standard	fast	n/a	n/a	medium	yes							potential		used	used					used			yes	used			yes	Tallamy top genus				deciduous	medium	shallow						bareroot, container	in use in NY for windbreaks and hedgerows, but naturalizes
15	Alnus incana ssp rugosa	speckled alder	Betulaceae				woody biomass	firewood		yes	yes		2-6	could get too hot		yes		yes	yes	yes		3.4-7.7	FACW+	some flood tolerance	part shade	shrub	20-35	multi stemmed	fast	n/a	n/a	medium	yes							potential			NRCS VT reccomended					NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	yes	used		NRCS VT moderate	yes	Tallamy top genus	high		medium	deciduous	medium	shallow						bareroot, container
16	Alnus serrulata	smooth alder	Betulaceae	NRCS				firewood		yes	yes		4-9			yes		yes	yes	yes		5.0-7.0	OBL	flood tolerant		shrub	20-35	multi stemmed	fast	n/a	n/a	medium	yes							potential		used						used	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	yes	used		NRCS VT moderate	yes	Tallamy top genus	high			deciduous	dense	shallow						bareroot, container
17	Amelanchier alnifolia	saskatoon	Rosaceae	fruiting cultivars		fruit				no	yes		2-7	could get too hot	vulnerable		yes	yes				5.5-7.0	FACU			shrub	12-25	multi stemmed	medium	3-5	self-pollinating	medium	yes		NAC top ranked	recommended (1)	genus recommended (2)			Xerces reccomended		used	NRCS SD reccomended		toxic?	toxic?		used			no	used			Xerces reccomended		high	mult. bird families		deciduous	medium	shallow			*fireblight			bareroot, container
18	Amelanchier arborea	common serviceberry	Rosaceae					pulpwood	fruit	yes	yes		4-9		vulnerable			yes				4.8-7.5	FAC-		part shade	tree	25-50	multi stemmed	slow	3-5	self-pollinating	short	yes		NAC top ranked		genus recommended (2)			Xerces reccomended				used	toxic?	toxic?		used		NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT high	Xerces reccomended		high	mult. bird families	low	deciduous	dense	shallow			*fireblight			bareroot, container	worthy of selecting commerical cultivars
19	Amelanchier canadensis	Canada serviceberry	Rosaceae						fruit	yes	yes		3-7	could get too hot	vulnerable					yes		6.1-6.5	FAC		shade tolerant	tree	35-50	multi stemmed	medium	3-5	self-pollinating	short	yes		NAC top ranked		genus recommended (2)			Xerces reccomended		used	NRCS VT reccomended		toxic?	toxic?		used		NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT high	Xerces reccomended		high	mult. bird families		deciduous	dense	shallow			*fireblight			bareroot, container	worthy of selecting commerical cultivars
20	Amelanchier laevis	Allegheny serviceberry	Rosaceae						fruit	yes	yes		4-8		vulnerable			yes				6.1-6.5	UPL		shade tolerant	tree	20-35	multi stemmed	medium	3-5	self-pollinating	short	yes		NAC top ranked		genus recommended (2)			Xerces reccomended		used			toxic?	toxic?		used		NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT high	Xerces reccomended		high	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	dense	shallow			*fireblight			bareroot, container	worthy of selecting commerical cultivars
21	Amorpha fruticosa	river locust	Fabaceae	NRCS						no	yes	VT invasive watch list	4-8			yes	yes	yes		yes	yes	5.0-8.5	FACW	flood tolerant		shrub	6-12	multi stemmed	fast	n/a	n/a	medium	yes			recommended (3)		used	used	Xerces reccomended		used	NRCS SD reccomended		used	used			suitable		yes	used			Xerces reccomended		medium			deciduous	open	shallow						bareroot, container
22	Aronia arbutifolia	red chokeberry	Rosaceae							no	yes		3-9						yes		yes	5.5-7.5	FACW		part shade	shrub	12	multi stemmed	slow	n/a	n/a	medium																		NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT low	yes		medium			deciduous		medium						bareroot, container
23	Aronia melanocarpa	aronia	Rosaceae	fruiting cultivars		fruit				yes	yes		3-8		vulnerable	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	5.1-6.5	FAC	flood tolerant	part shade but not for frut	shrub	3-6	multi stemmed	slow	2-5	no	short			NAC recommended		highly recommended (3)	used	used	potential		used	NRCS VT reccomended					used	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT low	yes		medium			deciduous	medium	shallow			*fireblight			bareroot, container
24	Asimina triloba	pawpaw	Annonaceae	fruiting cultivars		fruit				no	yes		5-9									6.1-8.5	FAC		part shade	tree	20-35	thicket	slow	2-3 grafted, 10 seedling	most need a pollinator	short		suckering	NAC recommended	recommended (1)	1 recommendation, 1 negative rating				used as understory	used			used						no	used			yes		very low		low	deciduous	open	deep						bareroot, container	requires a long warm period to ripen fruit
25	Betula alleghaniensis	yellow birch	Betulaceae					veneers, lumber, firewood	syrup	yes	yes		3-7	could get too hot				yes	yes			4.0-8.0	FAC		part shade	tree	60-75	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	long	yes				genus recommended (1)						NRCS VT reccomended					NRCS VT reccomended		NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT high	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	dense	medium	allelopathic					bareroot, container
26	Betula lenta	sweet birch	Betulaceae					veneers, lumber, firewood, pulpwood		yes	yes		3-7	could get too hot				yes				4.8-6.8	FACU		part shade	tree	60	standard	medium	n/a	n/a	long	yes				recommended (2)													NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT high	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families		deciduous	medium	medium						bareroot, container
27	Betula nigra	river birch	Betulaceae		hardwood			veneers, firewood, pulpwood		no	yes		4-9			yes				yes		4.0-6.6	FACW	some flood tolerance		tree	50-75	standard	fast	n/a	n/a	medium	yes		NAC recommended		genus recommended (1)				potential overstory							NRCS VT reccomended	suitable		no	used		NRCS VT high	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	open	shallow						bareroot, container
28	Betula papyrifera	paper birch	Betulaceae					veneers, firewood, pulpwood		yes	yes		2-6	could get too hot				yes				5.1-8.5	FACU			tree	50-75	multi stemmed	medium	n/a	n/a	short	yes		NAC recommended		genus recommended (1)						NRCS VT reccomended					used		NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT high	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families	high	deciduous	medium	medium						bareroot, container
29	Betula populifolia	gray birch	Betulaceae					firewood		yes	yes		3-6	could get too hot		yes	yes	yes			yes	5.1-7.5	FAC	flood tolerant		tree	35-50	standard	fast	n/a	n/a	short	yes				genus recommended (1)						NRCS VT reccomended					NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT high	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	very high	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	open	shallow						bareroot, container
30	Buddleja davidii	butterfly bush	Scrophulariaceae				woody cut flower			no	no		5-10									5.5-8.5	UPL			shrub	6-12	multi stemmed	fast	n/a	n/a	medium																			no				yes					deciduous
31	Buxus sempervirens	boxwood	Buxaceae				woody cut flower			no	no		5-8									4.8-7.0	UPL		part shade	shrub	4-8	multi stemmed	slow	n/a	n/a	medium																			no									deciduous
32	Caragana arborescens	Siberian pea shrub	Fabaceae							no	no	naturalized VT, noxious Midwest	2-6	could get too hot			yes	yes	yes		yes	5.0-8.0	UPL			shrub	6-12	multi stemmed	fast	n/a	n/a	long	yes							potential		used	NRCS SD reccomended	used	toxic	toxic		used			yes	used			yes					deciduous	medium	deep						bareroot, container
33	Carpinus caroliniana	American hornbeam	Betulaceae					firewood		yes	yes		3-9						yes		yes	6.1-7.5	FAC	intolerant	shade tolerant	tree	35-50	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	short	yes															NRCS VT reccomended		NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)		very low		low	deciduous	dense	medium	mildly allelopathic					bareroot, container
34	Carya cordiformis	yellowbud hickory	Juglandaceae	nut cultivars		oil		veneers, lumber, firewood, pulpwood		yes	yes		2-9			yes	yes	yes	yes		yes	5.5-8.5	FACU+		part shade	tree	75-100	standard	medium	3-4 grafted, 10 seedling	yes	long	yes			recommended (3)	genus very highly recommended (5)				potential overstory							used		NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	medium		low	deciduous	dense	deep						bareroot, container
35	Carya glabra	pignut hickory	Juglandaceae					veneers, lumber, firewood		yes	yes		5-9				yes	yes			yes	6.5-7.4	FACU-			tree	100	standard	slow	3-4 grafted, 10 seedling	yes	long	yes				genus very highly recommended (5)													NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	medium		low	deciduous	dense	deep						bareroot, container
36	Carya hybrids	hybrid hickory	Juglandaceae	nut cultivars		nuts, oil				some	some		variable		variable	variable	variable	variable	variable	variable	variable	variable	variable			tree	75-100	standard	medium	variable	yes	long	yes			recommended (3)	genus very highly recommended (5)	used			potential overstory		used		used			used			no				no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus				deciduous	variable	deep
37	Carya ovata	shagbark hickory	Juglandaceae	nut cultivars				lumber, firewood, pulpwood	nuts	yes	yes		4-8			yes	yes		yes			6.1-6.5	FACU-	intolerant	part shade	tree	75-100	standard	slow	3-4 grafted, 10 seedling	yes	long	yes			recommended (2)	genus very highly recommended (5)					used	NRCS VT reccomended					NRCS VT reccomended		NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT high	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	medium		low	deciduous	open	deep	mildly allelopathic					bareroot, container
38	Castanea dentata	American chestnut	Fagaceae					veneers, lumber, firewood, posts, pulpwood		yes	yes		4-8									5.5-6.5	UPL			tree	70	standard	fast	n/a	n/a	long	yes																	NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT very high	yes	Tallamy top genus				deciduous	dense	shallow		chestnut blight				bareroot, container
39	Castanea mollissima & hybrids	Chinese & hybrid chestnut	Fagaceae	nut cultivars		nuts		firewood	coppice products	no	no		5-9					yes				4.0-7.0	UPL			tree	25-50	standard	medium	3-5	yes	medium	Krawczyk top genus		NAC recommended	recommended (6)	highly recommended (3)	used			potential overstory	used									no				no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus				deciduous	dense	deep		*cinnamon fungus				bareroot, container
40	Ceanothus americanus	New Jersey tea	Rhamnaceae						tea	yes	yes		4-8				yes	yes				4.5-6.0	UPL			shrub	1-3	multi stemmed	slow to medium	n/a	n/a	medium								Xerces reccomended		used									yes	used			Xerces reccomended		medium		medium	deciduous	dense	shallow						bareroot, container
41	Celtis occidentalis	hackberry	Cannabaceae	NRCS				lumber, firewood		yes	yes		3-8			yes	yes			yes		6.6-8.0	FAC	flood tolerant	part shade	tree	75-100	standard	medium	n/a	n/a	medium	yes		NAC recommended	recommended (1)							NRCS SD reccomended		used	potential		used	suitable		no	used			no (wind pollinated)		very high	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	dense	deep	allelopathic					bareroot, container
42	Cephalanthus occidentalis	buttonbush	Rubiaceae	NRCS						yes	yes		5-9			yes		yes	yes			6.1-8.5	OBL	high flood tolerance	part shade	shrub	6-12	thicket	medium	n/a	n/a	short		suckering			recommended (1)			Xerces reccomended			NRCS VT reccomended		toxic	toxic		used	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no	used	NRCS VT reccomended	NRCS VT low	Xerces reccomended		low		low	deciduous	open	shallow						bareroot, container
43	Cercis canadensis	redbud	Fabaceae				woody cut flower		medicinal	no	yes		4-8				yes					6.1-8.5	FACU	intolerant	shade tolerant	tree	20-35	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	medium				recommended (1)	recommended (1)			Xerces reccomended		used									no	used			Xerces reccomended		very low		medium	deciduous	medium	deep						bareroot, container
44	Comptonia peregrina	sweetfern	Myricaceae							yes	yes		2-6	could get too hot			yes	yes			yes	4.5-6.5	UPL			shrub	1-3	thicket	slow	n/a	n/a	medium		suckering								used						used		NRCS VT reccomended	yes			NRCS VT low	no (wind pollinated)		low		medium	deciduous	open	shallow						bareroot, container
45	Cornus alternifolia	pagoda dogwood	Cornaceae						coppice products	yes	yes		3-7	could get too hot								6.6-7.5	FACU		shade tolerant	tree	20-35	standard	medium	n/a	n/a	medium	Krawczyk top genus				recommended (2)			potential			NRCS VT reccomended					NRCS VT reccomended		NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT high	yes		very high	mult. bird families		deciduous	open	shallow			*fireblight			bareroot, container
46	Cornus amomum	silky dogwood	Cornaceae						coppice products	yes	yes		5-8			yes		yes	yes			5.0-7.0	FACW	flood tolerant	part shade	shrub	6-12	thicket	medium	n/a	n/a	medium	Krawczyk top genus	suckering			genus recommended (1)		potential	potential			NRCS VT reccomended	used				NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no	used	NRCS VT reccomended	NRCS VT high	yes		very high	mult. bird families	low	deciduous	medium	medium						bareroot, container, live stake
47	Cornus florida	flowering dogwood	Betulaceae				woody cut flower			yes	yes		5-9					yes			yes	5.0-7.0	FACU-	intolerant	shade tolerant	tree	30	standard	medium	n/a	n/a	long	yes		NAC recommended		genus recommended (1)													NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT high	yes		very high			deciduous	open	shallow						bareroot, container
48	Cornus mas	Cornelian cherry	Cornaceae						fruit	no	no		4-8						yes			5.5-7.5	UPL		part shade	tree	12-25	multi stemmed	slow	4	helpful not necessary		Krawczyk top genus									used									no				yes					deciduous
49	Cornus racemosa	gray dogwood	Cornaceae						coppice products	yes	yes		4-8				yes	yes	yes			6.1-8.5	FAC		part shade	shrub	6-12	thicket	medium	n/a	n/a	medium	Krawczyk top genus	suckering	NAC recommended		genus recommended (1)			potential			NRCS VT reccomended					NRCS VT reccomended		NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT high	yes		very high	mult. bird families	low	deciduous	dense	shallow						bareroot, container
50	Cornus sanguinea	blood-twig dogwood	Cornaceae							no	no		4-7	could get too hot		yes						5.5-6.0	FACW	flood tolerant	part shade	shrub	6-12	thicket		n/a	n/a	medium	Krawczyk top genus	suckering	NAC recommended		genus recommended (1)			potential			used						suitable		no				yes					deciduous								bareroot, container, live stake
51	Cornus sericea	red osier dogwood	Cornaceae	NRCS					coppice products	yes	yes		3-7	could get too hot		yes						6.1-8.5	FACW+	flood tolerant	part shade	shrub	6-12	thicket	fast	n/a	n/a	long	Krawczyk top genus	suckering	NAC top ranked		recommended (2)		potential	potential			NRCS VT reccomended	used				NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no	used	NRCS VT reccomended	NRCS VT high	yes		very high	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	medium	shallow						bareroot, container, live stake
52	Corylus americana	American hazel	Betulaceae	NRCS					nuts, coppice products	yes	yes		4-9				yes		yes			6.1-7.5	FACU-		part shade	shrub	6-12	multi stemmed	medium	n/a	n/a	short	Krawczyk top genus				recommended (1)					used	NRCS VT reccomended	used						NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT high	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	medium		medium	deciduous	dense	shallow	mildly allelopathic					bareroot, container
53	Corylus cornuta	beaked hazelnut	Betulaceae						nuts, coppice products	yes	yes		4-8				yes		yes			6.1-7.5	FACU-		part shade	shrub	6-12	multi stemmed	medium	n/a	n/a	short	Krawczyk top genus											used				used		NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT high	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	medium		medium	deciduous	dense	shallow	mildly allelopathic					bareroot, container
54	Corylus hybrids	hybrid hazelnut	Betulaceae	nut cultivars		nuts			coppice products	no	no		4-8					yes	yes			5.0-8.0	FACU			shrub	6-20	multi stemmed	medium	4-5	yes	medium	Krawczyk top genus		NAC recommended	recommended (5)	highly recommended (4)	used				used	used								no				no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus				deciduous	dense	shallow	mildly allelopathic					bareroot, container
55	Cotinus coggygria	smoke tree	Anacardiaceae				woody cut flower			no	no	naturalized VT	5-8				yes	yes	yes			4.0-6.5	UPL			shrub	6-20	multi stemmed	medium	n/a	n/a	short																			no				yes					deciduous
56	Crataegus arnoldiana	Arnold hawthorn	Rosaceae					firewood		no	yes		4-8					yes	yes			5.7-7.6	UPL			tree	30	standard	medium	n/a	n/a	long	yes	spiny			genus recommended (1)			Xerces reccomended			NRCS SD reccomended								no				yes	Tallamy top genus	medium	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	dense	medium					apple maggot, spotted wing drosophila
57	Crataegus chrysocarpa	fireberry hawthorn	Rosaceae					firewood		yes	yes		4-8					yes	yes			6.0-7.2	UPL			tree	30	standard	medium	n/a	n/a	long	yes	spiny			genus recommended (1)			Xerces reccomended			NRCS SD reccomended								no				yes	Tallamy top genus	medium	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	dense	medium					apple maggot, spotted wing drosophila
58	Crataegus monogyna	common hawthorn	Rosaceae				medicinal	firewood		no	no	naturalized VT	4-8				yes	yes	yes		yes	6.0-7.2	UPL		part shade	tree	20	standard	fast	n/a	n/a	long	yes	spiny			genus recommended (1)													NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT high	yes	Tallamy top genus	medium	mult. bird families	high	deciduous	medium	medium					apple maggot, spotted wing drosophila	bareroot, container
59	Crataegus spp (inc. holmsiana, intricata, macrosperma, punctata, scabrida, etc.)	native hawthorn	Rosaceae	NRCS			medicinal	firewood	fruit, medicinal	yes	yes		3-9				yes		yes		yes	6.1-8.5	UPL	some flood tolerance		tree	20-35	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	long	yes	spiny			genus recommended (1)			Xerces reccomended			used								no	used			Xerces reccomended	Tallamy top genus	medium	mult. bird families	high	deciduous	dense	deep	mildly allelopathic				apple maggot, spotted wing drosophila	bareroot, container	numerous native species, somewhat interchangable as far as ecosystem function
60	Cydonia oblona	quince	Rosaceae	fruiting cultivars		fruit				no	no		5-9		vulnerable	yes				yes		6.0-7.0	UPL			tree	8-16	standard	slow	2-3	self-pollinating	medium	yes									used									no				yes					deciduous	medium	shallow		fireblight				bareroot, container
61	Dasiphora fruticosa	shrubby cinquefoil	Rosaceae							yes	yes		3-7	could get too hot		yes		yes	yes			5.1-8.5	FACW			shrub	1-3	multi stemmed	medium	n/a	n/a	medium								potential								used			no				yes		low			deciduous		shallow						bareroot, container
62	Diospyros virginiana & hybrids	American persimmon	Ebenaceae	fruiting cultivars		fruit		firewood		no	yes		5-9				yes					6.1-6.6	FAC	flood tolerant		tree	50-75	standard	slow	3-5	most require a pollinator	long	yes	suckering	NAC recommended	recommended (6)	genus recommended (1)			potential	potential overstory	used			used	used (fruit)		used			no	used			yes		high		medium	deciduous	open	deep						bareroot, container	requires a long warm period to ripen fruit
63	Fagus grandifolia	American beech	Fagaceae					veneers, lumber, firewood		yes	yes		3-9				yes					5.5-6.5	FACU		shade tolerant	tree	70-90	standard	slow to medium	n/a	n/a	long		suckering	NAC recommended													used		NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT very high	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	high		low	deciduous	dense	shallow	mildly allelopathic	beech leaf disease, *cinnamon fungus				bareroot, container
64	Forsythia x intermedia	forsythia	Oleaceae				woody cut flower			no	no	naturalized VT	5-8					yes	yes			5.0-8.0	UPL			shrub		thicket	fast	n/a	n/a	long	yes	suckering																	no									deciduous	dense
65	Fraxinus americana	white ash	Oleaceae		hardwood			lumber, firewood	coppice products	yes	yes		4-9					yes				6.1-7.5	FACU	flood tolerant	shade tolerant	tree	70-100	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	medium	Krawczyk top genus			recommended (1)	genus highly recommended (3)				potential overstory		NRCS VT reccomended		used	potential		NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	low		medium	deciduous	medium	shallow				emerald ash borer		bareroot, container
66	Fraxinus nigra	black ash	Oleaceae					veneers, lumber, firewood	coppice products	yes	yes		2-5	zone 6 too hot		yes			yes	yes		4.4-6.5	FACW	flood tolerant	part shade	tree	50-75	standard	fast	n/a	n/a	long	Krawczyk top genus			recommended (1)	genus highly recommended (3)						NRCS VT reccomended					NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	low			deciduous	medium	shallow				emerald ash borer		bareroot, container
67	Fraxinus pennsylvanica	green ash	Oleaceae	NRCS	hardwood			lumber, firewood	coppice products	yes	yes		2-9					yes	yes	yes	yes	3.5-8.0	FACW	high flood tolerance	part shade	tree	50-60	standard	fast	n/a	n/a	medium	Krawczyk top genus			recommended (1)	genus highly recommended (3)	used			potential overstory		NRCS VT reccomended		used	potential		NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	low		medium	deciduous	medium	deep				emerald ash borer		bareroot, container
68	Ginkgo biloba	ginkgo	Ginkgoaceae				medicinal	firewood		no	no		4-9			yes			yes			5.0-8.0	UPL		part shade	tree	70-100	standard	medium	n/a	n/a	long	yes	smelly, rash-causing fruit																	no									deciduous		deep
69	Gleditsia tricanthos	honey locust	Fabaceae	sweet pod cultivars	hardwood			lumber, firewood, posts		no	yes	naturalized VT	3-9				yes		yes	yes		6.1-7.5	FAC	some flood tolerance		tree	50-75	standard	fast	3-5 grafted, 10 for seedlings	males needed for pods	medium	yes	spiny (some)	NAC top ranked	recommended (4)	genus recommended (2)	used		potential	potential overstory		NRCS SD reccomended		used	used (pods)		used	suitable		maybe a bit	used			yes		very low		medium	deciduous	open	deep	mildly allelopathic					bareroot, container
70	Hamamelis virginiana	witch hazel	Hamamelidaceae				medicinal			yes	yes		3-8								yes	6.1-6.5	FAC-		shade tolerant	tree	20-35	multi stemmed	slow	n/a	n/a	long			NAC recommended					potential	shade crop	used	NRCS VT reccomended					NRCS VT reccomended		NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT low	yes		low		low	deciduous	dense	medium						bareroot, container
71	Hippophae rhamnoides	seaberry	Elaeagnaceae	fruiting cultivars		fruit				no	no		3-7	could get too hot			yes	yes			yes	6.5-8.0	UPL			shrub	10-18	thicket	fast	2-3	yes	medium		spiny, suckering		recommended (3)	genus recommended (2)	used				used	NRCS SD reccomended								yes	used			yes					deciduous	medium	shallow						bareroot, container	additional breeding or importing of improved cultivars recommended
72	Hydrangea macrophylla	hydrangea	Hydrangeaceae				woody cut flower			no	no		5-8									4.5-7.0	UPL		part shade	shrub	4-8	multi stemmed	medium	n/a	n/a	medium																			no									deciduous
73	Ilex verticillata	winterberry holly	Aquifoliaceae				woody cut flower			yes	yes		3-9			yes		yes	yes	yes		4.5-8.5	FACW+		part shade	shrub	6-12	multi stemmed	slow	n/a	n/a	long			NAC recommended					potential			NRCS VT reccomended		toxic	toxic		NRCS VT reccomended		NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT moderate	yes		high	mult. bird families	low	deciduous	dense	shallow						bareroot, container
74	Juglans ailantifolia	heartnut	Juglandaceae	nut cultivars		nuts				no	no		5-9						yes			6.0-8.0	UPL			tree	50-75	standard	medium	2-3 grafted, 6-8 seedling	yes	long	yes			recommended (2)	highly recommended (3)	used			potential overstory	used									no				no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus				deciduous	open	deep	allelopathic					bareroot, container
75	Juglans cinerea	butternut	Juglandaceae	nut cultivars	hardwood			veneers, lumber, firewood, posts, pulpwood	nuts	yes	yes		3-7	could get too hot								6.0-8.0	FACU+			tree	50-75	standard	medium	2-3 grafted, 6-8 seedling	yes	medium	yes		NAC recommended	recommended (2)	genus recommended (2)				potential overstory	used			used			used		NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	low		low	deciduous	open	deep	allelopathic	butternut canker				bareroot, container
76	Juglans nigra	black walnut	Juglandaceae	nut cultivars	hardwood	nuts		veneers, lumber, firewood		no	yes	naturalized VT	4-7	could get too hot					yes			6.5-8.5	FACU	intolerant		tree	75-100	standard	medium	2-3 grafted, 6-8 seedling	yes	long	yes		NAC top ranked	recommended (3)	highly recommended (4)	used			potential overstory	used	NRCS SD reccomended		used	toxic				NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT high	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	low		low	deciduous	open	deep	highly allelopathic					bareroot, container
77	Juglans regia	Carpathian walnut	Juglandaceae	nut cultivars	hardwood	nuts		lumber, firewood		no	no		5-7	could get too hot					yes			6.0-8.0	UPL			tree	50-75	standard	medium	2-3 grafted, 6-8 seedling	yes	long	yes			recommended (2)	negative rating (2)	used			potential overstory	used									no				no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus				deciduous	open	deep	allelopathic	*cinnamon fungus		*codling moth		bareroot, container
78	Juniperus communis	pasture juniper	Cupressaceae							yes	yes		2-7	could get too hot			yes	yes			yes	5.1-8.5	FACU			shrub	3-6	multi stemmed	slow	n/a	n/a	long		spiny									NRCS VT reccomended	used				used		NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)		very high		low	evergreen	dense	deep	allelopathic					bareroot, container
79	Juniperus virginiana	eastern red cedar	Cupressaceae		softwood		Christmas trees	veneers, lumber, firewood, posts		yes	yes		3-9				yes	yes	yes		yes	6.0-7.5	FACU			tree	50-75	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	medium			NAC top ranked		genus recommended (1)				potential overstory		NRCS VT reccomended	used			suitable			NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT high	no (wind pollinated)		very high	mult. bird families	medium	evergreen	dense	deep	allelopathic		cedar apple rust			bareroot, container
80	Kalmia latifolia	mountain laurel	Ericaceae							yes	yes		4-9			yes	yes		yes		yes	4.5-6.0	FACU		part shade	shrub	3-6	multi stemmed	slow	n/a	n/a	long								potential					toxic	toxic		used		NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT low	yes		very low		low	evergreen	dense	shallow	mildly allelopathic	*cinnamon fungus				bareroot, container
81	Larix hybrids	hybrid larch	Pinaceae		softwood			lumber, firewood, pulpwood		no	no		2-8			yes		yes	yes	yes		4.5-7.5	UPL	flood tolerant		tree	50-75	standard	extremely fast	n/a	n/a	medium									potential overstory										no				no (wind pollinated)				low	deciduous	open	shallow						bareroot, container
82	Larix laricina	larch	Pinaceae		softwood			lumber, firewood, posts, pulpwood		yes	yes		2-8			yes		yes	yes	yes		4.5-7.5	FACW	flood tolerant		tree	50-75	standard	fast	n/a	n/a	medium				recommended (1)		used			potential overstory		NRCS VT reccomended					NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)		medium		low	deciduous	open	shallow						bareroot, container
83	Lindera benzoin	spicebush	Lauraceae						spice, tea	yes	yes		4-9			yes						4.5-6.5	FACW-	flood tolerant	part shade	shrub	6-12	multi stemmed	slow	n/a	n/a	long								potential	potential shade crop	used	NRCS VT reccomended					used	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT low	yes		very high		medium	deciduous	medium	medium						bareroot, container
84	Liquidambar styraciflua	sweetgum	Altingiaceae		hardwood		woody biomass	veneers, lumber, firewood, pulpwood		no	yes		5-11			yes		yes	yes	yes	yes	3.6-7.5	FAC	flood tolerant		tree	75-100	standard	medium	n/a	n/a	long	yes		NAC recommended						potential overstory				used	potential		used	suitable		no	used			yes		low			deciduous	dense	deep						bareroot, container
85	Liriodendron tulipifera	tulip tree	Magnoliaceae	NRCS	hardwood			veneers, lumber, pulpwood		yes	yes		4-9					yes	yes			6.0-7.0	FACU	flood tolerant	part shade	tree	75-100	standard	medium to fast	n/a	n/a	long	yes		NAC recommended		negative rating (1)	used		Xerces reccomended	used as overstory				used	toxic		used	suitable		no	used			Xerces reccomended		low	mult. bird families	low	deciduous	medium	deep						bareroot, container
86	Lonicera caerulea	honeyberry	Caprifoliaceae	fruiting cultivars		fruit				no	no		3-7	could get too hot		yes				yes		5.0-8.0	UPL			shrub	3-6	multi stemmed	medium	2	yes	long			NAC recommended	recommended (2)	negative rating (1)					used									no				yes					deciduous	medium	shallow						bareroot, container
87	Lycium barbatum	goji	Solanaceae	fruiting cultivars		fruit	medicinal			no	no	naturalized VT	6-9				yes	yes			yes	6.5-7.0	UPL			shrub	4-8	thicket	fast	2-5	self-pollinating	medium	yes	spiny, suckering				used				used									no				yes					deciduous	dense	shallow						bareroot, container
88	Maakia amurensis	Amur maakia	Fabaceae							no	no		3-7	could get too hot			yes					5.0-8.0	UPL		part shade	tree	20-30	standard	medium	n/a	n/a	medium	yes								potential overstory	used									yes				yes					deciduous								bareroot, container
89	Malus pumila	apple	Rosaceae	fruiting cultivars, resistant cultivars		fruit		firewood		no	no	naturalized VT	4-9		vulnerable							6.0-7.5	UPL			tree	8-25	standard	medium	2-5	yes	medium			NAC recommended	recommended (3)	very highly recommended (5)	used		Xerces reccomended	potential overstory	used			toxic	toxic					no				Xerces reccomended	Tallamy top genus				deciduous	dense	shallow		*fireblight, cedar apple rust		plum curculio, apple maggot. codling moth		bareroot, container
90	Mespilus germanica	medlar	Rosaceae	fruiting cultivars					fruit	no	no		5-9		vulnerable			yes	yes			6.5-7.5	UPL			tree	12-25	standard	medium		self-pollinating											used									no				yes					deciduous	dense			*fireblight, cedar apple rust				bareroot, container
91	Morella pensylvanica	bayberry	Myricaceae	NRCS					candles, flavoring	no	yes	naturalized VT	3-7	could get too hot		yes	yes	yes	yes			5.1-6.5	FAC			tree	6-12	thicket	medium to fast	n/a	n/a	long		suckering								used	used	used							yes	used			no (wind pollinated)		high	mult. bird families	low	semi-evergreen	medium	medium						bareroot, container
92	Morus alba	white mulberry	Moraceae	fruiting cultivars, fodder varieties		fruit, silk			coppice products	no	no	naturalized VT	4 or 5-12				yes	yes				6.0-7.0	FACU			tree	30-50	standard	fast	2-10	self-pollinating	medium	Krawczyk top genus			recommended (8)	highly recommended (4), also 1 negative rating		used		used as overstory	used	NRCS SD reccomended		used	used					no	used			no (wind pollinated)					deciduous	medium	deep						bareroot, container
93	Morus rubra	red mulbery	Moraceae					veneers, lumber, posts	fruit, coppice products	yes	yes		5-9						yes	yes		6.3-8.5	FACU	intolerant	part shade	tree	35-50	standard	fast	2-10	variable	medium	Krawczyk top genus		NAC recommended	recommended (2)				potential	potential overstory	used			used	potential		used			no	used			no (wind pollinated)		high	mult. bird families		deciduous	dense	deep						bareroot, container
94	Myrica gale	sweet gale	Myricaceae							yes	yes		2-6	could get too hot		yes			yes			5.0-7.8	OBL			shrub	6-8	thicket	medium	n/a	n/a	medium		suckering														used			yes				no (wind pollinated)			mult. bird families		deciduous	medium	shallow						bareroot, container
95	Nyssa sylvatica	black gum	Cornaceae					lumber, firewood		yes	yes		3-9			yes	yes				yes	4.5-6.0	FAC	some flood tolerance	shade tolerant	tree	50-75	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	medium	yes	spiny	NAC recommended		recommended (1)			Xerces reccomended	potential overstory							used	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT high	Xerces reccomended		medium	mult. bird families	medium	deciduous	dense	deep						bareroot, container
96	Ostrya virginiana	hop hornbeam	Betulaceae					firewood, posts		yes	yes		3-9						yes		yes	6.1-8.5	FACU-		shade tolerant	tree	35-50	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	short	yes															NRCS VT reccomended		NRCS VT reccomended	no	used		NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)		low		medium	deciduous	dense	deep						bareroot, container
97	Physocarpus opulifolius	Atlantic ninebark	Rosaceae							yes	yes		2-8				yes	yes	yes			4.5-6.5	UPL			shrub	6-12	multistem	slow	n/a	n/a	medium	yes										NRCS SD reccomended								no				yes				low	deciduous	dense	shallow						bareroot, container
98	Picea abies	Norway spruce	Pinaceae					lumber, firewood		no	no	naturalized VT	2-7	could get too hot					yes			5.0-7.0	UPL		part shade	tree	150	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	short			NAC recommended								NRCS VT reccomended							NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus				evergreen	dense	medium						bareroot, container
99	Picea glauca	white spruce	Pinaceae		softwood			lumber, firewood, pulpwood	spruce beer	yes	yes		2-6	could get too hot			yes	yes	yes		yes	4.0-7.0	FACU	flood tolerant	shade tolerant	tree	50-75	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	short			NAC recommended	recommended (1)		used			potential overstory		NRCS VT reccomended	used			suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	high	mult. bird families	low	evergreen	dense	shallow						bareroot, container
100	Picea mariana	black spruce	Pinaceae		softwood		Christmas trees	lumber, firewood, pulpwood	spruce beer	yes	yes		2-6	could get too hot		yes		yes	yes	yes		4.0-6.0	FACW-	flood tolerant	shade tolerant	tree	50-75	standard	slow	n/a	n/a	medium				recommended (1)					potential overstory		NRCS VT reccomended				suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	suitable	NRCS VT reccomended	no			NRCS VT moderate	no (wind pollinated)	Tallamy top genus	high	mult. bird families	medium	evergreen	dense	shallow	mildly allelopathic					bareroot, container